repl: fix preview of lines that exceed the terminal columns

This adds support for very long input lines to still display the
input preview correct.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31006


Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Anto Aravinth <anto.aravinth.cse@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>