Reland "[clang] Enable sized deallocation by default in C++14 onwards" (#90373)

Since C++14 has been released for about nine years and most standard
libraries have implemented sized deallocation functions, it's time to
make this feature default again.

This is another try of https://reviews.llvm.org/D112921.

The original commit cf5a8b48 was reverted by 2e5035ae due to some
failures (see #83774).

Fixes #60061