[Assignment Tracking] Improve removeRedundantDbgLocsUsingBackwardScan

`removeRedundantDbgLocsUsingBackwardScan` removes redundant dbg loc definitions
by scanning backwards through contiguous sets of them (a "wedge"), removing
earlier (in IR order terms) defs for fragments of variables that are defined
later in the wedge.

In this patch we use a `Bitvector` for each variable to track which bits have
definitions to more accurately determine whether a loc def is redundant. This
patch increases compile time by itself, but reduces it when combined with the
follow-up patch.

Reviewed By: jmorse

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D146978