gpiolib: reluctantly provide gpio_device_get_chip()

The process of converting all unauthorized users of struct gpio_chip to
using dedicated struct gpio_device function will be long so in the
meantime we must provide a way of retrieving the pointer to struct
gpio_chip from a GPIO device.

Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <bartosz.golaszewski@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>