path: root/src/flash/nor/kinetis.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

/***************************************************************************
 *   Copyright (C) 2011 by Mathias Kuester                                 *
 *   kesmtp@freenet.de                                                     *
 *                                                                         *
 *   Copyright (C) 2011 sleep(5) ltd                                       *
 *   tomas@sleepfive.com                                                   *
 *                                                                         *
 *   Copyright (C) 2012 by Christopher D. Kilgour                          *
 *   techie at whiterocker.com                                             *
 *                                                                         *
 *   Copyright (C) 2013 Nemui Trinomius                                    *
 *   nemuisan_kawausogasuki@live.jp                                        *
 *                                                                         *
 *   Copyright (C) 2015 Tomas Vanek                                        *
 *   vanekt@fbl.cz                                                         *
 ***************************************************************************/

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include "jtag/interface.h"
#include "imp.h"
#include <helper/binarybuffer.h>
#include <helper/time_support.h>
#include <target/target_type.h>
#include <target/algorithm.h>
#include <target/arm_adi_v5.h>
#include <target/armv7m.h>
#include <target/cortex_m.h>

/*
 * Implementation Notes
 *
 * The persistent memories in the Kinetis chip families K10 through
 * K70 are all manipulated with the Flash Memory Module.  Some
 * variants call this module the FTFE, others call it the FTFL.  To
 * indicate that both are considered here, we use FTFX.
 *
 * Within the module, according to the chip variant, the persistent
 * memory is divided into what Freescale terms Program Flash, FlexNVM,
 * and FlexRAM.  All chip variants have Program Flash.  Some chip
 * variants also have FlexNVM and FlexRAM, which always appear
 * together.
 *
 * A given Kinetis chip may have 1, 2 or 4 blocks of flash.  Here we map
 * each block to a separate bank.  Each block size varies by chip and
 * may be determined by the read-only SIM_FCFG1 register.  The sector
 * size within each bank/block varies by chip, and may be 1, 2 or 4k.
 * The sector size may be different for flash and FlexNVM.
 *
 * The first half of the flash (1 or 2 blocks) is always Program Flash
 * and always starts at address 0x00000000.  The "PFLSH" flag, bit 23
 * of the read-only SIM_FCFG2 register, determines whether the second
 * half of the flash is also Program Flash or FlexNVM+FlexRAM.  When
 * PFLSH is set, the second from the first half.  When PFLSH is clear,
 * the second half of flash is FlexNVM and always starts at address
 * 0x10000000.  FlexRAM, which is also present when PFLSH is clear,
 * always starts at address 0x14000000.
 *
 * The Flash Memory Module provides a register set where flash
 * commands are loaded to perform flash operations like erase and
 * program.  Different commands are available depending on whether
 * Program Flash or FlexNVM/FlexRAM is being manipulated.  Although
 * the commands used are quite consistent between flash blocks, the
 * parameters they accept differ according to the flash sector size.
 *
 */

/* Addresses */
#define FCF_ADDRESS	0x00000400
#define FCF_FPROT	0x8
#define FCF_FSEC	0xc
#define FCF_FOPT	0xd
#define FCF_FDPROT	0xf
#define FCF_SIZE	0x10

#define FLEXRAM		0x14000000

#define MSCM_OCMDR0	0x40001400
#define MSCM_OCMDR1	0x40001404
#define FMC_PFB01CR	0x4001f004
#define FTFX_FSTAT	0x40020000
#define FTFX_FCNFG	0x40020001
#define FTFX_FCCOB3	0x40020004
#define FTFX_FPROT3	0x40020010
#define FTFX_FDPROT	0x40020017
#define SIM_BASE	0x40047000
#define SIM_BASE_KL28	0x40074000
#define SIM_COPC	0x40048100
	/* SIM_COPC does not exist on devices with changed SIM_BASE */
#define WDOG_BASE	0x40052000
#define WDOG32_KE1X	0x40052000
#define WDOG32_KL28	0x40076000
#define SMC_PMCTRL	0x4007E001
#define SMC_PMSTAT	0x4007E003
#define SMC32_PMCTRL	0x4007E00C
#define SMC32_PMSTAT	0x4007E014
#define PMC_REGSC	0x4007D002
#define MC_PMCTRL	0x4007E003
#define MCM_PLACR	0xF000300C

/* Offsets */
#define SIM_SOPT1_OFFSET    0x0000
#define SIM_SDID_OFFSET	    0x1024
#define SIM_FCFG1_OFFSET    0x104c
#define SIM_FCFG2_OFFSET    0x1050

#define WDOG_STCTRLH_OFFSET      0
#define WDOG32_CS_OFFSET         0

/* Values */
#define PM_STAT_RUN		0x01
#define PM_STAT_VLPR		0x04
#define PM_CTRL_RUNM_RUN	0x00

/* Commands */
#define FTFX_CMD_BLOCKSTAT  0x00
#define FTFX_CMD_SECTSTAT   0x01
#define FTFX_CMD_LWORDPROG  0x06
#define FTFX_CMD_SECTERASE  0x09
#define FTFX_CMD_SECTWRITE  0x0b
#define FTFX_CMD_MASSERASE  0x44
#define FTFX_CMD_PGMPART    0x80
#define FTFX_CMD_SETFLEXRAM 0x81

/* The older Kinetis K series uses the following SDID layout :
 * Bit 31-16 : 0
 * Bit 15-12 : REVID
 * Bit 11-7  : DIEID
 * Bit 6-4   : FAMID
 * Bit 3-0   : PINID
 *
 * The newer Kinetis series uses the following SDID layout :
 * Bit 31-28 : FAMID
 * Bit 27-24 : SUBFAMID
 * Bit 23-20 : SERIESID
 * Bit 19-16 : SRAMSIZE
 * Bit 15-12 : REVID
 * Bit 6-4   : Reserved (0)
 * Bit 3-0   : PINID
 *
 * We assume that if bits 31-16 are 0 then it's an older
 * K-series MCU.
 */

#define KINETIS_SOPT1_RAMSIZE_MASK  0x0000F000
#define KINETIS_SOPT1_RAMSIZE_K24FN1M 0x0000B000

#define KINETIS_SDID_K_SERIES_MASK  0x0000FFFF

#define KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_MASK 0x00000F80

#define KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K22FN128	0x00000680 /* smaller pflash with FTFA */
#define KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K22FN256	0x00000A80
#define KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K22FN512	0x00000E80
#define KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K24FN256	0x00000700

#define KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K24FN1M	0x00000300 /* Detect Errata 7534 */

/* We can't rely solely on the FAMID field to determine the MCU
 * type since some FAMID values identify multiple MCUs with
 * different flash sector sizes (K20 and K22 for instance).
 * Therefore we combine it with the DIEID bits which may possibly
 * break if Freescale bumps the DIEID for a particular MCU. */
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_TYPE_MASK 0x00000FF0
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M50	 0x00000000
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M72	 0x00000080
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M100	 0x00000100
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M120	 0x00000180
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K11		 0x00000220
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K12		 0x00000200
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M50	 0x00000010
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M72	 0x00000090
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M100	 0x00000110
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M120	 0x00000190
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K21_M50   0x00000230
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K21_M120	 0x00000330
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K22_M50   0x00000210
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K22_M120	 0x00000310
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K30_M72   0x000000A0
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K30_M100  0x00000120
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K40_M72   0x000000B0
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K40_M100  0x00000130
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K50_M72   0x000000E0
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K51_M72	 0x000000F0
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K53		 0x00000170
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K60_M100  0x00000140
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K60_M150  0x000001C0
#define KINETIS_K_SDID_K70_M150  0x000001D0

#define KINETIS_K_REVID_MASK	0x0000F000
#define KINETIS_K_REVID_SHIFT	12

#define KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_MASK 0x00F00000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_K   0x00000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_KL   0x00100000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_KE   0x00200000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_KW   0x00500000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_KV   0x00600000

#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_SHIFT 24
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_MASK  0x0F000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX0   0x00000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1   0x01000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX2   0x02000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX3   0x03000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX4   0x04000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX5   0x05000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX6   0x06000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX7   0x07000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX8   0x08000000

#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_SHIFT 28
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_MASK  0xF0000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K0X   0x00000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X   0x10000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X   0x20000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K3X   0x30000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K4X   0x40000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K5X   0x50000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K6X   0x60000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K7X   0x70000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K8X   0x80000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_KL8X  0x90000000

/* The field originally named DIEID has new name/meaning on KE1x */
#define KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_MASK  KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_MASK
#define KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_KE1XF 0x00000080
#define KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_KE1XZ 0x00000100

/* The S32K series uses a different, incompatible SDID layout :
 * Bit 31-28 : GENERATION
 * Bit 27-24 : SUBSERIES
 * Bit 23-20 : DERIVATE
 * Bit 19-16 : RAMSIZE
 * Bit 15-12 : REVID
 * Bit 11-8  : PACKAGE
 * Bit 7-0   : FEATURES
 */

#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_SERIES_MASK	0xFF000000	/* GENERATION + SUBSERIES */
#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_SERIES_K11X	0x11000000
#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_SERIES_K14X	0x14000000

#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_MASK	0x00F00000
#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX2	0x00200000
#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX3	0x00300000
#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX4	0x00400000
#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX5	0x00500000
#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX6	0x00600000
#define KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX8	0x00800000

struct kinetis_flash_bank {
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip;
	bool probed;
	unsigned bank_number;		/* bank number in particular chip */
	struct flash_bank *bank;

	uint32_t sector_size;
	uint32_t protection_size;
	uint32_t prog_base;		/* base address for FTFx operations */
					/* usually same as bank->base for pflash, differs for FlexNVM */
	uint32_t protection_block;	/* number of first protection block in this bank */

	enum {
		FC_AUTO = 0,
		FC_PFLASH,
		FC_FLEX_NVM,
		FC_FLEX_RAM,
	} flash_class;
};

#define KINETIS_MAX_BANKS 4u

struct kinetis_chip {
	struct target *target;
	bool probed;

	uint32_t sim_sdid;
	uint32_t sim_fcfg1;
	uint32_t sim_fcfg2;
	uint32_t fcfg2_maxaddr0_shifted;
	uint32_t fcfg2_maxaddr1_shifted;

	unsigned num_pflash_blocks, num_nvm_blocks;
	unsigned pflash_sector_size, nvm_sector_size;
	unsigned max_flash_prog_size;

	uint32_t pflash_base;
	uint32_t pflash_size;
	uint32_t nvm_base;
	uint32_t nvm_size;		/* whole FlexNVM */
	uint32_t dflash_size;		/* accessible rest of FlexNVM if EEPROM backup uses part of FlexNVM */

	uint32_t progr_accel_ram;
	uint32_t sim_base;

	enum {
	      CT_KINETIS = 0,
	      CT_S32K,
	} chip_type;

	enum {
		FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR = 1,
		FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD = 2,
		FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE = 4,		/* Unsupported */

		FS_NO_CMD_BLOCKSTAT = 0x40,
		FS_WIDTH_256BIT = 0x80,
		FS_ECC = 0x100,
	} flash_support;

	enum {
		KINETIS_CACHE_NONE,
		KINETIS_CACHE_K,	/* invalidate using FMC->PFB0CR/PFB01CR */
		KINETIS_CACHE_L,	/* invalidate using MCM->PLACR */
		KINETIS_CACHE_MSCM,	/* devices like KE1xF, invalidate MSCM->OCMDR0 */
		KINETIS_CACHE_MSCM2,	/* devices like S32K, invalidate MSCM->OCMDR0 and MSCM->OCMDR1 */
	} cache_type;

	enum {
		KINETIS_WDOG_NONE,
		KINETIS_WDOG_K,
		KINETIS_WDOG_COP,
		KINETIS_WDOG32_KE1X,
		KINETIS_WDOG32_KL28,
	} watchdog_type;

	enum {
		KINETIS_SMC,
		KINETIS_SMC32,
		KINETIS_MC,
	} sysmodectrlr_type;

	char name[40];

	unsigned num_banks;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank banks[KINETIS_MAX_BANKS];
};

struct kinetis_type {
	uint32_t sdid;
	char *name;
};

static const struct kinetis_type kinetis_types_old[] = {
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M50,  "MK10D%s5" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M72,  "MK10D%s7" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M100, "MK10D%s10" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M120, "MK10F%s12" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K11,      "MK11D%s5" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K12,      "MK12D%s5" },

	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M50,  "MK20D%s5" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M72,  "MK20D%s7" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M100, "MK20D%s10" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M120, "MK20F%s12" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K21_M50,  "MK21D%s5" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K21_M120, "MK21F%s12" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K22_M50,  "MK22D%s5" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K22_M120, "MK22F%s12" },

	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K30_M72,  "MK30D%s7" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K30_M100, "MK30D%s10" },

	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K40_M72,  "MK40D%s7" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K40_M100, "MK40D%s10" },

	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K50_M72,  "MK50D%s7" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K51_M72,  "MK51D%s7" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K53,      "MK53D%s10" },

	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K60_M100, "MK60D%s10" },
	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K60_M150, "MK60F%s15" },

	{ KINETIS_K_SDID_K70_M150, "MK70F%s15" },
};


#define MDM_AP			1

#define MDM_REG_STAT		0x00
#define MDM_REG_CTRL		0x04
#define MDM_REG_ID		0xfc

#define MDM_STAT_FMEACK		(1<<0)
#define MDM_STAT_FREADY		(1<<1)
#define MDM_STAT_SYSSEC		(1<<2)
#define MDM_STAT_SYSRES		(1<<3)
#define MDM_STAT_FMEEN		(1<<5)
#define MDM_STAT_BACKDOOREN	(1<<6)
#define MDM_STAT_LPEN		(1<<7)
#define MDM_STAT_VLPEN		(1<<8)
#define MDM_STAT_LLSMODEXIT	(1<<9)
#define MDM_STAT_VLLSXMODEXIT	(1<<10)
#define MDM_STAT_CORE_HALTED	(1<<16)
#define MDM_STAT_CORE_SLEEPDEEP	(1<<17)
#define MDM_STAT_CORESLEEPING	(1<<18)

#define MDM_CTRL_FMEIP		(1<<0)
#define MDM_CTRL_DBG_DIS	(1<<1)
#define MDM_CTRL_DBG_REQ	(1<<2)
#define MDM_CTRL_SYS_RES_REQ	(1<<3)
#define MDM_CTRL_CORE_HOLD_RES	(1<<4)
#define MDM_CTRL_VLLSX_DBG_REQ	(1<<5)
#define MDM_CTRL_VLLSX_DBG_ACK	(1<<6)
#define MDM_CTRL_VLLSX_STAT_ACK	(1<<7)

#define MDM_ACCESS_TIMEOUT	500 /* msec */


static bool allow_fcf_writes;
static uint8_t fcf_fopt = 0xff;
static bool create_banks;


const struct flash_driver kinetis_flash;
static int kinetis_write_inner(struct flash_bank *bank, const uint8_t *buffer,
			uint32_t offset, uint32_t count);
static int kinetis_probe_chip(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip);
static int kinetis_probe_chip_s32k(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip);
static int kinetis_auto_probe(struct flash_bank *bank);


static int kinetis_mdm_write_register(struct adiv5_dap *dap, unsigned reg, uint32_t value)
{
	LOG_DEBUG("MDM_REG[0x%02x] <- %08" PRIX32, reg, value);

	struct adiv5_ap *ap = dap_get_ap(dap, MDM_AP);
	if (!ap) {
		LOG_DEBUG("MDM: failed to get AP");
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	int retval = dap_queue_ap_write(ap, reg, value);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_DEBUG("MDM: failed to queue a write request");
		dap_put_ap(ap);
		return retval;
	}

	retval = dap_run(dap);
	dap_put_ap(ap);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_DEBUG("MDM: dap_run failed");
		return retval;
	}


	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_mdm_read_register(struct adiv5_dap *dap, unsigned reg, uint32_t *result)
{
	struct adiv5_ap *ap = dap_get_ap(dap, MDM_AP);
	if (!ap) {
		LOG_DEBUG("MDM: failed to get AP");
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	int retval = dap_queue_ap_read(ap, reg, result);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_DEBUG("MDM: failed to queue a read request");
		dap_put_ap(ap);
		return retval;
	}

	retval = dap_run(dap);
	dap_put_ap(ap);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_DEBUG("MDM: dap_run failed");
		return retval;
	}

	LOG_DEBUG("MDM_REG[0x%02x]: %08" PRIX32, reg, *result);
	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_mdm_poll_register(struct adiv5_dap *dap, unsigned reg,
			uint32_t mask, uint32_t value, uint32_t timeout_ms)
{
	uint32_t val;
	int retval;
	int64_t ms_timeout = timeval_ms() + timeout_ms;

	do {
		retval = kinetis_mdm_read_register(dap, reg, &val);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK || (val & mask) == value)
			return retval;

		alive_sleep(1);
	} while (timeval_ms() < ms_timeout);

	LOG_DEBUG("MDM: polling timed out");
	return ERROR_FAIL;
}

/*
 * This command can be used to break a watchdog reset loop when
 * connecting to an unsecured target. Unlike other commands, halt will
 * automatically retry as it does not know how far into the boot process
 * it is when the command is called.
 */
COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_mdm_halt)
{
	struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
	struct cortex_m_common *cortex_m = target_to_cm(target);
	struct adiv5_dap *dap = cortex_m->armv7m.arm.dap;
	int retval;
	int tries = 0;
	uint32_t stat;
	int64_t ms_timeout = timeval_ms() + MDM_ACCESS_TIMEOUT;

	if (!dap) {
		LOG_ERROR("Cannot perform halt with a high-level adapter");
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	while (true) {
		tries++;

		kinetis_mdm_write_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, MDM_CTRL_CORE_HOLD_RES);

		alive_sleep(1);

		retval = kinetis_mdm_read_register(dap, MDM_REG_STAT, &stat);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
			LOG_DEBUG("MDM: failed to read MDM_REG_STAT");
			continue;
		}

		/* Repeat setting MDM_CTRL_CORE_HOLD_RES until system is out of
		 * reset with flash ready and without security
		 */
		if ((stat & (MDM_STAT_FREADY | MDM_STAT_SYSSEC | MDM_STAT_SYSRES))
				== (MDM_STAT_FREADY | MDM_STAT_SYSRES))
			break;

		if (timeval_ms() >= ms_timeout) {
			LOG_ERROR("MDM: halt timed out");
			return ERROR_FAIL;
		}
	}

	LOG_DEBUG("MDM: halt succeeded after %d attempts.", tries);

	target_poll(target);
	/* enable polling in case kinetis_check_flash_security_status disabled it */
	jtag_poll_set_enabled(true);

	alive_sleep(100);

	target->reset_halt = true;
	target->type->assert_reset(target);

	retval = kinetis_mdm_write_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, 0);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to clear MDM_REG_CTRL");
		return retval;
	}

	target->type->deassert_reset(target);

	return ERROR_OK;
}

COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_mdm_reset)
{
	struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
	struct cortex_m_common *cortex_m = target_to_cm(target);
	struct adiv5_dap *dap = cortex_m->armv7m.arm.dap;
	int retval;

	if (!dap) {
		LOG_ERROR("Cannot perform reset with a high-level adapter");
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	retval = kinetis_mdm_write_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, MDM_CTRL_SYS_RES_REQ);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to write MDM_REG_CTRL");
		return retval;
	}

	retval = kinetis_mdm_poll_register(dap, MDM_REG_STAT, MDM_STAT_SYSRES, 0, 500);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to assert reset");
		return retval;
	}

	retval = kinetis_mdm_write_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, 0);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to clear MDM_REG_CTRL");
		return retval;
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}

/*
 * This function implements the procedure to mass erase the flash via
 * SWD/JTAG on Kinetis K and L series of devices as it is described in
 * AN4835 "Production Flash Programming Best Practices for Kinetis K-
 * and L-series MCUs" Section 4.2.1. To prevent a watchdog reset loop,
 * the core remains halted after this function completes as suggested
 * by the application note.
 */
COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_mdm_mass_erase)
{
	struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
	struct cortex_m_common *cortex_m = target_to_cm(target);
	struct adiv5_dap *dap = cortex_m->armv7m.arm.dap;

	if (!dap) {
		LOG_ERROR("Cannot perform mass erase with a high-level adapter");
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	int retval;

	/*
	 * ... Power on the processor, or if power has already been
	 * applied, assert the RESET pin to reset the processor. For
	 * devices that do not have a RESET pin, write the System
	 * Reset Request bit in the MDM-AP control register after
	 * establishing communication...
	 */

	/* assert SRST if configured */
	bool has_srst = jtag_get_reset_config() & RESET_HAS_SRST;
	if (has_srst)
		adapter_assert_reset();

	retval = kinetis_mdm_write_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, MDM_CTRL_SYS_RES_REQ);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK && !has_srst) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to assert reset");
		goto deassert_reset_and_exit;
	}

	/*
	 * ... Read the MDM-AP status register repeatedly and wait for
	 * stable conditions suitable for mass erase:
	 * - mass erase is enabled
	 * - flash is ready
	 * - reset is finished
	 *
	 * Mass erase is started as soon as all conditions are met in 32
	 * subsequent status reads.
	 *
	 * In case of not stable conditions (RESET/WDOG loop in secured device)
	 * the user is asked for manual pressing of RESET button
	 * as a last resort.
	 */
	int cnt_mass_erase_disabled = 0;
	int cnt_ready = 0;
	int64_t ms_start = timeval_ms();
	bool man_reset_requested = false;

	do {
		uint32_t stat = 0;
		int64_t ms_elapsed = timeval_ms() - ms_start;

		if (!man_reset_requested && ms_elapsed > 100) {
			LOG_INFO("MDM: Press RESET button now if possible.");
			man_reset_requested = true;
		}

		if (ms_elapsed > 3000) {
			LOG_ERROR("MDM: waiting for mass erase conditions timed out.");
			LOG_INFO("Mass erase of a secured MCU is not possible without hardware reset.");
			LOG_INFO("Connect SRST, use 'reset_config srst_only' and retry.");
			goto deassert_reset_and_exit;
		}
		retval = kinetis_mdm_read_register(dap, MDM_REG_STAT, &stat);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
			cnt_ready = 0;
			continue;
		}

		if (!(stat & MDM_STAT_FMEEN)) {
			cnt_ready = 0;
			cnt_mass_erase_disabled++;
			if (cnt_mass_erase_disabled > 10) {
				LOG_ERROR("MDM: mass erase is disabled");
				goto deassert_reset_and_exit;
			}
			continue;
		}

		if ((stat & (MDM_STAT_FREADY | MDM_STAT_SYSRES)) == MDM_STAT_FREADY)
			cnt_ready++;
		else
			cnt_ready = 0;

	} while (cnt_ready < 32);

	/*
	 * ... Write the MDM-AP control register to set the Flash Mass
	 * Erase in Progress bit. This will start the mass erase
	 * process...
	 */
	retval = kinetis_mdm_write_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, MDM_CTRL_SYS_RES_REQ | MDM_CTRL_FMEIP);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to start mass erase");
		goto deassert_reset_and_exit;
	}

	/*
	 * ... Read the MDM-AP control register until the Flash Mass
	 * Erase in Progress bit clears...
	 * Data sheed defines erase time <3.6 sec/512kB flash block.
	 * The biggest device has 4 pflash blocks => timeout 16 sec.
	 */
	retval = kinetis_mdm_poll_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, MDM_CTRL_FMEIP, 0, 16000);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: mass erase timeout");
		goto deassert_reset_and_exit;
	}

	target_poll(target);
	/* enable polling in case kinetis_check_flash_security_status disabled it */
	jtag_poll_set_enabled(true);

	alive_sleep(100);

	target->reset_halt = true;
	target->type->assert_reset(target);

	/*
	 * ... Negate the RESET signal or clear the System Reset Request
	 * bit in the MDM-AP control register.
	 */
	retval = kinetis_mdm_write_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, 0);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to clear MDM_REG_CTRL");

	target->type->deassert_reset(target);

	return retval;

deassert_reset_and_exit:
	kinetis_mdm_write_register(dap, MDM_REG_CTRL, 0);
	if (has_srst)
		adapter_deassert_reset();
	return retval;
}

static const uint32_t kinetis_known_mdm_ids[] = {
	0x001C0000,	/* Kinetis-K Series */
	0x001C0020,	/* Kinetis-L/M/V/E Series */
	0x001C0030,	/* Kinetis with a Cortex-M7, in time of writing KV58 */
};

/*
 * This function implements the procedure to connect to
 * SWD/JTAG on Kinetis K and L series of devices as it is described in
 * AN4835 "Production Flash Programming Best Practices for Kinetis K-
 * and L-series MCUs" Section 4.1.1
 */
COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_check_flash_security_status)
{
	struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
	struct cortex_m_common *cortex_m = target_to_cm(target);
	struct adiv5_dap *dap = cortex_m->armv7m.arm.dap;

	if (!dap) {
		LOG_WARNING("Cannot check flash security status with a high-level adapter");
		return ERROR_OK;
	}

	if (!dap->ops)
		return ERROR_OK;	/* too early to check, in JTAG mode ops may not be initialised */

	uint32_t val;
	int retval;

	/*
	 * ... The MDM-AP ID register can be read to verify that the
	 * connection is working correctly...
	 */
	retval = kinetis_mdm_read_register(dap, MDM_REG_ID, &val);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to read ID register");
		return ERROR_OK;
	}

	if (val == 0)
		return ERROR_OK;	/* dap not yet initialised */

	bool found = false;
	for (size_t i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(kinetis_known_mdm_ids); i++) {
		if (val == kinetis_known_mdm_ids[i]) {
			found = true;
			break;
		}
	}

	if (!found)
		LOG_WARNING("MDM: unknown ID %08" PRIX32, val);

	/*
	 * ... Read the System Security bit to determine if security is enabled.
	 * If System Security = 0, then proceed. If System Security = 1, then
	 * communication with the internals of the processor, including the
	 * flash, will not be possible without issuing a mass erase command or
	 * unsecuring the part through other means (backdoor key unlock)...
	 */
	retval = kinetis_mdm_read_register(dap, MDM_REG_STAT, &val);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to read MDM_REG_STAT");
		return ERROR_OK;
	}

	/*
	 * System Security bit is also active for short time during reset.
	 * If a MCU has blank flash and runs in RESET/WDOG loop,
	 * System Security bit is active most of time!
	 * We should observe Flash Ready bit and read status several times
	 * to avoid false detection of secured MCU
	 */
	int secured_score = 0, flash_not_ready_score = 0;

	if ((val & (MDM_STAT_SYSSEC | MDM_STAT_FREADY)) != MDM_STAT_FREADY) {
		uint32_t stats[32];
		struct adiv5_ap *ap = dap_get_ap(dap, MDM_AP);
		if (!ap) {
			LOG_ERROR("MDM: failed to get AP");
			return ERROR_OK;
		}

		for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
			stats[i] = MDM_STAT_FREADY;
			dap_queue_ap_read(ap, MDM_REG_STAT, &stats[i]);
		}
		retval = dap_run(dap);
		dap_put_ap(ap);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
			LOG_DEBUG("MDM: dap_run failed when validating secured state");
			return ERROR_OK;
		}
		for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
			if (stats[i] & MDM_STAT_SYSSEC)
				secured_score++;
			if (!(stats[i] & MDM_STAT_FREADY))
				flash_not_ready_score++;
		}
	}

	if (flash_not_ready_score <= 8 && secured_score > 24) {
		jtag_poll_set_enabled(false);

		LOG_WARNING("*********** ATTENTION! ATTENTION! ATTENTION! ATTENTION! **********");
		LOG_WARNING("****                                                          ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** Your Kinetis MCU is in secured state, which means that,  ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** with exception for very basic communication, JTAG/SWD    ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** interface will NOT work. In order to restore its         ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** functionality please issue 'kinetis mdm mass_erase'      ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** command, power cycle the MCU and restart OpenOCD.        ****");
		LOG_WARNING("****                                                          ****");
		LOG_WARNING("*********** ATTENTION! ATTENTION! ATTENTION! ATTENTION! **********");

	} else if (flash_not_ready_score > 24) {
		jtag_poll_set_enabled(false);
		LOG_WARNING("**** Your Kinetis MCU is probably locked-up in RESET/WDOG loop. ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** Common reason is a blank flash (at least a reset vector).  ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** Issue 'kinetis mdm halt' command or if SRST is connected   ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** and configured, use 'reset halt'                           ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** If MCU cannot be halted, it is likely secured and running  ****");
		LOG_WARNING("**** in RESET/WDOG loop. Issue 'kinetis mdm mass_erase'         ****");

	} else {
		LOG_INFO("MDM: Chip is unsecured. Continuing.");
		jtag_poll_set_enabled(true);
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}


static struct kinetis_chip *kinetis_get_chip(struct target *target)
{
	struct flash_bank *bank_iter;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank;

	/* iterate over all kinetis banks */
	for (bank_iter = flash_bank_list(); bank_iter; bank_iter = bank_iter->next) {
		if (bank_iter->driver != &kinetis_flash
		    || bank_iter->target != target)
			continue;

		k_bank = bank_iter->driver_priv;
		if (!k_bank)
			continue;

		if (k_bank->k_chip)
			return k_bank->k_chip;
	}
	return NULL;
}

static int kinetis_chip_options(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip, int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
		if (strcmp(argv[i], "-sim-base") == 0) {
			if (i + 1 < argc)
				k_chip->sim_base = strtoul(argv[++i], NULL, 0);
		} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-s32k") == 0) {
			k_chip->chip_type = CT_S32K;
		} else
			LOG_ERROR("Unsupported flash bank option %s", argv[i]);
	}
	return ERROR_OK;
}

FLASH_BANK_COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_flash_bank_command)
{
	struct target *target = bank->target;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank;
	int retval;

	if (CMD_ARGC < 6)
		return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;

	LOG_INFO("add flash_bank kinetis %s", bank->name);

	k_chip = kinetis_get_chip(target);

	if (!k_chip) {
		k_chip = calloc(sizeof(struct kinetis_chip), 1);
		if (!k_chip) {
			LOG_ERROR("No memory");
			return ERROR_FAIL;
		}

		k_chip->target = target;

		/* only the first defined bank can define chip options */
		retval = kinetis_chip_options(k_chip, CMD_ARGC - 6, CMD_ARGV + 6);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;
	}

	if (k_chip->num_banks >= KINETIS_MAX_BANKS) {
		LOG_ERROR("Only %u Kinetis flash banks are supported", KINETIS_MAX_BANKS);
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	bank->driver_priv = k_bank = &(k_chip->banks[k_chip->num_banks]);
	k_bank->k_chip = k_chip;
	k_bank->bank_number = k_chip->num_banks;
	k_bank->bank = bank;
	k_chip->num_banks++;

	return ERROR_OK;
}


static void kinetis_free_driver_priv(struct flash_bank *bank)
{
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	if (!k_bank)
		return;

	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;
	if (!k_chip)
		return;

	k_chip->num_banks--;
	if (k_chip->num_banks == 0)
		free(k_chip);
}


static int kinetis_create_missing_banks(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip)
{
	unsigned num_blocks;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank;
	struct flash_bank *bank;
	char base_name[69], name[87], num[11];
	char *class, *p;

	num_blocks = k_chip->num_pflash_blocks + k_chip->num_nvm_blocks;
	if (num_blocks > KINETIS_MAX_BANKS) {
		LOG_ERROR("Only %u Kinetis flash banks are supported", KINETIS_MAX_BANKS);
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	bank = k_chip->banks[0].bank;
	if (bank && bank->name) {
		strncpy(base_name, bank->name, sizeof(base_name) - 1);
		base_name[sizeof(base_name) - 1] = '\0';
		p = strstr(base_name, ".pflash");
		if (p) {
			*p = '\0';
			if (k_chip->num_pflash_blocks > 1) {
				/* rename first bank if numbering is needed */
				snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.pflash0", base_name);
				free(bank->name);
				bank->name = strdup(name);
			}
		}
	} else {
		strncpy(base_name, target_name(k_chip->target), sizeof(base_name) - 1);
		base_name[sizeof(base_name) - 1] = '\0';
		p = strstr(base_name, ".cpu");
		if (p)
			*p = '\0';
	}

	for (unsigned int bank_idx = 1; bank_idx < num_blocks; bank_idx++) {
		k_bank = &(k_chip->banks[bank_idx]);
		bank = k_bank->bank;

		if (bank)
			continue;

		num[0] = '\0';

		if (bank_idx < k_chip->num_pflash_blocks) {
			class = "pflash";
			if (k_chip->num_pflash_blocks > 1)
				snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%u", bank_idx);
		} else {
			class = "flexnvm";
			if (k_chip->num_nvm_blocks > 1)
				snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%u",
					 bank_idx - k_chip->num_pflash_blocks);
		}

		bank = calloc(sizeof(struct flash_bank), 1);
		if (!bank)
			return ERROR_FAIL;

		bank->target = k_chip->target;
		bank->driver = &kinetis_flash;
		bank->default_padded_value = bank->erased_value = 0xff;

		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.%s%s",
			 base_name, class, num);
		bank->name = strdup(name);

		bank->driver_priv = k_bank = &(k_chip->banks[k_chip->num_banks]);
		k_bank->k_chip = k_chip;
		k_bank->bank_number = bank_idx;
		k_bank->bank = bank;
		if (k_chip->num_banks <= bank_idx)
			k_chip->num_banks = bank_idx + 1;

		flash_bank_add(bank);
	}
	return ERROR_OK;
}


static int kinetis_disable_wdog_algo(struct target *target, size_t code_size, const uint8_t *code, uint32_t wdog_base)
{
	struct working_area *wdog_algorithm;
	struct armv7m_algorithm armv7m_info;
	struct reg_param reg_params[1];
	int retval;

	if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
		LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
		return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
	}

	retval = target_alloc_working_area(target, code_size, &wdog_algorithm);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	retval = target_write_buffer(target, wdog_algorithm->address,
			code_size, code);
	if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
		armv7m_info.common_magic = ARMV7M_COMMON_MAGIC;
		armv7m_info.core_mode = ARM_MODE_THREAD;

		init_reg_param(&reg_params[0], "r0", 32, PARAM_OUT);
		buf_set_u32(reg_params[0].value, 0, 32, wdog_base);

		retval = target_run_algorithm(target, 0, NULL, 1, reg_params,
			wdog_algorithm->address,
			wdog_algorithm->address + code_size - 2,
			500, &armv7m_info);

		destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[0]);

		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			LOG_ERROR("Error executing Kinetis WDOG unlock algorithm");
	}

	target_free_working_area(target, wdog_algorithm);

	return retval;
}

/* Disable the watchdog on Kinetis devices
 * Standard Kx WDOG peripheral checks timing and therefore requires to run algo.
 */
static int kinetis_disable_wdog_kx(struct target *target)
{
	const uint32_t wdog_base = WDOG_BASE;
	uint16_t wdog;
	int retval;

	static const uint8_t kinetis_unlock_wdog_code[] = {
#include "../../../contrib/loaders/watchdog/armv7m_kinetis_wdog.inc"
	};

	retval = target_read_u16(target, wdog_base + WDOG_STCTRLH_OFFSET, &wdog);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	if ((wdog & 0x1) == 0) {
		/* watchdog already disabled */
		return ERROR_OK;
	}
	LOG_INFO("Disabling Kinetis watchdog (initial WDOG_STCTRLH = 0x%04" PRIx16 ")", wdog);

	retval = kinetis_disable_wdog_algo(target, sizeof(kinetis_unlock_wdog_code), kinetis_unlock_wdog_code, wdog_base);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	retval = target_read_u16(target, wdog_base + WDOG_STCTRLH_OFFSET, &wdog);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	LOG_INFO("WDOG_STCTRLH = 0x%04" PRIx16, wdog);
	return (wdog & 0x1) ? ERROR_FAIL : ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_disable_wdog32(struct target *target, uint32_t wdog_base)
{
	uint32_t wdog_cs;
	int retval;

	static const uint8_t kinetis_unlock_wdog_code[] = {
#include "../../../contrib/loaders/watchdog/armv7m_kinetis_wdog32.inc"
	};

	retval = target_read_u32(target, wdog_base + WDOG32_CS_OFFSET, &wdog_cs);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	if ((wdog_cs & 0x80) == 0)
		return ERROR_OK; /* watchdog already disabled */

	LOG_INFO("Disabling Kinetis watchdog (initial WDOG_CS 0x%08" PRIx32 ")", wdog_cs);

	retval = kinetis_disable_wdog_algo(target, sizeof(kinetis_unlock_wdog_code), kinetis_unlock_wdog_code, wdog_base);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	retval = target_read_u32(target, wdog_base + WDOG32_CS_OFFSET, &wdog_cs);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	if ((wdog_cs & 0x80) == 0)
		return ERROR_OK; /* watchdog disabled successfully */

	LOG_ERROR("Cannot disable Kinetis watchdog (WDOG_CS 0x%08" PRIx32 "), issue 'reset init'", wdog_cs);
	return ERROR_FAIL;
}

static int kinetis_disable_wdog(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip)
{
	struct target *target = k_chip->target;
	uint8_t sim_copc;
	int retval;

	if (!k_chip->probed) {
		switch (k_chip->chip_type) {
		case CT_S32K:
			retval = kinetis_probe_chip_s32k(k_chip);
			break;
		default:
			retval = kinetis_probe_chip(k_chip);
		}
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;
	}

	switch (k_chip->watchdog_type) {
	case KINETIS_WDOG_K:
		return kinetis_disable_wdog_kx(target);

	case KINETIS_WDOG_COP:
		retval = target_read_u8(target, SIM_COPC, &sim_copc);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;

		if ((sim_copc & 0xc) == 0)
			return ERROR_OK; /* watchdog already disabled */

		LOG_INFO("Disabling Kinetis watchdog (initial SIM_COPC 0x%02" PRIx8 ")", sim_copc);
		retval = target_write_u8(target, SIM_COPC, sim_copc & ~0xc);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;

		retval = target_read_u8(target, SIM_COPC, &sim_copc);
		if (retval != ERROR_OK)
			return retval;

		if ((sim_copc & 0xc) == 0)
			return ERROR_OK; /* watchdog disabled successfully */

		LOG_ERROR("Cannot disable Kinetis watchdog (SIM_COPC 0x%02" PRIx8 "), issue 'reset init'", sim_copc);
		return ERROR_FAIL;

	case KINETIS_WDOG32_KE1X:
		return kinetis_disable_wdog32(target, WDOG32_KE1X);

	case KINETIS_WDOG32_KL28:
		return kinetis_disable_wdog32(target, WDOG32_KL28);

	default:
		return ERROR_OK;
	}
}

COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_disable_wdog_handler)
{
	int result;
	struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = kinetis_get_chip(target);

	if (!k_chip)
		return ERROR_FAIL;

	if (CMD_ARGC > 0)
		return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;

	result = kinetis_disable_wdog(k_chip);
	return result;
}


static int kinetis_ftfx_decode_error(uint8_t fstat)
{
	if (fstat & 0x20) {
		LOG_ERROR("Flash operation failed, illegal command");
		return ERROR_FLASH_OPER_UNSUPPORTED;

	} else if (fstat & 0x10)
		LOG_ERROR("Flash operation failed, protection violated");

	else if (fstat & 0x40)
		LOG_ERROR("Flash operation failed, read collision");

	else if (fstat & 0x80)
		return ERROR_OK;

	else
		LOG_ERROR("Flash operation timed out");

	return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
}

static int kinetis_ftfx_clear_error(struct target *target)
{
	/* reset error flags */
	return target_write_u8(target, FTFX_FSTAT, 0x70);
}


static int kinetis_ftfx_prepare(struct target *target)
{
	int result;
	uint8_t fstat;

	/* wait until busy */
	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
		result = target_read_u8(target, FTFX_FSTAT, &fstat);
		if (result != ERROR_OK)
			return result;

		if (fstat & 0x80)
			break;
	}

	if ((fstat & 0x80) == 0) {
		LOG_ERROR("Flash controller is busy");
		return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
	}
	if (fstat != 0x80) {
		/* reset error flags */
		result = kinetis_ftfx_clear_error(target);
	}
	return result;
}

/* Kinetis Program-LongWord Microcodes */
static const uint8_t kinetis_flash_write_code[] = {
#include "../../../contrib/loaders/flash/kinetis/kinetis_flash.inc"
};

/* Program LongWord Block Write */
static int kinetis_write_block(struct flash_bank *bank, const uint8_t *buffer,
		uint32_t offset, uint32_t wcount)
{
	struct target *target = bank->target;
	uint32_t buffer_size;
	struct working_area *write_algorithm;
	struct working_area *source;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	uint32_t address = k_bank->prog_base + offset;
	uint32_t end_address;
	struct reg_param reg_params[5];
	struct armv7m_algorithm armv7m_info;
	int retval;
	uint8_t fstat;

	/* allocate working area with flash programming code */
	if (target_alloc_working_area(target, sizeof(kinetis_flash_write_code),
			&write_algorithm) != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_WARNING("no working area available, can't do block memory writes");
		return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
	}

	retval = target_write_buffer(target, write_algorithm->address,
		sizeof(kinetis_flash_write_code), kinetis_flash_write_code);
	if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		return retval;

	/* memory buffer, size *must* be multiple of word */
	buffer_size = target_get_working_area_avail(target) & ~(sizeof(uint32_t) - 1);
	if (buffer_size < 256) {
		LOG_WARNING("large enough working area not available, can't do block memory writes");
		return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
	} else if (buffer_size > 16384) {
		/* probably won't benefit from more than 16k ... */
		buffer_size = 16384;
	}

	if (target_alloc_working_area(target, buffer_size, &source) != ERROR_OK) {
		LOG_ERROR("allocating working area failed");
		return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
	}

	armv7m_info.common_magic = ARMV7M_COMMON_MAGIC;
	armv7m_info.core_mode = ARM_MODE_THREAD;

	init_reg_param(&reg_params[0], "r0", 32, PARAM_IN_OUT); /* address */
	init_reg_param(&reg_params[1], "r1", 32, PARAM_OUT); /* word count */
	init_reg_param(&reg_params[2], "r2", 32, PARAM_OUT);
	init_reg_param(&reg_params[3], "r3", 32, PARAM_OUT);
	init_reg_param(&reg_params[4], "r4", 32, PARAM_OUT);

	buf_set_u32(reg_params[0].value, 0, 32, address);
	buf_set_u32(reg_params[1].value, 0, 32, wcount);
	buf_set_u32(reg_params[2].value, 0, 32, source->address);
	buf_set_u32(reg_params[3].value, 0, 32, source->address + source->size);
	buf_set_u32(reg_params[4].value, 0, 32, FTFX_FSTAT);

	retval = target_run_flash_async_algorithm(target, buffer, wcount, 4,
						0, NULL,
						5, reg_params,
						source->address, source->size,
						write_algorithm->address, 0,
						&armv7m_info);

	if (retval == ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED) {
		end_address = buf_get_u32(reg_params[0].value, 0, 32);

		LOG_ERROR("Error writing flash at %08" PRIx32, end_address);

		retval = target_read_u8(target, FTFX_FSTAT, &fstat);
		if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
			retval = kinetis_ftfx_decode_error(fstat);

			/* reset error flags */
			target_write_u8(target, FTFX_FSTAT, 0x70);
		}
	} else if (retval != ERROR_OK)
		LOG_ERROR("Error executing kinetis Flash programming algorithm");

	target_free_working_area(target, source);
	target_free_working_area(target, write_algorithm);

	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[0]);
	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[1]);
	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[2]);
	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[3]);
	destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[4]);

	return retval;
}

static int kinetis_protect(struct flash_bank *bank, int set, unsigned int first,
		unsigned int last)
{
	if (allow_fcf_writes) {
		LOG_ERROR("Protection setting is possible with 'kinetis fcf_source protection' only!");
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	if (!bank->prot_blocks || bank->num_prot_blocks == 0) {
		LOG_ERROR("No protection possible for current bank!");
		return ERROR_FLASH_BANK_INVALID;
	}

	for (unsigned int i = first; i < bank->num_prot_blocks && i <= last; i++)
		bank->prot_blocks[i].is_protected = set;

	LOG_INFO("Protection bits will be written at the next FCF sector erase or write.");
	LOG_INFO("Do not issue 'flash info' command until protection is written,");
	LOG_INFO("doing so would re-read protection status from MCU.");

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_protect_check(struct flash_bank *bank)
{
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	int result;
	int b;
	uint32_t fprot;

	if (k_bank->flash_class == FC_PFLASH) {

		/* read protection register */
		result = target_read_u32(bank->target, FTFX_FPROT3, &fprot);
		if (result != ERROR_OK)
			return result;

		/* Every bit protects 1/32 of the full flash (not necessarily just this bank) */

	} else if (k_bank->flash_class == FC_FLEX_NVM) {
		uint8_t fdprot;

		/* read protection register */
		result = target_read_u8(bank->target, FTFX_FDPROT, &fdprot);
		if (result != ERROR_OK)
			return result;

		fprot = fdprot;

	} else {
		LOG_ERROR("Protection checks for FlexRAM not supported");
		return ERROR_FLASH_BANK_INVALID;
	}

	b = k_bank->protection_block;
	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bank->num_prot_blocks; i++) {
		if ((fprot >> b) & 1)
			bank->prot_blocks[i].is_protected = 0;
		else
			bank->prot_blocks[i].is_protected = 1;

		b++;
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}


static int kinetis_fill_fcf(struct flash_bank *bank, uint8_t *fcf)
{
	uint32_t fprot = 0xffffffff;
	uint8_t fsec = 0xfe;		 /* set MCU unsecure */
	uint8_t fdprot = 0xff;
	unsigned num_blocks;
	uint32_t pflash_bit;
	uint8_t dflash_bit;
	struct flash_bank *bank_iter;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;

	memset(fcf, 0xff, FCF_SIZE);

	pflash_bit = 1;
	dflash_bit = 1;

	/* iterate over all kinetis banks */
	/* current bank is bank 0, it contains FCF */
	num_blocks = k_chip->num_pflash_blocks + k_chip->num_nvm_blocks;
	for (unsigned int bank_idx = 0; bank_idx < num_blocks; bank_idx++) {
		k_bank = &(k_chip->banks[bank_idx]);
		bank_iter = k_bank->bank;

		if (!bank_iter) {
			LOG_WARNING("Missing bank %u configuration, FCF protection flags may be incomplete", bank_idx);
			continue;
		}

		kinetis_auto_probe(bank_iter);

		assert(bank_iter->prot_blocks);

		if (k_bank->flash_class == FC_PFLASH) {
			for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bank_iter->num_prot_blocks; i++) {
				if (bank_iter->prot_blocks[i].is_protected == 1)
					fprot &= ~pflash_bit;

				pflash_bit <<= 1;
			}

		} else if (k_bank->flash_class == FC_FLEX_NVM) {
			for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bank_iter->num_prot_blocks; i++) {
				if (bank_iter->prot_blocks[i].is_protected == 1)
					fdprot &= ~dflash_bit;

				dflash_bit <<= 1;
			}

		}
	}

	target_buffer_set_u32(bank->target, fcf + FCF_FPROT, fprot);
	fcf[FCF_FSEC] = fsec;
	fcf[FCF_FOPT] = fcf_fopt;
	fcf[FCF_FDPROT] = fdprot;
	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_ftfx_command(struct target *target, uint8_t fcmd, uint32_t faddr,
				uint8_t fccob4, uint8_t fccob5, uint8_t fccob6, uint8_t fccob7,
				uint8_t fccob8, uint8_t fccob9, uint8_t fccoba, uint8_t fccobb,
				uint8_t *ftfx_fstat)
{
	uint8_t command[12] = {faddr & 0xff, (faddr >> 8) & 0xff, (faddr >> 16) & 0xff, fcmd,
			fccob7, fccob6, fccob5, fccob4,
			fccobb, fccoba, fccob9, fccob8};
	int result;
	uint8_t fstat;
	int64_t ms_timeout = timeval_ms() + 250;

	result = target_write_memory(target, FTFX_FCCOB3, 4, 3, command);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	/* start command */
	result = target_write_u8(target, FTFX_FSTAT, 0x80);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	/* wait for done */
	do {
		result = target_read_u8(target, FTFX_FSTAT, &fstat);

		if (result != ERROR_OK)
			return result;

		if (fstat & 0x80)
			break;

	} while (timeval_ms() < ms_timeout);

	if (ftfx_fstat)
		*ftfx_fstat = fstat;

	if ((fstat & 0xf0) != 0x80) {
		LOG_DEBUG("ftfx command failed FSTAT: %02X FCCOB: %02X%02X%02X%02X %02X%02X%02X%02X %02X%02X%02X%02X",
			 fstat, command[3], command[2], command[1], command[0],
			 command[7], command[6], command[5], command[4],
			 command[11], command[10], command[9], command[8]);

		return kinetis_ftfx_decode_error(fstat);
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}


static int kinetis_read_pmstat(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip, uint8_t *pmstat)
{
	int result;
	uint32_t stat32;
	struct target *target = k_chip->target;

	switch (k_chip->sysmodectrlr_type) {
	case KINETIS_SMC:
		result = target_read_u8(target, SMC_PMSTAT, pmstat);
		return result;

	case KINETIS_SMC32:
		result = target_read_u32(target, SMC32_PMSTAT, &stat32);
		if (result == ERROR_OK)
			*pmstat = stat32 & 0xff;
		return result;

	case KINETIS_MC:
		/* emulate SMC by reading PMC_REGSC bit 3 (VLPRS) */
		result = target_read_u8(target, PMC_REGSC, pmstat);
		if (result == ERROR_OK) {
			if (*pmstat & 0x08)
				*pmstat = PM_STAT_VLPR;
			else
				*pmstat = PM_STAT_RUN;
		}
		return result;
	}
	return ERROR_FAIL;
}

static int kinetis_check_run_mode(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip)
{
	int result;
	uint8_t pmstat;
	struct target *target;

	if (!k_chip) {
		LOG_ERROR("Chip not probed.");
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}
	target = k_chip->target;

	if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
		LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
		return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
	}

	result = kinetis_read_pmstat(k_chip, &pmstat);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	if (pmstat == PM_STAT_RUN)
		return ERROR_OK;

	if (pmstat == PM_STAT_VLPR) {
		/* It is safe to switch from VLPR to RUN mode without changing clock */
		LOG_INFO("Switching from VLPR to RUN mode.");

		switch (k_chip->sysmodectrlr_type) {
		case KINETIS_SMC:
			result = target_write_u8(target, SMC_PMCTRL, PM_CTRL_RUNM_RUN);
			break;

		case KINETIS_SMC32:
			result = target_write_u32(target, SMC32_PMCTRL, PM_CTRL_RUNM_RUN);
			break;

		case KINETIS_MC:
			result = target_write_u32(target, MC_PMCTRL, PM_CTRL_RUNM_RUN);
			break;
		}
		if (result != ERROR_OK)
			return result;

		for (unsigned int i = 100; i > 0; i--) {
			result = kinetis_read_pmstat(k_chip, &pmstat);
			if (result != ERROR_OK)
				return result;

			if (pmstat == PM_STAT_RUN)
				return ERROR_OK;
		}
	}

	LOG_ERROR("Flash operation not possible in current run mode: SMC_PMSTAT: 0x%x", pmstat);
	LOG_ERROR("Issue a 'reset init' command.");
	return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
}


static void kinetis_invalidate_flash_cache(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip)
{
	struct target *target = k_chip->target;

	switch (k_chip->cache_type) {
	case KINETIS_CACHE_K:
		target_write_u8(target, FMC_PFB01CR + 2, 0xf0);
		/* Set CINV_WAY bits - request invalidate of all cache ways */
		/* FMC_PFB0CR has same address and CINV_WAY bits as FMC_PFB01CR */
		break;

	case KINETIS_CACHE_L:
		target_write_u8(target, MCM_PLACR + 1, 0x04);
		/* set bit CFCC - Clear Flash Controller Cache */
		break;

	case KINETIS_CACHE_MSCM:
		target_write_u32(target, MSCM_OCMDR0, 0x30);
		/* disable data prefetch and flash speculate */
		break;

	case KINETIS_CACHE_MSCM2:
		target_write_u32(target, MSCM_OCMDR0, 0x30);
		target_write_u32(target, MSCM_OCMDR1, 0x30);
		/* disable data prefetch and flash speculate */
		break;

	default:
		break;
	}
}


static int kinetis_erase(struct flash_bank *bank, unsigned int first,
		unsigned int last)
{
	int result;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;

	result = kinetis_check_run_mode(k_chip);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	/* reset error flags */
	result = kinetis_ftfx_prepare(bank->target);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	if ((first > bank->num_sectors) || (last > bank->num_sectors))
		return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;

	/*
	 * FIXME: TODO: use the 'Erase Flash Block' command if the
	 * requested erase is PFlash or NVM and encompasses the entire
	 * block.  Should be quicker.
	 */
	for (unsigned int i = first; i <= last; i++) {
		/* set command and sector address */
		result = kinetis_ftfx_command(bank->target, FTFX_CMD_SECTERASE, k_bank->prog_base + bank->sectors[i].offset,
				0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0,  NULL);

		if (result != ERROR_OK) {
			LOG_WARNING("erase sector %u failed", i);
			return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
		}

		if (k_bank->prog_base == 0
			&& bank->sectors[i].offset <= FCF_ADDRESS
			&& bank->sectors[i].offset + bank->sectors[i].size > FCF_ADDRESS + FCF_SIZE) {
			if (allow_fcf_writes) {
				LOG_WARNING("Flash Configuration Field erased, DO NOT reset or power off the device");
				LOG_WARNING("until correct FCF is programmed or MCU gets security lock.");
			} else {
				uint8_t fcf_buffer[FCF_SIZE];

				kinetis_fill_fcf(bank, fcf_buffer);
				result = kinetis_write_inner(bank, fcf_buffer, FCF_ADDRESS, FCF_SIZE);
				if (result != ERROR_OK)
					LOG_WARNING("Flash Configuration Field write failed");
				else
					LOG_DEBUG("Generated FCF written");
			}
		}
	}

	kinetis_invalidate_flash_cache(k_bank->k_chip);

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_make_ram_ready(struct target *target)
{
	int result;
	uint8_t ftfx_fcnfg;

	/* check if ram ready */
	result = target_read_u8(target, FTFX_FCNFG, &ftfx_fcnfg);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	if (ftfx_fcnfg & (1 << 1))
		return ERROR_OK;	/* ram ready */

	/* make flex ram available */
	result = kinetis_ftfx_command(target, FTFX_CMD_SETFLEXRAM, 0x00ff0000,
				 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0,  NULL);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;

	/* check again */
	result = target_read_u8(target, FTFX_FCNFG, &ftfx_fcnfg);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	if (ftfx_fcnfg & (1 << 1))
		return ERROR_OK;	/* ram ready */

	return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
}


static int kinetis_write_sections(struct flash_bank *bank, const uint8_t *buffer,
			 uint32_t offset, uint32_t count)
{
	int result = ERROR_OK;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;
	uint8_t *buffer_aligned = NULL;
	/*
	 * Kinetis uses different terms for the granularity of
	 * sector writes, e.g. "phrase" or "128 bits".  We use
	 * the generic term "chunk". The largest possible
	 * Kinetis "chunk" is 16 bytes (128 bits).
	 */
	uint32_t prog_section_chunk_bytes = k_bank->sector_size >> 8;
	uint32_t prog_size_bytes = k_chip->max_flash_prog_size;

	while (count > 0) {
		uint32_t size = prog_size_bytes - offset % prog_size_bytes;
		uint32_t align_begin = offset % prog_section_chunk_bytes;
		uint32_t align_end;
		uint32_t size_aligned;
		uint16_t chunk_count;
		uint8_t ftfx_fstat;

		if (size > count)
			size = count;

		align_end = (align_begin + size) % prog_section_chunk_bytes;
		if (align_end)
			align_end = prog_section_chunk_bytes - align_end;

		size_aligned = align_begin + size + align_end;
		chunk_count = size_aligned / prog_section_chunk_bytes;

		if (size != size_aligned) {
			/* aligned section: the first, the last or the only */
			if (!buffer_aligned)
				buffer_aligned = malloc(prog_size_bytes);

			memset(buffer_aligned, 0xff, size_aligned);
			memcpy(buffer_aligned + align_begin, buffer, size);

			result = target_write_memory(bank->target, k_chip->progr_accel_ram,
						4, size_aligned / 4, buffer_aligned);

			LOG_DEBUG("section @ " TARGET_ADDR_FMT " aligned begin %" PRIu32
					", end %" PRIu32,
					bank->base + offset, align_begin, align_end);
		} else
			result = target_write_memory(bank->target, k_chip->progr_accel_ram,
						4, size_aligned / 4, buffer);

		LOG_DEBUG("write section @ " TARGET_ADDR_FMT " with length %" PRIu32
				" bytes",
			  bank->base + offset, size);

		if (result != ERROR_OK) {
			LOG_ERROR("target_write_memory failed");
			break;
		}

		/* execute section-write command */
		result = kinetis_ftfx_command(bank->target, FTFX_CMD_SECTWRITE,
				k_bank->prog_base + offset - align_begin,
				chunk_count>>8, chunk_count, 0, 0,
				0, 0, 0, 0,  &ftfx_fstat);

		if (result != ERROR_OK) {
			LOG_ERROR("Error writing section at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
					bank->base + offset);
			break;
		}

		if (ftfx_fstat & 0x01) {
			LOG_ERROR("Flash write error at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
					bank->base + offset);
			if (k_bank->prog_base == 0 && offset == FCF_ADDRESS + FCF_SIZE
					&& (k_chip->flash_support & FS_WIDTH_256BIT)) {
				LOG_ERROR("Flash write immediately after the end of Flash Config Field shows error");
				LOG_ERROR("because the flash memory is 256 bits wide (data were written correctly).");
				LOG_ERROR("Either change the linker script to add a gap of 16 bytes after FCF");
				LOG_ERROR("or set 'kinetis fcf_source write'");
			}
		}

		buffer += size;
		offset += size;
		count -= size;

		keep_alive();
	}

	free(buffer_aligned);
	return result;
}


static int kinetis_write_inner(struct flash_bank *bank, const uint8_t *buffer,
			 uint32_t offset, uint32_t count)
{
	int result;
	bool fallback = false;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;

	if (!(k_chip->flash_support & FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR)) {
		/* fallback to longword write */
		fallback = true;
		LOG_INFO("This device supports Program Longword execution only.");
	} else {
		result = kinetis_make_ram_ready(bank->target);
		if (result != ERROR_OK) {
			fallback = true;
			LOG_WARNING("FlexRAM not ready, fallback to slow longword write.");
		}
	}

	LOG_DEBUG("flash write @ " TARGET_ADDR_FMT, bank->base + offset);

	if (!fallback) {
		/* program section command */
		kinetis_write_sections(bank, buffer, offset, count);
	} else if (k_chip->flash_support & FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD) {
		/* program longword command, not supported in FTFE */
		uint8_t *new_buffer = NULL;

		/* check word alignment */
		if (offset & 0x3) {
			LOG_ERROR("offset 0x%" PRIx32 " breaks the required alignment", offset);
			return ERROR_FLASH_DST_BREAKS_ALIGNMENT;
		}

		if (count & 0x3) {
			uint32_t old_count = count;
			count = (old_count | 3) + 1;
			new_buffer = malloc(count);
			if (!new_buffer) {
				LOG_ERROR("odd number of bytes to write and no memory "
					"for padding buffer");
				return ERROR_FAIL;
			}
			LOG_INFO("odd number of bytes to write (%" PRIu32 "), extending to %" PRIu32 " "
				"and padding with 0xff", old_count, count);
			memset(new_buffer + old_count, 0xff, count - old_count);
			buffer = memcpy(new_buffer, buffer, old_count);
		}

		uint32_t words_remaining = count / 4;

		kinetis_disable_wdog(k_chip);

		/* try using a block write */
		result = kinetis_write_block(bank, buffer, offset, words_remaining);

		if (result == ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE) {
			/* if block write failed (no sufficient working area),
			 * we use normal (slow) single word accesses */
			LOG_WARNING("couldn't use block writes, falling back to single "
				"memory accesses");

			while (words_remaining) {
				uint8_t ftfx_fstat;

				LOG_DEBUG("write longword @ %08" PRIx32, (uint32_t)(bank->base + offset));

				result = kinetis_ftfx_command(bank->target, FTFX_CMD_LWORDPROG, k_bank->prog_base + offset,
						buffer[3], buffer[2], buffer[1], buffer[0],
						0, 0, 0, 0,  &ftfx_fstat);

				if (result != ERROR_OK) {
					LOG_ERROR("Error writing longword at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
							bank->base + offset);
					break;
				}

				if (ftfx_fstat & 0x01)
					LOG_ERROR("Flash write error at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
							bank->base + offset);

				buffer += 4;
				offset += 4;
				words_remaining--;

				keep_alive();
			}
		}
		free(new_buffer);
	} else {
		LOG_ERROR("Flash write strategy not implemented");
		return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
	}

	kinetis_invalidate_flash_cache(k_chip);
	return result;
}


static int kinetis_write(struct flash_bank *bank, const uint8_t *buffer,
			 uint32_t offset, uint32_t count)
{
	int result;
	bool set_fcf = false;
	bool fcf_in_data_valid = false;
	bool fcf_differs = false;
	int sect = 0;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;
	uint8_t fcf_buffer[FCF_SIZE];
	uint8_t fcf_current[FCF_SIZE];
	uint8_t fcf_in_data[FCF_SIZE];

	result = kinetis_check_run_mode(k_chip);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	/* reset error flags */
	result = kinetis_ftfx_prepare(bank->target);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	if (k_bank->prog_base == 0 && !allow_fcf_writes) {
		if (bank->sectors[1].offset <= FCF_ADDRESS)
			sect = 1;	/* 1kb sector, FCF in 2nd sector */

		if (offset < bank->sectors[sect].offset + bank->sectors[sect].size
			&& offset + count > bank->sectors[sect].offset)
			set_fcf = true; /* write to any part of sector with FCF */
	}

	if (set_fcf) {
		kinetis_fill_fcf(bank, fcf_buffer);

		fcf_in_data_valid = offset <= FCF_ADDRESS
					 && offset + count >= FCF_ADDRESS + FCF_SIZE;
		if (fcf_in_data_valid) {
			memcpy(fcf_in_data, buffer + FCF_ADDRESS - offset, FCF_SIZE);
			if (memcmp(fcf_in_data, fcf_buffer, 8)) {
				fcf_differs = true;
				LOG_INFO("Setting of backdoor key is not supported in mode 'kinetis fcf_source protection'.");
			}
			if (memcmp(fcf_in_data + FCF_FPROT, fcf_buffer + FCF_FPROT, 4)) {
				fcf_differs = true;
				LOG_INFO("Flash protection requested in the programmed file differs from current setting.");
			}
			if (fcf_in_data[FCF_FDPROT] != fcf_buffer[FCF_FDPROT]) {
				fcf_differs = true;
				LOG_INFO("Data flash protection requested in the programmed file differs from current setting.");
			}
			if ((fcf_in_data[FCF_FSEC] & 3) != 2) {
				fcf_in_data_valid = false;
				LOG_INFO("Device security requested in the programmed file! Write denied.");
			} else if (fcf_in_data[FCF_FSEC] != fcf_buffer[FCF_FSEC]) {
				fcf_differs = true;
				LOG_INFO("Strange unsecure mode 0x%02" PRIx8
					" requested in the programmed file, set FSEC = 0x%02" PRIx8
					" in the startup code!",
					fcf_in_data[FCF_FSEC], fcf_buffer[FCF_FSEC]);
			}
			if (fcf_in_data[FCF_FOPT] != fcf_buffer[FCF_FOPT]) {
				fcf_differs = true;
				LOG_INFO("FOPT requested in the programmed file differs from current setting, set 'kinetis fopt 0x%02"
					PRIx8 "'.", fcf_in_data[FCF_FOPT]);
			}

			/* If the device has ECC flash, then we cannot re-program FCF */
			if (fcf_differs) {
				if (k_chip->flash_support & FS_ECC) {
					fcf_in_data_valid = false;
					LOG_INFO("Cannot re-program FCF. Expect verify errors at FCF (0x400-0x40f).");
				} else {
					LOG_INFO("Trying to re-program FCF.");
					if (!(k_chip->flash_support & FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD))
						LOG_INFO("Flash re-programming may fail on this device!");
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if (set_fcf && !fcf_in_data_valid) {
		if (offset < FCF_ADDRESS) {
			/* write part preceding FCF */
			result = kinetis_write_inner(bank, buffer, offset, FCF_ADDRESS - offset);
			if (result != ERROR_OK)
				return result;
		}

		result = target_read_memory(bank->target, bank->base + FCF_ADDRESS, 4, FCF_SIZE / 4, fcf_current);
		if (result == ERROR_OK && memcmp(fcf_current, fcf_buffer, FCF_SIZE) == 0)
			set_fcf = false;

		if (set_fcf) {
			/* write FCF if differs from flash - eliminate multiple writes */
			result = kinetis_write_inner(bank, fcf_buffer, FCF_ADDRESS, FCF_SIZE);
			if (result != ERROR_OK)
				return result;
		}

		LOG_WARNING("Flash Configuration Field written.");
		LOG_WARNING("Reset or power off the device to make settings effective.");

		if (offset + count > FCF_ADDRESS + FCF_SIZE) {
			uint32_t delta = FCF_ADDRESS + FCF_SIZE - offset;
			/* write part after FCF */
			result = kinetis_write_inner(bank, buffer + delta, FCF_ADDRESS + FCF_SIZE, count - delta);
		}
		return result;

	} else {
		/* no FCF fiddling, normal write */
		return kinetis_write_inner(bank, buffer, offset, count);
	}
}


static int kinetis_probe_chip_s32k(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip)
{
	int result;
	uint8_t fcfg1_eesize, fcfg1_depart;
	uint32_t ee_size = 0;
	uint32_t pflash_size_k, nvm_size_k, dflash_size_k;
	unsigned int generation = 0, subseries = 0, derivate = 0;

	struct target *target = k_chip->target;
	k_chip->probed = false;
	k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 0;
	k_chip->pflash_base = 0;
	k_chip->nvm_base = 0x10000000;
	k_chip->progr_accel_ram = FLEXRAM;
	k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
	k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG32_KE1X;

	if (k_chip->sim_base == 0)
		k_chip->sim_base = SIM_BASE;

	result = target_read_u32(target, k_chip->sim_base + SIM_SDID_OFFSET, &k_chip->sim_sdid);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	generation = (k_chip->sim_sdid) >> 28 & 0x0f;
	subseries = (k_chip->sim_sdid) >> 24 & 0x0f;
	derivate = (k_chip->sim_sdid) >> 20 & 0x0f;

	switch (k_chip->sim_sdid & KINETIS_SDID_S32K_SERIES_MASK) {
	case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_SERIES_K11X:
		k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_L;
		k_chip->num_pflash_blocks = 1;
		k_chip->num_nvm_blocks = 1;
		/* Non-interleaved */
		k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 512;

		switch (k_chip->sim_sdid & KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_MASK) {
			case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX6:
				/* S32K116 CPU 48Mhz Flash 128KB RAM 17KB+2KB */
				/* Non-Interleaved */
				k_chip->pflash_size = 128 << 10;
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2 << 10;
				/* Non-Interleaved */
				k_chip->nvm_size = 32 << 10;
				k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2 << 10;
				break;
			case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX8:
				/* S32K118 CPU 80Mhz Flash 256KB+32KB RAM 32KB+4KB */
				/* Non-Interleaved */
				k_chip->pflash_size = 256 << 10;
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2 << 10;
				/* Non-Interleaved */
				k_chip->nvm_size = 32 << 10;
				k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2 << 10;
				break;
		}
		break;

	case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_SERIES_K14X:
		k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_MSCM2;
		k_chip->num_pflash_blocks = 1;
		k_chip->num_nvm_blocks = 1;
		/* Non-interleaved */
		k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 512;
		switch (k_chip->sim_sdid & KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_MASK) {
		case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX2:
		case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX3:
			/* S32K142/S32K142W CPU 80Mhz Flash 256KB+64KB RAM 32KB+4KB */
			/* Non-Interleaved */
			k_chip->pflash_size = 256 << 10;
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2 << 10;
			/* Non-Interleaved */
			k_chip->nvm_size = 64 << 10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2 << 10;
			break;
		case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX4:
		case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX5:
			/* S32K144/S32K144W CPU 80Mhz Flash 512KB+64KB RAM 64KB+4KB */
			/* Interleaved */
			k_chip->pflash_size = 512 << 10;
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4 << 10;
			/* Non-Interleaved */
			k_chip->nvm_size = 64 << 10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2 << 10;
			break;
		case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX6:
			/* S32K146 CPU 80Mhz Flash 1024KB+64KB RAM 128KB+4KB */
			/* Interleaved */
			k_chip->pflash_size = 1024 << 10;
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4 << 10;
			k_chip->num_pflash_blocks = 2;
			/* Non-Interleaved */
			k_chip->nvm_size = 64 << 10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2 << 10;
			break;
		case KINETIS_SDID_S32K_DERIVATE_KXX8:
			/* S32K148 CPU 80Mhz Flash 1536KB+512KB RAM 256KB+4KB */
			/* Interleaved */
			k_chip->pflash_size = 1536 << 10;
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4 << 10;
			k_chip->num_pflash_blocks = 3;
			/* Interleaved */
			k_chip->nvm_size = 512 << 10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 4 << 10;
			/* Interleaved */
			k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1 << 10;
			break;
		}
		break;

	default:
		LOG_ERROR("Unsupported S32K1xx-series");
	}

	if (k_chip->pflash_sector_size == 0) {
		LOG_ERROR("MCU is unsupported, SDID 0x%08" PRIx32, k_chip->sim_sdid);
		return ERROR_FLASH_OPER_UNSUPPORTED;
	}

	result = target_read_u32(target, k_chip->sim_base + SIM_FCFG1_OFFSET, &k_chip->sim_fcfg1);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;
	k_chip->sim_fcfg2 = 0; /* S32K1xx does not implement FCFG2 register. */

	fcfg1_depart = (k_chip->sim_fcfg1 >> 12) & 0x0f;
	fcfg1_eesize = (k_chip->sim_fcfg1 >> 16) & 0x0f;
	if (fcfg1_eesize <= 9)
		ee_size = (16 << (10 - fcfg1_eesize));
	if ((fcfg1_depart & 0x8) == 0) {
		/* Binary 0xxx values encode the amount reserved for EEPROM emulation. */
		if (fcfg1_depart)
			k_chip->dflash_size = k_chip->nvm_size - (4096 << fcfg1_depart);
		else
			k_chip->dflash_size = k_chip->nvm_size;
	} else {
		/* Binary 1xxx valued encode the DFlash size. */
		if (fcfg1_depart & 0x7)
			k_chip->dflash_size = 4096 << (fcfg1_depart & 0x7);
		else
			k_chip->dflash_size = 0;
	}

	snprintf(k_chip->name, sizeof(k_chip->name), "S32K%u%u%u",
		 generation, subseries, derivate);

	pflash_size_k = k_chip->pflash_size / 1024;
	dflash_size_k = k_chip->dflash_size / 1024;

	LOG_INFO("%s detected: %u flash blocks", k_chip->name, k_chip->num_pflash_blocks + k_chip->num_nvm_blocks);
	LOG_INFO("%u PFlash banks: %" PRIu32 " KiB total", k_chip->num_pflash_blocks, pflash_size_k);

	nvm_size_k = k_chip->nvm_size / 1024;

	if (k_chip->num_nvm_blocks) {
		LOG_INFO("%u FlexNVM banks: %" PRIu32 " KiB total, %" PRIu32 " KiB available as data flash, %"
			 PRIu32 " bytes FlexRAM",
			 k_chip->num_nvm_blocks, nvm_size_k, dflash_size_k, ee_size);
	}

	k_chip->probed = true;

	if (create_banks)
		kinetis_create_missing_banks(k_chip);

	return ERROR_OK;
}


static int kinetis_probe_chip(struct kinetis_chip *k_chip)
{
	int result;
	uint8_t fcfg1_nvmsize, fcfg1_pfsize, fcfg1_eesize, fcfg1_depart;
	uint8_t fcfg2_pflsh;
	uint32_t ee_size = 0;
	uint32_t pflash_size_k, nvm_size_k, dflash_size_k;
	uint32_t pflash_size_m;
	unsigned num_blocks = 0;
	unsigned maxaddr_shift = 13;
	struct target *target = k_chip->target;

	unsigned familyid = 0, subfamid = 0;
	unsigned cpu_mhz = 120;
	bool use_nvm_marking = false;
	char flash_marking[12], nvm_marking[2];
	char name[40];

	k_chip->probed = false;
	k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 0;
	k_chip->pflash_base = 0;
	k_chip->nvm_base = 0x10000000;
	k_chip->progr_accel_ram = FLEXRAM;

	name[0] = '\0';

	if (k_chip->sim_base)
		result = target_read_u32(target, k_chip->sim_base + SIM_SDID_OFFSET, &k_chip->sim_sdid);
	else {
		result = target_read_u32(target, SIM_BASE + SIM_SDID_OFFSET, &k_chip->sim_sdid);
		if (result == ERROR_OK)
			k_chip->sim_base = SIM_BASE;
		else {
			result = target_read_u32(target, SIM_BASE_KL28 + SIM_SDID_OFFSET, &k_chip->sim_sdid);
			if (result == ERROR_OK)
				k_chip->sim_base = SIM_BASE_KL28;
		}
	}
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	if ((k_chip->sim_sdid & (~KINETIS_SDID_K_SERIES_MASK)) == 0) {
		/* older K-series MCU */
		uint32_t mcu_type = k_chip->sim_sdid & KINETIS_K_SDID_TYPE_MASK;
		k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_K;
		k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG_K;

		switch (mcu_type) {
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M50:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M50:
			/* 1kB sectors */
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 1<<10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 1<<10;
			num_blocks = 2;
			k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
			break;
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M72:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M72:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K30_M72:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K30_M100:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K40_M72:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K40_M100:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K50_M72:
			/* 2kB sectors, 1kB FlexNVM sectors */
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 1<<10;
			num_blocks = 2;
			k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
			k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
			break;
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M100:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M100:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K11:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K12:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K21_M50:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K22_M50:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K51_M72:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K53:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K60_M100:
			/* 2kB sectors */
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2<<10;
			num_blocks = 2;
			k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
			break;
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K21_M120:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K22_M120:
			/* 4kB sectors (MK21FN1M0, MK21FX512, MK22FN1M0, MK22FX512) */
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
			k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 4<<10;
			num_blocks = 2;
			k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
			break;
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M120:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M120:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K60_M150:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K70_M150:
			/* 4kB sectors */
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 4<<10;
			num_blocks = 4;
			k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
			break;
		default:
			LOG_ERROR("Unsupported K-family FAMID");
		}

		for (size_t idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(kinetis_types_old); idx++) {
			if (kinetis_types_old[idx].sdid == mcu_type) {
				strcpy(name, kinetis_types_old[idx].name);
				use_nvm_marking = true;
				break;
			}
		}

		/* first revision of some devices has no SMC */
		switch (mcu_type) {
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K10_M100:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K20_M100:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K30_M100:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K40_M100:
		case KINETIS_K_SDID_K60_M100:
			{
				uint32_t revid = (k_chip->sim_sdid & KINETIS_K_REVID_MASK) >> KINETIS_K_REVID_SHIFT;
				 /* highest bit set corresponds to rev 2.x */
				if (revid <= 7) {
					k_chip->sysmodectrlr_type = KINETIS_MC;
					strcat(name, " Rev 1.x");
				}
			}
			break;
		}

	} else {
		/* Newer K-series or KL series MCU */
		familyid = (k_chip->sim_sdid & KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_MASK) >> KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_SHIFT;
		subfamid = (k_chip->sim_sdid & KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_MASK) >> KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_SHIFT;

		switch (k_chip->sim_sdid & KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_MASK) {
		case KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_K:
			use_nvm_marking = true;
			k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_K;
			k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG_K;

			switch (k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_MASK | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_MASK)) {
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K0X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX2:
				/* K02FN64, K02FN128: FTFA, 2kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
				num_blocks = 1;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
				cpu_mhz = 100;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX2: {
				/* MK24FN1M reports as K22, this should detect it (according to errata note 1N83J) */
				uint32_t sopt1;
				result = target_read_u32(target, k_chip->sim_base + SIM_SOPT1_OFFSET, &sopt1);
				if (result != ERROR_OK)
					return result;

				if (((k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_MASK)) == KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K24FN1M) &&
						((sopt1 & KINETIS_SOPT1_RAMSIZE_MASK) == KINETIS_SOPT1_RAMSIZE_K24FN1M)) {
					/* MK24FN1M */
					k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
					num_blocks = 2;
					k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
					k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
					subfamid = 4; /* errata 1N83J fix */
					break;
				}
				if ((k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_MASK)) == KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K22FN128
					|| (k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_MASK)) == KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K22FN256
					|| (k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_MASK)) == KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K22FN512) {
					/* K22 with new-style SDID - smaller pflash with FTFA, 2kB sectors */
					k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
					/* autodetect 1 or 2 blocks */
					k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
					break;
				}
				LOG_ERROR("Unsupported Kinetis K22 DIEID");
				break;
			}
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX4:
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
				if ((k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_MASK)) == KINETIS_SDID_DIEID_K24FN256) {
					/* K24FN256 - smaller pflash with FTFA */
					num_blocks = 1;
					k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
					break;
				}
				/* K24FN1M without errata 7534 */
				num_blocks = 2;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
				k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K6X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1:	/* errata 7534 - should be K63 */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K6X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX2:	/* errata 7534 - should be K64 */
				subfamid += 2; /* errata 7534 fix */
				/* fallthrough */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K6X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX3:
				/* K63FN1M0 */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K6X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX4:
				/* K64FN1M0, K64FX512 */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
				k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 4<<10;
				k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
				num_blocks = 2;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX6:
				/* K26FN2M0 */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K6X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX6:
				/* K66FN2M0, K66FX1M0 */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
				k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 4<<10;
				k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
				num_blocks = 4;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR | FS_ECC;
				cpu_mhz = 180;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX7:
				/* K27FN2M0 */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX8:
				/* K28FN2M0 */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
				k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
				num_blocks = 4;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR | FS_ECC;
				cpu_mhz = 150;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K8X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX0:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K8X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K8X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX2:
				/* K80FN256, K81FN256, K82FN256 */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
				num_blocks = 1;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD | FS_NO_CMD_BLOCKSTAT;
				cpu_mhz = 150;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_KL8X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_KL8X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX2:
				/* KL81Z128, KL82Z128 */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
				num_blocks = 1;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD | FS_NO_CMD_BLOCKSTAT;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_L;

				use_nvm_marking = false;
				snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "MKL8%uZ%%s7",
					 subfamid);
				break;

			default:
				LOG_ERROR("Unsupported Kinetis FAMILYID SUBFAMID");
			}

			if (name[0] == '\0')
				snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "MK%u%uF%%s%u",
					 familyid, subfamid, cpu_mhz / 10);
			break;

		case KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_KL:
			/* KL-series */
			k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 1<<10;
			k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 1<<10;
			/* autodetect 1 or 2 blocks */
			k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
			k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_L;
			k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG_COP;

			cpu_mhz = 48;
			switch (k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_MASK | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_MASK)) {
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX3:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX3:
				subfamid = 7;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX8:
				cpu_mhz = 72;
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
				num_blocks = 2;
				k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG32_KL28;
				k_chip->sysmodectrlr_type = KINETIS_SMC32;
				break;
			}

			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "MKL%u%uZ%%s%u",
				 familyid, subfamid, cpu_mhz / 10);
			break;

		case KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_KW:
			/* Newer KW-series (all KW series except KW2xD, KW01Z) */
			cpu_mhz = 48;
			switch (k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_MASK | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_MASK)) {
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K4X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX0:
				/* KW40Z */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K3X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX0:
				/* KW30Z */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX0:
				/* KW20Z */
				/* FTFA, 1kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 1<<10;
				k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 1<<10;
				/* autodetect 1 or 2 blocks */
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_L;
				k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG_COP;
				break;
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K4X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1:
				/* KW41Z */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K3X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1:
				/* KW31Z */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K2X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1:
				/* KW21Z */
				/* FTFA, 2kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
				k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2<<10;
				/* autodetect 1 or 2 blocks */
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_L;
				k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG_COP;
				break;
			default:
				LOG_ERROR("Unsupported KW FAMILYID SUBFAMID");
			}
			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "MKW%u%uZ%%s%u",
					 familyid, subfamid, cpu_mhz / 10);
			break;

		case KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_KV:
			/* KV-series */
			k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG_K;
			switch (k_chip->sim_sdid & (KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_MASK | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_MASK)) {
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX0:
				/* KV10: FTFA, 1kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 1<<10;
				num_blocks = 1;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_L;
				strcpy(name, "MKV10Z%s7");
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1:
				/* KV11: FTFA, 2kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
				num_blocks = 1;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_L;
				strcpy(name, "MKV11Z%s7");
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K3X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX0:
				/* KV30: FTFA, 2kB sectors, 1 block */
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K3X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX1:
				/* KV31: FTFA, 2kB sectors, 2 blocks */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
				/* autodetect 1 or 2 blocks */
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_K;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K4X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX2:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K4X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX4:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K4X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX6:
				/* KV4x: FTFA, 4kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
				num_blocks = 1;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_LONGWORD;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_K;
				cpu_mhz = 168;
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K5X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX6:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K5X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX8:
				/* KV5x: FTFE, 8kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 8<<10;
				k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
				num_blocks = 1;
				maxaddr_shift = 14;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR | FS_WIDTH_256BIT | FS_ECC;
				k_chip->pflash_base = 0x10000000;
				k_chip->progr_accel_ram = 0x18000000;
				cpu_mhz = 240;
				break;

			default:
				LOG_ERROR("Unsupported KV FAMILYID SUBFAMID");
			}

			if (name[0] == '\0')
				snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "MKV%u%uF%%s%u",
					 familyid, subfamid, cpu_mhz / 10);
			break;

		case KINETIS_SDID_SERIESID_KE:
			/* KE1x-series */
			k_chip->watchdog_type = KINETIS_WDOG32_KE1X;
			switch (k_chip->sim_sdid &
				(KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_MASK | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_MASK | KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_MASK)) {
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX4 | KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_KE1XZ:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX5 | KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_KE1XZ:
				/* KE1xZ: FTFE, 2kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 2<<10;
				k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2<<10;
				k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<9;
				num_blocks = 2;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_L;

				cpu_mhz = 72;
				snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "MKE%u%uZ%%s%u",
					 familyid, subfamid, cpu_mhz / 10);
				break;

			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX4 | KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_KE1XF:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX6 | KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_KE1XF:
			case KINETIS_SDID_FAMILYID_K1X | KINETIS_SDID_SUBFAMID_KX8 | KINETIS_SDID_PROJECTID_KE1XF:
				/* KE1xF: FTFE, 4kB sectors */
				k_chip->pflash_sector_size = 4<<10;
				k_chip->nvm_sector_size = 2<<10;
				k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = 1<<10;
				num_blocks = 2;
				k_chip->flash_support = FS_PROGRAM_PHRASE | FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR;
				k_chip->cache_type = KINETIS_CACHE_MSCM;

				cpu_mhz = 168;
				snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "MKE%u%uF%%s%u",
					 familyid, subfamid, cpu_mhz / 10);
				break;

			default:
				LOG_ERROR("Unsupported KE FAMILYID SUBFAMID");
			}
			break;

		default:
			LOG_ERROR("Unsupported K-series");
		}
	}

	if (k_chip->pflash_sector_size == 0) {
		LOG_ERROR("MCU is unsupported, SDID 0x%08" PRIx32, k_chip->sim_sdid);
		return ERROR_FLASH_OPER_UNSUPPORTED;
	}

	result = target_read_u32(target, k_chip->sim_base + SIM_FCFG1_OFFSET, &k_chip->sim_fcfg1);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	result = target_read_u32(target, k_chip->sim_base + SIM_FCFG2_OFFSET, &k_chip->sim_fcfg2);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	LOG_DEBUG("SDID: 0x%08" PRIX32 " FCFG1: 0x%08" PRIX32 " FCFG2: 0x%08" PRIX32, k_chip->sim_sdid,
			k_chip->sim_fcfg1, k_chip->sim_fcfg2);

	fcfg1_nvmsize = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg1 >> 28) & 0x0f);
	fcfg1_pfsize = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg1 >> 24) & 0x0f);
	fcfg1_eesize = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg1 >> 16) & 0x0f);
	fcfg1_depart = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg1 >> 8) & 0x0f);

	fcfg2_pflsh = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg2 >> 23) & 0x01);
	k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr0_shifted = ((k_chip->sim_fcfg2 >> 24) & 0x7f) << maxaddr_shift;
	k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr1_shifted = ((k_chip->sim_fcfg2 >> 16) & 0x7f) << maxaddr_shift;

	if (num_blocks == 0)
		num_blocks = k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr1_shifted ? 2 : 1;
	else if (k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr1_shifted == 0 && num_blocks >= 2 && fcfg2_pflsh) {
		/* fcfg2_maxaddr1 may be zero due to partitioning whole NVM as EEPROM backup
		 * Do not adjust block count in this case! */
		num_blocks = 1;
		LOG_WARNING("MAXADDR1 is zero, number of flash banks adjusted to 1");
	} else if (k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr1_shifted != 0 && num_blocks == 1) {
		num_blocks = 2;
		LOG_WARNING("MAXADDR1 is non zero, number of flash banks adjusted to 2");
	}

	/* when the PFLSH bit is set, there is no FlexNVM/FlexRAM */
	if (!fcfg2_pflsh) {
		switch (fcfg1_nvmsize) {
		case 0x03:
		case 0x05:
		case 0x07:
		case 0x09:
		case 0x0b:
			k_chip->nvm_size = 1 << (14 + (fcfg1_nvmsize >> 1));
			break;
		case 0x0f:
			if (k_chip->pflash_sector_size >= 4<<10)
				k_chip->nvm_size = 512<<10;
			else
				/* K20_100 */
				k_chip->nvm_size = 256<<10;
			break;
		default:
			k_chip->nvm_size = 0;
			break;
		}

		switch (fcfg1_eesize) {
		case 0x00:
		case 0x01:
		case 0x02:
		case 0x03:
		case 0x04:
		case 0x05:
		case 0x06:
		case 0x07:
		case 0x08:
		case 0x09:
			ee_size = (16 << (10 - fcfg1_eesize));
			break;
		default:
			ee_size = 0;
			break;
		}

		switch (fcfg1_depart) {
		case 0x01:
		case 0x02:
		case 0x03:
		case 0x04:
		case 0x05:
		case 0x06:
			k_chip->dflash_size = k_chip->nvm_size - (4096 << fcfg1_depart);
			break;
		case 0x07:
		case 0x08:
			k_chip->dflash_size = 0;
			break;
		case 0x09:
		case 0x0a:
		case 0x0b:
		case 0x0c:
		case 0x0d:
			k_chip->dflash_size = 4096 << (fcfg1_depart & 0x7);
			break;
		default:
			k_chip->dflash_size = k_chip->nvm_size;
			break;
		}
	}

	switch (fcfg1_pfsize) {
	case 0x00:
		k_chip->pflash_size = 8192;
		break;
	case 0x01:
	case 0x03:
	case 0x05:
	case 0x07:
	case 0x09:
	case 0x0b:
	case 0x0d:
		k_chip->pflash_size = 1 << (14 + (fcfg1_pfsize >> 1));
		break;
	case 0x0f:
		/* a peculiar case: Freescale states different sizes for 0xf
		 * KL03P24M48SF0RM	32 KB .... duplicate of code 0x3
		 * K02P64M100SFARM	128 KB ... duplicate of code 0x7
		 * K22P121M120SF8RM	256 KB ... duplicate of code 0x9
		 * K22P121M120SF7RM	512 KB ... duplicate of code 0xb
		 * K22P100M120SF5RM	1024 KB ... duplicate of code 0xd
		 * K26P169M180SF5RM	2048 KB ... the only unique value
		 * fcfg2_maxaddr0 seems to be the only clue to pflash_size
		 * Checking fcfg2_maxaddr0 in bank probe is pointless then
		 */
		if (fcfg2_pflsh)
			k_chip->pflash_size = k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr0_shifted * num_blocks;
		else
			k_chip->pflash_size = k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr0_shifted * num_blocks / 2;
		if (k_chip->pflash_size != 2048<<10)
			LOG_WARNING("SIM_FCFG1 PFSIZE = 0xf: please check if pflash is %" PRIu32 " KB", k_chip->pflash_size>>10);

		break;
	default:
		k_chip->pflash_size = 0;
		break;
	}

	if (k_chip->flash_support & FS_PROGRAM_SECTOR && k_chip->max_flash_prog_size == 0) {
		k_chip->max_flash_prog_size = k_chip->pflash_sector_size;
		/* Program section size is equal to sector size by default */
	}

	if (fcfg2_pflsh) {
		k_chip->num_pflash_blocks = num_blocks;
		k_chip->num_nvm_blocks = 0;
	} else {
		k_chip->num_pflash_blocks = (num_blocks + 1) / 2;
		k_chip->num_nvm_blocks = num_blocks - k_chip->num_pflash_blocks;
	}

	if (use_nvm_marking) {
		nvm_marking[0] = k_chip->num_nvm_blocks ? 'X' : 'N';
		nvm_marking[1] = '\0';
	} else
		nvm_marking[0] = '\0';

	pflash_size_k = k_chip->pflash_size / 1024;
	pflash_size_m = pflash_size_k / 1024;
	if (pflash_size_m)
		snprintf(flash_marking, sizeof(flash_marking), "%s%" PRIu32 "M0xxx", nvm_marking, pflash_size_m);
	else
		snprintf(flash_marking, sizeof(flash_marking), "%s%" PRIu32 "xxx", nvm_marking, pflash_size_k);

	snprintf(k_chip->name, sizeof(k_chip->name), name, flash_marking);
	LOG_INFO("Kinetis %s detected: %u flash blocks", k_chip->name, num_blocks);
	LOG_INFO("%u PFlash banks: %" PRIu32 " KiB total", k_chip->num_pflash_blocks, pflash_size_k);
	if (k_chip->num_nvm_blocks) {
		nvm_size_k = k_chip->nvm_size / 1024;
		dflash_size_k = k_chip->dflash_size / 1024;
		LOG_INFO("%u FlexNVM banks: %" PRIu32 " KiB total, %" PRIu32 " KiB available as data flash, %"
			 PRIu32 " bytes FlexRAM", k_chip->num_nvm_blocks, nvm_size_k, dflash_size_k, ee_size);
	}

	k_chip->probed = true;

	if (create_banks)
		kinetis_create_missing_banks(k_chip);

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_probe(struct flash_bank *bank)
{
	int result;
	uint8_t fcfg2_maxaddr0, fcfg2_pflsh, fcfg2_maxaddr1;
	unsigned num_blocks, first_nvm_bank;
	uint32_t size_k;
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip;

	assert(k_bank);
	k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;

	k_bank->probed = false;

	if (!k_chip->probed) {
		switch (k_chip->chip_type) {
		case CT_S32K:
			result = kinetis_probe_chip_s32k(k_chip);
			break;
		default:
			result = kinetis_probe_chip(k_chip);
		}
		if (result != ERROR_OK)
			return result;
	}

	num_blocks = k_chip->num_pflash_blocks + k_chip->num_nvm_blocks;
	first_nvm_bank = k_chip->num_pflash_blocks;

	if (k_bank->bank_number < k_chip->num_pflash_blocks) {
		/* pflash, banks start at address zero */
		k_bank->flash_class = FC_PFLASH;
		bank->size = (k_chip->pflash_size / k_chip->num_pflash_blocks);
		bank->base = k_chip->pflash_base + bank->size * k_bank->bank_number;
		k_bank->prog_base = 0x00000000 + bank->size * k_bank->bank_number;
		k_bank->sector_size = k_chip->pflash_sector_size;
		/* pflash is divided into 32 protection areas for
		 * parts with more than 32K of PFlash. For parts with
		 * less the protection unit is set to 1024 bytes */
		k_bank->protection_size = MAX(k_chip->pflash_size / 32, 1024);
		bank->num_prot_blocks = bank->size / k_bank->protection_size;
		k_bank->protection_block = bank->num_prot_blocks * k_bank->bank_number;

		size_k = bank->size / 1024;
		LOG_DEBUG("Kinetis bank %u: %" PRIu32 "k PFlash, FTFx base 0x%08" PRIx32 ", sect %" PRIu32,
			 k_bank->bank_number, size_k, k_bank->prog_base, k_bank->sector_size);

	} else if (k_bank->bank_number < num_blocks) {
		/* nvm, banks start at address 0x10000000 */
		unsigned nvm_ord = k_bank->bank_number - first_nvm_bank;
		uint32_t limit;

		k_bank->flash_class = FC_FLEX_NVM;
		bank->size = k_chip->nvm_size / k_chip->num_nvm_blocks;
		bank->base = k_chip->nvm_base + bank->size * nvm_ord;
		k_bank->prog_base = 0x00800000 + bank->size * nvm_ord;
		k_bank->sector_size = k_chip->nvm_sector_size;
		if (k_chip->dflash_size == 0) {
			k_bank->protection_size = 0;
		} else {
			int i;
			for (i = k_chip->dflash_size; ~i & 1; i >>= 1)
				;
			if (i == 1)
				k_bank->protection_size = k_chip->dflash_size / 8;	/* data flash size = 2^^n */
			else
				k_bank->protection_size = k_chip->nvm_size / 8;	/* TODO: verify on SF1, not documented in RM */
		}
		bank->num_prot_blocks = 8 / k_chip->num_nvm_blocks;
		k_bank->protection_block = bank->num_prot_blocks * nvm_ord;

		/* EEPROM backup part of FlexNVM is not accessible, use dflash_size as a limit */
		if (k_chip->dflash_size > bank->size * nvm_ord)
			limit = k_chip->dflash_size - bank->size * nvm_ord;
		else
			limit = 0;

		if (bank->size > limit) {
			bank->size = limit;
			LOG_DEBUG("FlexNVM bank %u limited to 0x%08" PRIx32 " due to active EEPROM backup",
				k_bank->bank_number, limit);
		}

		size_k = bank->size / 1024;
		LOG_DEBUG("Kinetis bank %u: %" PRIu32 "k FlexNVM, FTFx base 0x%08" PRIx32 ", sect %" PRIu32,
			 k_bank->bank_number, size_k, k_bank->prog_base, k_bank->sector_size);

	} else {
		LOG_ERROR("Cannot determine parameters for bank %u, only %u banks on device",
				k_bank->bank_number, num_blocks);
		return ERROR_FLASH_BANK_INVALID;
	}

	/* S32K1xx does not implement FCFG2 register. Skip checks. */
	if (k_chip->chip_type != CT_S32K) {
		fcfg2_pflsh = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg2 >> 23) & 0x01);
		fcfg2_maxaddr0 = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg2 >> 24) & 0x7f);
		fcfg2_maxaddr1 = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg2 >> 16) & 0x7f);

		if (k_bank->bank_number == 0 && k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr0_shifted != bank->size)
			LOG_WARNING("MAXADDR0 0x%02" PRIx8 " check failed,"
				    " please report to OpenOCD mailing list", fcfg2_maxaddr0);

		if (fcfg2_pflsh) {
			if (k_bank->bank_number == 1 && k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr1_shifted != bank->size)
				LOG_WARNING("MAXADDR1 0x%02" PRIx8 " check failed,"
					    " please report to OpenOCD mailing list", fcfg2_maxaddr1);
		} else {
			if (k_bank->bank_number == first_nvm_bank
			    && k_chip->fcfg2_maxaddr1_shifted != k_chip->dflash_size)
				LOG_WARNING("FlexNVM MAXADDR1 0x%02" PRIx8 " check failed,"
					    " please report to OpenOCD mailing list", fcfg2_maxaddr1);
		}
	}

	free(bank->sectors);
	bank->sectors = NULL;

	free(bank->prot_blocks);
	bank->prot_blocks = NULL;

	if (k_bank->sector_size == 0) {
		LOG_ERROR("Unknown sector size for bank %u", bank->bank_number);
		return ERROR_FLASH_BANK_INVALID;
	}

	bank->num_sectors = bank->size / k_bank->sector_size;

	if (bank->num_sectors > 0) {
		/* FlexNVM bank can be used for EEPROM backup therefore zero sized */
		bank->sectors = alloc_block_array(0, k_bank->sector_size, bank->num_sectors);
		if (!bank->sectors)
			return ERROR_FAIL;

		bank->prot_blocks = alloc_block_array(0, k_bank->protection_size, bank->num_prot_blocks);
		if (!bank->prot_blocks)
			return ERROR_FAIL;

	} else {
		bank->num_prot_blocks = 0;
	}

	k_bank->probed = true;

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_auto_probe(struct flash_bank *bank)
{
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;

	if (k_bank && k_bank->probed)
		return ERROR_OK;

	return kinetis_probe(bank);
}

static int kinetis_info(struct flash_bank *bank, struct command_invocation *cmd)
{
	const char *bank_class_names[] = {
		"(ANY)", "PFlash", "FlexNVM", "FlexRAM"
	};

	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;
	uint32_t size_k = bank->size / 1024;

	command_print_sameline(cmd,
		"%s %s: %" PRIu32 "k %s bank %s at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
		bank->driver->name, k_chip->name,
		size_k, bank_class_names[k_bank->flash_class],
		bank->name, bank->base);

	return ERROR_OK;
}

static int kinetis_blank_check(struct flash_bank *bank)
{
	struct kinetis_flash_bank *k_bank = bank->driver_priv;
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip = k_bank->k_chip;
	int result;

	/* surprisingly blank check does not work in VLPR and HSRUN modes */
	result = kinetis_check_run_mode(k_chip);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	/* reset error flags */
	result = kinetis_ftfx_prepare(bank->target);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	if (k_bank->flash_class == FC_PFLASH || k_bank->flash_class == FC_FLEX_NVM) {
		bool block_dirty = true;
		bool use_block_cmd = !(k_chip->flash_support & FS_NO_CMD_BLOCKSTAT);
		uint8_t ftfx_fstat;

		if (use_block_cmd && k_bank->flash_class == FC_FLEX_NVM) {
			uint8_t fcfg1_depart = (uint8_t)((k_chip->sim_fcfg1 >> 8) & 0x0f);
			/* block operation cannot be used on FlexNVM when EEPROM backup partition is set */
			if (fcfg1_depart != 0xf && fcfg1_depart != 0)
				use_block_cmd = false;
		}

		if (use_block_cmd) {
			/* check if whole bank is blank */
			result = kinetis_ftfx_command(bank->target, FTFX_CMD_BLOCKSTAT, k_bank->prog_base,
							 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, &ftfx_fstat);

			if (result != ERROR_OK)
				kinetis_ftfx_clear_error(bank->target);
			else if ((ftfx_fstat & 0x01) == 0)
				block_dirty = false;
		}

		if (block_dirty) {
			/* the whole bank is not erased, check sector-by-sector */
			for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bank->num_sectors; i++) {
				/* normal margin */
				result = kinetis_ftfx_command(bank->target, FTFX_CMD_SECTSTAT,
						k_bank->prog_base + bank->sectors[i].offset,
						1, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, &ftfx_fstat);

				if (result == ERROR_OK) {
					bank->sectors[i].is_erased = !(ftfx_fstat & 0x01);
				} else {
					LOG_DEBUG("Ignoring error on PFlash sector blank-check");
					kinetis_ftfx_clear_error(bank->target);
					bank->sectors[i].is_erased = -1;
				}
			}
		} else {
			/* the whole bank is erased, update all sectors */
			for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bank->num_sectors; i++)
				bank->sectors[i].is_erased = 1;
		}
	} else {
		LOG_WARNING("kinetis_blank_check not supported yet for FlexRAM");
		return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}


COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_nvm_partition)
{
	int result;
	unsigned bank_idx;
	unsigned num_blocks, first_nvm_bank;
	unsigned long par, log2 = 0, ee1 = 0, ee2 = 0;
	enum { SHOW_INFO, DF_SIZE, EEBKP_SIZE } sz_type = SHOW_INFO;
	bool enable;
	uint8_t load_flex_ram = 1;
	uint8_t ee_size_code = 0x3f;
	uint8_t flex_nvm_partition_code = 0;
	uint8_t ee_split = 3;
	struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
	struct kinetis_chip *k_chip;
	uint32_t sim_fcfg1;

	k_chip = kinetis_get_chip(target);

	if (k_chip->chip_type == CT_S32K) {
		LOG_ERROR("NVM partition not supported on S32K1xx (yet).");
		return ERROR_FAIL;
	}

	if (CMD_ARGC >= 2) {
		if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "dataflash") == 0)
			sz_type = DF_SIZE;
		else if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "eebkp") == 0)
			sz_type = EEBKP_SIZE;

		COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(ulong, CMD_ARGV[1], par);
		while (par >> (log2 + 3))
			log2++;
	}
	switch (sz_type) {
	case SHOW_INFO:
		if (!k_chip) {
			LOG_ERROR("Chip not probed.");
			return ERROR_FAIL;
		}
		result = target_read_u32(target, k_chip->sim_base + SIM_FCFG1_OFFSET, &sim_fcfg1);
		if (result != ERROR_OK)
			return result;

		flex_nvm_partition_code = (uint8_t)((sim_fcfg1 >> 8) & 0x0f);
		switch (flex_nvm_partition_code) {
		case 0:
			command_print(CMD, "No EEPROM backup, data flash only");
			break;
		case 1:
		case 2:
		case 3:
		case 4:
		case 5:
		case 6:
			command_print(CMD, "EEPROM backup %d KB", 4 << flex_nvm_partition_code);
			break;
		case 8:
			command_print(CMD, "No data flash, EEPROM backup only");
			break;
		case 0x9:
		case 0xA:
		case 0xB:
		case 0xC:
		case 0xD:
		case 0xE:
			command_print(CMD, "data flash %d KB", 4 << (flex_nvm_partition_code & 7));
			break;
		case 0xf:
			command_print(CMD, "No EEPROM backup, data flash only (DEPART not set)");
			break;
		default:
			command_print(CMD, "Unsupported EEPROM backup size code 0x%02" PRIx8, flex_nvm_partition_code);
		}
		return ERROR_OK;

	case DF_SIZE:
		flex_nvm_partition_code = 0x8 | log2;
		break;

	case EEBKP_SIZE:
		flex_nvm_partition_code = log2;
		break;
	}

	if (CMD_ARGC == 3) {
		unsigned long eex;
		COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(ulong, CMD_ARGV[2], eex);
		ee1 = ee2 = eex / 2;
	} else if (CMD_ARGC >= 4) {
		COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(ulong, CMD_ARGV[2], ee1);
		COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(ulong, CMD_ARGV[3], ee2);
	}

	enable = ee1 + ee2 > 0;
	if (enable) {
		for (log2 = 2; ; log2++) {
			if (ee1 + ee2 == (16u << 10) >> log2)
				break;
			if (ee1 + ee2 > (16u << 10) >> log2 || log2 >= 9) {
				LOG_ERROR("Unsupported EEPROM size");
				return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
			}
		}

		if (ee1 * 3 == ee2)
			ee_split = 1;
		else if (ee1 * 7 == ee2)
			ee_split = 0;
		else if (ee1 != ee2) {
			LOG_ERROR("Unsupported EEPROM sizes ratio");
			return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
		}

		ee_size_code = log2 | ee_split << 4;
	}

	if (CMD_ARGC >= 5)
		COMMAND_PARSE_ON_OFF(CMD_ARGV[4], enable);
	if (enable)
		load_flex_ram = 0;

	LOG_INFO("DEPART 0x%" PRIx8 ", EEPROM size code 0x%" PRIx8,
		 flex_nvm_partition_code, ee_size_code);

	result = kinetis_check_run_mode(k_chip);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	/* reset error flags */
	result = kinetis_ftfx_prepare(target);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	result = kinetis_ftfx_command(target, FTFX_CMD_PGMPART, load_flex_ram,
				      ee_size_code, flex_nvm_partition_code, 0, 0,
				      0, 0, 0, 0,  NULL);
	if (result != ERROR_OK)
		return result;

	command_print(CMD, "FlexNVM partition set. Please reset MCU.");

	if (k_chip) {
		first_nvm_bank = k_chip->num_pflash_blocks;
		num_blocks = k_chip->num_pflash_blocks + k_chip->num_nvm_blocks;
		for (bank_idx = first_nvm_bank; bank_idx < num_blocks; bank_idx++)
			k_chip->banks[bank_idx].probed = false;	/* re-probe before next use */
		k_chip->probed = false;
	}

	command_print(CMD, "FlexNVM banks will be re-probed to set new data flash size.");
	return ERROR_OK;
}

COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_fcf_source_handler)
{
	if (CMD_ARGC > 1)
		return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;

	if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
		if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "write") == 0)
			allow_fcf_writes = true;
		else if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "protection") == 0)
			allow_fcf_writes = false;
		else
			return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
	}

	if (allow_fcf_writes) {
		command_print(CMD, "Arbitrary Flash Configuration Field writes enabled.");
		command_print(CMD, "Protection info writes to FCF disabled.");
		LOG_WARNING("BEWARE: incorrect flash configuration may permanently lock the device.");
	} else {
		command_print(CMD, "Protection info writes to Flash Configuration Field enabled.");
		command_print(CMD, "Arbitrary FCF writes disabled. Mode safe from unwanted locking of the device.");
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}

COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_fopt_handler)
{
	if (CMD_ARGC > 1)
		return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;

	if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
		COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u8, CMD_ARGV[0], fcf_fopt);
	} else {
		command_print(CMD, "FCF_FOPT 0x%02" PRIx8, fcf_fopt);
	}

	return ERROR_OK;
}

COMMAND_HANDLER(kinetis_create_banks_handler)
{
	if (CMD_ARGC > 0)
		return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;

	create_banks = true;

	return ERROR_OK;
}


static const struct command_registration kinetis_security_command_handlers[] = {
	{
		.name = "check_security",
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "Check status of device security lock",
		.usage = "",
		.handler = kinetis_check_flash_security_status,
	},
	{
		.name = "halt",
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "Issue a halt via the MDM-AP",
		.usage = "",
		.handler = kinetis_mdm_halt,
	},
	{
		.name = "mass_erase",
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "Issue a complete flash erase via the MDM-AP",
		.usage = "",
		.handler = kinetis_mdm_mass_erase,
	},
	{
		.name = "reset",
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "Issue a reset via the MDM-AP",
		.usage = "",
		.handler = kinetis_mdm_reset,
	},
	COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
};

static const struct command_registration kinetis_exec_command_handlers[] = {
	{
		.name = "mdm",
		.mode = COMMAND_ANY,
		.help = "MDM-AP command group",
		.usage = "",
		.chain = kinetis_security_command_handlers,
	},
	{
		.name = "disable_wdog",
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "Disable the watchdog timer",
		.usage = "",
		.handler = kinetis_disable_wdog_handler,
	},
	{
		.name = "nvm_partition",
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "Show/set data flash or EEPROM backup size in kilobytes,"
			" set two EEPROM sizes in bytes and FlexRAM loading during reset",
		.usage = "('info'|'dataflash' size|'eebkp' size) [eesize1 eesize2] ['on'|'off']",
		.handler = kinetis_nvm_partition,
	},
	{
		.name = "fcf_source",
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "Use protection as a source for Flash Configuration Field or allow writing arbitrary values to the FCF"
			" Mode 'protection' is safe from unwanted locking of the device.",
		.usage = "['protection'|'write']",
		.handler = kinetis_fcf_source_handler,
	},
	{
		.name = "fopt",
		.mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
		.help = "FCF_FOPT value source in 'kinetis fcf_source protection' mode",
		.usage = "[num]",
		.handler = kinetis_fopt_handler,
	},
	{
		.name = "create_banks",
		.mode = COMMAND_CONFIG,
		.help = "Driver creates additional banks if device with two/four flash blocks is probed",
		.handler = kinetis_create_banks_handler,
		.usage = "",
	},
	COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
};

static const struct command_registration kinetis_command_handler[] = {
	{
		.name = "kinetis",
		.mode = COMMAND_ANY,
		.help = "Kinetis flash controller commands",
		.usage = "",
		.chain = kinetis_exec_command_handlers,
	},
	COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
};



const struct flash_driver kinetis_flash = {
	.name = "kinetis",
	.commands = kinetis_command_handler,
	.flash_bank_command = kinetis_flash_bank_command,
	.erase = kinetis_erase,
	.protect = kinetis_protect,
	.write = kinetis_write,
	.read = default_flash_read,
	.probe = kinetis_probe,
	.auto_probe = kinetis_auto_probe,
	.erase_check = kinetis_blank_check,
	.protect_check = kinetis_protect_check,
	.info = kinetis_info,
	.free_driver_priv = kinetis_free_driver_priv,
};