path: root/hw/block/nand.c

/*
 * Flash NAND memory emulation.  Based on "16M x 8 Bit NAND Flash
 * Memory" datasheet for the KM29U128AT / K9F2808U0A chips from
 * Samsung Electronic.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2006 Openedhand Ltd.
 * Written by Andrzej Zaborowski <balrog@zabor.org>
 *
 * Support for additional features based on "MT29F2G16ABCWP 2Gx16"
 * datasheet from Micron Technology and "NAND02G-B2C" datasheet
 * from ST Microelectronics.
 *
 * This code is licensed under the GNU GPL v2.
 *
 * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
 * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
 */

#ifndef NAND_IO

#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "hw/hw.h"
#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
#include "hw/qdev-properties-system.h"
#include "hw/block/flash.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "migration/vmstate.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "qemu/module.h"
#include "qom/object.h"

# define NAND_CMD_READ0         0x00
# define NAND_CMD_READ1         0x01
# define NAND_CMD_READ2         0x50
# define NAND_CMD_LPREAD2       0x30
# define NAND_CMD_NOSERIALREAD2 0x35
# define NAND_CMD_RANDOMREAD1   0x05
# define NAND_CMD_RANDOMREAD2   0xe0
# define NAND_CMD_READID        0x90
# define NAND_CMD_RESET         0xff
# define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM1  0x80
# define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM2  0x10
# define NAND_CMD_CACHEPROGRAM2 0x15
# define NAND_CMD_BLOCKERASE1   0x60
# define NAND_CMD_BLOCKERASE2   0xd0
# define NAND_CMD_READSTATUS    0x70
# define NAND_CMD_COPYBACKPRG1  0x85

# define NAND_IOSTATUS_ERROR    (1 << 0)
# define NAND_IOSTATUS_PLANE0   (1 << 1)
# define NAND_IOSTATUS_PLANE1   (1 << 2)
# define NAND_IOSTATUS_PLANE2   (1 << 3)
# define NAND_IOSTATUS_PLANE3   (1 << 4)
# define NAND_IOSTATUS_READY    (1 << 6)
# define NAND_IOSTATUS_UNPROTCT (1 << 7)

# define MAX_PAGE       0x800
# define MAX_OOB        0x40

typedef struct NANDFlashState NANDFlashState;
struct NANDFlashState {
    DeviceState parent_obj;

    uint8_t manf_id, chip_id;
    uint8_t buswidth; /* in BYTES */
    int size, pages;
    int page_shift, oob_shift, erase_shift, addr_shift;
    uint8_t *storage;
    BlockBackend *blk;
    int mem_oob;

    uint8_t cle, ale, ce, wp, gnd;

    uint8_t io[MAX_PAGE + MAX_OOB + 0x400];
    uint8_t *ioaddr;
    int iolen;

    uint32_t cmd;
    uint64_t addr;
    int addrlen;
    int status;
    int offset;

    void (*blk_write)(NANDFlashState *s);
    void (*blk_erase)(NANDFlashState *s);
    /*
     * Returns %true when block containing (@addr + @offset) is
     * successfully loaded, otherwise %false.
     */
    bool (*blk_load)(NANDFlashState *s, uint64_t addr, unsigned offset);

    uint32_t ioaddr_vmstate;
};

#define TYPE_NAND "nand"

OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(NANDFlashState, NAND)

static void mem_and(uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src, size_t n)
{
    /* Like memcpy() but we logical-AND the data into the destination */
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        dest[i] &= src[i];
    }
}

# define NAND_NO_AUTOINCR   0x00000001
# define NAND_BUSWIDTH_16   0x00000002
# define NAND_NO_PADDING    0x00000004
# define NAND_CACHEPRG      0x00000008
# define NAND_COPYBACK      0x00000010
# define NAND_IS_AND        0x00000020
# define NAND_4PAGE_ARRAY   0x00000040
# define NAND_NO_READRDY    0x00000100
# define NAND_SAMSUNG_LP    (NAND_NO_PADDING | NAND_COPYBACK)

# define NAND_IO

# define PAGE(addr)          ((addr) >> ADDR_SHIFT)
# define PAGE_START(page)    (PAGE(page) * (NAND_PAGE_SIZE + OOB_SIZE))
# define PAGE_MASK           ((1 << ADDR_SHIFT) - 1)
# define OOB_SHIFT           (PAGE_SHIFT - 5)
# define OOB_SIZE            (1 << OOB_SHIFT)
# define SECTOR(addr)        ((addr) >> (9 + ADDR_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT))
# define SECTOR_OFFSET(addr) ((addr) & ((511 >> PAGE_SHIFT) << 8))

# define NAND_PAGE_SIZE     256
# define PAGE_SHIFT         8
# define PAGE_SECTORS       1
# define ADDR_SHIFT         8
# include "nand.c"
# define NAND_PAGE_SIZE     512
# define PAGE_SHIFT         9
# define PAGE_SECTORS       1
# define ADDR_SHIFT         8
# include "nand.c"
# define NAND_PAGE_SIZE     2048
# define PAGE_SHIFT         11
# define PAGE_SECTORS       4
# define ADDR_SHIFT         16
# include "nand.c"

/* Information based on Linux drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nand_ids.c */
static const struct {
    int size;
    int width;
    int page_shift;
    int erase_shift;
    uint32_t options;
} nand_flash_ids[0x100] = {
    [0 ... 0xff] = { 0 },

    [0x6b] = { 4,   8,  9, 4, 0 },
    [0xe3] = { 4,   8,  9, 4, 0 },
    [0xe5] = { 4,   8,  9, 4, 0 },
    [0xd6] = { 8,   8,  9, 4, 0 },
    [0xe6] = { 8,   8,  9, 4, 0 },

    [0x33] = { 16,  8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x73] = { 16,  8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x43] = { 16,  16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },
    [0x53] = { 16,  16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },

    [0x35] = { 32,  8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x75] = { 32,  8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x45] = { 32,  16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },
    [0x55] = { 32,  16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },

    [0x36] = { 64,  8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x76] = { 64,  8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x46] = { 64,  16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },
    [0x56] = { 64,  16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },

    [0x78] = { 128, 8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x39] = { 128, 8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x79] = { 128, 8,  9, 5, 0 },
    [0x72] = { 128, 16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },
    [0x49] = { 128, 16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },
    [0x74] = { 128, 16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },
    [0x59] = { 128, 16, 9, 5, NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 },

    [0x71] = { 256, 8,  9, 5, 0 },

    /*
     * These are the new chips with large page size. The pagesize and the
     * erasesize is determined from the extended id bytes
     */
# define LP_OPTIONS (NAND_SAMSUNG_LP | NAND_NO_READRDY | NAND_NO_AUTOINCR)
# define LP_OPTIONS16 (LP_OPTIONS | NAND_BUSWIDTH_16)

    /* 512 Megabit */
    [0xa2] = { 64,   8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xf2] = { 64,   8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xb2] = { 64,   16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },
    [0xc2] = { 64,   16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },

    /* 1 Gigabit */
    [0xa1] = { 128,  8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xf1] = { 128,  8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xb1] = { 128,  16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },
    [0xc1] = { 128,  16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },

    /* 2 Gigabit */
    [0xaa] = { 256,  8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xda] = { 256,  8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xba] = { 256,  16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },
    [0xca] = { 256,  16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },

    /* 4 Gigabit */
    [0xac] = { 512,  8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xdc] = { 512,  8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xbc] = { 512,  16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },
    [0xcc] = { 512,  16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },

    /* 8 Gigabit */
    [0xa3] = { 1024, 8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xd3] = { 1024, 8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xb3] = { 1024, 16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },
    [0xc3] = { 1024, 16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },

    /* 16 Gigabit */
    [0xa5] = { 2048, 8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xd5] = { 2048, 8,  0, 0, LP_OPTIONS },
    [0xb5] = { 2048, 16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },
    [0xc5] = { 2048, 16, 0, 0, LP_OPTIONS16 },
};

static void nand_reset(DeviceState *dev)
{
    NANDFlashState *s = NAND(dev);
    s->cmd = NAND_CMD_READ0;
    s->addr = 0;
    s->addrlen = 0;
    s->iolen = 0;
    s->offset = 0;
    s->status &= NAND_IOSTATUS_UNPROTCT;
    s->status |= NAND_IOSTATUS_READY;
}

static inline void nand_pushio_byte(NANDFlashState *s, uint8_t value)
{
    s->ioaddr[s->iolen++] = value;
    for (value = s->buswidth; --value;) {
        s->ioaddr[s->iolen++] = 0;
    }
}

/*
 * nand_load_block: Load block containing (s->addr + @offset).
 * Returns length of data available at @offset in this block.
 */
static unsigned nand_load_block(NANDFlashState *s, unsigned offset)
{
    unsigned iolen;

    if (!s->blk_load(s, s->addr, offset)) {
        return 0;
    }

    iolen = (1 << s->page_shift);
    if (s->gnd) {
        iolen += 1 << s->oob_shift;
    }
    assert(offset <= iolen);
    iolen -= offset;

    return iolen;
}

static void nand_command(NANDFlashState *s)
{
    switch (s->cmd) {
    case NAND_CMD_READ0:
        s->iolen = 0;
        break;

    case NAND_CMD_READID:
        s->ioaddr = s->io;
        s->iolen = 0;
        nand_pushio_byte(s, s->manf_id);
        nand_pushio_byte(s, s->chip_id);
        nand_pushio_byte(s, 'Q'); /* Don't-care byte (often 0xa5) */
        if (nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].options & NAND_SAMSUNG_LP) {
            /* Page Size, Block Size, Spare Size; bit 6 indicates
             * 8 vs 16 bit width NAND.
             */
            nand_pushio_byte(s, (s->buswidth == 2) ? 0x55 : 0x15);
        } else {
            nand_pushio_byte(s, 0xc0); /* Multi-plane */
        }
        break;

    case NAND_CMD_RANDOMREAD2:
    case NAND_CMD_NOSERIALREAD2:
        if (!(nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].options & NAND_SAMSUNG_LP))
            break;
        s->iolen = nand_load_block(s, s->addr & ((1 << s->addr_shift) - 1));
        break;

    case NAND_CMD_RESET:
        nand_reset(DEVICE(s));
        break;

    case NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM1:
        s->ioaddr = s->io;
        s->iolen = 0;
        break;

    case NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM2:
        if (s->wp) {
            s->blk_write(s);
        }
        break;

    case NAND_CMD_BLOCKERASE1:
        break;

    case NAND_CMD_BLOCKERASE2:
        s->addr &= (1ull << s->addrlen * 8) - 1;
        s->addr <<= nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].options & NAND_SAMSUNG_LP ?
                                                                    16 : 8;

        if (s->wp) {
            s->blk_erase(s);
        }
        break;

    case NAND_CMD_READSTATUS:
        s->ioaddr = s->io;
        s->iolen = 0;
        nand_pushio_byte(s, s->status);
        break;

    default:
        printf("%s: Unknown NAND command 0x%02x\n", __func__, s->cmd);
    }
}

static int nand_pre_save(void *opaque)
{
    NANDFlashState *s = NAND(opaque);

    s->ioaddr_vmstate = s->ioaddr - s->io;

    return 0;
}

static int nand_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
{
    NANDFlashState *s = NAND(opaque);

    if (s->ioaddr_vmstate > sizeof(s->io)) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }
    s->ioaddr = s->io + s->ioaddr_vmstate;

    return 0;
}

static const VMStateDescription vmstate_nand = {
    .name = "nand",
    .version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id = 1,
    .pre_save = nand_pre_save,
    .post_load = nand_post_load,
    .fields = (const VMStateField[]) {
        VMSTATE_UINT8(cle, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(ale, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(ce, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(wp, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(gnd, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_BUFFER(io, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(ioaddr_vmstate, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_INT32(iolen, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(cmd, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_UINT64(addr, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_INT32(addrlen, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_INT32(status, NANDFlashState),
        VMSTATE_INT32(offset, NANDFlashState),
        /* XXX: do we want to save s->storage too? */
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    }
};

static void nand_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
{
    int pagesize;
    NANDFlashState *s = NAND(dev);
    int ret;


    s->buswidth = nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].width >> 3;
    s->size = nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].size << 20;
    if (nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].options & NAND_SAMSUNG_LP) {
        s->page_shift = 11;
        s->erase_shift = 6;
    } else {
        s->page_shift = nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].page_shift;
        s->erase_shift = nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].erase_shift;
    }

    switch (1 << s->page_shift) {
    case 256:
        nand_init_256(s);
        break;
    case 512:
        nand_init_512(s);
        break;
    case 2048:
        nand_init_2048(s);
        break;
    default:
        error_setg(errp, "Unsupported NAND block size %#x",
                   1 << s->page_shift);
        return;
    }

    pagesize = 1 << s->oob_shift;
    s->mem_oob = 1;
    if (s->blk) {
        if (!blk_supports_write_perm(s->blk)) {
            error_setg(errp, "Can't use a read-only drive");
            return;
        }
        ret = blk_set_perm(s->blk, BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_WRITE,
                           BLK_PERM_ALL, errp);
        if (ret < 0) {
            return;
        }
        if (blk_getlength(s->blk) >=
                (s->pages << s->page_shift) + (s->pages << s->oob_shift)) {
            pagesize = 0;
            s->mem_oob = 0;
        }
    } else {
        pagesize += 1 << s->page_shift;
    }
    if (pagesize) {
        s->storage = (uint8_t *) memset(g_malloc(s->pages * pagesize),
                        0xff, s->pages * pagesize);
    }
    /* Give s->ioaddr a sane value in case we save state before it is used. */
    s->ioaddr = s->io;
}

static const Property nand_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("manufacturer_id", NANDFlashState, manf_id, 0),
    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("chip_id", NANDFlashState, chip_id, 0),
    DEFINE_PROP_DRIVE("drive", NANDFlashState, blk),
};

static void nand_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    dc->realize = nand_realize;
    device_class_set_legacy_reset(dc, nand_reset);
    dc->vmsd = &vmstate_nand;
    device_class_set_props(dc, nand_properties);
    set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
}

static const TypeInfo nand_info = {
    .name          = TYPE_NAND,
    .parent        = TYPE_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(NANDFlashState),
    .class_init    = nand_class_init,
};

static void nand_register_types(void)
{
    type_register_static(&nand_info);
}

/*
 * Chip inputs are CLE, ALE, CE, WP, GND and eight I/O pins.  Chip
 * outputs are R/B and eight I/O pins.
 *
 * CE, WP and R/B are active low.
 */
void nand_setpins(DeviceState *dev, uint8_t cle, uint8_t ale,
                  uint8_t ce, uint8_t wp, uint8_t gnd)
{
    NANDFlashState *s = NAND(dev);

    s->cle = cle;
    s->ale = ale;
    s->ce = ce;
    s->wp = wp;
    s->gnd = gnd;
    if (wp) {
        s->status |= NAND_IOSTATUS_UNPROTCT;
    } else {
        s->status &= ~NAND_IOSTATUS_UNPROTCT;
    }
}

void nand_getpins(DeviceState *dev, int *rb)
{
    *rb = 1;
}

void nand_setio(DeviceState *dev, uint32_t value)
{
    int i;
    NANDFlashState *s = NAND(dev);

    if (!s->ce && s->cle) {
        if (nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].options & NAND_SAMSUNG_LP) {
            if (s->cmd == NAND_CMD_READ0 && value == NAND_CMD_LPREAD2)
                return;
            if (value == NAND_CMD_RANDOMREAD1) {
                s->addr &= ~((1 << s->addr_shift) - 1);
                s->addrlen = 0;
                return;
            }
        }
        if (value == NAND_CMD_READ0) {
            s->offset = 0;
        } else if (value == NAND_CMD_READ1) {
            s->offset = 0x100;
            value = NAND_CMD_READ0;
        } else if (value == NAND_CMD_READ2) {
            s->offset = 1 << s->page_shift;
            value = NAND_CMD_READ0;
        }

        s->cmd = value;

        if (s->cmd == NAND_CMD_READSTATUS ||
                s->cmd == NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM2 ||
                s->cmd == NAND_CMD_BLOCKERASE1 ||
                s->cmd == NAND_CMD_BLOCKERASE2 ||
                s->cmd == NAND_CMD_NOSERIALREAD2 ||
                s->cmd == NAND_CMD_RANDOMREAD2 ||
                s->cmd == NAND_CMD_RESET) {
            nand_command(s);
        }

        if (s->cmd != NAND_CMD_RANDOMREAD2) {
            s->addrlen = 0;
        }
    }

    if (s->ale) {
        unsigned int shift = s->addrlen * 8;
        uint64_t mask = ~(0xffull << shift);
        uint64_t v = (uint64_t)value << shift;

        s->addr = (s->addr & mask) | v;
        s->addrlen ++;

        switch (s->addrlen) {
        case 1:
            if (s->cmd == NAND_CMD_READID) {
                nand_command(s);
            }
            break;
        case 2: /* fix cache address as a byte address */
            s->addr <<= (s->buswidth - 1);
            break;
        case 3:
            if (!(nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].options & NAND_SAMSUNG_LP) &&
                    (s->cmd == NAND_CMD_READ0 ||
                     s->cmd == NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM1)) {
                nand_command(s);
            }
            break;
        case 4:
            if ((nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].options & NAND_SAMSUNG_LP) &&
                    nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].size < 256 && /* 1Gb or less */
                    (s->cmd == NAND_CMD_READ0 ||
                     s->cmd == NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM1)) {
                nand_command(s);
            }
            break;
        case 5:
            if ((nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].options & NAND_SAMSUNG_LP) &&
                    nand_flash_ids[s->chip_id].size >= 256 && /* 2Gb or more */
                    (s->cmd == NAND_CMD_READ0 ||
                     s->cmd == NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM1)) {
                nand_command(s);
            }
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }

    if (!s->cle && !s->ale && s->cmd == NAND_CMD_PAGEPROGRAM1) {
        if (s->iolen < (1 << s->page_shift) + (1 << s->oob_shift)) {
            for (i = s->buswidth; i--; value >>= 8) {
                s->io[s->iolen ++] = (uint8_t) (value & 0xff);
            }
        }
    } else if (!s->cle && !s->ale && s->cmd == NAND_CMD_COPYBACKPRG1) {
        if ((s->addr & ((1 << s->addr_shift) - 1)) <
                (1 << s->page_shift) + (1 << s->oob_shift)) {
            for (i = s->buswidth; i--; s->addr++, value >>= 8) {
                s->io[s->iolen + (s->addr & ((1 << s->addr_shift) - 1))] =
                    (uint8_t) (value & 0xff);
            }
        }
    }
}

uint32_t nand_getio(DeviceState *dev)
{
    int offset;
    uint32_t x = 0;
    NANDFlashState *s = NAND(dev);

    /* Allow sequential reading */
    if (!s->iolen && s->cmd == NAND_CMD_READ0) {
        offset = (int) (s->addr & ((1 << s->addr_shift) - 1)) + s->offset;
        s->offset = 0;
        s->iolen = nand_load_block(s, offset);
    }

    if (s->ce || s->iolen <= 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    for (offset = s->buswidth; offset--;) {
        x |= s->ioaddr[offset] << (offset << 3);
    }
    /* after receiving READ STATUS command all subsequent reads will
     * return the status register value until another command is issued
     */
    if (s->cmd != NAND_CMD_READSTATUS) {
        s->addr   += s->buswidth;
        s->ioaddr += s->buswidth;
        s->iolen  -= s->buswidth;
    }
    return x;
}

uint32_t nand_getbuswidth(DeviceState *dev)
{
    NANDFlashState *s = (NANDFlashState *) dev;
    return s->buswidth << 3;
}

DeviceState *nand_init(BlockBackend *blk, int manf_id, int chip_id)
{
    DeviceState *dev;

    if (nand_flash_ids[chip_id].size == 0) {
        hw_error("%s: Unsupported NAND chip ID.\n", __func__);
    }
    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_NAND);
    qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "manufacturer_id", manf_id);
    qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "chip_id", chip_id);
    if (blk) {
        qdev_prop_set_drive_err(dev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
    }

    qdev_realize(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
    return dev;
}

type_init(nand_register_types)

#else

/* Program a single page */
static void glue(nand_blk_write_, NAND_PAGE_SIZE)(NANDFlashState *s)
{
    uint64_t off, page, sector, soff;
    uint8_t iobuf[(PAGE_SECTORS + 2) * 0x200];
    if (PAGE(s->addr) >= s->pages)
        return;

    if (!s->blk) {
        mem_and(s->storage + PAGE_START(s->addr) + (s->addr & PAGE_MASK) +
                        s->offset, s->io, s->iolen);
    } else if (s->mem_oob) {
        sector = SECTOR(s->addr);
        off = (s->addr & PAGE_MASK) + s->offset;
        soff = SECTOR_OFFSET(s->addr);
        if (blk_pread(s->blk, sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                      PAGE_SECTORS << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
            printf("%s: read error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, sector);
            return;
        }

        mem_and(iobuf + (soff | off), s->io, MIN(s->iolen, NAND_PAGE_SIZE - off));
        if (off + s->iolen > NAND_PAGE_SIZE) {
            page = PAGE(s->addr);
            mem_and(s->storage + (page << OOB_SHIFT), s->io + NAND_PAGE_SIZE - off,
                            MIN(OOB_SIZE, off + s->iolen - NAND_PAGE_SIZE));
        }

        if (blk_pwrite(s->blk, sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                       PAGE_SECTORS << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
            printf("%s: write error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, sector);
        }
    } else {
        off = PAGE_START(s->addr) + (s->addr & PAGE_MASK) + s->offset;
        sector = off >> 9;
        soff = off & 0x1ff;
        if (blk_pread(s->blk, sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                      (PAGE_SECTORS + 2) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
            printf("%s: read error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, sector);
            return;
        }

        mem_and(iobuf + soff, s->io, s->iolen);

        if (blk_pwrite(s->blk, sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                       (PAGE_SECTORS + 2) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
            printf("%s: write error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, sector);
        }
    }
    s->offset = 0;
}

/* Erase a single block */
static void glue(nand_blk_erase_, NAND_PAGE_SIZE)(NANDFlashState *s)
{
    uint64_t i, page, addr;
    uint8_t iobuf[0x200] = { [0 ... 0x1ff] = 0xff, };
    addr = s->addr & ~((1 << (ADDR_SHIFT + s->erase_shift)) - 1);

    if (PAGE(addr) >= s->pages) {
        return;
    }

    if (!s->blk) {
        memset(s->storage + PAGE_START(addr),
                        0xff, (NAND_PAGE_SIZE + OOB_SIZE) << s->erase_shift);
    } else if (s->mem_oob) {
        memset(s->storage + (PAGE(addr) << OOB_SHIFT),
                        0xff, OOB_SIZE << s->erase_shift);
        i = SECTOR(addr);
        page = SECTOR(addr + (1 << (ADDR_SHIFT + s->erase_shift)));
        for (; i < page; i ++)
            if (blk_pwrite(s->blk, i << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                           BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
                printf("%s: write error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, i);
            }
    } else {
        addr = PAGE_START(addr);
        page = addr >> 9;
        if (blk_pread(s->blk, page << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                      BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
            printf("%s: read error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, page);
        }
        memset(iobuf + (addr & 0x1ff), 0xff, (~addr & 0x1ff) + 1);
        if (blk_pwrite(s->blk, page << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                       BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
            printf("%s: write error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, page);
        }

        memset(iobuf, 0xff, 0x200);
        i = (addr & ~0x1ff) + 0x200;
        for (addr += ((NAND_PAGE_SIZE + OOB_SIZE) << s->erase_shift) - 0x200;
                        i < addr; i += 0x200) {
            if (blk_pwrite(s->blk, i, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
                printf("%s: write error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n",
                       __func__, i >> 9);
            }
        }

        page = i >> 9;
        if (blk_pread(s->blk, page << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                      BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
            printf("%s: read error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, page);
        }
        memset(iobuf, 0xff, ((addr - 1) & 0x1ff) + 1);
        if (blk_pwrite(s->blk, page << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                       BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, iobuf, 0) < 0) {
            printf("%s: write error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n", __func__, page);
        }
    }
}

static bool glue(nand_blk_load_, NAND_PAGE_SIZE)(NANDFlashState *s,
                                                 uint64_t addr, unsigned offset)
{
    if (PAGE(addr) >= s->pages) {
        return false;
    }

    if (offset > NAND_PAGE_SIZE + OOB_SIZE) {
        return false;
    }

    if (s->blk) {
        if (s->mem_oob) {
            if (blk_pread(s->blk, SECTOR(addr) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                          PAGE_SECTORS << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, s->io, 0) < 0) {
                printf("%s: read error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n",
                                __func__, SECTOR(addr));
            }
            memcpy(s->io + SECTOR_OFFSET(s->addr) + NAND_PAGE_SIZE,
                            s->storage + (PAGE(s->addr) << OOB_SHIFT),
                            OOB_SIZE);
            s->ioaddr = s->io + SECTOR_OFFSET(s->addr) + offset;
        } else {
            if (blk_pread(s->blk, PAGE_START(addr),
                          (PAGE_SECTORS + 2) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, s->io, 0)
                < 0) {
                printf("%s: read error in sector %" PRIu64 "\n",
                                __func__, PAGE_START(addr) >> 9);
            }
            s->ioaddr = s->io + (PAGE_START(addr) & 0x1ff) + offset;
        }
    } else {
        memcpy(s->io, s->storage + PAGE_START(s->addr) +
                        offset, NAND_PAGE_SIZE + OOB_SIZE - offset);
        s->ioaddr = s->io;
    }

    return true;
}

static void glue(nand_init_, NAND_PAGE_SIZE)(NANDFlashState *s)
{
    s->oob_shift = PAGE_SHIFT - 5;
    s->pages = s->size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
    s->addr_shift = ADDR_SHIFT;

    s->blk_erase = glue(nand_blk_erase_, NAND_PAGE_SIZE);
    s->blk_write = glue(nand_blk_write_, NAND_PAGE_SIZE);
    s->blk_load = glue(nand_blk_load_, NAND_PAGE_SIZE);
}

# undef NAND_PAGE_SIZE
# undef PAGE_SHIFT
# undef PAGE_SECTORS
# undef ADDR_SHIFT
#endif /* NAND_IO */