aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/disas/capstone.c
blob: 7462c0e3053f445e5a8461e029c3ed196b844d44 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
/*
 * Interface to the capstone disassembler.
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 */

#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qemu/bswap.h"
#include "disas/dis-asm.h"
#include "disas/capstone.h"


/*
 * Temporary storage for the capstone library.  This will be alloced via
 * malloc with a size private to the library; thus there's no reason not
 * to share this across calls and across host vs target disassembly.
 */
static __thread cs_insn *cap_insn;

/*
 * The capstone library always skips 2 bytes for S390X.
 * This is less than ideal, since we can tell from the first two bits
 * the size of the insn and thus stay in sync with the insn stream.
 */
static size_t CAPSTONE_API
cap_skipdata_s390x_cb(const uint8_t *code, size_t code_size,
                      size_t offset, void *user_data)
{
    size_t ilen;

    /* See get_ilen() in target/s390x/internal.h.  */
    switch (code[offset] >> 6) {
    case 0:
        ilen = 2;
        break;
    case 1:
    case 2:
        ilen = 4;
        break;
    default:
        ilen = 6;
        break;
    }

    return ilen;
}

static const cs_opt_skipdata cap_skipdata_s390x = {
    .mnemonic = ".byte",
    .callback = cap_skipdata_s390x_cb
};

/*
 * Initialize the Capstone library.
 *
 * ??? It would be nice to cache this.  We would need one handle for the
 * host and one for the target.  For most targets we can reset specific
 * parameters via cs_option(CS_OPT_MODE, new_mode), but we cannot change
 * CS_ARCH_* in this way.  Thus we would need to be able to close and
 * re-open the target handle with a different arch for the target in order
 * to handle AArch64 vs AArch32 mode switching.
 */
static cs_err cap_disas_start(disassemble_info *info, csh *handle)
{
    cs_mode cap_mode = info->cap_mode;
    cs_err err;

    cap_mode += (info->endian == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG ? CS_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN
                 : CS_MODE_LITTLE_ENDIAN);

    err = cs_open(info->cap_arch, cap_mode, handle);
    if (err != CS_ERR_OK) {
        return err;
    }

    /* "Disassemble" unknown insns as ".byte W,X,Y,Z".  */
    cs_option(*handle, CS_OPT_SKIPDATA, CS_OPT_ON);

    switch (info->cap_arch) {
    case CS_ARCH_SYSZ:
        cs_option(*handle, CS_OPT_SKIPDATA_SETUP,
                  (uintptr_t)&cap_skipdata_s390x);
        break;

    case CS_ARCH_X86:
        /*
         * We don't care about errors (if for some reason the library
         * is compiled without AT&T syntax); the user will just have
         * to deal with the Intel syntax.
         */
        cs_option(*handle, CS_OPT_SYNTAX, CS_OPT_SYNTAX_ATT);
        break;
    }

    /* Allocate temp space for cs_disasm_iter.  */
    if (cap_insn == NULL) {
        cap_insn = cs_malloc(*handle);
        if (cap_insn == NULL) {
            cs_close(handle);
            return CS_ERR_MEM;
        }
    }
    return CS_ERR_OK;
}

static void cap_dump_insn_units(disassemble_info *info, cs_insn *insn,
                                int i, int n)
{
    fprintf_function print = info->fprintf_func;
    FILE *stream = info->stream;

    switch (info->cap_insn_unit) {
    case 4:
        if (info->endian == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG) {
            for (; i < n; i += 4) {
                print(stream, " %08x", ldl_be_p(insn->bytes + i));

            }
        } else {
            for (; i < n; i += 4) {
                print(stream, " %08x", ldl_le_p(insn->bytes + i));
            }
        }
        break;

    case 2:
        if (info->endian == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG) {
            for (; i < n; i += 2) {
                print(stream, " %04x", lduw_be_p(insn->bytes + i));
            }
        } else {
            for (; i < n; i += 2) {
                print(stream, " %04x", lduw_le_p(insn->bytes + i));
            }
        }
        break;

    default:
        for (; i < n; i++) {
            print(stream, " %02x", insn->bytes[i]);
        }
        break;
    }
}

static void cap_dump_insn(disassemble_info *info, cs_insn *insn)
{
    fprintf_function print = info->fprintf_func;
    FILE *stream = info->stream;
    int i, n, split;

    print(stream, "0x%08" PRIx64 ": ", insn->address);

    n = insn->size;
    split = info->cap_insn_split;

    /* Dump the first SPLIT bytes of the instruction.  */
    cap_dump_insn_units(info, insn, 0, MIN(n, split));

    /* Add padding up to SPLIT so that mnemonics line up.  */
    if (n < split) {
        int width = (split - n) / info->cap_insn_unit;
        width *= (2 * info->cap_insn_unit + 1);
        print(stream, "%*s", width, "");
    }

    /* Print the actual instruction.  */
    print(stream, "  %-8s %s\n", insn->mnemonic, insn->op_str);

    /* Dump any remaining part of the insn on subsequent lines.  */
    for (i = split; i < n; i += split) {
        print(stream, "0x%08" PRIx64 ": ", insn->address + i);
        cap_dump_insn_units(info, insn, i, MIN(n, i + split));
        print(stream, "\n");
    }
}

/* Disassemble SIZE bytes at PC for the target.  */
bool cap_disas_target(disassemble_info *info, uint64_t pc, size_t size)
{
    uint8_t cap_buf[1024];
    csh handle;
    cs_insn *insn;
    size_t csize = 0;

    if (cap_disas_start(info, &handle) != CS_ERR_OK) {
        return false;
    }
    insn = cap_insn;

    while (1) {
        size_t tsize = MIN(sizeof(cap_buf) - csize, size);
        const uint8_t *cbuf = cap_buf;

        info->read_memory_func(pc + csize, cap_buf + csize, tsize, info);
        csize += tsize;
        size -= tsize;

        while (cs_disasm_iter(handle, &cbuf, &csize, &pc, insn)) {
            cap_dump_insn(info, insn);
        }

        /* If the target memory is not consumed, go back for more... */
        if (size != 0) {
            /*
             * ... taking care to move any remaining fractional insn
             * to the beginning of the buffer.
             */
            if (csize != 0) {
                memmove(cap_buf, cbuf, csize);
            }
            continue;
        }

        /*
         * Since the target memory is consumed, we should not have
         * a remaining fractional insn.
         */
        if (csize != 0) {
            info->fprintf_func(info->stream,
                "Disassembler disagrees with translator "
                "over instruction decoding\n"
                "Please report this to qemu-devel@nongnu.org\n");
        }
        break;
    }

    cs_close(&handle);
    return true;
}

/* Disassemble SIZE bytes at CODE for the host.  */
bool cap_disas_host(disassemble_info *info, void *code, size_t size)
{
    csh handle;
    const uint8_t *cbuf;
    cs_insn *insn;
    uint64_t pc;

    if (cap_disas_start(info, &handle) != CS_ERR_OK) {
        return false;
    }
    insn = cap_insn;

    cbuf = code;
    pc = (uintptr_t)code;

    while (cs_disasm_iter(handle, &cbuf, &size, &pc, insn)) {
        cap_dump_insn(info, insn);
    }
    if (size != 0) {
        info->fprintf_func(info->stream,
            "Disassembler disagrees with TCG over instruction encoding\n"
            "Please report this to qemu-devel@nongnu.org\n");
    }

    cs_close(&handle);
    return true;
}

/* Disassemble COUNT insns at PC for the target.  */
bool cap_disas_monitor(disassemble_info *info, uint64_t pc, int count)
{
    uint8_t cap_buf[32];
    csh handle;
    cs_insn *insn;
    size_t csize = 0;

    if (cap_disas_start(info, &handle) != CS_ERR_OK) {
        return false;
    }
    insn = cap_insn;

    while (1) {
        /*
         * We want to read memory for one insn, but generically we do not
         * know how much memory that is.  We have a small buffer which is
         * known to be sufficient for all supported targets.  Try to not
         * read beyond the page, Just In Case.  For even more simplicity,
         * ignore the actual target page size and use a 1k boundary.  If
         * that turns out to be insufficient, we'll come back around the
         * loop and read more.
         */
        uint64_t epc = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(pc + csize + 1, 1024);
        size_t tsize = MIN(sizeof(cap_buf) - csize, epc - pc);
        const uint8_t *cbuf = cap_buf;

        /* Make certain that we can make progress.  */
        assert(tsize != 0);
        info->read_memory_func(pc + csize, cap_buf + csize, tsize, info);
        csize += tsize;

        if (cs_disasm_iter(handle, &cbuf, &csize, &pc, insn)) {
            cap_dump_insn(info, insn);
            if (--count <= 0) {
                break;
            }
        }
        memmove(cap_buf, cbuf, csize);
    }

    cs_close(&handle);
    return true;
}

/* Disassemble a single instruction directly into plugin output */
bool cap_disas_plugin(disassemble_info *info, uint64_t pc, size_t size)
{
    uint8_t cap_buf[32];
    const uint8_t *cbuf = cap_buf;
    csh handle;

    if (cap_disas_start(info, &handle) != CS_ERR_OK) {
        return false;
    }

    assert(size < sizeof(cap_buf));
    info->read_memory_func(pc, cap_buf, size, info);

    if (cs_disasm_iter(handle, &cbuf, &size, &pc, cap_insn)) {
        info->fprintf_func(info->stream, "%s %s",
                           cap_insn->mnemonic, cap_insn->op_str);
    }

    cs_close(&handle);
    return true;
}