blkio: add libblkio block driver

libblkio (https://gitlab.com/libblkio/libblkio/) is a library for
high-performance disk I/O. It currently supports io_uring,
virtio-blk-vhost-user, and virtio-blk-vhost-vdpa with additional drivers
under development.

One of the reasons for developing libblkio is that other applications
besides QEMU can use it. This will be particularly useful for
virtio-blk-vhost-user which applications may wish to use for connecting
to qemu-storage-daemon.

libblkio also gives us an opportunity to develop in Rust behind a C API
that is easy to consume from QEMU.

This commit adds io_uring, nvme-io_uring, virtio-blk-vhost-user, and
virtio-blk-vhost-vdpa BlockDrivers to QEMU using libblkio. It will be
easy to add other libblkio drivers since they will share the majority of
code.

For now I/O buffers are copied through bounce buffers if the libblkio
driver requires it. Later commits add an optimization for
pre-registering guest RAM to avoid bounce buffers.

The syntax is:

  --blockdev io_uring,node-name=drive0,filename=test.img,readonly=on|off,cache.direct=on|off

  --blockdev nvme-io_uring,node-name=drive0,filename=/dev/ng0n1,readonly=on|off,cache.direct=on

  --blockdev virtio-blk-vhost-vdpa,node-name=drive0,path=/dev/vdpa...,readonly=on|off,cache.direct=on

  --blockdev virtio-blk-vhost-user,node-name=drive0,path=vhost-user-blk.sock,readonly=on|off,cache.direct=on

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefano Garzarella <sgarzare@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20221013185908.1297568-3-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>

1 files changed, 831 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/block/blkio.c b/block/blkio.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0cfd74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/block/blkio.c
@@ -0,0 +1,831 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+/*
+ * libblkio BlockDriver
+ *
+ * Copyright Red Hat, Inc.
+ *
+ * Author:
+ *   Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include <blkio.h>
+#include "block/block_int.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
+#include "qemu/module.h"
+
+/*
+ * Keep the QEMU BlockDriver names identical to the libblkio driver names.
+ * Using macros instead of typing out the string literals avoids typos.
+ */
+#define DRIVER_IO_URING "io_uring"
+#define DRIVER_NVME_IO_URING "nvme-io_uring"
+#define DRIVER_VIRTIO_BLK_VHOST_USER "virtio-blk-vhost-user"
+#define DRIVER_VIRTIO_BLK_VHOST_VDPA "virtio-blk-vhost-vdpa"
+
+/*
+ * Allocated bounce buffers are kept in a list sorted by buffer address.
+ */
+typedef struct BlkioBounceBuf {
+    QLIST_ENTRY(BlkioBounceBuf) next;
+
+    /* The bounce buffer */
+    struct iovec buf;
+} BlkioBounceBuf;
+
+typedef struct {
+    /*
+     * libblkio is not thread-safe so this lock protects ->blkio and
+     * ->blkioq.
+     */
+    QemuMutex blkio_lock;
+    struct blkio *blkio;
+    struct blkioq *blkioq; /* make this multi-queue in the future... */
+    int completion_fd;
+
+    /*
+     * Polling fetches the next completion into this field.
+     *
+     * No lock is necessary since only one thread calls aio_poll() and invokes
+     * fd and poll handlers.
+     */
+    struct blkio_completion poll_completion;
+
+    /*
+     * Protects ->bounce_pool, ->bounce_bufs, ->bounce_available.
+     *
+     * Lock ordering: ->bounce_lock before ->blkio_lock.
+     */
+    CoMutex bounce_lock;
+
+    /* Bounce buffer pool */
+    struct blkio_mem_region bounce_pool;
+
+    /* Sorted list of allocated bounce buffers */
+    QLIST_HEAD(, BlkioBounceBuf) bounce_bufs;
+
+    /* Queue for coroutines waiting for bounce buffer space */
+    CoQueue bounce_available;
+
+    /* The value of the "mem-region-alignment" property */
+    size_t mem_region_alignment;
+
+    /* Can we skip adding/deleting blkio_mem_regions? */
+    bool needs_mem_regions;
+} BDRVBlkioState;
+
+/* Called with s->bounce_lock held */
+static int blkio_resize_bounce_pool(BDRVBlkioState *s, int64_t bytes)
+{
+    /* There can be no allocated bounce buffers during resize */
+    assert(QLIST_EMPTY(&s->bounce_bufs));
+
+    /* Pad size to reduce frequency of resize calls */
+    bytes += 128 * 1024;
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        int ret;
+
+        if (s->bounce_pool.addr) {
+            blkio_unmap_mem_region(s->blkio, &s->bounce_pool);
+            blkio_free_mem_region(s->blkio, &s->bounce_pool);
+            memset(&s->bounce_pool, 0, sizeof(s->bounce_pool));
+        }
+
+        /* Automatically freed when s->blkio is destroyed */
+        ret = blkio_alloc_mem_region(s->blkio, &s->bounce_pool, bytes);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        ret = blkio_map_mem_region(s->blkio, &s->bounce_pool);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            blkio_free_mem_region(s->blkio, &s->bounce_pool);
+            memset(&s->bounce_pool, 0, sizeof(s->bounce_pool));
+            return ret;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Called with s->bounce_lock held */
+static bool
+blkio_do_alloc_bounce_buffer(BDRVBlkioState *s, BlkioBounceBuf *bounce,
+                             int64_t bytes)
+{
+    void *addr = s->bounce_pool.addr;
+    BlkioBounceBuf *cur = NULL;
+    BlkioBounceBuf *prev = NULL;
+    ptrdiff_t space;
+
+    /*
+     * This is just a linear search over the holes between requests. An
+     * efficient allocator would be nice.
+     */
+    QLIST_FOREACH(cur, &s->bounce_bufs, next) {
+        space = cur->buf.iov_base - addr;
+        if (bytes <= space) {
+            QLIST_INSERT_BEFORE(cur, bounce, next);
+            bounce->buf.iov_base = addr;
+            bounce->buf.iov_len = bytes;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        addr = cur->buf.iov_base + cur->buf.iov_len;
+        prev = cur;
+    }
+
+    /* Is there space after the last request? */
+    space = s->bounce_pool.addr + s->bounce_pool.len - addr;
+    if (bytes > space) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (prev) {
+        QLIST_INSERT_AFTER(prev, bounce, next);
+    } else {
+        QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&s->bounce_bufs, bounce, next);
+    }
+    bounce->buf.iov_base = addr;
+    bounce->buf.iov_len = bytes;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static int coroutine_fn
+blkio_alloc_bounce_buffer(BDRVBlkioState *s, BlkioBounceBuf *bounce,
+                          int64_t bytes)
+{
+    /*
+     * Ensure fairness: first time around we join the back of the queue,
+     * subsequently we join the front so we don't lose our place.
+     */
+    CoQueueWaitFlags wait_flags = 0;
+
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->bounce_lock);
+
+    /* Ensure fairness: don't even try if other requests are already waiting */
+    if (!qemu_co_queue_empty(&s->bounce_available)) {
+        qemu_co_queue_wait_flags(&s->bounce_available, &s->bounce_lock,
+                                 wait_flags);
+        wait_flags = CO_QUEUE_WAIT_FRONT;
+    }
+
+    while (true) {
+        if (blkio_do_alloc_bounce_buffer(s, bounce, bytes)) {
+            /* Kick the next queued request since there may be space */
+            qemu_co_queue_next(&s->bounce_available);
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * If there are no in-flight requests then the pool was simply too
+         * small.
+         */
+        if (QLIST_EMPTY(&s->bounce_bufs)) {
+            bool ok;
+            int ret;
+
+            ret = blkio_resize_bounce_pool(s, bytes);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                /* Kick the next queued request since that may fail too */
+                qemu_co_queue_next(&s->bounce_available);
+                return ret;
+            }
+
+            ok = blkio_do_alloc_bounce_buffer(s, bounce, bytes);
+            assert(ok); /* must have space this time */
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        qemu_co_queue_wait_flags(&s->bounce_available, &s->bounce_lock,
+                                 wait_flags);
+        wait_flags = CO_QUEUE_WAIT_FRONT;
+    }
+}
+
+static void coroutine_fn blkio_free_bounce_buffer(BDRVBlkioState *s,
+                                                  BlkioBounceBuf *bounce)
+{
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->bounce_lock);
+
+    QLIST_REMOVE(bounce, next);
+
+    /* Wake up waiting coroutines since space may now be available */
+    qemu_co_queue_next(&s->bounce_available);
+}
+
+/* For async to .bdrv_co_*() conversion */
+typedef struct {
+    Coroutine *coroutine;
+    int ret;
+} BlkioCoData;
+
+static void blkio_completion_fd_read(void *opaque)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    uint64_t val;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* Polling may have already fetched a completion */
+    if (s->poll_completion.user_data != NULL) {
+        BlkioCoData *cod = s->poll_completion.user_data;
+        cod->ret = s->poll_completion.ret;
+
+        /* Clear it in case aio_co_wake() enters a nested event loop */
+        s->poll_completion.user_data = NULL;
+
+        aio_co_wake(cod->coroutine);
+    }
+
+    /* Reset completion fd status */
+    ret = read(s->completion_fd, &val, sizeof(val));
+
+    /* Ignore errors, there's nothing we can do */
+    (void)ret;
+
+    /*
+     * Reading one completion at a time makes nested event loop re-entrancy
+     * simple. Change this loop to get multiple completions in one go if it
+     * becomes a performance bottleneck.
+     */
+    while (true) {
+        struct blkio_completion completion;
+
+        WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+            ret = blkioq_do_io(s->blkioq, &completion, 0, 1, NULL);
+        }
+        if (ret != 1) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        BlkioCoData *cod = completion.user_data;
+        cod->ret = completion.ret;
+        aio_co_wake(cod->coroutine);
+    }
+}
+
+static bool blkio_completion_fd_poll(void *opaque)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* Just in case we already fetched a completion */
+    if (s->poll_completion.user_data != NULL) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        ret = blkioq_do_io(s->blkioq, &s->poll_completion, 0, 1, NULL);
+    }
+    return ret == 1;
+}
+
+static void blkio_completion_fd_poll_ready(void *opaque)
+{
+    blkio_completion_fd_read(opaque);
+}
+
+static void blkio_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                     AioContext *new_context)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+
+    aio_set_fd_handler(new_context,
+                       s->completion_fd,
+                       false,
+                       blkio_completion_fd_read,
+                       NULL,
+                       blkio_completion_fd_poll,
+                       blkio_completion_fd_poll_ready,
+                       bs);
+}
+
+static void blkio_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+
+    aio_set_fd_handler(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
+                       s->completion_fd,
+                       false, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+/* Call with s->blkio_lock held to submit I/O after enqueuing a new request */
+static void blkio_submit_io(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    if (qatomic_read(&bs->io_plugged) == 0) {
+        BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+
+        blkioq_do_io(s->blkioq, NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
+    }
+}
+
+static int coroutine_fn
+blkio_co_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset, int64_t bytes)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    BlkioCoData cod = {
+        .coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self(),
+    };
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        blkioq_discard(s->blkioq, offset, bytes, &cod, 0);
+        blkio_submit_io(bs);
+    }
+
+    qemu_coroutine_yield();
+    return cod.ret;
+}
+
+static int coroutine_fn
+blkio_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
+                QEMUIOVector *qiov, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
+{
+    BlkioCoData cod = {
+        .coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self(),
+    };
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    bool use_bounce_buffer = s->needs_mem_regions;
+    BlkioBounceBuf bounce;
+    struct iovec *iov = qiov->iov;
+    int iovcnt = qiov->niov;
+
+    if (use_bounce_buffer) {
+        int ret = blkio_alloc_bounce_buffer(s, &bounce, bytes);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        iov = &bounce.buf;
+        iovcnt = 1;
+    }
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        blkioq_readv(s->blkioq, offset, iov, iovcnt, &cod, 0);
+        blkio_submit_io(bs);
+    }
+
+    qemu_coroutine_yield();
+
+    if (use_bounce_buffer) {
+        if (cod.ret == 0) {
+            qemu_iovec_from_buf(qiov, 0,
+                                bounce.buf.iov_base,
+                                bounce.buf.iov_len);
+        }
+
+        blkio_free_bounce_buffer(s, &bounce);
+    }
+
+    return cod.ret;
+}
+
+static int coroutine_fn blkio_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
+        int64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
+{
+    uint32_t blkio_flags = (flags & BDRV_REQ_FUA) ? BLKIO_REQ_FUA : 0;
+    BlkioCoData cod = {
+        .coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self(),
+    };
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    bool use_bounce_buffer = s->needs_mem_regions;
+    BlkioBounceBuf bounce;
+    struct iovec *iov = qiov->iov;
+    int iovcnt = qiov->niov;
+
+    if (use_bounce_buffer) {
+        int ret = blkio_alloc_bounce_buffer(s, &bounce, bytes);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        qemu_iovec_to_buf(qiov, 0, bounce.buf.iov_base, bytes);
+        iov = &bounce.buf;
+        iovcnt = 1;
+    }
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        blkioq_writev(s->blkioq, offset, iov, iovcnt, &cod, blkio_flags);
+        blkio_submit_io(bs);
+    }
+
+    qemu_coroutine_yield();
+
+    if (use_bounce_buffer) {
+        blkio_free_bounce_buffer(s, &bounce);
+    }
+
+    return cod.ret;
+}
+
+static int coroutine_fn blkio_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    BlkioCoData cod = {
+        .coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self(),
+    };
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        blkioq_flush(s->blkioq, &cod, 0);
+        blkio_submit_io(bs);
+    }
+
+    qemu_coroutine_yield();
+    return cod.ret;
+}
+
+static int coroutine_fn blkio_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
+    int64_t offset, int64_t bytes, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    BlkioCoData cod = {
+        .coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self(),
+    };
+    uint32_t blkio_flags = 0;
+
+    if (flags & BDRV_REQ_FUA) {
+        blkio_flags |= BLKIO_REQ_FUA;
+    }
+    if (!(flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP)) {
+        blkio_flags |= BLKIO_REQ_NO_UNMAP;
+    }
+    if (flags & BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK) {
+        blkio_flags |= BLKIO_REQ_NO_FALLBACK;
+    }
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        blkioq_write_zeroes(s->blkioq, offset, bytes, &cod, blkio_flags);
+        blkio_submit_io(bs);
+    }
+
+    qemu_coroutine_yield();
+    return cod.ret;
+}
+
+static void blkio_io_unplug(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        blkio_submit_io(bs);
+    }
+}
+
+static int blkio_io_uring_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
+                               Error **errp)
+{
+    const char *filename = qdict_get_str(options, "filename");
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = blkio_set_str(s->blkio, "path", filename);
+    qdict_del(options, "filename");
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to set path: %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    if (flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE) {
+        ret = blkio_set_bool(s->blkio, "direct", true);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to set direct: %s",
+                             blkio_get_error_msg());
+            return ret;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int blkio_nvme_io_uring(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
+                               Error **errp)
+{
+    const char *filename = qdict_get_str(options, "filename");
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = blkio_set_str(s->blkio, "path", filename);
+    qdict_del(options, "filename");
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to set path: %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    if (!(flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "cache.direct=off is not supported");
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int blkio_virtio_blk_common_open(BlockDriverState *bs,
+        QDict *options, int flags, Error **errp)
+{
+    const char *path = qdict_get_try_str(options, "path");
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (!path) {
+        error_setg(errp, "missing 'path' option");
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+
+    ret = blkio_set_str(s->blkio, "path", path);
+    qdict_del(options, "path");
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to set path: %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    if (!(flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "cache.direct=off is not supported");
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int blkio_file_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
+                           Error **errp)
+{
+    const char *blkio_driver = bs->drv->protocol_name;
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = blkio_create(blkio_driver, &s->blkio);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "blkio_create failed: %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    if (strcmp(blkio_driver, DRIVER_IO_URING) == 0) {
+        ret = blkio_io_uring_open(bs, options, flags, errp);
+    } else if (strcmp(blkio_driver, DRIVER_NVME_IO_URING) == 0) {
+        ret = blkio_nvme_io_uring(bs, options, flags, errp);
+    } else if (strcmp(blkio_driver, DRIVER_VIRTIO_BLK_VHOST_USER) == 0) {
+        ret = blkio_virtio_blk_common_open(bs, options, flags, errp);
+    } else if (strcmp(blkio_driver, DRIVER_VIRTIO_BLK_VHOST_VDPA) == 0) {
+        ret = blkio_virtio_blk_common_open(bs, options, flags, errp);
+    } else {
+        g_assert_not_reached();
+    }
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        blkio_destroy(&s->blkio);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    if (!(flags & BDRV_O_RDWR)) {
+        ret = blkio_set_bool(s->blkio, "read-only", true);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to set read-only: %s",
+                             blkio_get_error_msg());
+            blkio_destroy(&s->blkio);
+            return ret;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = blkio_connect(s->blkio);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "blkio_connect failed: %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        blkio_destroy(&s->blkio);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    ret = blkio_get_bool(s->blkio,
+                         "needs-mem-regions",
+                         &s->needs_mem_regions);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
+                         "failed to get needs-mem-regions: %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        blkio_destroy(&s->blkio);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    ret = blkio_get_uint64(s->blkio,
+                           "mem-region-alignment",
+                           &s->mem_region_alignment);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
+                         "failed to get mem-region-alignment: %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        blkio_destroy(&s->blkio);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    ret = blkio_start(s->blkio);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "blkio_start failed: %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        blkio_destroy(&s->blkio);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    bs->supported_write_flags = BDRV_REQ_FUA;
+    bs->supported_zero_flags = BDRV_REQ_FUA | BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP |
+                               BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK;
+
+    qemu_mutex_init(&s->blkio_lock);
+    qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->bounce_lock);
+    qemu_co_queue_init(&s->bounce_available);
+    QLIST_INIT(&s->bounce_bufs);
+    s->blkioq = blkio_get_queue(s->blkio, 0);
+    s->completion_fd = blkioq_get_completion_fd(s->blkioq);
+
+    blkio_attach_aio_context(bs, bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void blkio_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+
+    /* There is no destroy() API for s->bounce_lock */
+
+    qemu_mutex_destroy(&s->blkio_lock);
+    blkio_detach_aio_context(bs);
+    blkio_destroy(&s->blkio);
+}
+
+static int64_t blkio_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    uint64_t capacity;
+    int ret;
+
+    WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock) {
+        ret = blkio_get_uint64(s->blkio, "capacity", &capacity);
+    }
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return -ret;
+    }
+
+    return capacity;
+}
+
+static int blkio_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void blkio_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
+{
+    BDRVBlkioState *s = bs->opaque;
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->blkio_lock);
+    int value;
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = blkio_get_int(s->blkio, "request-alignment", &value);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to get \"request-alignment\": %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return;
+    }
+    bs->bl.request_alignment = value;
+    if (bs->bl.request_alignment < 1 ||
+        bs->bl.request_alignment >= INT_MAX ||
+        !is_power_of_2(bs->bl.request_alignment)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "invalid \"request-alignment\" value %" PRIu32 ", "
+                   "must be a power of 2 less than INT_MAX",
+                   bs->bl.request_alignment);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ret = blkio_get_int(s->blkio, "optimal-io-size", &value);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to get \"optimal-io-size\": %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return;
+    }
+    bs->bl.opt_transfer = value;
+    if (bs->bl.opt_transfer > INT_MAX ||
+        (bs->bl.opt_transfer % bs->bl.request_alignment)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "invalid \"optimal-io-size\" value %" PRIu32 ", must "
+                   "be a multiple of %" PRIu32, bs->bl.opt_transfer,
+                   bs->bl.request_alignment);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ret = blkio_get_int(s->blkio, "max-transfer", &value);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to get \"max-transfer\": %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return;
+    }
+    bs->bl.max_transfer = value;
+    if ((bs->bl.max_transfer % bs->bl.request_alignment) ||
+        (bs->bl.opt_transfer && (bs->bl.max_transfer % bs->bl.opt_transfer))) {
+        error_setg(errp, "invalid \"max-transfer\" value %" PRIu32 ", must be "
+                   "a multiple of %" PRIu32 " and %" PRIu32 " (if non-zero)",
+                   bs->bl.max_transfer, bs->bl.request_alignment,
+                   bs->bl.opt_transfer);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ret = blkio_get_int(s->blkio, "buf-alignment", &value);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to get \"buf-alignment\": %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return;
+    }
+    if (value < 1) {
+        error_setg(errp, "invalid \"buf-alignment\" value %d, must be "
+                   "positive", value);
+        return;
+    }
+    bs->bl.min_mem_alignment = value;
+
+    ret = blkio_get_int(s->blkio, "optimal-buf-alignment", &value);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
+                         "failed to get \"optimal-buf-alignment\": %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return;
+    }
+    if (value < 1) {
+        error_setg(errp, "invalid \"optimal-buf-alignment\" value %d, "
+                   "must be positive", value);
+        return;
+    }
+    bs->bl.opt_mem_alignment = value;
+
+    ret = blkio_get_int(s->blkio, "max-segments", &value);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "failed to get \"max-segments\": %s",
+                         blkio_get_error_msg());
+        return;
+    }
+    if (value < 1) {
+        error_setg(errp, "invalid \"max-segments\" value %d, must be positive",
+                   value);
+        return;
+    }
+    bs->bl.max_iov = value;
+}
+
+/*
+ * TODO
+ * Missing libblkio APIs:
+ * - block_status
+ * - co_invalidate_cache
+ *
+ * Out of scope?
+ * - create
+ * - truncate
+ */
+
+#define BLKIO_DRIVER(name, ...) \
+    { \
+        .format_name             = name, \
+        .protocol_name           = name, \
+        .instance_size           = sizeof(BDRVBlkioState), \
+        .bdrv_file_open          = blkio_file_open, \
+        .bdrv_close              = blkio_close, \
+        .bdrv_getlength          = blkio_getlength, \
+        .bdrv_get_info           = blkio_get_info, \
+        .bdrv_attach_aio_context = blkio_attach_aio_context, \
+        .bdrv_detach_aio_context = blkio_detach_aio_context, \
+        .bdrv_co_pdiscard        = blkio_co_pdiscard, \
+        .bdrv_co_preadv          = blkio_co_preadv, \
+        .bdrv_co_pwritev         = blkio_co_pwritev, \
+        .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk   = blkio_co_flush, \
+        .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes   = blkio_co_pwrite_zeroes, \
+        .bdrv_io_unplug          = blkio_io_unplug, \
+        .bdrv_refresh_limits     = blkio_refresh_limits, \
+        __VA_ARGS__ \
+    }
+
+static BlockDriver bdrv_io_uring = BLKIO_DRIVER(
+    DRIVER_IO_URING,
+    .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
+);
+
+static BlockDriver bdrv_nvme_io_uring = BLKIO_DRIVER(
+    DRIVER_NVME_IO_URING,
+    .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
+);
+
+static BlockDriver bdrv_virtio_blk_vhost_user = BLKIO_DRIVER(
+    DRIVER_VIRTIO_BLK_VHOST_USER
+);
+
+static BlockDriver bdrv_virtio_blk_vhost_vdpa = BLKIO_DRIVER(
+    DRIVER_VIRTIO_BLK_VHOST_VDPA
+);
+
+static void bdrv_blkio_init(void)
+{
+    bdrv_register(&bdrv_io_uring);
+    bdrv_register(&bdrv_nvme_io_uring);
+    bdrv_register(&bdrv_virtio_blk_vhost_user);
+    bdrv_register(&bdrv_virtio_blk_vhost_vdpa);
+}
+
+block_init(bdrv_blkio_init);