Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/kevin/tags/for-upstream' into staging

Block patches

# gpg: Signature made Wed 23 Apr 2014 11:02:29 BST using RSA key ID C88F2FD6
# gpg: Good signature from "Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>"

* remotes/kevin/tags/for-upstream:
  block/cloop: use PRIu32 format specifier for uint32_t
  vmdk: Fix "%x" to PRIx32 in format strings for cid
  qemu-img: Improve error messages
  qemu-iotests: Check common namespace for id and node-name
  block: Catch duplicate IDs in bdrv_new()
  qemu-img: Avoid duplicate block device IDs
  block: Add errp to bdrv_new()
  convert fprintf() calls to error_setg() in block/qed.c:bdrv_qed_create()
  block: Remove -errno return value from bdrv_assign_node_name
  curl: Replaced old error handling with error reporting API.
  block: Handle error of bdrv_getlength in bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap
  vmdk: Fix %d and %lld to PRI* in format strings
  block: Check bdrv_getlength() return value in bdrv_make_zero()
  block: Catch integer overflow in bdrv_rw_co()
  block: Limit size to INT_MAX in bdrv_check_byte_request()
  block: Fix nb_sectors check in bdrv_check_byte_request()

Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>

18 files changed, 302 insertions, 115 deletions

diff --git a/block-migration.c b/block-migration.c
index 897fdba..56951e0 100644
--- a/block-migration.c
+++ b/block-migration.c
@@ -310,13 +310,28 @@ static int mig_save_device_bulk(QEMUFile *f, BlkMigDevState *bmds)
 
 /* Called with iothread lock taken.  */
 
-static void set_dirty_tracking(void)
+static int set_dirty_tracking(void)
 {
     BlkMigDevState *bmds;
+    int ret;
 
     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
-        bmds->dirty_bitmap = bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(bmds->bs, BLOCK_SIZE);
+        bmds->dirty_bitmap = bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(bmds->bs, BLOCK_SIZE,
+                                                      NULL);
+        if (!bmds->dirty_bitmap) {
+            ret = -errno;
+            goto fail;
+        }
     }
+    return 0;
+
+fail:
+    QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
+        if (bmds->dirty_bitmap) {
+            bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bmds->bs, bmds->dirty_bitmap);
+        }
+    }
+    return ret;
 }
 
 static void unset_dirty_tracking(void)
@@ -611,10 +626,17 @@ static int block_save_setup(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
             block_mig_state.submitted, block_mig_state.transferred);
 
     qemu_mutex_lock_iothread();
-    init_blk_migration(f);
 
     /* start track dirty blocks */
-    set_dirty_tracking();
+    ret = set_dirty_tracking();
+
+    if (ret) {
+        qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread();
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    init_blk_migration(f);
+
     qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread();
 
     ret = flush_blks(f);
diff --git a/block.c b/block.c
index 990a754..fc2edd3 100644
--- a/block.c
+++ b/block.c
@@ -332,10 +332,21 @@ void bdrv_register(BlockDriver *bdrv)
 }
 
 /* create a new block device (by default it is empty) */
-BlockDriverState *bdrv_new(const char *device_name)
+BlockDriverState *bdrv_new(const char *device_name, Error **errp)
 {
     BlockDriverState *bs;
 
+    if (bdrv_find(device_name)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "Device with id '%s' already exists",
+                   device_name);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (bdrv_find_node(device_name)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "Device with node-name '%s' already exists",
+                   device_name);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     bs = g_malloc0(sizeof(BlockDriverState));
     QLIST_INIT(&bs->dirty_bitmaps);
     pstrcpy(bs->device_name, sizeof(bs->device_name), device_name);
@@ -788,38 +799,36 @@ static int bdrv_open_flags(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags)
     return open_flags;
 }
 
-static int bdrv_assign_node_name(BlockDriverState *bs,
-                                 const char *node_name,
-                                 Error **errp)
+static void bdrv_assign_node_name(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                  const char *node_name,
+                                  Error **errp)
 {
     if (!node_name) {
-        return 0;
+        return;
     }
 
     /* empty string node name is invalid */
     if (node_name[0] == '\0') {
         error_setg(errp, "Empty node name");
-        return -EINVAL;
+        return;
     }
 
     /* takes care of avoiding namespaces collisions */
     if (bdrv_find(node_name)) {
         error_setg(errp, "node-name=%s is conflicting with a device id",
                    node_name);
-        return -EINVAL;
+        return;
     }
 
     /* takes care of avoiding duplicates node names */
     if (bdrv_find_node(node_name)) {
         error_setg(errp, "Duplicate node name");
-        return -EINVAL;
+        return;
     }
 
     /* copy node name into the bs and insert it into the graph list */
     pstrcpy(bs->node_name, sizeof(bs->node_name), node_name);
     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&graph_bdrv_states, bs, node_list);
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -854,9 +863,10 @@ static int bdrv_open_common(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *file,
     trace_bdrv_open_common(bs, filename ?: "", flags, drv->format_name);
 
     node_name = qdict_get_try_str(options, "node-name");
-    ret = bdrv_assign_node_name(bs, node_name, errp);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        return ret;
+    bdrv_assign_node_name(bs, node_name, &local_err);
+    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+        return -EINVAL;
     }
     qdict_del(options, "node-name");
 
@@ -1221,7 +1231,7 @@ void bdrv_append_temp_snapshot(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
     qdict_put(snapshot_options, "file.filename",
               qstring_from_str(tmp_filename));
 
-    bs_snapshot = bdrv_new("");
+    bs_snapshot = bdrv_new("", &error_abort);
     bs_snapshot->is_temporary = 1;
 
     ret = bdrv_open(&bs_snapshot, NULL, NULL, snapshot_options,
@@ -1288,7 +1298,7 @@ int bdrv_open(BlockDriverState **pbs, const char *filename,
     if (*pbs) {
         bs = *pbs;
     } else {
-        bs = bdrv_new("");
+        bs = bdrv_new("", &error_abort);
     }
 
     /* NULL means an empty set of options */
@@ -2581,6 +2591,10 @@ static int bdrv_check_byte_request(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
 {
     int64_t len;
 
+    if (size > INT_MAX) {
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+
     if (!bdrv_is_inserted(bs))
         return -ENOMEDIUM;
 
@@ -2601,7 +2615,7 @@ static int bdrv_check_byte_request(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
 static int bdrv_check_request(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
                               int nb_sectors)
 {
-    if (nb_sectors > INT_MAX / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
+    if (nb_sectors < 0 || nb_sectors > INT_MAX / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
         return -EIO;
     }
 
@@ -2686,6 +2700,10 @@ static int bdrv_rw_co(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num, uint8_t *buf,
         .iov_len = nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
     };
 
+    if (nb_sectors < 0 || nb_sectors > INT_MAX / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+
     qemu_iovec_init_external(&qiov, &iov, 1);
     return bdrv_prwv_co(bs, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                         &qiov, is_write, flags);
@@ -2741,10 +2759,16 @@ int bdrv_write_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
  */
 int bdrv_make_zero(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
 {
-    int64_t target_size = bdrv_getlength(bs) / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
+    int64_t target_size;
     int64_t ret, nb_sectors, sector_num = 0;
     int n;
 
+    target_size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
+    if (target_size < 0) {
+        return target_size;
+    }
+    target_size /= BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
+
     for (;;) {
         nb_sectors = target_size - sector_num;
         if (nb_sectors <= 0) {
@@ -5096,7 +5120,8 @@ bool bdrv_qiov_is_aligned(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
     return true;
 }
 
-BdrvDirtyBitmap *bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int granularity)
+BdrvDirtyBitmap *bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int granularity,
+                                          Error **errp)
 {
     int64_t bitmap_size;
     BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
@@ -5105,7 +5130,13 @@ BdrvDirtyBitmap *bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int granularity)
 
     granularity >>= BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
     assert(granularity);
-    bitmap_size = (bdrv_getlength(bs) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
+    bitmap_size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
+    if (bitmap_size < 0) {
+        error_setg_errno(errp, -bitmap_size, "could not get length of device");
+        errno = -bitmap_size;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    bitmap_size >>= BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
     bitmap = g_malloc0(sizeof(BdrvDirtyBitmap));
     bitmap->bitmap = hbitmap_alloc(bitmap_size, ffs(granularity) - 1);
     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bs->dirty_bitmaps, bitmap, list);
diff --git a/block/cloop.c b/block/cloop.c
index b6ad50f..8457737 100644
--- a/block/cloop.c
+++ b/block/cloop.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ static int cloop_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     }
     s->block_size = be32_to_cpu(s->block_size);
     if (s->block_size % 512) {
-        error_setg(errp, "block_size %u must be a multiple of 512",
+        error_setg(errp, "block_size %" PRIu32 " must be a multiple of 512",
                    s->block_size);
         return -EINVAL;
     }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ static int cloop_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
      * need a buffer this big.
      */
     if (s->block_size > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE) {
-        error_setg(errp, "block_size %u must be %u MB or less",
+        error_setg(errp, "block_size %" PRIu32 " must be %u MB or less",
                    s->block_size,
                    MAX_BLOCK_SIZE / (1024 * 1024));
         return -EINVAL;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ static int cloop_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     /* read offsets */
     if (s->n_blocks > (UINT32_MAX - 1) / sizeof(uint64_t)) {
         /* Prevent integer overflow */
-        error_setg(errp, "n_blocks %u must be %zu or less",
+        error_setg(errp, "n_blocks %" PRIu32 " must be %zu or less",
                    s->n_blocks,
                    (UINT32_MAX - 1) / sizeof(uint64_t));
         return -EINVAL;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ static int cloop_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
 
         if (s->offsets[i] < s->offsets[i - 1]) {
             error_setg(errp, "offsets not monotonically increasing at "
-                       "index %u, image file is corrupt", i);
+                       "index %" PRIu32 ", image file is corrupt", i);
             ret = -EINVAL;
             goto fail;
         }
@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@ static int cloop_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
          * ridiculous s->compressed_block allocation.
          */
         if (size > 2 * MAX_BLOCK_SIZE) {
-            error_setg(errp, "invalid compressed block size at index %u, "
-                       "image file is corrupt", i);
+            error_setg(errp, "invalid compressed block size at index %" PRIu32
+                       ", image file is corrupt", i);
             ret = -EINVAL;
             goto fail;
         }
diff --git a/block/curl.c b/block/curl.c
index 1b9b1f6..6731d28 100644
--- a/block/curl.c
+++ b/block/curl.c
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ static int curl_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     return 0;
 
 out:
-    fprintf(stderr, "CURL: Error opening file: %s\n", state->errmsg);
+    error_setg(errp, "CURL: Error opening file: %s", state->errmsg);
     curl_easy_cleanup(state->curl);
     state->curl = NULL;
 out_noclean:
diff --git a/block/iscsi.c b/block/iscsi.c
index f425573..a636ea4 100644
--- a/block/iscsi.c
+++ b/block/iscsi.c
@@ -1401,7 +1401,7 @@ static int iscsi_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
     IscsiLun *iscsilun = NULL;
     QDict *bs_options;
 
-    bs = bdrv_new("");
+    bs = bdrv_new("", &error_abort);
 
     /* Read out options */
     while (options && options->name) {
diff --git a/block/mirror.c b/block/mirror.c
index 0ef41f9..2618c37 100644
--- a/block/mirror.c
+++ b/block/mirror.c
@@ -605,7 +605,10 @@ static void mirror_start_job(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *target,
     s->granularity = granularity;
     s->buf_size = MAX(buf_size, granularity);
 
-    s->dirty_bitmap = bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(bs, granularity);
+    s->dirty_bitmap = bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(bs, granularity, errp);
+    if (!s->dirty_bitmap) {
+        return;
+    }
     bdrv_set_enable_write_cache(s->target, true);
     bdrv_set_on_error(s->target, on_target_error, on_target_error);
     bdrv_iostatus_enable(s->target);
diff --git a/block/qed.c b/block/qed.c
index 3bd9db9..c130e42 100644
--- a/block/qed.c
+++ b/block/qed.c
@@ -650,19 +650,21 @@ static int bdrv_qed_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
     }
 
     if (!qed_is_cluster_size_valid(cluster_size)) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "QED cluster size must be within range [%u, %u] and power of 2\n",
-                QED_MIN_CLUSTER_SIZE, QED_MAX_CLUSTER_SIZE);
+        error_setg(errp, "QED cluster size must be within range [%u, %u] "
+                         "and power of 2",
+                   QED_MIN_CLUSTER_SIZE, QED_MAX_CLUSTER_SIZE);
         return -EINVAL;
     }
     if (!qed_is_table_size_valid(table_size)) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "QED table size must be within range [%u, %u] and power of 2\n",
-                QED_MIN_TABLE_SIZE, QED_MAX_TABLE_SIZE);
+        error_setg(errp, "QED table size must be within range [%u, %u] "
+                         "and power of 2",
+                   QED_MIN_TABLE_SIZE, QED_MAX_TABLE_SIZE);
         return -EINVAL;
     }
     if (!qed_is_image_size_valid(image_size, cluster_size, table_size)) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "QED image size must be a non-zero multiple of "
-                        "cluster size and less than %" PRIu64 " bytes\n",
-                qed_max_image_size(cluster_size, table_size));
+        error_setg(errp, "QED image size must be a non-zero multiple of "
+                         "cluster size and less than %" PRIu64 " bytes",
+                   qed_max_image_size(cluster_size, table_size));
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
diff --git a/block/vmdk.c b/block/vmdk.c
index b69988d..06a1f9f 100644
--- a/block/vmdk.c
+++ b/block/vmdk.c
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ static uint32_t vmdk_read_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, int parent)
     p_name = strstr(desc, cid_str);
     if (p_name != NULL) {
         p_name += cid_str_size;
-        sscanf(p_name, "%x", &cid);
+        sscanf(p_name, "%" SCNx32, &cid);
     }
 
     return cid;
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ static int vmdk_write_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, uint32_t cid)
     p_name = strstr(desc, "CID");
     if (p_name != NULL) {
         p_name += sizeof("CID");
-        snprintf(p_name, sizeof(desc) - (p_name - desc), "%x\n", cid);
+        snprintf(p_name, sizeof(desc) - (p_name - desc), "%" PRIx32 "\n", cid);
         pstrcat(desc, sizeof(desc), tmp_desc);
     }
 
@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ static int vmdk_open_vmdk4(BlockDriverState *bs,
 
     if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) > 3) {
         char buf[64];
-        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "VMDK version %d",
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "VMDK version %" PRId32,
                  le32_to_cpu(header.version));
         error_set(errp, QERR_UNKNOWN_BLOCK_FORMAT_FEATURE,
                   bs->device_name, "vmdk", buf);
@@ -671,8 +671,9 @@ static int vmdk_open_vmdk4(BlockDriverState *bs,
     }
     if (bdrv_getlength(file) <
             le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
-        error_setg(errp, "File truncated, expecting at least %lld bytes",
-                   le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
+        error_setg(errp, "File truncated, expecting at least %" PRId64 " bytes",
+                   (int64_t)(le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)
+                             * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
@@ -1707,8 +1708,8 @@ static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
     const char desc_template[] =
         "# Disk DescriptorFile\n"
         "version=1\n"
-        "CID=%x\n"
-        "parentCID=%x\n"
+        "CID=%" PRIx32 "\n"
+        "parentCID=%" PRIx32 "\n"
         "createType=\"%s\"\n"
         "%s"
         "\n"
@@ -1720,7 +1721,7 @@ static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
         "\n"
         "ddb.virtualHWVersion = \"%d\"\n"
         "ddb.geometry.cylinders = \"%" PRId64 "\"\n"
-        "ddb.geometry.heads = \"%d\"\n"
+        "ddb.geometry.heads = \"%" PRIu32 "\"\n"
         "ddb.geometry.sectors = \"63\"\n"
         "ddb.adapterType = \"%s\"\n";
 
@@ -1780,9 +1781,9 @@ static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
              strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat"));
     compress = !strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized");
     if (flat) {
-        desc_extent_line = "RW %lld FLAT \"%s\" 0\n";
+        desc_extent_line = "RW %" PRId64 " FLAT \"%s\" 0\n";
     } else {
-        desc_extent_line = "RW %lld SPARSE \"%s\"\n";
+        desc_extent_line = "RW %" PRId64 " SPARSE \"%s\"\n";
     }
     if (flat && backing_file) {
         error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't have backing file");
@@ -1850,7 +1851,7 @@ static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
     }
     /* generate descriptor file */
     desc = g_strdup_printf(desc_template,
-                           (unsigned int)time(NULL),
+                           (uint32_t)time(NULL),
                            parent_cid,
                            fmt,
                            parent_desc_line,
diff --git a/block/vvfat.c b/block/vvfat.c
index 1978c9e..c3af7ff 100644
--- a/block/vvfat.c
+++ b/block/vvfat.c
@@ -2947,7 +2947,7 @@ static int enable_write_target(BDRVVVFATState *s)
     unlink(s->qcow_filename);
 #endif
 
-    s->bs->backing_hd = bdrv_new("");
+    s->bs->backing_hd = bdrv_new("", &error_abort);
     s->bs->backing_hd->drv = &vvfat_write_target;
     s->bs->backing_hd->opaque = g_malloc(sizeof(void*));
     *(void**)s->bs->backing_hd->opaque = s;
diff --git a/blockdev.c b/blockdev.c
index 5dd01ea..09826f1 100644
--- a/blockdev.c
+++ b/blockdev.c
@@ -452,16 +452,14 @@ static DriveInfo *blockdev_init(const char *file, QDict *bs_opts,
         }
     }
 
-    if (bdrv_find_node(qemu_opts_id(opts))) {
-        error_setg(errp, "device id=%s is conflicting with a node-name",
-                   qemu_opts_id(opts));
-        goto early_err;
-    }
-
     /* init */
     dinfo = g_malloc0(sizeof(*dinfo));
     dinfo->id = g_strdup(qemu_opts_id(opts));
-    dinfo->bdrv = bdrv_new(dinfo->id);
+    dinfo->bdrv = bdrv_new(dinfo->id, &error);
+    if (error) {
+        error_propagate(errp, error);
+        goto bdrv_new_err;
+    }
     dinfo->bdrv->open_flags = snapshot ? BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT : 0;
     dinfo->bdrv->read_only = ro;
     dinfo->refcount = 1;
@@ -523,8 +521,9 @@ static DriveInfo *blockdev_init(const char *file, QDict *bs_opts,
 
 err:
     bdrv_unref(dinfo->bdrv);
-    g_free(dinfo->id);
     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&drives, dinfo, next);
+bdrv_new_err:
+    g_free(dinfo->id);
     g_free(dinfo);
 early_err:
     QDECREF(bs_opts);
diff --git a/hw/block/xen_disk.c b/hw/block/xen_disk.c
index bc061e6..a8fea72 100644
--- a/hw/block/xen_disk.c
+++ b/hw/block/xen_disk.c
@@ -817,11 +817,14 @@ static int blk_connect(struct XenDevice *xendev)
     index = (blkdev->xendev.dev - 202 * 256) / 16;
     blkdev->dinfo = drive_get(IF_XEN, 0, index);
     if (!blkdev->dinfo) {
+        Error *local_err = NULL;
         /* setup via xenbus -> create new block driver instance */
         xen_be_printf(&blkdev->xendev, 2, "create new bdrv (xenbus setup)\n");
-        blkdev->bs = bdrv_new(blkdev->dev);
+        blkdev->bs = bdrv_new(blkdev->dev, &local_err);
+        if (local_err) {
+            blkdev->bs = NULL;
+        }
         if (blkdev->bs) {
-            Error *local_err = NULL;
             BlockDriver *drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(blkdev->fileproto,
                                                            readonly);
             if (bdrv_open(&blkdev->bs, blkdev->filename, NULL, NULL, qflags,
diff --git a/include/block/block.h b/include/block/block.h
index b3230a2..c12808a 100644
--- a/include/block/block.h
+++ b/include/block/block.h
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ int bdrv_create(BlockDriver *drv, const char* filename,
     QEMUOptionParameter *options, Error **errp);
 int bdrv_create_file(const char* filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
                      Error **errp);
-BlockDriverState *bdrv_new(const char *device_name);
+BlockDriverState *bdrv_new(const char *device_name, Error **errp);
 void bdrv_make_anon(BlockDriverState *bs);
 void bdrv_swap(BlockDriverState *bs_new, BlockDriverState *bs_old);
 void bdrv_append(BlockDriverState *bs_new, BlockDriverState *bs_top);
@@ -429,7 +429,8 @@ bool bdrv_qiov_is_aligned(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov);
 
 struct HBitmapIter;
 typedef struct BdrvDirtyBitmap BdrvDirtyBitmap;
-BdrvDirtyBitmap *bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int granularity);
+BdrvDirtyBitmap *bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int granularity,
+                                          Error **errp);
 void bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap);
 BlockDirtyInfoList *bdrv_query_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs);
 int bdrv_get_dirty(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap, int64_t sector);
diff --git a/qemu-img.c b/qemu-img.c
index 8455994..4dae84a 100644
--- a/qemu-img.c
+++ b/qemu-img.c
@@ -57,8 +57,22 @@ static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
     printf(" %s", name);
 }
 
+static void QEMU_NORETURN GCC_FMT_ATTR(1, 2) error_exit(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+
+    error_printf("qemu-img: ");
+
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    error_vprintf(fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+
+    error_printf("\nTry 'qemu-img --help' for more information\n");
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
 /* Please keep in synch with qemu-img.texi */
-static void help(void)
+static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
 {
     const char *help_msg =
            "qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2004-2008 Fabrice Bellard\n"
@@ -129,7 +143,7 @@ static void help(void)
     printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg);
     bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
     printf("\n");
-    exit(1);
+    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qprintf(bool quiet, const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -262,7 +276,8 @@ static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
     return 0;
 }
 
-static BlockDriverState *bdrv_new_open(const char *filename,
+static BlockDriverState *bdrv_new_open(const char *id,
+                                       const char *filename,
                                        const char *fmt,
                                        int flags,
                                        bool require_io,
@@ -274,7 +289,7 @@ static BlockDriverState *bdrv_new_open(const char *filename,
     Error *local_err = NULL;
     int ret;
 
-    bs = bdrv_new("image");
+    bs = bdrv_new(id, &error_abort);
 
     if (fmt) {
         drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
@@ -398,7 +413,7 @@ static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     if (optind >= argc) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Expecting image file name");
     }
     optind++;
 
@@ -421,7 +436,7 @@ static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
         img_size = (uint64_t)sval;
     }
     if (optind != argc) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Unexpected argument: %s", argv[optind]);
     }
 
     bdrv_img_create(filename, fmt, base_filename, base_fmt,
@@ -590,7 +605,8 @@ static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
             } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "all")) {
                 fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS | BDRV_FIX_ERRORS;
             } else {
-                help();
+                error_exit("Unknown option value for -r "
+                           "(expecting 'leaks' or 'all'): %s", optarg);
             }
             break;
         case OPTION_OUTPUT:
@@ -602,7 +618,7 @@ static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
         }
     }
     if (optind != argc - 1) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
@@ -615,7 +631,7 @@ static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
         return 1;
     }
 
-    bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
+    bs = bdrv_new_open("image", filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
     if (!bs) {
         return 1;
     }
@@ -713,7 +729,7 @@ static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
         }
     }
     if (optind != argc - 1) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
@@ -724,7 +740,7 @@ static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
         return -1;
     }
 
-    bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
+    bs = bdrv_new_open("image", filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
     if (!bs) {
         return 1;
     }
@@ -959,7 +975,7 @@ static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
 
 
     if (optind != argc - 2) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Expecting two image file names");
     }
     filename1 = argv[optind++];
     filename2 = argv[optind++];
@@ -967,14 +983,14 @@ static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
     /* Initialize before goto out */
     qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
 
-    bs1 = bdrv_new_open(filename1, fmt1, BDRV_O_FLAGS, true, quiet);
+    bs1 = bdrv_new_open("image 1", filename1, fmt1, BDRV_O_FLAGS, true, quiet);
     if (!bs1) {
         error_report("Can't open file %s", filename1);
         ret = 2;
         goto out3;
     }
 
-    bs2 = bdrv_new_open(filename2, fmt2, BDRV_O_FLAGS, true, quiet);
+    bs2 = bdrv_new_open("image 2", filename2, fmt2, BDRV_O_FLAGS, true, quiet);
     if (!bs2) {
         error_report("Can't open file %s", filename2);
         ret = 2;
@@ -1275,7 +1291,7 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     if (bs_n < 1) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Must specify image file name");
     }
 
 
@@ -1292,8 +1308,11 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
 
     total_sectors = 0;
     for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
-        bs[bs_i] = bdrv_new_open(argv[optind + bs_i], fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS, true,
-                                 quiet);
+        char *id = bs_n > 1 ? g_strdup_printf("source %d", bs_i)
+                            : g_strdup("source");
+        bs[bs_i] = bdrv_new_open(id, argv[optind + bs_i], fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS,
+                                 true, quiet);
+        g_free(id);
         if (!bs[bs_i]) {
             error_report("Could not open '%s'", argv[optind + bs_i]);
             ret = -1;
@@ -1416,7 +1435,7 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
         return -1;
     }
 
-    out_bs = bdrv_new_open(out_filename, out_fmt, flags, true, quiet);
+    out_bs = bdrv_new_open("target", out_filename, out_fmt, flags, true, quiet);
     if (!out_bs) {
         ret = -1;
         goto out;
@@ -1799,8 +1818,8 @@ static ImageInfoList *collect_image_info_list(const char *filename,
         }
         g_hash_table_insert(filenames, (gpointer)filename, NULL);
 
-        bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING,
-                           false, false);
+        bs = bdrv_new_open("image", filename, fmt,
+                           BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, false, false);
         if (!bs) {
             goto err;
         }
@@ -1882,7 +1901,7 @@ static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
         }
     }
     if (optind != argc - 1) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
@@ -2046,10 +2065,10 @@ static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
             break;
         }
     }
-    if (optind >= argc) {
-        help();
+    if (optind != argc - 1) {
+        error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
     }
-    filename = argv[optind++];
+    filename = argv[optind];
 
     if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
         output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
@@ -2060,7 +2079,7 @@ static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
         return 1;
     }
 
-    bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS, true, false);
+    bs = bdrv_new_open("image", filename, fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS, true, false);
     if (!bs) {
         return 1;
     }
@@ -2138,7 +2157,7 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
             return 0;
         case 'l':
             if (action) {
-                help();
+                error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
                 return 0;
             }
             action = SNAPSHOT_LIST;
@@ -2146,7 +2165,7 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
             break;
         case 'a':
             if (action) {
-                help();
+                error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
                 return 0;
             }
             action = SNAPSHOT_APPLY;
@@ -2154,7 +2173,7 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
             break;
         case 'c':
             if (action) {
-                help();
+                error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
                 return 0;
             }
             action = SNAPSHOT_CREATE;
@@ -2162,7 +2181,7 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
             break;
         case 'd':
             if (action) {
-                help();
+                error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
                 return 0;
             }
             action = SNAPSHOT_DELETE;
@@ -2175,12 +2194,12 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     if (optind != argc - 1) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
     /* Open the image */
-    bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, NULL, bdrv_oflags, true, quiet);
+    bs = bdrv_new_open("image", filename, NULL, bdrv_oflags, true, quiet);
     if (!bs) {
         return 1;
     }
@@ -2288,8 +2307,11 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
         progress = 0;
     }
 
-    if ((optind != argc - 1) || (!unsafe && !out_baseimg)) {
-        help();
+    if (optind != argc - 1) {
+        error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
+    }
+    if (!unsafe && !out_baseimg) {
+        error_exit("Must specify backing file (-b) or use unsafe mode (-u)");
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
@@ -2309,7 +2331,7 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
      * Ignore the old backing file for unsafe rebase in case we want to correct
      * the reference to a renamed or moved backing file.
      */
-    bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
+    bs = bdrv_new_open("image", filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
     if (!bs) {
         return 1;
     }
@@ -2344,7 +2366,7 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
     } else {
         char backing_name[1024];
 
-        bs_old_backing = bdrv_new("old_backing");
+        bs_old_backing = bdrv_new("old_backing", &error_abort);
         bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name, sizeof(backing_name));
         ret = bdrv_open(&bs_old_backing, backing_name, NULL, NULL, BDRV_O_FLAGS,
                         old_backing_drv, &local_err);
@@ -2355,7 +2377,7 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
             goto out;
         }
         if (out_baseimg[0]) {
-            bs_new_backing = bdrv_new("new_backing");
+            bs_new_backing = bdrv_new("new_backing", &error_abort);
             ret = bdrv_open(&bs_new_backing, out_baseimg, NULL, NULL,
                             BDRV_O_FLAGS, new_backing_drv, &local_err);
             if (ret) {
@@ -2549,7 +2571,7 @@ static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
     /* Remove size from argv manually so that negative numbers are not treated
      * as options by getopt. */
     if (argc < 3) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Not enough arguments");
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -2576,7 +2598,7 @@ static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
         }
     }
     if (optind != argc - 1) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
@@ -2606,7 +2628,8 @@ static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
     n = qemu_opt_get_size(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
     qemu_opts_del(param);
 
-    bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR, true, quiet);
+    bs = bdrv_new_open("image", filename, fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR,
+                       true, quiet);
     if (!bs) {
         ret = -1;
         goto out;
@@ -2692,7 +2715,7 @@ static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     if (!options) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
     }
 
     filename = (optind == argc - 1) ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
@@ -2704,10 +2727,11 @@ static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     if (optind != argc - 1) {
-        help();
+        error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
     }
 
-    bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt, BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR, true, quiet);
+    bs = bdrv_new_open("image", filename, fmt,
+                       BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR, true, quiet);
     if (!bs) {
         error_report("Could not open image '%s'", filename);
         ret = -1;
@@ -2775,8 +2799,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
     qemu_init_main_loop();
     bdrv_init();
-    if (argc < 2)
-        help();
+    if (argc < 2) {
+        error_exit("Not enough arguments");
+    }
     cmdname = argv[1];
     argc--; argv++;
 
@@ -2788,6 +2813,5 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     /* not found */
-    help();
-    return 0;
+    error_exit("Command not found: %s", cmdname);
 }
diff --git a/qemu-io.c b/qemu-io.c
index 5d7b53f..9fcd72b 100644
--- a/qemu-io.c
+++ b/qemu-io.c
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable, QDict *opts)
             return 1;
         }
     } else {
-        qemuio_bs = bdrv_new("hda");
+        qemuio_bs = bdrv_new("hda", &error_abort);
 
         if (bdrv_open(&qemuio_bs, name, NULL, opts, flags, NULL, &local_err)
             < 0)
diff --git a/qemu-nbd.c b/qemu-nbd.c
index 899e67c..eed79fa 100644
--- a/qemu-nbd.c
+++ b/qemu-nbd.c
@@ -657,7 +657,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         drv = NULL;
     }
 
-    bs = bdrv_new("hda");
+    bs = bdrv_new("hda", &error_abort);
+
     srcpath = argv[optind];
     ret = bdrv_open(&bs, srcpath, NULL, NULL, flags, drv, &local_err);
     if (ret < 0) {
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/084.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/084.out
index e681924..c7120d9 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/084.out
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/084.out
@@ -4,10 +4,7 @@ QA output created by 084
 
 Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=67108864 
 Test 1: Maximum size (1024 TB):
-image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
-file format: IMGFMT
-virtual size: 1024T (1125899905794048 bytes)
-cluster_size: 1048576
+qemu-img: Could not open 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT': Could not open 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT': Invalid argument
 
 Test 2: Size too large (1024TB + 1)
 qemu-img: Could not open 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT': Unsupported VDI image size (size is 0x3fffffff10000, max supported is 0x3fffffff00000)
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/087 b/tests/qemu-iotests/087
index a38bb70..82c56b1 100755
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/087
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/087
@@ -73,6 +73,91 @@ run_qemu <<EOF
 EOF
 
 echo
+echo === Duplicate ID ===
+echo
+
+run_qemu <<EOF
+{ "execute": "qmp_capabilities" }
+{ "execute": "blockdev-add",
+  "arguments": {
+      "options": {
+        "driver": "$IMGFMT",
+        "id": "disk",
+        "node-name": "test-node",
+        "file": {
+            "driver": "file",
+            "filename": "$TEST_IMG"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+{ "execute": "blockdev-add",
+  "arguments": {
+      "options": {
+        "driver": "$IMGFMT",
+        "id": "disk",
+        "file": {
+            "driver": "file",
+            "filename": "$TEST_IMG"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+{ "execute": "blockdev-add",
+  "arguments": {
+      "options": {
+        "driver": "$IMGFMT",
+        "id": "test-node",
+        "file": {
+            "driver": "file",
+            "filename": "$TEST_IMG"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+{ "execute": "blockdev-add",
+  "arguments": {
+      "options": {
+        "driver": "$IMGFMT",
+        "id": "disk2",
+        "node-name": "disk",
+        "file": {
+            "driver": "file",
+            "filename": "$TEST_IMG"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+{ "execute": "blockdev-add",
+  "arguments": {
+      "options": {
+        "driver": "$IMGFMT",
+        "id": "disk2",
+        "node-name": "test-node",
+        "file": {
+            "driver": "file",
+            "filename": "$TEST_IMG"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+{ "execute": "blockdev-add",
+  "arguments": {
+      "options": {
+        "driver": "$IMGFMT",
+        "id": "disk3",
+        "node-name": "disk3",
+        "file": {
+            "driver": "file",
+            "filename": "$TEST_IMG"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+{ "execute": "quit" }
+EOF
+
+echo
 echo === aio=native without O_DIRECT ===
 echo
 
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/087.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/087.out
index e65dcdf..7fbee3f 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/087.out
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/087.out
@@ -13,6 +13,24 @@ QMP_VERSION
 {"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "DEVICE_TRAY_MOVED", "data": {"device": "floppy0", "tray-open": true}}
 
 
+=== Duplicate ID ===
+
+Testing:
+QMP_VERSION
+{"return": {}}
+{"return": {}}
+{"error": {"class": "GenericError", "desc": "Device with id 'disk' already exists"}}
+{"error": {"class": "GenericError", "desc": "Device with node-name 'test-node' already exists"}}
+main-loop: WARNING: I/O thread spun for 1000 iterations
+{"error": {"class": "GenericError", "desc": "could not open disk image disk2: node-name=disk is conflicting with a device id"}}
+{"error": {"class": "GenericError", "desc": "could not open disk image disk2: Duplicate node name"}}
+{"error": {"class": "GenericError", "desc": "could not open disk image disk3: node-name=disk3 is conflicting with a device id"}}
+{"return": {}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "SHUTDOWN"}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "DEVICE_TRAY_MOVED", "data": {"device": "ide1-cd0", "tray-open": true}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "DEVICE_TRAY_MOVED", "data": {"device": "floppy0", "tray-open": true}}
+
+
 === aio=native without O_DIRECT ===
 
 Testing: