[asan] Default to -fsanitize-address-use-odr-indicator for non-Windows

This enables odr indicators on all platforms and private aliases on non-Windows.
Note that GCC also uses private aliases: this fixes bogus
`The following global variable is not properly aligned.` errors for interposed global variables

Fix https://github.com/google/sanitizers/issues/398
Fix https://github.com/google/sanitizers/issues/1017
Fix https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/36893 (we can restore D46665)

Global variables of non-hasExactDefinition() linkages (i.e.
linkonce/linkonce_odr/weak/weak_odr/common/external_weak) are not instrumented.
If an instrumented variable gets interposed to an uninstrumented variable due to
symbol interposition (e.g. in issue 36893, _ZTS1A in foo.so is resolved to _ZTS1A in
the executable), there may be a bogus error.

With private aliases, the register code will not resolve to a definition in
another module, and thus prevent the issue.

Cons: minor size increase. This is mainly due to extra `__odr_asan_gen_*` symbols.
(ELF) In addition, in relocatable files private aliases replace some relocations
referencing global symbols with .L symbols and may introduce some STT_SECTION symbols.

For lld, with -g0, the size increase is 0.07~0.09% for many configurations I
have tested: -O0, -O1, -O2, -O3, -O2 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
-Wl,--gc-sections. With -g1 or above, the size increase ratio will be even smaller.

This patch obsoletes D92078.

Don't migrate Windows for now: the static data member of a specialization
`std::num_put<char>::id` is a weak symbol, as well as its ODR indicator.
Unfortunately, link.exe (and lld without -lldmingw) generally doesn't support
duplicate weak definitions (weak symbols in different TUs likely pick different
defined external symbols and conflict).

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D137227

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