[analyzer] Detect leaks of stack addresses via output params, indirect globals 3/3 (#105648)

Fix some false negatives of StackAddrEscapeChecker:
- Output parameters
  ```
  void top(int **out) {
    int local = 42;
    *out = &local; // Noncompliant
  }
  ```
- Indirect global pointers
  ```
  int **global;

  void top() {
    int local = 42;
    *global = &local; // Noncompliant
  }
  ```

Note that now StackAddrEscapeChecker produces a diagnostic if a function
with an output parameter is analyzed as top-level or as a callee. I took
special care to make sure the reports point to the same primary location
and, in many cases, feature the same primary message. That is the
motivation to modify Core/BugReporter.cpp and Core/ExplodedGraph.cpp

To avoid false positive reports when a global indirect pointer is
assigned a local address, invalidated, and then reset, I rely on the
fact that the invalidation symbol will be a DerivedSymbol of a
ConjuredSymbol that refers to the same memory region.

The checker still has a false negative for non-trivial escaping via a
returned value. It requires a more sophisticated traversal akin to
scanReachableSymbols, which out of the scope of this change.

CPP-4734

---------

This is the last of the 3 stacked PRs, it must not be merged before
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/105652 and
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/105653

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