[lldb] Guard SBFrame/SBThread methods against running processes (#152020)

Prior to this patch, SBFrame/SBThread methods exhibit racy behavior if
called while the process is running, because they do not lock the
`Process::RetRunLock` mutex. If they did, they would fail, correctly
identifying that the process is not running.

Some methods _attempt_ to protect against this with the pattern:

```
ExecutionContext exe_ctx(m_opaque_sp.get(), lock); // this is a different lock
Process *process = exe_ctx.GetProcessPtr();
if (process) {
  Process::StopLocker stop_locker;
  if (stop_locker.TryLock(&process->GetRunLock()))
        .... do work ...
```

However, this is also racy: the constructor of `ExecutionContext` will
access the frame list, which is something that can only be done once the
process is stopped.

With this patch:

1. The constructor of `ExecutionContext` now expects a `ProcessRunLock`
as an argument. It attempts to lock the run lock, and only fills in
information about frames and threads if the lock can be acquired.
Callers of the constructor are expected to check the lock.
2. All uses of ExecutionContext are adjusted to conform to the above.
3. The SBThread.cpp-defined helper function ResumeNewPlan now expects a
locked ProcessRunLock as _proof_ that the execution is stopped. It will
unlock the mutex prior to resuming the process.

This commit exposes many opportunities for early-returns, but these
would increase the diff of this patch and distract from the important
changes, so we opt not to do it here.

1 files changed, 3 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/lldb/test/API/python_api/run_locker/TestRunLocker.py b/lldb/test/API/python_api/run_locker/TestRunLocker.py
index b7b4941..d525bbf 100644
--- a/lldb/test/API/python_api/run_locker/TestRunLocker.py
+++ b/lldb/test/API/python_api/run_locker/TestRunLocker.py
@@ -107,4 +107,6 @@ class TestRunLocker(TestBase):
             "script var = lldb.frame.EvaluateExpression('SomethingToCall()'); var.GetError().GetCString()",
             result,
         )
-        self.assertIn("sbframe object is not valid", result.GetOutput())
+        self.assertIn(
+            "can't evaluate expressions when the process is running", result.GetOutput()
+        )