[clang-tidy] Extend `bugprone-sizeof-expression` with matching `P +- sizeof(T)` and `P +- N */ sizeof(T)` cases, add `cert-arr39-c` alias (#106061)

Improved `bugprone-sizeof-expression` check to find suspicious pointer
arithmetic calculations where the pointer is offset by an `alignof()`,
`offsetof()`, or `sizeof()` expression.

Pointer arithmetic expressions implicitly scale the offset added to or
subtracted from the address by the size of the pointee type. Using an
offset expression that is already scaled by the size of the underlying
type effectively results in a squared offset, which is likely an invalid
pointer that points beyond the end of the intended array.

```c
void printEveryEvenIndexElement(int *Array, size_t N) {
  int *P = Array;
  while (P <= Array + N * sizeof(int)) { // Suspicious pointer arithmetics using sizeof()!
    printf("%d ", *P);

    P += 2 * sizeof(int); // Suspicious pointer arithmetics using sizeof()!
  }
}
```

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Co-authored-by: Whisperity <whisperity@gmail.com>

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