[lldb][Linux] Add Control Protection Fault signal (#122917)

This will be sent by Arm's Guarded Control Stack extension when an
invalid return is executed.

The signal does have an address we could show, but it's the PC at which
the fault occured. The debugger has plenty of ways to show you that
already, so I've left it out.

```
(lldb) c
Process 460 resuming
Process 460 stopped
* thread #1, name = 'test', stop reason = signal SIGSEGV: control protection fault
    frame #0: 0x0000000000400784 test`main at main.c:57:1
   54  	  afunc();
   55  	  printf("return from main\n");
   56  	  return 0;
-> 57  	}
(lldb) dis
<...>
->  0x400784 <+100>: ret
```

The new test case generates the signal by corrupting the link register
then attempting to return. This will work whether we manually enable GCS
or the C library does it for us.

(in the former case you could just return from main and it would fault)

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