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|
/* Support for generating PDB CodeView debugging files.
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU Binutils.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
MA 02110-1301, USA. */
#include "pdb.h"
#include "bfdlink.h"
#include "ld.h"
#include "ldmisc.h"
#include "libbfd.h"
#include "libiberty.h"
#include "coff/i386.h"
#include "coff/external.h"
#include "coff/internal.h"
#include "coff/pe.h"
#include "libcoff.h"
#include <time.h>
struct public
{
struct public *next;
uint32_t offset;
uint32_t hash;
unsigned int index;
uint16_t section;
uint32_t address;
};
/* Add a new stream to the PDB archive, and return its BFD. */
static bfd *
add_stream (bfd *pdb, const char *name, uint16_t *stream_num)
{
bfd *stream;
uint16_t num;
stream = bfd_create (name ? name : "", pdb);
if (!stream)
return NULL;
if (!bfd_make_writable (stream))
{
bfd_close (stream);
return false;
}
if (!pdb->archive_head)
{
bfd_set_archive_head (pdb, stream);
num = 0;
}
else
{
bfd *b = pdb->archive_head;
num = 1;
while (b->archive_next)
{
num++;
b = b->archive_next;
}
b->archive_next = stream;
}
if (stream_num)
*stream_num = num;
return stream;
}
/* Stream 0 ought to be a copy of the MSF directory from the last
time the PDB file was written. Because we don't do incremental
writes this isn't applicable to us, but we fill it with a dummy
value so as not to confuse radare. */
static bool
create_old_directory_stream (bfd *pdb)
{
bfd *stream;
char buf[sizeof (uint32_t)];
stream = add_stream (pdb, NULL, NULL);
if (!stream)
return false;
bfd_putl32 (0, buf);
return bfd_bwrite (buf, sizeof (uint32_t), stream) == sizeof (uint32_t);
}
/* Calculate the hash of a given string. */
static uint32_t
calc_hash (const char *data, size_t len)
{
uint32_t hash = 0;
while (len >= 4)
{
hash ^= data[0];
hash ^= data[1] << 8;
hash ^= data[2] << 16;
hash ^= data[3] << 24;
data += 4;
len -= 4;
}
if (len >= 2)
{
hash ^= data[0];
hash ^= data[1] << 8;
data += 2;
len -= 2;
}
if (len != 0)
hash ^= *data;
hash |= 0x20202020;
hash ^= (hash >> 11);
return hash ^ (hash >> 16);
}
/* Stream 1 is the PDB info stream - see
https://llvm.org/docs/PDB/PdbStream.html. */
static bool
populate_info_stream (bfd *pdb, bfd *info_stream, const unsigned char *guid)
{
bool ret = false;
struct pdb_stream_70 h;
uint32_t num_entries, num_buckets;
uint32_t names_length, stream_num;
char int_buf[sizeof (uint32_t)];
struct hash_entry
{
uint32_t offset;
uint32_t value;
};
struct hash_entry **buckets = NULL;
/* Write header. */
bfd_putl32 (PDB_STREAM_VERSION_VC70, &h.version);
bfd_putl32 (time (NULL), &h.signature);
bfd_putl32 (1, &h.age);
bfd_putl32 (bfd_getb32 (guid), h.guid);
bfd_putl16 (bfd_getb16 (&guid[4]), &h.guid[4]);
bfd_putl16 (bfd_getb16 (&guid[6]), &h.guid[6]);
memcpy (&h.guid[8], &guid[8], 8);
if (bfd_bwrite (&h, sizeof (h), info_stream) != sizeof (h))
return false;
/* Write hash list of named streams. This is a "rollover" hash, i.e.
if a bucket is filled an entry gets placed in the next free
slot. */
num_entries = 0;
for (bfd *b = pdb->archive_head; b; b = b->archive_next)
{
if (strcmp (b->filename, ""))
num_entries++;
}
num_buckets = num_entries * 2;
names_length = 0;
stream_num = 0;
if (num_buckets > 0)
{
buckets = xmalloc (sizeof (struct hash_entry *) * num_buckets);
memset (buckets, 0, sizeof (struct hash_entry *) * num_buckets);
for (bfd *b = pdb->archive_head; b; b = b->archive_next)
{
if (strcmp (b->filename, ""))
{
size_t len = strlen (b->filename);
uint32_t hash = (uint16_t) calc_hash (b->filename, len);
uint32_t bucket_num = hash % num_buckets;
while (buckets[bucket_num])
{
bucket_num++;
if (bucket_num == num_buckets)
bucket_num = 0;
}
buckets[bucket_num] = xmalloc (sizeof (struct hash_entry));
buckets[bucket_num]->offset = names_length;
buckets[bucket_num]->value = stream_num;
names_length += len + 1;
}
stream_num++;
}
}
/* Write the strings list - the hash keys are indexes into this. */
bfd_putl32 (names_length, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
for (bfd *b = pdb->archive_head; b; b = b->archive_next)
{
if (!strcmp (b->filename, ""))
continue;
size_t len = strlen (b->filename) + 1;
if (bfd_bwrite (b->filename, len, info_stream) != len)
goto end;
}
/* Write the number of entries and buckets. */
bfd_putl32 (num_entries, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
bfd_putl32 (num_buckets, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
/* Write the present bitmap. */
bfd_putl32 ((num_buckets + 31) / 32, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_buckets; i += 32)
{
uint32_t v = 0;
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < 32; j++)
{
if (i + j >= num_buckets)
break;
if (buckets[i + j])
v |= 1 << j;
}
bfd_putl32 (v, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
}
/* Write the (empty) deleted bitmap. */
bfd_putl32 (0, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
/* Write the buckets. */
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_buckets; i++)
{
if (buckets[i])
{
bfd_putl32 (buckets[i]->offset, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
bfd_putl32 (buckets[i]->value, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
}
}
bfd_putl32 (0, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
bfd_putl32 (PDB_STREAM_VERSION_VC140, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), info_stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
ret = true;
end:
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_buckets; i++)
{
if (buckets[i])
free (buckets[i]);
}
free (buckets);
return ret;
}
/* Stream 2 is the type information (TPI) stream, and stream 4 is
the ID information (IPI) stream. They differ only in which records
go in which stream. */
static bool
create_type_stream (bfd *pdb)
{
bfd *stream;
struct pdb_tpi_stream_header h;
stream = add_stream (pdb, NULL, NULL);
if (!stream)
return false;
bfd_putl32 (TPI_STREAM_VERSION_80, &h.version);
bfd_putl32 (sizeof (h), &h.header_size);
bfd_putl32 (TPI_FIRST_INDEX, &h.type_index_begin);
bfd_putl32 (TPI_FIRST_INDEX, &h.type_index_end);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.type_record_bytes);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &h.hash_stream_index);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &h.hash_aux_stream_index);
bfd_putl32 (4, &h.hash_key_size);
bfd_putl32 (0x3ffff, &h.num_hash_buckets);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.hash_value_buffer_offset);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.hash_value_buffer_length);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.index_offset_buffer_offset);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.index_offset_buffer_length);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.hash_adj_buffer_offset);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.hash_adj_buffer_length);
if (bfd_bwrite (&h, sizeof (h), stream) != sizeof (h))
return false;
return true;
}
/* Return the PE architecture number for the image. */
static uint16_t
get_arch_number (bfd *abfd)
{
if (abfd->arch_info->arch != bfd_arch_i386)
return 0;
if (abfd->arch_info->mach & bfd_mach_x86_64)
return IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64;
return IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386;
}
/* Return the index of a given output section. */
static uint16_t
find_section_number (bfd *abfd, asection *sect)
{
uint16_t i = 1;
for (asection *s = abfd->sections; s; s = s->next)
{
if (s == sect)
return i;
/* Empty sections aren't output. */
if (s->size != 0)
i++;
}
return 0;
}
/* Stream 4 is the debug information (DBI) stream. */
static bool
populate_dbi_stream (bfd *stream, bfd *abfd,
uint16_t section_header_stream_num,
uint16_t sym_rec_stream_num,
uint16_t publics_stream_num)
{
struct pdb_dbi_stream_header h;
struct optional_dbg_header opt;
bfd_putl32 (0xffffffff, &h.version_signature);
bfd_putl32 (DBI_STREAM_VERSION_70, &h.version_header);
bfd_putl32 (1, &h.age);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &h.global_stream_index);
bfd_putl16 (0x8e1d, &h.build_number); // MSVC 14.29
bfd_putl16 (publics_stream_num, &h.public_stream_index);
bfd_putl16 (0, &h.pdb_dll_version);
bfd_putl16 (sym_rec_stream_num, &h.sym_record_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0, &h.pdb_dll_rbld);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.mod_info_size);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.section_contribution_size);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.section_map_size);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.source_info_size);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.type_server_map_size);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.mfc_type_server_index);
bfd_putl32 (sizeof (opt), &h.optional_dbg_header_size);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.ec_substream_size);
bfd_putl16 (0, &h.flags);
bfd_putl16 (get_arch_number (abfd), &h.machine);
bfd_putl32 (0, &h.padding);
if (bfd_bwrite (&h, sizeof (h), stream) != sizeof (h))
return false;
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.fpo_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.exception_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.fixup_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.omap_to_src_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.omap_from_src_stream);
bfd_putl16 (section_header_stream_num, &opt.section_header_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.token_map_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.xdata_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.pdata_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.new_fpo_stream);
bfd_putl16 (0xffff, &opt.orig_section_header_stream);
if (bfd_bwrite (&opt, sizeof (opt), stream) != sizeof (opt))
return false;
return true;
}
/* Used as parameter to qsort, to sort publics by hash. */
static int
public_compare_hash (const void *s1, const void *s2)
{
const struct public *p1 = *(const struct public **) s1;
const struct public *p2 = *(const struct public **) s2;
if (p1->hash < p2->hash)
return -1;
if (p1->hash > p2->hash)
return 1;
return 0;
}
/* Used as parameter to qsort, to sort publics by address. */
static int
public_compare_addr (const void *s1, const void *s2)
{
const struct public *p1 = *(const struct public **) s1;
const struct public *p2 = *(const struct public **) s2;
if (p1->section < p2->section)
return -1;
if (p1->section > p2->section)
return 1;
if (p1->address < p2->address)
return -1;
if (p1->address > p2->address)
return 1;
return 0;
}
/* The publics stream is a hash map of S_PUB32 records, which are stored
in the symbol record stream. Each S_PUB32 entry represents a symbol
from the point of view of the linker: a section index, an offset within
the section, and a mangled name. Compare with S_GDATA32 and S_GPROC32,
which are the same thing but generated by the compiler. */
static bool
populate_publics_stream (bfd *stream, bfd *abfd, bfd *sym_rec_stream)
{
struct publics_header header;
struct globals_hash_header hash_header;
const unsigned int num_buckets = 4096;
unsigned int num_entries = 0, filled_buckets = 0;
unsigned int buckets_size, sym_hash_size;
char int_buf[sizeof (uint32_t)];
struct public *publics_head = NULL, *publics_tail = NULL;
struct public **buckets;
struct public **sorted = NULL;
bool ret = false;
buckets = xmalloc (sizeof (struct public *) * num_buckets);
memset (buckets, 0, sizeof (struct public *) * num_buckets);
/* Loop through the global symbols in our input files, and write S_PUB32
records in the symbol record stream for those that make it into the
final image. */
for (bfd *in = coff_data (abfd)->link_info->input_bfds; in;
in = in->link.next)
{
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < in->symcount; i++)
{
struct bfd_symbol *sym = in->outsymbols[i];
if (sym->flags & BSF_GLOBAL)
{
struct pubsym ps;
uint16_t record_length;
const char *name = sym->name;
size_t name_len = strlen (name);
struct public *p = xmalloc (sizeof (struct public));
unsigned int padding = 0;
uint16_t section;
uint32_t flags = 0;
section =
find_section_number (abfd, sym->section->output_section);
if (section == 0)
continue;
p->next = NULL;
p->offset = bfd_tell (sym_rec_stream);
p->hash = calc_hash (name, name_len) % num_buckets;
p->section = section;
p->address = sym->section->output_offset + sym->value;
record_length = sizeof (struct pubsym) + name_len + 1;
if (record_length % 4)
padding = 4 - (record_length % 4);
/* Assume that all global symbols in executable sections
are functions. */
if (sym->section->flags & SEC_CODE)
flags = PUBSYM_FUNCTION;
bfd_putl16 (record_length + padding - sizeof (uint16_t),
&ps.record_length);
bfd_putl16 (S_PUB32, &ps.record_type);
bfd_putl32 (flags, &ps.flags);
bfd_putl32 (p->address, &ps.offset);
bfd_putl16 (p->section, &ps.section);
if (bfd_bwrite (&ps, sizeof (struct pubsym), sym_rec_stream) !=
sizeof (struct pubsym))
goto end;
if (bfd_bwrite (name, name_len + 1, sym_rec_stream) !=
name_len + 1)
goto end;
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < padding; j++)
{
uint8_t b = 0;
if (bfd_bwrite (&b, sizeof (uint8_t), sym_rec_stream) !=
sizeof (uint8_t))
goto end;
}
if (!publics_head)
publics_head = p;
else
publics_tail->next = p;
publics_tail = p;
num_entries++;
}
}
}
if (num_entries > 0)
{
/* Create an array of pointers, sorted by hash value. */
sorted = xmalloc (sizeof (struct public *) * num_entries);
struct public *p = publics_head;
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_entries; i++)
{
sorted[i] = p;
p = p->next;
}
qsort (sorted, num_entries, sizeof (struct public *),
public_compare_hash);
/* Populate the buckets. */
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_entries; i++)
{
if (!buckets[sorted[i]->hash])
{
buckets[sorted[i]->hash] = sorted[i];
filled_buckets++;
}
sorted[i]->index = i;
}
}
buckets_size = num_buckets / 8;
buckets_size += sizeof (uint32_t);
buckets_size += filled_buckets * sizeof (uint32_t);
sym_hash_size = sizeof (hash_header);
sym_hash_size += num_entries * sizeof (struct hash_record);
sym_hash_size += buckets_size;
/* Output the publics header. */
bfd_putl32 (sym_hash_size, &header.sym_hash_size);
bfd_putl32 (num_entries * sizeof (uint32_t), &header.addr_map_size);
bfd_putl32 (0, &header.num_thunks);
bfd_putl32 (0, &header.thunks_size);
bfd_putl32 (0, &header.thunk_table);
bfd_putl32 (0, &header.thunk_table_offset);
bfd_putl32 (0, &header.num_sects);
if (bfd_bwrite (&header, sizeof (header), stream) != sizeof (header))
goto end;
/* Output the global hash header. */
bfd_putl32 (GLOBALS_HASH_SIGNATURE, &hash_header.signature);
bfd_putl32 (GLOBALS_HASH_VERSION_70, &hash_header.version);
bfd_putl32 (num_entries * sizeof (struct hash_record),
&hash_header.entries_size);
bfd_putl32 (buckets_size, &hash_header.buckets_size);
if (bfd_bwrite (&hash_header, sizeof (hash_header), stream) !=
sizeof (hash_header))
goto end;
/* Write the entries in hash order. */
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_entries; i++)
{
struct hash_record hr;
bfd_putl32 (sorted[i]->offset + 1, &hr.offset);
bfd_putl32 (1, &hr.reference);
if (bfd_bwrite (&hr, sizeof (hr), stream) != sizeof (hr))
goto end;
}
/* Write the bitmap for filled and unfilled buckets. */
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_buckets; i += 8)
{
uint8_t v = 0;
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
if (buckets[i + j])
v |= 1 << j;
}
if (bfd_bwrite (&v, sizeof (v), stream) != sizeof (v))
goto end;
}
/* Add a 4-byte gap. */
bfd_putl32 (0, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), stream) != sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
/* Write the bucket offsets. */
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_buckets; i++)
{
if (buckets[i])
{
/* 0xc is size of internal hash_record structure in
Microsoft's parser. */
bfd_putl32 (buckets[i]->index * 0xc, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
}
}
/* Write the address map: offsets into the symbol record stream of
S_PUB32 records, ordered by address. */
if (num_entries > 0)
{
qsort (sorted, num_entries, sizeof (struct public *),
public_compare_addr);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_entries; i++)
{
bfd_putl32 (sorted[i]->offset, int_buf);
if (bfd_bwrite (int_buf, sizeof (uint32_t), stream) !=
sizeof (uint32_t))
goto end;
}
}
ret = true;
end:
free (buckets);
while (publics_head)
{
struct public *p = publics_head->next;
free (publics_head);
publics_head = p;
}
free (sorted);
return ret;
}
/* The section header stream contains a copy of the section headers
from the PE file, in the same format. */
static bool
create_section_header_stream (bfd *pdb, bfd *abfd, uint16_t *num)
{
bfd *stream;
unsigned int section_count;
file_ptr scn_base;
size_t len;
char *buf;
stream = add_stream (pdb, NULL, num);
if (!stream)
return false;
section_count = abfd->section_count;
/* Empty sections aren't output. */
for (asection *sect = abfd->sections; sect; sect = sect->next)
{
if (sect->size == 0)
section_count--;
}
if (section_count == 0)
return true;
/* Copy section table from output - it's already been written at this
point. */
scn_base = bfd_coff_filhsz (abfd) + bfd_coff_aoutsz (abfd);
bfd_seek (abfd, scn_base, SEEK_SET);
len = section_count * sizeof (struct external_scnhdr);
buf = xmalloc (len);
if (bfd_bread (buf, len, abfd) != len)
{
free (buf);
return false;
}
if (bfd_bwrite (buf, len, stream) != len)
{
free (buf);
return false;
}
free (buf);
return true;
}
/* Create a PDB debugging file for the PE image file abfd with the build ID
guid, stored at pdb_name. */
bool
create_pdb_file (bfd *abfd, const char *pdb_name, const unsigned char *guid)
{
bfd *pdb;
bool ret = false;
bfd *info_stream, *dbi_stream, *names_stream, *sym_rec_stream,
*publics_stream;
uint16_t section_header_stream_num, sym_rec_stream_num, publics_stream_num;
pdb = bfd_openw (pdb_name, "pdb");
if (!pdb)
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create PDB file: %E\n"));
return false;
}
bfd_set_format (pdb, bfd_archive);
if (!create_old_directory_stream (pdb))
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create old directory stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
info_stream = add_stream (pdb, NULL, NULL);
if (!info_stream)
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create info stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
if (!create_type_stream (pdb))
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create TPI stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
dbi_stream = add_stream (pdb, NULL, NULL);
if (!dbi_stream)
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create DBI stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
if (!create_type_stream (pdb))
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create IPI stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
names_stream = add_stream (pdb, "/names", NULL);
if (!names_stream)
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create /names stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
sym_rec_stream = add_stream (pdb, NULL, &sym_rec_stream_num);
if (!sym_rec_stream)
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create symbol record stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
publics_stream = add_stream (pdb, NULL, &publics_stream_num);
if (!publics_stream)
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create publics stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
if (!create_section_header_stream (pdb, abfd, §ion_header_stream_num))
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot create section header stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
if (!populate_dbi_stream (dbi_stream, abfd, section_header_stream_num,
sym_rec_stream_num, publics_stream_num))
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot populate DBI stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
if (!populate_publics_stream (publics_stream, abfd, sym_rec_stream))
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot populate publics stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
if (!populate_info_stream (pdb, info_stream, guid))
{
einfo (_("%P: warning: cannot populate info stream "
"in PDB file: %E\n"));
goto end;
}
ret = true;
end:
bfd_close (pdb);
return ret;
}
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