1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
|
-*- text -*-
* Add support for Intel FRED instructions.
* Add support for Intel LKGS instructions.
* Add support for Intel AMX-COMPLEX instructions.
* Add SME2 support to the AArch64 port.
* A new .insn directive is recognized by x86 gas.
* Add support for LoongArch LSX instructions.
* Add support for LoongArch LASX instructions.
* Add support for LoongArch LVZ instructions.
* Add support for LoongArch LBT instructions.
* Initial LoongArch support for linker relaxation has been added.
* Deprecate the LoongArch register aliases $v0, $v1, $x, $fv0 and $fv1.
Changes in 2.40:
* Add support for Intel RAO-INT instructions.
* Add support for Intel AVX-NE-CONVERT instructions.
* Add support for Intel MSRLIST instructions.
* Add support for Intel WRMSRNS instructions.
* Add support for Intel CMPccXADD instructions.
* Add support for Intel AVX-VNNI-INT8 instructions.
* Add support for Intel AVX-IFMA instructions.
* Add support for Intel PREFETCHI instructions.
* Add support for Intel AMX-FP16 instructions.
* gas now supports --compress-debug-sections=zstd to compress
debug sections with zstd.
* Add --enable-default-compressed-debug-sections-algorithm={zlib,zstd}
that selects the default compression algorithm
for --enable-compressed-debug-sections.
* Add support for various T-Head extensions (XTheadBa, XTheadBb, XTheadBs,
XTheadCmo, XTheadCondMov, XTheadFMemIdx, XTheadFmv, XTheadInt, XTheadMemIdx,
XTheadMemPair, XTheadMac, and XTheadSync) from version 2.0 of the T-Head
ISA manual, which are implemented in the Allwinner D1.
* Add support for the RISC-V Zawrs extension, version 1.0-rc4.
* Add support for Cortex-X1C for Arm.
* New command line option --gsframe to generate SFrame unwind information
on x86_64 and aarch64 targets.
Changes in 2.39:
* Remove (rudimentary) support for the x86-64 sub-architectures Intel L1OM and
Intel K1OM.
* Add support for the RISC-V Zicbop, Zicbom, and Zicboz extensions, version
1.0-fd39d01.
* Add support for the RISC-V Zfh extension, version 1.0.
* Add support for the Zhinx extension, version 1.0.0-rc.
* Add support for the RISC-V H extension.
* Add support for the RISC-V Zfhmin extension, version 1.0, and Zhinxmin
extension, version 1.0.0-rc.
Changes in 2.38:
* Add support for AArch64 system registers that were missing in previous
releases.
* Add support for the LoongArch instruction set.
* Add a command-line option, -muse-unaligned-vector-move, for x86 target
to encode aligned vector move as unaligned vector move.
* Add support for Cortex-R52+ for Arm.
* Add support for Cortex-A510, Cortex-A710, Cortex-X2 for AArch64.
* Add support for Cortex-A710 for Arm.
* Add support for Scalable Matrix Extension (SME) for AArch64.
* The --multibyte-handling=[allow|warn|warn-sym-only] option tells the
assembler what to when it encoutners multibyte characters in the input. The
default is to allow them. Setting the option to "warn" will generate a
warning message whenever any multibyte character is encountered. Using the
option to "warn-sym-only" will make the assembler generate a warning whenever a
symbol is defined containing multibyte characters. (References to undefined
symbols will not generate warnings).
* Outputs of .ds.x directive and .tfloat directive with hex input from
x86 assembler have been reduced from 12 bytes to 10 bytes to match the
output of .tfloat directive.
* Add support for 'armv8.8-a', 'armv9-a', 'armv9.1-a', 'armv9.2-a' and
'armv9.3-a' for -march in AArch64 GAS.
* Add support for 'armv8.7-a', 'armv8.8-a', 'armv9-a', 'armv9.1-a',
'armv9.2-a' and 'armv9.3-a' for -march in Arm GAS.
* Add support for Intel AVX512_FP16 instructions.
* Add support for the RISC-V scalar crypto extension, version 1.0.0.
* Add support for the RISC-V vector extension, version 1.0.
* Add support for the Z{f,d,q}inx extensions, version 1.0.0-rc.
* Add support for the RISC-V svinval extension, version 1.0.
* Add support for the RISC-V hypervisor extension, as defined by Privileged
Specification 1.12.
Changes in 2.37:
* arm-symbianelf support removed.
* Add support for Realm Management Extension (RME) for AArch64.
* Add support for the Zba, Zbb, Zbc, and Zbs subsets of the RISC-V
bit manipulation extension, version 0.93.
Changes in 2.36:
* Add support for Intel AVX VNNI instructions.
* Add support for Intel HRESET instruction.
* Add support for Intel UINTR instructions.
* Support non-absolute segment values for i386 lcall and ljmp.
* When setting the link order attribute of ELF sections, it is now possible to
use a numeric section index instead of symbol name.
* Add support for Cortex-A78, Cortex-A78AE, Cortex-A78C and Cortex-X1 for
AArch64 and ARM.
Add support for Cortex-R82, Neoverse V1, and Neoverse N2 for ARM.
* Add support for ETMv4 (Embedded Trace Macrocell), ETE (Embedded Trace
Extension), TRBE (Trace Buffer Extension)and BRBE (Branch Record Buffer
Extension) system registers for AArch64.
* Add support for Armv8-R and Armv8.7-A AArch64.
* Add support for DSB memory nXS barrier, WFET and WFIT instruction for Armv8.7
AArch64.
* Add support for +flagm feature for -march in Armv8.4 AArch64.
* Add support for +ls64 feature for -march in Armv8.7 AArch64. Add atomic
64-byte load/store instructions for this feature.
* Add support for +pauth (Pointer Authentication) feature for -march in
AArch64.
* Add support for Intel TDX instructions.
* Add support for Intel Key Locker instructions.
* Added a .nop directive to generate a single no-op instruction in a target
neutral manner. This instruction does have an effect on DWARF line number
generation, if that is active.
* Removed --reduce-memory-overheads and --hash-size as gas now
uses hash tables that can be expand and shrink automatically.
* Add {disp16} pseudo prefix to x86 assembler.
* Add support for Intel AMX instructions.
* Configure with --enable-x86-used-note by default for Linux/x86.
* Add support for the SHF_GNU_RETAIN flag, which can be applied to
sections using the 'R' flag in the .section directive.
SHF_GNU_RETAIN specifies that the section should not be garbage
collected by the linker. It requires the GNU or FreeBSD ELF OSABIs.
* Add support for the RISC-V Zihintpause extension.
Changes in 2.35:
* X86 NaCl target support is removed.
* Extend .symver directive to update visibility of the original symbol
and assign one original symbol to different versioned symbols.
* Add support for Intel SERIALIZE and TSXLDTRK instructions.
* Add -mlfence-after-load=, -mlfence-before-indirect-branch= and
-mlfence-before-ret= options to x86 assembler to help mitigate
CVE-2020-0551.
* Add --gdwarf-5 option to the assembler to generate DWARF 5 debug output
(if such output is being generated). Added the ability to generate
version 5 .debug_line sections.
* Add -mbig-obj support to i386 MingW targets.
* Add support for the -mriscv-isa-version argument, to select the version of
the RISC-V ISA specification used when assembling.
* Remove support for the RISC-V privileged specification, version 1.9.
Changes in 2.34:
* Add -malign-branch-boundary=NUM, -malign-branch=TYPE[+TYPE...],
-malign-branch-prefix-size=NUM and -mbranches-within-32B-boundaries
options to x86 assembler to align branches within a fixed boundary
with segment prefixes or NOPs.
* Add support for Zilog eZ80 and Zilog Z180 CPUs.
* Add support for z80-elf target.
* Add support for relocation of each byte or word of multibyte value to Z80
targets (just use right shift to 0, 8, 16, or 24 bits or AND operation
with 0xff/0xffff mask): ld a, label >> 16 \ ld hl, label & 0xffff
* Add SDCC support for Z80 targets.
Changes in 2.33:
* Add support for the Arm Scalable Vector Extension version 2 (SVE2)
instructions.
* Add support for the Arm Transactional Memory Extension (TME)
instructions.
* Add support for the Armv8.1-M Mainline and M-profile Vector Extension (MVE)
instructions.
* For MIPS, Add -m[no-]fix-loongson3-llsc option to fix (or not) Loongson3
LLSC Errata. Add a --enable-mips-fix-loongson3-llsc=[yes|no] configure
time option to set the default behavior. Set the default if the configure
option is not used to "no".
* Add support for the Arm Cortex-A76AE, Cortex-A77 and Cortex-M35P
processors.
* Add support for the AArch64 Cortex-A34, Cortex-A65, Cortex-A65AE,
Cortex-A76AE, and Cortex-A77 processors.
* Add .float16 directive for both Arm and AArch64 to allow encoding of 16-bit
floating point literals. Add .float16_format directive and
-mfp16-format=[ieee|alternative] option for Arm to control the format of the
encoding.
* Add --gdwarf-cie-version command line flag. This allows control over which
version of DWARF CIE the assembler creates.
Changes in 2.32:
* Add -mvexwig=[0|1] option to x86 assembler to control encoding of
VEX.W-ignored (WIG) VEX instructions.
* Add -mx86-used-note=[yes|no] option to generate (or not) x86 GNU property
notes. Add a --enable-x86-used-note configure time option to set the
default behavior. Set the default if the configure option is not used
to "no".
* Add support for the MIPS Loongson EXTensions R2 (EXT2) instructions.
* Add support for the MIPS Loongson EXTensions (EXT) instructions.
* Add support for the MIPS Loongson Content Address Memory (CAM) ASE.
* Add support for the C-SKY processor series.
* Add support for the MIPS Loongson MultiMedia extensions Instructions (MMI)
ASE.
Changes in 2.31:
* The ADR and ADRL pseudo-instructions supported by the ARM assembler
now only set the bottom bit of the address of thumb function symbols
if the -mthumb-interwork command line option is active.
* Add support for the MIPS Global INValidate (GINV) ASE.
* Add support for the MIPS Cyclic Redudancy Check (CRC) ASE.
* Add support for the Freescale S12Z architecture.
* Add --generate-missing-build-notes=[yes|no] option to create (or not) GNU
Build Attribute notes if none are present in the input sources. Add a
--enable-generate-build-notes=[yes|no] configure time option to set the
default behaviour. Set the default if the configure option is not used
to "no".
* Remove -mold-gcc command-line option for x86 targets.
* Add -O[2|s] command-line options to x86 assembler to enable alternate
shorter instruction encoding.
* Add support for .nops directive. It is currently supported only for
x86 targets.
* Add support for the .insn directive on RISC-V targets.
Changes in 2.30:
* Add support for loaction views in DWARF debug line information.
Changes in 2.29:
* Add support for ELF SHF_GNU_MBIND.
* Add support for the WebAssembly file format and wasm32 ELF conversion.
* PowerPC gas now checks that the correct register class is used in
instructions. For instance, "addi %f4,%cr3,%r31" warns three times
that the registers are invalid.
* Add support for the Texas Instruments PRU processor.
* Support for the ARMv8-R architecture and Cortex-R52 processor has been
added to the ARM port.
Changes in 2.28:
* Add support for the RISC-V architecture.
* Add support for the ARM Cortex-M23 and Cortex-M33 processors.
Changes in 2.27:
* Default to --enable-compressed-debug-sections=gas for Linux/x86 targets.
* Add --no-pad-sections to stop the assembler from padding the end of output
sections up to their alignment boundary.
* Support for the ARMv8-M architecture has been added to the ARM port. Support
for the ARMv8-M Security and DSP Extensions has also been added to the ARM
port.
* ARC backend accepts .extInstruction, .extCondCode, .extAuxRegister, and
.extCoreRegister pseudo-ops that allow an user to define custom
instructions, conditional codes, auxiliary and core registers.
* Add a configure option --enable-elf-stt-common to decide whether ELF
assembler should generate common symbols with the STT_COMMON type by
default. Default to no.
* New command-line option --elf-stt-common= for ELF targets to control
whether to generate common symbols with the STT_COMMON type.
* Add ability to set section flags and types via numeric values for ELF
based targets.
* Add a configure option --enable-x86-relax-relocations to decide whether
x86 assembler should generate relax relocations by default. Default to
yes, except for x86 Solaris targets older than Solaris 12.
* New command-line option -mrelax-relocations= for x86 target to control
whether to generate relax relocations.
* New command-line option -mfence-as-lock-add=yes for x86 target to encode
lfence, mfence and sfence as "lock addl $0x0, (%[re]sp)".
* Add assembly-time relaxation option for ARC cpus.
* Add --with-cpu=TYPE configure option for ARC gas. This allows the default
cpu type to be adjusted at configure time.
Changes in 2.26:
* Add a configure option --enable-compressed-debug-sections={all,gas} to
decide whether DWARF debug sections should be compressed by default.
* Add support for the ARC EM/HS, and ARC600/700 architectures. Remove
assembler support for Argonaut RISC architectures.
* Symbol and label names can now be enclosed in double quotes (") which allows
them to contain characters that are not part of valid symbol names in high
level languages.
* Added the correctly spelled -march=armv6kz, for ARMv6KZ support. The
previous spelling, -march=armv6zk, is still accepted.
* Support for the ARMv8.1 architecture has been added to the Aarch64 port.
Support for the individual ARMv8.1 Adv.SIMD, LOR and PAN architecture
extensions has also been added to the Aarch64 port.
* Support for the ARMv8.1 architecture has been added to the ARM port. Support
for the individual ARMv8.1 Adv.SIMD and PAN architecture extensions has also
been added to the ARM port.
* Extend --compress-debug-sections option to support
--compress-debug-sections=[none|zlib|zlib-gnu|zlib-gabi] for ELF
targets.
* --compress-debug-sections is turned on for Linux/x86 by default.
Changes in 2.25:
* Add support for the AVR Tiny microcontrollers.
* Replace support for openrisc and or32 with support for or1k.
* Enhanced the ARM port to accept the assembler output from the CodeComposer
Studio tool. Support is enabled via the new command-line option -mccs.
* Add support for the Andes NDS32.
Changes in 2.24:
* Add support for the Texas Instruments MSP430X processor.
* Add -gdwarf-sections command-line option to enable per-code-section
generation of DWARF .debug_line sections.
* Add support for Altera Nios II.
* Add support for the Imagination Technologies Meta processor.
* Add support for the v850e3v5.
* Remove assembler support for MIPS ECOFF targets.
Changes in 2.23:
* Add support for the 64-bit ARM architecture: AArch64.
* Add support for S12X processor.
* Add support for the VLE extension to the PowerPC architecture.
* Add support for the Freescale XGATE architecture.
* Add support for .bundle_align_mode, .bundle_lock, and .bundle_unlock
directives. These are currently available only for x86 and ARM targets.
* Add support for the Renesas RL78 architecture.
* Add support for the Adapteva EPIPHANY architecture.
* For x86, allow 'rep bsf', 'rep bsr', and 'rep ret' syntax.
Changes in 2.22:
* Add support for the Tilera TILEPro and TILE-Gx architectures.
Changes in 2.21:
* Gas no longer requires doubling of ampersands in macros.
* Add support for the TMS320C6000 (TI C6X) processor family.
* GAS now understands an extended syntax in the .section directive flags
for COFF targets that allows the section's alignment to be specified. This
feature has also been backported to the 2.20 release series, starting with
2.20.1.
* Add support for the Renesas RX processor.
* New command-line option, --compress-debug-sections, which requests
compression of DWARF debug information sections in the relocatable output
file. Compressed debug sections are supported by readelf, objdump, and
gold, but not currently by Gnu ld.
Changes in 2.20:
* Added support for v850e2 and v850e2v3.
* GNU/Linux targets now supports "gnu_unique_object" as a value in the .type
pseudo op. It marks the symbol as being globally unique in the entire
process.
* ARM assembler now supports .inst[.nw] pseudo-ops to insert opcodes specified
in binary rather than text.
* Add support for common symbol alignment to PE formats.
* Add support for the new discriminator column in the DWARF line table,
with a discriminator operand for the .loc directive.
* Add support for Sunplus score architecture.
* The .type pseudo-op now accepts a type of STT_GNU_IFUNC which can be used to
indicate that if the symbol is the target of a relocation, its value should
not be use. Instead the function should be invoked and its result used as
the value.
* Add support for Lattice Mico32 (lm32) architecture.
* Add support for Xilinx MicroBlaze architecture.
Changes in 2.19:
* New pseudo op .cfi_val_encoded_addr, to record constant addresses in unwind
tables without runtime relocation.
* New command-line option, -h-tick-hex, for sh, m32c, and h8/300 targets, which
adds compatibility with H'00 style hex constants.
* New command-line option, -msse-check=[none|error|warning], for x86
targets.
* New sub-option added to the assembler's -a command-line switch to
generate a listing output. The 'g' sub-option will insert into the listing
various information about the assembly, such as assembler version, the
command-line options used, and a time stamp.
* New command-line option -msse2avx for x86 target to encode SSE
instructions with VEX prefix.
* Add Intel XSAVE, EPT, MOVBE, AES, PCLMUL, AVX/FMA support for x86 target.
* New command-line options, -march=CPU[,+EXTENSION...], -mtune=CPU,
-mmnemonic=[att|intel], -msyntax=[att|intel], -mindex-reg,
-mnaked-reg and -mold-gcc, for x86 targets.
* Support for generating wide character strings has been added via the new
pseudo ops: .string16, .string32 and .string64.
* Support for SSE5 has been added to the i386 port.
Changes in 2.18:
* The GAS sources are now released under the GPLv3.
* Support for the National Semiconductor CR16 target has been added.
* Added gas .reloc pseudo. This is a low-level interface for creating
relocations.
* Add support for x86_64 PE+ target.
* Add support for Score target.
Changes in 2.17:
* Support for the Infineon XC16X has been added by KPIT Cummins Infosystems.
* Support for ms2 architecture has been added.
* Support for the Z80 processor family has been added.
* Add support for the "@<file>" syntax to the command line, so that extra
switches can be read from <file>.
* The SH target supports a new command-line switch --enable-reg-prefix which,
if enabled, will allow register names to be optionally prefixed with a $
character. This allows register names to be distinguished from label names.
* Macros with a variable number of arguments are now supported. See the
documentation for how this works.
* Added --reduce-memory-overheads switch to reduce the size of the hash
tables used, at the expense of longer assembly times, and
--hash-size=<NUMBER> to set the size of the hash tables used by gas.
* Macro names and macro parameter names can now be any identifier that would
also be legal as a symbol elsewhere. For macro parameter names, this is
known to cause problems in certain sources when the respective target uses
characters inconsistently, and thus macro parameter references may no longer
be recognized as such (see the documentation for details).
* Support the .f_floating, .d_floating, .g_floating and .h_floating directives
for the VAX target in order to be more compatible with the VAX MACRO
assembler.
* New command-line option -mtune=[itanium1|itanium2] for IA64 targets.
Changes in 2.16:
* Redefinition of macros now results in an error.
* New command-line option -mhint.b=[ok|warning|error] for IA64 targets.
* New command-line option -munwind-check=[warning|error] for IA64
targets.
* The IA64 port now uses automatic dependency violation removal as its default
mode.
* Port to MAXQ processor contributed by HCL Tech.
* Added support for generating unwind tables for ARM ELF targets.
* Add a -g command-line option to generate debug information in the target's
preferred debug format.
* Support for the crx-elf target added.
* Support for the sh-symbianelf target added.
* Added a pseudo-op (.secrel32) to generate 32 bit section relative relocations
on pe[i]-i386; required for this target's DWARF 2 support.
* Support for Motorola MCF521x/5249/547x/548x added.
* Support for ColdFire EMAC instructions added and Motorola syntax for MAC/EMAC
instrucitons.
* New command-line option -mno-shared for MIPS ELF targets.
* New command-line option --alternate and pseudo-ops .altmacro and .noaltmacro
added to enter (and leave) alternate macro syntax mode.
Changes in 2.15:
* The MIPS -membedded-pic option (Embedded-PIC code generation) is
deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
* Added PIC m32r Linux (ELF) and support to M32R assembler.
* Added support for ARM V6.
* Added support for sh4a and variants.
* Support for Renesas M32R2 added.
* Limited support for Mapping Symbols as specified in the ARM ELF
specification has been added to the arm assembler.
* On ARM architectures, added a new gas directive ".unreq" that undoes
definitions created by ".req".
* Support for Motorola ColdFire MCF528x added.
* Added --gstabs+ switch to enable the generation of STABS debug format
information with GNU extensions.
* Added support for MIPS64 Release 2.
* Added support for v850e1.
* Added -n switch for x86 assembler. By default, x86 GAS replaces
multiple nop instructions used for alignment within code sections
with multi-byte nop instructions such as leal 0(%esi,1),%esi. This
switch disables the optimization.
* Removed -n option from MIPS assembler. It was not useful, and confused the
existing -non_shared option.
Changes in 2.14:
* Added support for MIPS32 Release 2.
* Added support for Xtensa architecture.
* Support for Intel's iWMMXt processor (an ARM variant) added.
* An assembler test generator has been contributed and an example file that
uses it (gas/testsuite/gas/all/test-gen.c and test-exmaple.c).
* Support for SH2E added.
* GASP has now been removed.
* Support for Texas Instruments TMS320C4x and TMS320C3x series of
DSP's contributed by Michael Hayes and Svein E. Seldal.
* Support for the Ubicom IP2xxx microcontroller added.
Changes in 2.13:
* Support for the Fujitsu FRV architecture added by Red Hat. Models for FR400
and FR500 included.
* Support for DLX processor added.
* GASP has now been deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Use
the macro facilities in GAS instead.
* GASP now correctly parses floating point numbers. Unless the base is
explicitly specified, they are interpreted as decimal numbers regardless of
the currently specified base.
Changes in 2.12:
* Support for Don Knuth's MMIX, by Hans-Peter Nilsson.
* Support for the OpenRISC 32-bit embedded processor by OpenCores.
* The ARM assembler now accepts -march=..., -mcpu=... and -mfpu=... for
specifying the target instruction set. The old method of specifying the
target processor has been deprecated, but is still accepted for
compatibility.
* Support for the VFP floating-point instruction set has been added to
the ARM assembler.
* New psuedo op: .incbin to include a set of binary data at a given point
in the assembly. Contributed by Anders Norlander.
* The MIPS assembler now accepts -march/-mtune. -mcpu has been deprecated
but still works for compatability.
* The MIPS assembler no longer issues a warning by default when it
generates a nop instruction from a macro. The new command-line option
-n will turn on the warning.
Changes in 2.11:
* Support for PDP-11 and 2.11BSD a.out format, by Lars Brinkhoff.
* x86 gas now supports the full Pentium4 instruction set.
* Support for AMD x86-64 architecture, by Jan Hubicka, SuSE Labs.
* Support for Motorola 68HC11 and 68HC12.
* Support for Texas Instruments TMS320C54x (tic54x).
* Support for IA-64.
* Support for i860, by Jason Eckhardt.
* Support for CRIS (Axis Communications ETRAX series).
* x86 gas has a new .arch pseudo op to specify the target CPU architecture.
* x86 gas -q command-line option quietens warnings about register size changes
due to suffix, indirect jmp/call without `*', stand-alone prefixes, and
translating various deprecated floating point instructions.
Changes in 2.10:
* Support for the ARM msr instruction was changed to only allow an immediate
operand when altering the flags field.
* Support for ATMEL AVR.
* Support for IBM 370 ELF. Somewhat experimental.
* Support for numbers with suffixes.
* Added support for breaking to the end of repeat loops.
* Added support for parallel instruction syntax (DOUBLEBAR_PARALLEL).
* New .elseif pseudo-op added.
* New --fatal-warnings option.
* picoJava architecture support added.
* Motorola MCore 210 processor support added.
* A new pseudo-op .intel_syntax has been implemented to allow gas to parse i386
assembly programs with intel syntax.
* New pseudo-ops .func,.endfunc to aid in debugging user-written assembler code.
* Added -gdwarf2 option to generate DWARF 2 debugging information.
* Full 16-bit mode support for i386.
* Greatly improved instruction operand checking for i386. This change will
produce errors or warnings on incorrect assembly code that previous versions
of gas accepted. If you get unexpected messages from code that worked with
older versions of gas, please double check the code before reporting a bug.
* Weak symbol support added for COFF targets.
* Mitsubishi D30V support added.
* Texas Instruments c80 (tms320c80) support added.
* i960 ELF support added.
* ARM ELF support added.
Changes in 2.9:
* Texas Instruments c30 (tms320c30) support added.
* The assembler now optimizes the exception frame information generated by egcs
and gcc 2.8. The new --traditional-format option disables this optimization.
* Added --gstabs option to generate stabs debugging information.
* The -a option takes a new suboption, m (e.g., -alm) to expand macros in a
listing.
* Added -MD option to print dependencies.
Changes in 2.8:
* BeOS support added.
* MIPS16 support added.
* Motorola ColdFire 5200 support added (configure for m68k and use -m5200).
* Alpha/VMS support added.
* m68k options --base-size-default-16, --base-size-default-32,
--disp-size-default-16, and --disp-size-default-32 added.
* The alignment directives now take an optional third argument, which is the
maximum number of bytes to skip. If doing the alignment would require
skipping more than the given number of bytes, the alignment is not done at
all.
* The ELF assembler has a new pseudo-op, .symver, used for symbol versioning.
* The -a option takes a new suboption, c (e.g., -alc), to skip false
conditionals in listings.
* Added new pseudo-op, .equiv; it's like .equ, except that it is an error if
the symbol is already defined.
Changes in 2.7:
* The PowerPC assembler now allows the use of symbolic register names (r0,
etc.) if -mregnames is used. Symbolic names preceded by a '%' (%r0, etc.)
can be used any time. PowerPC 860 move to/from SPR instructions have been
added.
* Alpha Linux (ELF) support added.
* PowerPC ELF support added.
* m68k Linux (ELF) support added.
* i960 Hx/Jx support added.
* i386/PowerPC gnu-win32 support added.
* SCO ELF support added. For OpenServer 5 targets (i386-unknown-sco3.2v5) the
default is to build COFF-only support. To get a set of tools that generate
ELF (they'll understand both COFF and ELF), you must configure with
target=i386-unknown-sco3.2v5elf.
* m88k-motorola-sysv3* support added.
Changes in 2.6:
* Gas now directly supports macros, without requiring GASP.
* Gas now has an MRI assembler compatibility mode. Use -M or --mri to select
MRI mode. The pseudo-op ``.mri 1'' will switch into the MRI mode until the
``.mri 0'' is seen; this can be convenient for inline assembler code.
* Added --defsym SYM=VALUE option.
* Added -mips4 support to MIPS assembler.
* Added PIC support to Solaris and SPARC SunOS 4 assembler.
Changes in 2.4:
* Converted this directory to use an autoconf-generated configure script.
* ARM support, from Richard Earnshaw.
* Updated VMS support, from Pat Rankin, including considerably improved
debugging support.
* Support for the control registers in the 68060.
* Handles (ignores) a new directive ".this_GCC_requires_the_GNU_assembler", to
provide for possible future gcc changes, for targets where gas provides some
features not available in the native assembler. If the native assembler is
used, it should become obvious pretty quickly what the problem is.
* Usage message is available with "--help".
* The GNU Assembler Preprocessor (gasp) is included. (Actually, it was in 2.3
also, but didn't get into the NEWS file.)
* Weak symbol support for a.out.
* A bug in the listing code which could cause an infinite loop has been fixed.
Bugs in listings when generating a COFF object file have also been fixed.
* Initial i386-svr4 PIC implementation from Eric Youngdale, based on code by
Paul Kranenburg.
* Improved Alpha support. Immediate constants can have a much larger range
now. Support for the 21164 has been contributed by Digital.
* Updated ns32k (pc532-mach, netbsd532) support from Ian Dall.
Changes in 2.3:
* Mach i386 support, by David Mackenzie and Ken Raeburn.
* RS/6000 and PowerPC support by Ian Taylor.
* VMS command scripts (make-gas.com, config-gas.com) have been worked on a bit,
based on mail received from various people. The `-h#' option should work
again too.
* HP-PA work, by Jeff Law. Note, for the PA, gas-2.3 has been designed to work
with gdb-4.12 and gcc-2.6. As gcc-2.6 has not been released yet, a special
version of gcc-2.5.8 has been patched to work with gas-2.3. You can retrieve
this special version of gcc-2.5.8 via anonymous ftp from jaguar.cs.utah.edu
in the "dist" directory.
* Vax support in gas fixed for BSD, so it builds and seems to run a couple
simple tests okay. I haven't put it through extensive testing. (GNU make is
currently required for BSD 4.3 builds.)
* Support for the DEC Alpha, running OSF/1 (ECOFF format). The gas support is
based on code donated by CMU, which used an a.out-based format. I'm afraid
the alpha-a.out support is pretty badly mangled, and much of it removed;
making it work will require rewriting it as BFD support for the format anyways.
* Irix 5 support.
* The test suites have been fixed up a bit, so that they should work with a
couple different versions of expect and dejagnu.
* Symbols' values are now handled internally as expressions, permitting more
flexibility in evaluating them in some cases. Some details of relocation
handling have also changed, and simple constant pool management has been
added, to make the Alpha port easier.
* New option "--statistics" for printing out program run times. This is
intended to be used with the gcc "-Q" option, which prints out times spent in
various phases of compilation. (You should be able to get all of them
printed out with "gcc -Q -Wa,--statistics", I think.)
Changes in 2.2:
* RS/6000 AIX and MIPS SGI Irix 5 support has been added.
* Configurations that are still in development (and therefore are convenient to
have listed in configure.in) still get rejected without a minor change to
gas/Makefile.in, so people not doing development work shouldn't get the
impression that support for such configurations is actually believed to be
reliable.
* The program name (usually "as") is printed when a fatal error message is
displayed. This should prevent some confusion about the source of occasional
messages about "internal errors".
* ELF support is falling into place. Support for the 386 should be working.
Support for SPARC Solaris is in. HPPA support from Utah is being integrated.
* Symbol values are maintained as expressions instead of being immediately
boiled down to add-symbol, sub-symbol, and constant. This permits slightly
more complex calculations involving symbols whose values are not alreadey
known.
* DBX-style debugging info ("stabs") is now supported for COFF formats.
If any stabs directives are seen in the source, GAS will create two new
sections: a ".stab" and a ".stabstr" section. The format of the .stab
section is nearly identical to the a.out symbol format, and .stabstr is
its string table. For this to be useful, you must have configured GCC
to generate stabs (by defining DBX_DEBUGGING_INFO), and must have a GDB
that can use the stab sections (4.11 or later).
* LynxOS, on i386 and m68k platforms, is now supported. SPARC LynxOS
support is in progress.
Changes in 2.1:
* Several small fixes for i386-aix (PS/2) support from Minh Tran-Le have been
incorporated, but not well tested yet.
* Altered the opcode table split for m68k; it should require less VM to compile
with gcc now.
* Some minor adjustments to add (Convergent Technologies') Miniframe support,
suggested by Ronald Cole.
* HPPA support (running OSF only, not HPUX) has been contributed by Utah. This
includes improved ELF support, which I've started adapting for SPARC Solaris
2.x. Integration isn't completely, so it probably won't work.
* HP9000/300 support, donated by HP, has been merged in.
* Ian Taylor has finished the MIPS ECOFF (Ultrix, Irix) support.
* Better error messages for unsupported configurations (e.g., hppa-hpux).
* Test suite framework is starting to become reasonable.
Changes in 2.0:
* Mostly bug fixes.
* Some more merging of BFD and ELF code, but ELF still doesn't work.
Changes in 1.94:
* BFD merge is partly done. Adventurous souls may try giving configure the
"--with-bfd-assembler" option. Currently, ELF format requires it, a.out
format accepts it; SPARC CPU accepts it. It's the default only for OS "elf"
or "solaris". (ELF isn't really supported yet. It needs work. I've got
some code from Utah for HP-PA ELF, and from DG for m88k ELF, but they're not
fully merged yet.)
* The 68K opcode table has been split in half. It should now compile under gcc
without consuming ridiculous amounts of memory.
* A couple data structures have been reduced in size. This should result in
saving a little bit of space at runtime.
* Support for MIPS, from OSF and Ralph Campbell, has been merged in. The OSF
code provided ROSE format support, which I haven't merged in yet. (I can
make it available, if anyone wants to try it out.) Ralph's code, for BSD
4.4, supports a.out format. We don't have ECOFF support in just yet; it's
coming.
* Support for the Hitachi H8/500 has been added.
* VMS host and target support should be working now, thanks chiefly to Eric
Youngdale.
Changes in 1.93.01:
* For m68k, support for more processors has been added: 68040, CPU32, 68851.
* For i386, .align is now power-of-two; was number-of-bytes.
* For m68k, "%" is now accepted before register names. For COFF format, which
doesn't use underscore prefixes for C labels, it is required, so variable "a0"
can be distinguished from the register.
* Last public release was 1.38. Lots of configuration changes since then, lots
of new CPUs and formats, lots of bugs fixed.
Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
notice and this notice are preserved.
Local variables:
fill-column: 79
End:
|