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+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+NNAAMMEE
+       readline - get a line from a user with editing
+
+SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
+       ##iinncclluuddee <<rreeaaddlliinnee..hh>>
+       ##iinncclluuddee <<hhiissttoorryy..hh>>
+
+       cchhaarr **rreeaaddlliinnee ((pprroommpptt))
+       cchhaarr **pprroommpptt;;
+
+CCOOPPYYRRIIGGHHTT
+       Readline  is Copyright (C) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996 by
+       the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
+       rreeaaddlliinnee will read a line from the terminal and return it,
+       using pprroommpptt as a prompt.  If pprroommpptt is null, no prompt is
+       issued.  The line returned is allocated with _m_a_l_l_o_c(3), so
+       the  caller must free it when finished.  The line returned
+       has the final newline removed, so only  the  text  of  the
+       line remains.
+
+       rreeaaddlliinnee  offers  editing  capabilities  while the user is
+       entering the line.  By default, the line editing  commands
+       are  similar  to  those of emacs.  A vi-style line editing
+       interface is also available.
+
+RREETTUURRNN VVAALLUUEE
+       rreeaaddlliinnee returns the text of the line read.  A blank  line
+       returns  the  empty  string.   If EEOOFF is encountered while
+       reading a line, and the line is empty, NNUULLLL  is  returned.
+       If  an EEOOFF is read with a non-empty line, it is treated as
+       a newline.
+
+NNOOTTAATTIIOONN
+       An emacs-style notation  is  used  to  denote  keystrokes.
+       Control  keys  are  denoted by C-_k_e_y, e.g., C-n means Con-
+       trol-N.  Similarly, _m_e_t_a keys are denoted by M-_k_e_y, so M-x
+       means Meta-X.  (On keyboards without a _m_e_t_a key, M-_x means
+       ESC _x, i.e., press the Escape key then the  _x  key.   This
+       makes  ESC  the  _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_f_i_x.  The combination M-C-_x means
+       ESC-Control-_x, or press the Escape key then hold the  Con-
+       trol key while pressing the _x key.)
+
+       Readline  commands  may  be given numeric _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s, which
+       normally act as a repeat count.  Sometimes, however, it is
+       the  sign  of the argument that is significant.  Passing a
+       negative argument to a command that acts  in  the  forward
+       direction  (e.g., kkiillll--lliinnee) causes that command to act in
+       a backward direction.  Commands whose behavior with  argu-
+       ments deviates from this are noted.
+
+       When  a  command  is  described  as _k_i_l_l_i_n_g text, the text
+       deleted is saved for possible future retrieval  (_y_a_n_k_i_n_g).
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          1
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+       The  killed  text  is  saved  in a _k_i_l_l _r_i_n_g.  Consecutive
+       kills cause the text to  be  accumulated  into  one  unit,
+       which  can  be  yanked all at once.  Commands which do not
+       kill text separate the chunks of text on the kill ring.
+
+IINNIITTIIAALLIIZZAATTIIOONN FFIILLEE
+       Readline is customized by putting commands in an  initial-
+       ization file (the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file).  The name of this file is
+       taken from the value of the IINNPPUUTTRRCC environment  variable.
+       If  that  variable  is  unset,  the default is _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c.
+       When a program which uses the readline library starts  up,
+       the  init file is read, and the key bindings and variables
+       are set.  There are only a few basic constructs allowed in
+       the  readline  init file.  Blank lines are ignored.  Lines
+       beginning with a ## are comments.  Lines beginning with a $$
+       indicate  conditional  constructs.  Other lines denote key
+       bindings and variable settings.  Each program  using  this
+       library may add its own commands and bindings.
+
+       For example, placing
+
+              M-Control-u: universal-argument
+       or
+              C-Meta-u: universal-argument
+       into  the  _i_n_p_u_t_r_c  would  make M-C-u execute the readline
+       command _u_n_i_v_e_r_s_a_l_-_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t.
+
+       The following  symbolic  character  names  are  recognized
+       while processing key bindings: _R_U_B_O_U_T, _D_E_L, _E_S_C, _L_F_D, _N_E_W_-
+       _L_I_N_E, _R_E_T, _R_E_T_U_R_N, _S_P_C, _S_P_A_C_E, and _T_A_B.   In  addition  to
+       command  names,  readline  allows  keys  to  be bound to a
+       string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a _m_a_c_r_o).
+
+
+   KKeeyy BBiinnddiinnggss
+       The  syntax  for  controlling  key bindings in the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c
+       file is simple.  All that is required is the name  of  the
+       command or the text of a macro and a key sequence to which
+       it should be bound. The name may be specified  in  one  of
+       two  ways:  as a symbolic key name, possibly with _M_e_t_a_- or
+       _C_o_n_t_r_o_l_- prefixes, or as a key sequence.  When  using  the
+       form  kkeeyynnaammee:_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e  or _m_a_c_r_o, _k_e_y_n_a_m_e is the name
+       of a key spelled out in English.  For example:
+
+              Control-u: universal-argument
+              Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word
+              Control-o: ">&output"
+
+       In the above example, _C_-_u is bound to the function uunniivveerr--
+       ssaall--aarrgguummeenntt,   _M_-_D_E_L  is  bound  to  the  function  bbaacckk--
+       wwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd,  and  _C_-_o  is  bound  to  run  the   macro
+       expressed  on  the right hand side (that is, to insert the
+       text _>_&_o_u_t_p_u_t into the line).
+
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          2
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+       In the second form, ""kkeeyysseeqq"":_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e or _m_a_c_r_o,  kkeeyy--
+       sseeqq differs from kkeeyynnaammee above in that strings denoting an
+       entire key  sequence  may  be  specified  by  placing  the
+       sequence  within  double quotes.  Some GNU Emacs style key
+       escapes can be used, as in the following example.
+
+              "\C-u": universal-argument
+              "\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file
+              "\e[11~": "Function Key 1"
+
+       In this example, _C_-_u is again bound to the  function  uunnii--
+       vveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt.    _C_-_x  _C_-_r  is  bound  to  the  function
+       rree--rreeaadd--iinniitt--ffiillee, and _E_S_C _[ _1 _1 _~ is bound to insert  the
+       text  FFuunnccttiioonn  KKeeyy  11.   The  full set of GNU Emacs style
+       escape sequences is
+              \\CC--    control prefix
+              \\MM--    meta prefix
+              \\ee     an escape character
+              \\\\     backslash
+              \\""     literal "
+              \\''     literal '
+
+       In addition to the GNU Emacs  style  escape  sequences,  a
+       second set of backslash escapes is available:
+              \\aa     alert (bell)
+              \\bb     backspace
+              \\dd     delete
+              \\ff     form feed
+              \\nn     newline
+              \\rr     carriage return
+              \\tt     horizontal tab
+              \\vv     vertical tab
+              \\_n_n_n   the  character whose ASCII code is the octal
+                     value _n_n_n (one to three digits)
+              \\xx_n_n_n  the character whose ASCII code is  the  hex-
+                     adecimal value _n_n_n (one to three digits)
+
+       When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes
+       should be used to indicate a macro  definition.   Unquoted
+       text is assumed to be a function name.  In the macro body,
+       the backslash escapes described above are expanded.  Back-
+       slash  will  quote  any other character in the macro text,
+       including " and '.
+
+       BBaasshh allows the current readline key bindings to  be  dis-
+       played  or  modified  with  the bbiinndd builtin command.  The
+       editing mode may be switched  during  interactive  use  by
+       using  the  --oo  option  to the sseett builtin command.  Other
+       programs using this library  provide  similar  mechanisms.
+       The  _i_n_p_u_t_r_c  file  may be edited and re-read if a program
+       does not provide any other means to incorporate new  bind-
+       ings.
+
+
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          3
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+   VVaarriiaabblleess
+       Readline  has  variables  that can be used to further cus-
+       tomize its behavior.  A variable may be set in the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c
+       file with a statement of the form
+
+              sseett _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e_-_n_a_m_e _v_a_l_u_e
+
+       Except where noted, readline variables can take the values
+       OOnn or OOffff.  The variables and their default values are:
+
+       bbeellll--ssttyyllee ((aauuddiibbllee))
+              Controls what happens when readline wants  to  ring
+              the  terminal bell.  If set to nnoonnee, readline never
+              rings the bell.  If set to vviissiibbllee, readline uses a
+              visible  bell if one is available.  If set to aauuddii--
+              bbllee, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
+       ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn ((````##''''))
+              The  string  that  is  inserted in vvii mode when the
+              iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt command is executed.   This  command
+              is  bound  to MM--## in emacs mode and to ## in vi com-
+              mand mode.
+       ccoommpplleettiioonn--iiggnnoorree--ccaassee ((OOffff))
+              If set to OOnn, readline performs  filename  matching
+              and completion in a case-insensitive fashion.
+       ccoommpplleettiioonn--qquueerryy--iitteemmss ((110000))
+              This  determines  when  the  user  is queried about
+              viewing the number of possible  completions  gener-
+              ated  by  the ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonnss command.  It may
+              be set to any integer value greater than  or  equal
+              to  zero.  If the number of possible completions is
+              greater than or equal to the value  of  this  vari-
+              able, the user is asked whether or not he wishes to
+              view them; otherwise they are simply listed on  the
+              terminal.
+       ccoonnvveerrtt--mmeettaa ((OOnn))
+              If set to OOnn, readline will convert characters with
+              the eighth bit set to  an  ASCII  key  sequence  by
+              stripping  the  eighth bit and prepending an escape
+              character (in effect, using escape as the _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_-
+              _f_i_x).
+       ddiissaabbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonn ((OOffff))
+              If  set  to  OOnn, readline will inhibit word comple-
+              tion.  Completion characters will be inserted  into
+              the line as if they had been mapped to sseellff--iinnsseerrtt.
+       eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee ((eemmaaccss))
+              Controls whether readline begins with a set of  key
+              bindings  similar to _e_m_a_c_s or _v_i.  eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee can
+              be set to either eemmaaccss or vvii.
+       eennaabbllee--kkeeyyppaadd ((OOffff))
+              When set to OOnn, readline will  try  to  enable  the
+              application keypad when it is called.  Some systems
+              need this to enable the arrow keys.
+       eexxppaanndd--ttiillddee ((OOffff))
+              If set to oonn, tilde  expansion  is  performed  when
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          4
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+              readline attempts word completion.
+       hhoorriizzoonnttaall--ssccrroollll--mmooddee ((OOffff))
+              When  set  to  OOnn, makes readline use a single line
+              for display, scrolling the input horizontally on  a
+              single  screen line when it becomes longer than the
+              screen width rather than wrapping to a new line.
+       kkeeyymmaapp ((eemmaaccss))
+              Set the current readline keymap.  The set of  legal
+              keymap  names is _e_m_a_c_s_, _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d_, _e_m_a_c_s_-_m_e_t_a_,
+              _e_m_a_c_s_-_c_t_l_x_, _v_i_, _v_i_-_m_o_v_e_, _v_i_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d, and _v_i_-_i_n_s_e_r_t.
+              _v_i is equivalent to _v_i_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d; _e_m_a_c_s is equivalent
+              to _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d.  The default value is _e_m_a_c_s; the
+              value  of  eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee  also  affects  the default
+              keymap.
+       mmaarrkk--ddiirreeccttoorriieess ((OOnn))
+              If set to OOnn, complete<d  directory  names  have  a
+              slash appended.
+       mmaarrkk--mmooddiiffiieedd--lliinneess ((OOffff))
+              If set to OOnn, history lines that have been modified
+              are displayed with a preceding asterisk (**).
+       mmeettaa--ffllaagg ((OOffff))
+              If set to OOnn, readline will enable eight-bit  input
+              (that  is,  it will not strip the high bit from the
+              characters it reads), regardless of what the termi-
+              nal claims it can support.
+       oouuttppuutt--mmeettaa ((OOffff))
+              If set to OOnn, readline will display characters with
+              the eighth bit set directly rather than as a  meta-
+              prefixed escape sequence.
+       pprriinntt--ccoommpplleettiioonnss--hhoorriizzoonnttaallllyy ((OOffff))
+              If  set  to  OOnn,  readline will display completions
+              with matches sorted  horizontally  in  alphabetical
+              order, rather than down the screen.
+       sshhooww--aallll--iiff--aammbbiigguuoouuss ((OOffff))
+              This  alters the default behavior of the completion
+              functions.  If set to oonn,  words  which  have  more
+              than  one  possible completion cause the matches to
+              be listed immediately instead of ringing the  bell.
+       vviissiibbllee--ssttaattss ((OOffff))
+              If set to OOnn, a character denoting a file's type as
+              reported by ssttaatt(2) is  appended  to  the  filename
+              when listing possible completions.
+
+   CCoonnddiittiioonnaall CCoonnssttrruuccttss
+       Readline  implements  a  facility similar in spirit to the
+       conditional compilation features  of  the  C  preprocessor
+       which allows key bindings and variable settings to be per-
+       formed as the result of  tests.   There  are  four  parser
+       directives used.
+
+       $$iiff    The  $$iiff construct allows bindings to be made based
+              on the editing mode, the terminal  being  used,  or
+              the  application  using  readline.  The text of the
+              test extends to the end of the line; no  characters
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          5
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+              are required to isolate it.
+
+              mmooddee   The  mmooddee== form of the $$iiff directive is used
+                     to test whether readline is in emacs  or  vi
+                     mode.   This may be used in conjunction with
+                     the sseett kkeeyymmaapp command, for instance, to set
+                     bindings  in  the  _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d and _e_m_a_c_s_-
+                     _c_t_l_x keymaps only if  readline  is  starting
+                     out in emacs mode.
+
+              tteerrmm   The tteerrmm== form may be used to include termi-
+                     nal-specific key bindings, perhaps  to  bind
+                     the  key  sequences output by the terminal's
+                     function keys.  The word on the  right  side
+                     of  the == is tested against the full name of
+                     the terminal and the portion of the terminal
+                     name before the first --.  This allows _s_u_n to
+                     match both _s_u_n and _s_u_n_-_c_m_d, for instance.
+
+              aapppplliiccaattiioonn
+                     The aapppplliiccaattiioonn construct is used to include
+                     application-specific settings.  Each program
+                     using the readline library sets the _a_p_p_l_i_c_a_-
+                     _t_i_o_n  _n_a_m_e,  and  an initialization file can
+                     test for a particular value.  This could  be
+                     used to bind key sequences to functions use-
+                     ful for a specific program.   For  instance,
+                     the  following  command  adds a key sequence
+                     that quotes the current or previous word  in
+                     Bash:
+
+                     $$iiff bash
+                     # Quote the current or previous word
+                     "\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\""
+                     $$eennddiiff
+
+       $$eennddiiff This command, as seen in the previous example, ter-
+              minates an $$iiff command.
+
+       $$eellssee  Commands in this branch of the  $$iiff  directive  are
+              executed if the test fails.
+
+       $$iinncclluuddee
+              This  directive takes a single filename as an argu-
+              ment and reads  commands  and  bindings  from  that
+              file.   For  example, the following directive would
+              read _/_e_t_c_/_i_n_p_u_t_r_c:
+
+              $$iinncclluuddee  _/_e_t_c_/_i_n_p_u_t_r_c
+
+SSEEAARRCCHHIINNGG
+       Readline provides commands for searching through the  com-
+       mand  history  for  lines  containing  a specified string.
+       There  are  two  search  modes:   _i_n_c_r_e_m_e_n_t_a_l   and   _n_o_n_-
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          6
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+       _i_n_c_r_e_m_e_n_t_a_l.
+
+       Incremental  searches  begin  before the user has finished
+       typing the search string.  As each character of the search
+       string is typed, readline displays the next entry from the
+       history matching the string typed so far.  An  incremental
+       search  requires only as many characters as needed to find
+       the desired history entry.  The Escape character  is  used
+       to  terminate  an incremental search.  Control-J will also
+       terminate the search.  Control-G will abort an incremental
+       search  and restore the original line.  When the search is
+       terminated, the history entry containing the search string
+       becomes  the current line.  To find other matching entries
+       in the history list, type Control-S or Control-R as appro-
+       priate.   This will search backward or forward in the his-
+       tory for the next line matching the search string typed so
+       far.   Any  other key sequence bound to a readline command
+       will terminate the search and execute that  command.   For
+       instance,  a  _n_e_w_l_i_n_e will terminate the search and accept
+       the line, thereby executing the command from  the  history
+       list.
+
+       Non-incremental  searches  read  the  entire search string
+       before starting to search for matching history lines.  The
+       search  string  may be typed by the user or be part of the
+       contents of the current line.
+
+EEDDIITTIINNGG CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
+       The following is a list of the names of the  commands  and
+       the  default  key sequences to which they are bound.  Com-
+       mand  names  without  an  accompanying  key  sequence  are
+       unbound by default.
+
+   CCoommmmaannddss ffoorr MMoovviinngg
+       bbeeggiinnnniinngg--ooff--lliinnee ((CC--aa))
+              Move to the start of the current line.
+       eenndd--ooff--lliinnee ((CC--ee))
+              Move to the end of the line.
+       ffoorrwwaarrdd--cchhaarr ((CC--ff))
+              Move forward a character.
+       bbaacckkwwaarrdd--cchhaarr ((CC--bb))
+              Move back a character.
+       ffoorrwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd ((MM--ff))
+              Move  forward  to  the end of the next word.  Words
+              are composed of  alphanumeric  characters  (letters
+              and digits).
+       bbaacckkwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd ((MM--bb))
+              Move  back  to  the start of this, or the previous,
+              word.  Words are composed of  alphanumeric  charac-
+              ters (letters and digits).
+       cclleeaarr--ssccrreeeenn ((CC--ll))
+              Clear  the  screen  leaving the current line at the
+              top of the screen.  With an argument,  refresh  the
+              current line without clearing the screen.
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          7
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+       rreeddrraaww--ccuurrrreenntt--lliinnee
+              Refresh the current line.
+
+   CCoommmmaannddss ffoorr MMaanniippuullaattiinngg tthhee HHiissttoorryy
+       aacccceepptt--lliinnee ((NNeewwlliinnee,, RReettuurrnn))
+              Accept  the line regardless of where the cursor is.
+              If this line is non-empty, add it  to  the  history
+              list.  If the line is a modified history line, then
+              restore the history line to its original state.
+       pprreevviioouuss--hhiissttoorryy ((CC--pp))
+              Fetch the previous command from the  history  list,
+              moving back in the list.
+       nneexxtt--hhiissttoorryy ((CC--nn))
+              Fetch  the next command from the history list, mov-
+              ing forward in the list.
+       bbeeggiinnnniinngg--ooff--hhiissttoorryy ((MM--<<))
+              Move to the first line in the history.
+       eenndd--ooff--hhiissttoorryy ((MM-->>))
+              Move to the end of the  input  history,  i.e.,  the
+              line currently being entered.
+       rreevveerrssee--sseeaarrcchh--hhiissttoorryy ((CC--rr))
+              Search  backward  starting  at the current line and
+              moving `up' through the history as necessary.  This
+              is an incremental search.
+       ffoorrwwaarrdd--sseeaarrcchh--hhiissttoorryy ((CC--ss))
+              Search  forward  starting  at  the current line and
+              moving `down' through  the  history  as  necessary.
+              This is an incremental search.
+       nnoonn--iinnccrreemmeennttaall--rreevveerrssee--sseeaarrcchh--hhiissttoorryy ((MM--pp))
+              Search backward through the history starting at the
+              current line using a non-incremental search  for  a
+              string supplied by the user.
+       nnoonn--iinnccrreemmeennttaall--ffoorrwwaarrdd--sseeaarrcchh--hhiissttoorryy ((MM--nn))
+              Search  forward  through  the  history using a non-
+              incremental search for a  string  supplied  by  the
+              user.
+       hhiissttoorryy--sseeaarrcchh--ffoorrwwaarrdd
+              Search  forward  through the history for the string
+              of characters between the start of the current line
+              and  the current cursor position (the _p_o_i_n_t).  This
+              is a non-incremental search.
+       hhiissttoorryy--sseeaarrcchh--bbaacckkwwaarrdd
+              Search backward through the history for the  string
+              of characters between the start of the current line
+              and the point.  This is a non-incremental search.
+       yyaannkk--nntthh--aarrgg ((MM--CC--yy))
+              Insert the first argument to the  previous  command
+              (usually  the  second word on the previous line) at
+              point (the current cursor position).  With an argu-
+              ment  _n, insert the _nth word from the previous com-
+              mand (the words in the previous command begin  with
+              word  0).  A negative argument inserts the _nth word
+              from the end of the previous command.
+
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          8
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+       yyaannkk--llaasstt--aarrgg ((MM--..,, MM--__))
+              Insert the last argument to  the  previous  command
+              (the  last  word  of  the  previous history entry).
+              With an argument, behave exactly like yyaannkk--nntthh--aarrgg.
+              Successive calls to yyaannkk--llaasstt--aarrgg move back through
+              the history list, inserting the  last  argument  of
+              each line in turn.
+
+   CCoommmmaannddss ffoorr CChhaannggiinngg TTeexxtt
+       ddeelleettee--cchhaarr ((CC--dd))
+              Delete the character under the cursor.  If point is
+              at the beginning of the line, there are no  charac-
+              ters  in the line, and the last character typed was
+              not bound to BBddeelleettee--cchhaarr, then return EEOOFF.
+       bbaacckkwwaarrdd--ddeelleettee--cchhaarr ((RRuubboouutt))
+              Delete the character behind the cursor.  When given
+              a  numeric  argument,  save the deleted text on the
+              kill ring.
+       qquuootteedd--iinnsseerrtt ((CC--qq,, CC--vv))
+              Add the next character that you type  to  the  line
+              verbatim.   This  is  how to insert characters like
+              CC--qq, for example.
+       ttaabb--iinnsseerrtt ((MM--TTAABB))
+              Insert a tab character.
+       sseellff--iinnsseerrtt ((aa,, bb,, AA,, 11,, !!,, ......))
+              Insert the character typed.
+       ttrraannssppoossee--cchhaarrss ((CC--tt))
+              Drag the character before point  forward  over  the
+              character  at  point.  Point moves forward as well.
+              If point is at the end of the line, then  transpose
+              the  two  characters  before point.  Negative argu-
+              ments don't work.
+       ttrraannssppoossee--wwoorrddss ((MM--tt))
+              Drag the word behind the cursor past  the  word  in
+              front  of  the  cursor  moving the cursor over that
+              word as well.
+       uuppccaassee--wwoorrdd ((MM--uu))
+              Uppercase the current (or following) word.  With  a
+              negative argument, uppercase the previous word, but
+              do not move point.
+       ddoowwnnccaassee--wwoorrdd ((MM--ll))
+              Lowercase the current (or following) word.  With  a
+              negative argument, lowercase the previous word, but
+              do not move point.
+       ccaappiittaalliizzee--wwoorrdd ((MM--cc))
+              Capitalize the current (or following) word.  With a
+              negative  argument,  capitalize  the previous word,
+              but do not move point.
+
+   KKiilllliinngg aanndd YYaannkkiinngg
+       kkiillll--lliinnee ((CC--kk))
+              Kill the text from the current cursor  position  to
+              the end of the line.
+
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                          9
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+       bbaacckkwwaarrdd--kkiillll--lliinnee ((CC--xx RRuubboouutt))
+              Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
+       uunniixx--lliinnee--ddiissccaarrdd ((CC--uu))
+              Kill  backward  from  point to the beginning of the
+              line.  The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
+       kkiillll--wwhhoollee--lliinnee
+              Kill all characters on the current line, no  matter
+              where the cursor is.
+       kkiillll--wwoorrdd ((MM--dd))
+              Kill  from  the  cursor  to  the end of the current
+              word, or if between words, to the end of  the  next
+              word.   Word  boundaries are the same as those used
+              by ffoorrwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd.
+       bbaacckkwwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd ((MM--RRuubboouutt))
+              Kill the word behind the cursor.   Word  boundaries
+              are the same as those used by bbaacckkwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd.
+       uunniixx--wwoorrdd--rruubboouutt ((CC--ww))
+              Kill  the word behind the cursor, using white space
+              as a word boundary.  The word boundaries  are  dif-
+              ferent from bbaacckkwwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd.
+       ddeelleettee--hhoorriizzoonnttaall--ssppaaccee ((MM--\\))
+              Delete all spaces and tabs around point.
+       kkiillll--rreeggiioonn
+              Kill  the  text  between  the point and _m_a_r_k (saved
+              cursor position).  This text is referred to as  the
+              _r_e_g_i_o_n.
+       ccooppyy--rreeggiioonn--aass--kkiillll
+              Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer.
+       ccooppyy--bbaacckkwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd
+              Copy the word before point to the kill buffer.  The
+              word boundaries are the same as bbaacckkwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd.
+       ccooppyy--ffoorrwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd
+              Copy the word following point to the  kill  buffer.
+              The word boundaries are the same as ffoorrwwaarrdd--wwoorrdd.
+       yyaannkk ((CC--yy))
+              Yank  the  top  of the kill ring into the buffer at
+              the cursor.
+       yyaannkk--ppoopp ((MM--yy))
+              Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new  top.   Only
+              works following yyaannkk or yyaannkk--ppoopp.
+
+   NNuummeerriicc AArrgguummeennttss
+       ddiiggiitt--aarrgguummeenntt ((MM--00,, MM--11,, ......,, MM----))
+              Add  this  digit to the argument already accumulat-
+              ing, or start a new argument.  M-- starts  a  nega-
+              tive argument.
+       uunniivveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt
+              This  is  another  way  to specify an argument.  If
+              this command is followed by  one  or  more  digits,
+              optionally  with a leading minus sign, those digits
+              define the argument.  If the command is followed by
+              digits, executing uunniivveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt again ends the
+              numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored.   As  a
+              special   case,  if  this  command  is  immediately
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                         10
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+              followed by a character that is neither a digit  or
+              minus sign, the argument count for the next command
+              is multiplied by four.  The argument count is  ini-
+              tially  one,  so  executing this function the first
+              time makes the argument count four, a  second  time
+              makes the argument count sixteen, and so on.
+
+   CCoommpplleettiinngg
+       ccoommpplleettee ((TTAABB))
+              Attempt  to  perform  completion on the text before
+              point.  The actual completion performed is applica-
+              tion-specific.   BBaasshh,  for instance, attempts com-
+              pletion treating the text as  a  variable  (if  the
+              text  begins  with $$), username (if the text begins
+              with ~~), hostname (if the text begins with  @@),  or
+              command  (including aliases and functions) in turn.
+              If none of these produces a match, filename comple-
+              tion  is attempted.  GGddbb, on the other hand, allows
+              completion of program functions and variables,  and
+              only  attempts  filename  completion  under certain
+              circumstances.
+       ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonnss ((MM--??))
+              List the possible completions of  the  text  before
+              point.
+       iinnsseerrtt--ccoommpplleettiioonnss ((MM--**))
+              Insert  all  completions  of  the text before point
+              that would have been generated by  ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommppllee--
+              ttiioonnss.
+       mmeennuu--ccoommpplleettee
+              Similar  to  ccoommpplleettee,  but replaces the word to be
+              completed with a single match from the list of pos-
+              sible completions.  Repeated execution of mmeennuu--ccoomm--
+              pplleettee steps through the list  of  possible  comple-
+              tions, inserting each match in turn.  At the end of
+              the list of completions, the bell is rung  and  the
+              original  text is restored.  An argument of _n moves
+              _n positions forward in the list of matches; a nega-
+              tive  argument may be used to move backward through
+              the list.  This command is intended to be bound  to
+              TTAABB, but is unbound by default.
+
+   KKeeyybbooaarrdd MMaaccrrooss
+       ssttaarrtt--kkbbdd--mmaaccrroo ((CC--xx (())
+              Begin  saving the characters typed into the current
+              keyboard macro.
+       eenndd--kkbbdd--mmaaccrroo ((CC--xx ))))
+              Stop saving the characters typed into  the  current
+              keyboard macro and store the definition.
+       ccaallll--llaasstt--kkbbdd--mmaaccrroo ((CC--xx ee))
+              Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by mak-
+              ing the characters in the macro appear as if  typed
+              at the keyboard.
+
+
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                         11
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+   MMiisscceellllaanneeoouuss
+       rree--rreeaadd--iinniitt--ffiillee ((CC--xx CC--rr))
+              Read  in  the  contents  of  the  _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file, and
+              incorporate any bindings  or  variable  assignments
+              found there.
+       aabboorrtt ((CC--gg))
+              Abort the current editing command and ring the ter-
+              minal's   bell   (subject   to   the   setting   of
+              bbeellll--ssttyyllee).
+       ddoo--uuppppeerrccaassee--vveerrssiioonn ((MM--aa,, MM--bb,, MM--_x,, ......))
+              If  the  metafied character _x is lowercase, run the
+              command that is bound to the  corresponding  upper-
+              case character.
+       pprreeffiixx--mmeettaa ((EESSCC))
+              Metafy  the next character typed.  EESSCC ff is equiva-
+              lent to MMeettaa--ff.
+       uunnddoo ((CC--__,, CC--xx CC--uu))
+              Incremental undo, separately  remembered  for  each
+              line.
+       rreevveerrtt--lliinnee ((MM--rr))
+              Undo  all  changes made to this line.  This is like
+              executing the uunnddoo command enough times  to  return
+              the line to its initial state.
+       ttiillddee--eexxppaanndd ((MM--~~))
+              Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
+       sseett--mmaarrkk ((CC--@@,, MM--<<ssppaaccee>>))
+              Set  the  mark  to the current point.  If a numeric
+              argument is supplied, the mark is set to that posi-
+              tion.
+       eexxcchhaannggee--ppooiinntt--aanndd--mmaarrkk ((CC--xx CC--xx))
+              Swap  the  point with the mark.  The current cursor
+              position is set to the saved position, and the  old
+              cursor position is saved as the mark.
+       cchhaarraacctteerr--sseeaarrcchh ((CC--]]))
+              A  character is read and point is moved to the next
+              occurrence of that  character.   A  negative  count
+              searches for previous occurrences.
+       cchhaarraacctteerr--sseeaarrcchh--bbaacckkwwaarrdd ((MM--CC--]]))
+              A  character is read and point is moved to the pre-
+              vious occurrence of  that  character.   A  negative
+              count searches for subsequent occurrences.
+       iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt ((MM--##))
+              The value of the readline ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn variable is
+              inserted at the beginning of the current line,  and
+              the  line  is  accepted  as  if  a newline had been
+              typed.  This makes the current line  a  shell  com-
+              ment.
+       dduummpp--ffuunnccttiioonnss
+              Print  all  of the functions and their key bindings
+              to the readline output stream.  If a numeric  argu-
+              ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a
+              way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file.
+       dduummpp--vvaarriiaabblleess
+              Print all  of  the  settable  variables  and  their
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                         12
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+              values to the readline output stream.  If a numeric
+              argument is supplied, the output  is  formatted  in
+              such  a  way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c
+              file.
+       dduummpp--mmaaccrrooss
+              Print all of the readline key  sequences  bound  to
+              macros  and  the  strings they ouput.  If a numeric
+              argument is supplied, the output  is  formatted  in
+              such  a  way that it can be made part of an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c
+              file.
+       eemmaaccss--eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee ((CC--ee))
+              When in vvii editing mode, this causes  a  switch  to
+              eemmaaccss editing mode.
+       vvii--eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee ((MM--CC--jj))
+              When in eemmaaccss editing mode, this causes a switch to
+              vvii editing mode.
+
+DDEEFFAAUULLTT KKEEYY BBIINNDDIINNGGSS
+       The following is a list of the default emacs and vi  bind-
+       ings.   Characters  with  the  8th  bit set are written as
+       M-<character>, and are referred to as _m_e_t_a_f_i_e_d characters.
+       The  printable  ASCII characters not mentioned in the list
+       of emacs standard bindings are bound  to  the  _s_e_l_f_-_i_n_s_e_r_t
+       function,  which just inserts the given character into the
+       input line.  In vi  insertion  mode,  all  characters  not
+       specifically  mentioned are bound to _s_e_l_f_-_i_n_s_e_r_t.  Charac-
+       ters assigned to signal generation by _s_t_t_y(1) or the  ter-
+       minal  driver,  such  as C-Z or C-C, retain that function.
+       Upper and lower case _m_e_t_a_f_i_e_d characters are bound to  the
+       same  function in the emacs mode meta keymap.  The remain-
+       ing characters are unbound, which causes readline to  ring
+       the  bell  (subject to the setting of the bbeellll--ssttyyllee vari-
+       able).
+
+   EEmmaaccss MMooddee
+             Emacs Standard bindings
+
+             "C-@"  set-mark
+             "C-A"  beginning-of-line
+             "C-B"  backward-char
+             "C-D"  delete-char
+             "C-E"  end-of-line
+             "C-F"  forward-char
+             "C-G"  abort
+             "C-H"  backward-delete-char
+             "C-I"  complete
+             "C-J"  accept-line
+             "C-K"  kill-line
+             "C-L"  clear-screen
+             "C-M"  accept-line
+             "C-N"  next-history
+             "C-P"  previous-history
+             "C-Q"  quoted-insert
+             "C-R"  reverse-search-history
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                         13
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+             "C-S"  forward-search-history
+             "C-T"  transpose-chars
+             "C-U"  unix-line-discard
+             "C-V"  quoted-insert
+             "C-W"  unix-word-rubout
+             "C-Y"  yank
+             "C-]"  character-search
+             "C-_"  undo
+             " " to "/"  self-insert
+             "0"  to "9"  self-insert
+             ":"  to "~"  self-insert
+             "C-?"  backward-delete-char
+
+             Emacs Meta bindings
+
+             "M-C-G"  abort
+             "M-C-H"  backward-kill-word
+             "M-C-I"  tab-insert
+             "M-C-J"  vi-editing-mode
+             "M-C-M"  vi-editing-mode
+             "M-C-R"  revert-line
+             "M-C-Y"  yank-nth-arg
+             "M-C-["  complete
+             "M-C-]"  character-search-backward
+             "M-space"  set-mark
+             "M-#"  insert-comment
+             "M-&"  tilde-expand
+             "M-*"  insert-completions
+             "M--"  digit-argument
+             "M-."  yank-last-arg
+             "M-0"  digit-argument
+             "M-1"  digit-argument
+             "M-2"  digit-argument
+             "M-3"  digit-argument
+             "M-4"  digit-argument
+             "M-5"  digit-argument
+             "M-6"  digit-argument
+             "M-7"  digit-argument
+             "M-8"  digit-argument
+             "M-9"  digit-argument
+             "M-<"  beginning-of-history
+             "M-="  possible-completions
+             "M->"  end-of-history
+             "M-?"  possible-completions
+             "M-B"  backward-word
+             "M-C"  capitalize-word
+             "M-D"  kill-word
+             "M-F"  forward-word
+             "M-L"  downcase-word
+             "M-N"  non-incremental-forward-search-history
+             "M-P"  non-incremental-reverse-search-history
+             "M-R"  revert-line
+             "M-T"  transpose-words
+             "M-U"  upcase-word
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                         14
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+             "M-Y"  yank-pop
+             "M-\"  delete-horizontal-space
+             "M-~"  tilde-expand
+             "M-C-?"  backward-delete-word
+             "M-_"  yank-last-arg
+
+             Emacs Control-X bindings
+
+             "C-XC-G"  abort
+             "C-XC-R"  re-read-init-file
+             "C-XC-U"  undo
+             "C-XC-X"  exchange-point-and-mark
+             "C-X("  start-kbd-macro
+             "C-X)"  end-kbd-macro
+             "C-XE"  call-last-kbd-macro
+             "C-XC-?"  backward-kill-line
+
+
+   VVII MMooddee bbiinnddiinnggss
+             VI Insert Mode functions
+
+             "C-D"  vi-eof-maybe
+             "C-H"  backward-delete-char
+             "C-I"  complete
+             "C-J"  accept-line
+             "C-M"  accept-line
+             "C-R"  reverse-search-history
+             "C-S"  forward-search-history
+             "C-T"  transpose-chars
+             "C-U"  unix-line-discard
+             "C-V"  quoted-insert
+             "C-W"  unix-word-rubout
+             "C-Y"  yank
+             "C-["  vi-movement-mode
+             "C-_"  undo
+             " " to "~"  self-insert
+             "C-?"  backward-delete-char
+
+             VI Command Mode functions
+
+             "C-D"  vi-eof-maybe
+             "C-E"  emacs-editing-mode
+             "C-G"  abort
+             "C-H"  backward-char
+             "C-J"  accept-line
+             "C-K"  kill-line
+             "C-L"  clear-screen
+             "C-M"  accept-line
+             "C-N"  next-history
+             "C-P"  previous-history
+             "C-Q"  quoted-insert
+             "C-R"  reverse-search-history
+             "C-S"  forward-search-history
+             "C-T"  transpose-chars
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                         15
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+             "C-U"  unix-line-discard
+             "C-V"  quoted-insert
+             "C-W"  unix-word-rubout
+             "C-Y"  yank
+             " "  forward-char
+             "#"  insert-comment
+             "$"  end-of-line
+             "%"  vi-match
+             "&"  vi-tilde-expand
+             "*"  vi-complete
+             "+"  next-history
+             ","  vi-char-search
+             "-"  previous-history
+             "."  vi-redo
+             "/"  vi-search
+             "0"  beginning-of-line
+             "1" to "9"  vi-arg-digit
+             ";"  vi-char-search
+             "="  vi-complete
+             "?"  vi-search
+             "A"  vi-append-eol
+             "B"  vi-prev-word
+             "C"  vi-change-to
+             "D"  vi-delete-to
+             "E"  vi-end-word
+             "F"  vi-char-search
+             "G"  vi-fetch-history
+             "I"  vi-insert-beg
+             "N"  vi-search-again
+             "P"  vi-put
+             "R"  vi-replace
+             "S"  vi-subst
+             "T"  vi-char-search
+             "U"  revert-line
+             "W"  vi-next-word
+             "X"  backward-delete-char
+             "Y"  vi-yank-to
+             "\"  vi-complete
+             "^"  vi-first-print
+             "_"  vi-yank-arg
+             "`"  vi-goto-mark
+             "a"  vi-append-mode
+             "b"  vi-prev-word
+             "c"  vi-change-to
+             "d"  vi-delete-to
+             "e"  vi-end-word
+             "f"  vi-char-search
+             "h"  backward-char
+             "i"  vi-insertion-mode
+             "j"  next-history
+             "k"  prev-history
+             "l"  forward-char
+             "m"  vi-set-mark
+             "n"  vi-search-again
+
+
+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                         16
+
+
+
+
+
+READLINE(3)                                           READLINE(3)
+
+
+             "p"  vi-put
+             "r"  vi-change-char
+             "s"  vi-subst
+             "t"  vi-char-search
+             "u"  undo
+             "w"  vi-next-word
+             "x"  vi-delete
+             "y"  vi-yank-to
+             "|"  vi-column
+             "~"  vi-change-case
+
+SSEEEE AALLSSOO
+       _T_h_e _G_n_u _R_e_a_d_l_i_n_e _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
+       _T_h_e _G_n_u _H_i_s_t_o_r_y _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
+       _b_a_s_h(1)
+
+FFIILLEESS
+       _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c
+              Individual rreeaaddlliinnee initialization file
+
+AAUUTTHHOORRSS
+       Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation (primary author)
+       bfox@ai.MIT.Edu
+
+       Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University
+       chet@ins.CWRU.Edu
+
+BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS
+       If you find a bug in rreeaaddlliinnee,, you should report it.   But
+       first,  you  should make sure that it really is a bug, and
+       that it appears in the  latest  version  of  the  rreeaaddlliinnee
+       library that you have.
+
+       Once  you have determined that a bug actually exists, mail
+       a bug report to _b_u_g_-_r_e_a_d_l_i_n_e@_g_n_u_._o_r_g.  If you have a  fix,
+       you  are  welcome  to  mail that as well!  Suggestions and
+       `philosophical' bug reports may  be  mailed  to  _b_u_g_-_r_e_a_d_-
+       _l_i_n_e@_g_n_u_._o_r_g   or   posted   to   the   Usenet   newsgroup
+       ggnnuu..bbaasshh..bbuugg.
+
+       Comments and  bug  reports  concerning  this  manual  page
+       should be directed to _c_h_e_t_@_i_n_s_._C_W_R_U_._E_d_u.
+
+BBUUGGSS
+       It's too big and too slow.
+
+
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+
+GNU                        1998 Feb 19                         17
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+