ld/

	PR 63
	* ldlang.h (lang_output_section_statement_type): Make "next" a
	struct lang_output_section_statement_struct *.
	(struct orphan_save): Move from elf32.em.  Add "name" and "flags".
	(lang_output_section_find_by_flags, lang_insert_orphan): Declare.
	* ldlang.c (lang_output_section_find_1): Adjust for changed
	output_section_statement "next".
	(strip_excluded_output_sections): Likewise.
	(lang_record_phdrs): Likewise.
	(lang_output_section_find_by_flags): New function.
	(output_prev_sec_find): Move from pe.em.  Adjust iterator.
	(lang_insert_orphan): New function.  Tail end of elf32.em's
	place_orphan merged with that from pe.em.  Allow bfd_section to
	be placed first.  New heuristic for placing new output section
	statement in existing script, and accompanying split of __start
	symbol alignment into a separate assignment to dot.
	(lang_add_section): Consistently use output->bfd_section rather than
	an alias, section->output_section.
	(map_input_to_output_sections): Rename overly long arg.  Move
	initialization of data_statement output section to here..
	(lang_check_section_addresses): ..from here.
	(print_assignment): Correct printing of etree_assert.
	(print_all_symbols): Don't bomb if userdata is NULL.
	(IGNORE_SECTION): Rearrange.
	* emultempl/elf32.em (output_rel_find): Adjust interator.
	(output_prev_sec_find): Delete.
	(struct orphan_save): Delete.
	(gld${EMULATION_NAME}_place_orphan): Cater for zero bfd_section
	flags without creating a duplicate output section statement.
	Revise code holding history of various orphan section placements.
	Allow orphan sections to place before script specified output
	sections.  Call lang_output_section_find_by_flags when placement
	by name fails.  Use lang_insert_orphan.
	* emultempl/mmo.em (output_prev_sec_find): Delete.
	(struct orphan_save): Delete.
	(mmo_place_orphan): Revise code holding history of orphan placement.
	Allow orphans to place before existing output sections.  Use
	lang_insert_orphan.
	* emultempl/pe.em (output_prev_sec_find): Delete.
	(struct orphan_save): Delete.
	(gld_${EMULATION_NAME}_place_orphan): Revise to suit use of
	lang_insert_orphan.
ld/testsuite/
	* ld-scripts/overlay-size.d: Update for changed orphan section
	placement.
	* ld-mmix/bpo-18.d: Likewise.

3 files changed, 217 insertions, 670 deletions

diff --git a/ld/emultempl/elf32.em b/ld/emultempl/elf32.em
index 6273f0e..f9e2cf9 100644
--- a/ld/emultempl/elf32.em
+++ b/ld/emultempl/elf32.em
@@ -1172,12 +1172,11 @@ fi
 if test x"$LDEMUL_PLACE_ORPHAN" != xgld"$EMULATION_NAME"_place_orphan; then
 cat >>e${EMULATION_NAME}.c <<EOF
 
-/* A variant of lang_output_section_find.  Used by place_orphan.  */
+/* A variant of lang_output_section_find used by place_orphan.  */
 
 static lang_output_section_statement_type *
 output_rel_find (asection *sec, int isdyn)
 {
-  lang_statement_union_type *u;
   lang_output_section_statement_type *lookup;
   lang_output_section_statement_type *last = NULL;
   lang_output_section_statement_type *last_alloc = NULL;
@@ -1185,9 +1184,10 @@ output_rel_find (asection *sec, int isdyn)
   lang_output_section_statement_type *last_rel_alloc = NULL;
   int rela = sec->name[4] == 'a';
 
-  for (u = lang_output_section_statement.head; u; u = lookup->next)
+  for (lookup = &lang_output_section_statement.head->output_section_statement;
+       lookup != NULL;
+       lookup = lookup->next)
     {
-      lookup = &u->output_section_statement;
       if (lookup->constraint != -1
 	  && strncmp (".rel", lookup->name, 4) == 0)
 	{
@@ -1229,63 +1229,52 @@ output_rel_find (asection *sec, int isdyn)
   return last;
 }
 
-/* Find the last output section before given output statement.
-   Used by place_orphan.  */
-
-static asection *
-output_prev_sec_find (lang_output_section_statement_type *os)
-{
-  asection *s = (asection *) NULL;
-  lang_statement_union_type *u;
-  lang_output_section_statement_type *lookup;
-
-  for (u = lang_output_section_statement.head;
-       u != (lang_statement_union_type *) NULL;
-       u = lookup->next)
-    {
-      lookup = &u->output_section_statement;
-      if (lookup == os)
-	return s;
-
-      if (lookup->bfd_section != NULL && lookup->bfd_section->owner != NULL)
-	s = lookup->bfd_section;
-    }
-
-  return NULL;
-}
-
 /* Place an orphan section.  We use this to put random SHF_ALLOC
    sections in the right segment.  */
 
-struct orphan_save {
-  lang_output_section_statement_type *os;
-  asection **section;
-  lang_statement_union_type **stmt;
-  lang_statement_union_type **os_tail;
-};
-
 static bfd_boolean
 gld${EMULATION_NAME}_place_orphan (lang_input_statement_type *file, asection *s)
 {
-  static struct orphan_save hold_text;
-  static struct orphan_save hold_rodata;
-  static struct orphan_save hold_data;
-  static struct orphan_save hold_bss;
-  static struct orphan_save hold_rel;
-  static struct orphan_save hold_interp;
-  static struct orphan_save hold_sdata;
-  static int count = 1;
+  static struct orphan_save hold[] =
+    {
+      { ".text",
+	SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_CODE,
+	0, 0, 0, 0 },
+      { ".rodata",
+	SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_DATA,
+	0, 0, 0, 0 },
+      { ".data",
+	SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_DATA,
+	0, 0, 0, 0 },
+      { ".bss",
+	SEC_ALLOC,
+	0, 0, 0, 0 },
+      { 0,
+	SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_DATA,
+	0, 0, 0, 0 },
+      { ".interp",
+	SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_DATA,
+	0, 0, 0, 0 },
+      { ".sdata",
+	SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_DATA | SEC_SMALL_DATA,
+	0, 0, 0, 0 }
+    };
+  enum orphan_save_index
+    {
+      orphan_text = 0,
+      orphan_rodata,
+      orphan_data,
+      orphan_bss,
+      orphan_rel,
+      orphan_interp,
+      orphan_sdata
+    };
+  static int orphan_init_done = 0;
   struct orphan_save *place;
-  lang_statement_list_type *old;
-  lang_statement_list_type add;
-  etree_type *address;
   const char *secname;
-  const char *ps = NULL;
+  lang_output_section_statement_type *after;
   lang_output_section_statement_type *os;
-  lang_statement_union_type **os_tail;
-  etree_type *load_base;
   int isdyn = 0;
-  asection *sec;
 
   secname = bfd_get_section_name (s->owner, s);
 
@@ -1308,27 +1297,42 @@ gld${EMULATION_NAME}_place_orphan (lang_input_statement_type *file, asection *s)
 
       if (os != NULL
 	  && (os->bfd_section == NULL
+	      || os->bfd_section->flags == 0
 	      || ((s->flags ^ os->bfd_section->flags)
 		  & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC)) == 0))
 	{
 	  /* We already have an output section statement with this
-	     name, and its bfd section, if any, has compatible flags.  */
+	     name, and its bfd section, if any, has compatible flags.
+	     If the section already exists but does not have any flags
+	     set, then it has been created by the linker, probably as a
+	     result of a --section-start command line switch.  */
 	  lang_add_section (&os->children, s, os, file);
 	  return TRUE;
 	}
     }
 
-  if (hold_text.os == NULL)
-    hold_text.os = lang_output_section_find (".text");
+  if (!orphan_init_done)
+    {
+      struct orphan_save *ho;
+      for (ho = hold; ho < hold + sizeof (hold) / sizeof (hold[0]); ++ho)
+	if (ho->name != NULL)
+	  {
+	    ho->os = lang_output_section_find (ho->name);
+	    if (ho->os != NULL && ho->os->flags == 0)
+	      ho->os->flags = ho->flags;
+	  }
+      orphan_init_done = 1;
+    }
 
   /* If this is a final link, then always put .gnu.warning.SYMBOL
      sections into the .text section to get them out of the way.  */
   if (link_info.executable
       && ! link_info.relocatable
       && strncmp (secname, ".gnu.warning.", sizeof ".gnu.warning." - 1) == 0
-      && hold_text.os != NULL)
+      && hold[orphan_text].os != NULL)
     {
-      lang_add_section (&hold_text.os->children, s, hold_text.os, file);
+      lang_add_section (&hold[orphan_text].os->children, s,
+			hold[orphan_text].os, file);
       return TRUE;
     }
 
@@ -1337,220 +1341,57 @@ gld${EMULATION_NAME}_place_orphan (lang_input_statement_type *file, asection *s)
      right after the .interp section, so that the PT_NOTE segment is
      stored right after the program headers where the OS can read it
      in the first page.  */
-#define HAVE_SECTION(hold, name) \
-(hold.os != NULL || (hold.os = lang_output_section_find (name)) != NULL)
 
   place = NULL;
   if ((s->flags & SEC_ALLOC) == 0)
     ;
   else if ((s->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0
-	   && strncmp (secname, ".note", 5) == 0
-	   && HAVE_SECTION (hold_interp, ".interp"))
-    place = &hold_interp;
-  else if ((s->flags & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS) == 0
-	   && HAVE_SECTION (hold_bss, ".bss"))
-    place = &hold_bss;
-  else if ((s->flags & SEC_SMALL_DATA) != 0
-	   && HAVE_SECTION (hold_sdata, ".sdata"))
-    place = &hold_sdata;
-  else if ((s->flags & SEC_READONLY) == 0
-	   && HAVE_SECTION (hold_data, ".data"))
-    place = &hold_data;
+	   && strncmp (secname, ".note", 5) == 0)
+    place = &hold[orphan_interp];
+  else if ((s->flags & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS)) == 0)
+    place = &hold[orphan_bss];
+  else if ((s->flags & SEC_SMALL_DATA) != 0)
+    place = &hold[orphan_sdata];
+  else if ((s->flags & SEC_READONLY) == 0)
+    place = &hold[orphan_data];
   else if (strncmp (secname, ".rel", 4) == 0
-	   && (s->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0
-	   && (hold_rel.os != NULL
-	       || (hold_rel.os = output_rel_find (s, isdyn)) != NULL))
-    place = &hold_rel;
-  else if ((s->flags & (SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY)) == SEC_READONLY
-	   && HAVE_SECTION (hold_rodata, ".rodata"))
-    place = &hold_rodata;
-  else if ((s->flags & (SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY)) == (SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY)
-	   && hold_text.os != NULL)
-    place = &hold_text;
-
-#undef HAVE_SECTION
-
-  /* Choose a unique name for the section.  This will be needed if the
-     same section name appears in the input file with different
-     loadable or allocatable characteristics.  But if the section
-     already exists but does not have any flags set, then it has been
-     created by the linker, probably as a result of a --section-start
-     command line switch.  */
-  if ((sec = bfd_get_section_by_name (output_bfd, secname)) != NULL
-      && bfd_get_section_flags (output_bfd, sec) != 0)
-    {
-      secname = bfd_get_unique_section_name (output_bfd, secname, &count);
-      if (secname == NULL)
-	einfo ("%F%P: place_orphan failed: %E\n");
-    }
-
-  /* Start building a list of statements for this section.
-     First save the current statement pointer.  */
-  old = stat_ptr;
+	   && (s->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0)
+    place = &hold[orphan_rel];
+  else if ((s->flags & SEC_CODE) == 0)
+    place = &hold[orphan_rodata];
+  else
+    place = &hold[orphan_text];
 
-  /* If we have found an appropriate place for the output section
-     statements for this orphan, add them to our own private list,
-     inserting them later into the global statement list.  */
+  after = NULL;
   if (place != NULL)
     {
-      stat_ptr = &add;
-      lang_list_init (stat_ptr);
-    }
-
-  if (config.build_constructors)
-    {
-      /* If the name of the section is representable in C, then create
-	 symbols to mark the start and the end of the section.  */
-      for (ps = secname; *ps != '\0'; ps++)
-	if (! ISALNUM (*ps) && *ps != '_')
-	  break;
-      if (*ps == '\0')
+      if (place->os == NULL)
 	{
-	  char *symname;
-	  etree_type *e_align;
-
-	  symname = (char *) xmalloc (ps - secname + sizeof "__start_");
-	  sprintf (symname, "__start_%s", secname);
-	  e_align = exp_unop (ALIGN_K,
-			      exp_intop ((bfd_vma) 1 << s->alignment_power));
-	  lang_add_assignment (exp_assop ('=', symname, e_align));
+	  if (place->name != NULL)
+	    place->os = lang_output_section_find (place->name);
+	  else
+	    place->os = output_rel_find (s, isdyn);
 	}
+      after = place->os;
+      if (after == NULL)
+	after = lang_output_section_find_by_flags (s, &place->os);
+      if (after == NULL)
+	/* *ABS* is always the first output section statement.  */
+	after = &lang_output_section_statement.head->output_section_statement;
     }
 
-  address = NULL;
-  if (link_info.relocatable || (s->flags & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC)) == 0)
-    address = exp_intop ((bfd_vma) 0);
-
-  load_base = NULL;
-  if (place != NULL && place->os->load_base != NULL)
-    {
-      etree_type *lma_from_vma;
-      lma_from_vma = exp_binop ('-', place->os->load_base,
-				exp_nameop (ADDR, place->os->name));
-      load_base = exp_binop ('+', lma_from_vma,
-			     exp_nameop (ADDR, secname));
-    }
-
-  os_tail = lang_output_section_statement.tail;
-  os = lang_enter_output_section_statement (secname, address, 0,
-					    (etree_type *) NULL,
-					    (etree_type *) NULL,
-					    load_base, 0);
-
-  lang_add_section (&os->children, s, os, file);
-
-  lang_leave_output_section_statement
-    ((bfd_vma) 0, "*default*",
-     (struct lang_output_section_phdr_list *) NULL, NULL);
-
-  if (config.build_constructors && *ps == '\0')
+  /* Choose a unique name for the section.  This will be needed if the
+     same section name appears in the input file with different
+     loadable or allocatable characteristics.  */
+  if (bfd_get_section_by_name (output_bfd, secname) != NULL)
     {
-      char *symname;
-
-      /* lang_leave_ouput_section_statement resets stat_ptr.  Put
-	 stat_ptr back where we want it.  */
-      if (place != NULL)
-	stat_ptr = &add;
-
-      symname = (char *) xmalloc (ps - secname + sizeof "__stop_");
-      sprintf (symname, "__stop_%s", secname);
-      lang_add_assignment (exp_assop ('=', symname,
-				      exp_nameop (NAME, ".")));
+      static int count = 1;
+      secname = bfd_get_unique_section_name (output_bfd, secname, &count);
+      if (secname == NULL)
+	einfo ("%F%P: place_orphan failed: %E\n");
     }
 
-  /* Restore the global list pointer.  */
-  stat_ptr = old;
-
-  if (place != NULL && os->bfd_section != NULL)
-    {
-      asection *snew, **pps;
-
-      snew = os->bfd_section;
-
-      /* Shuffle the bfd section list to make the output file look
-	 neater.  This is really only cosmetic.  */
-      if (place->section == NULL)
-	{
-	  asection *bfd_section = place->os->bfd_section;
-
-	  /* If the output statement hasn't been used to place
-	     any input sections (and thus doesn't have an output
-	     bfd_section), look for the closest prior output statement
-	     having an output section.  */
-	  if (bfd_section == NULL)
-	    bfd_section = output_prev_sec_find (place->os);
-
-	  if (bfd_section != NULL && bfd_section != snew)
-	    place->section = &bfd_section->next;
-	}
-
-      if (place->section != NULL)
-	{
-	  /* Unlink the section.  */
-	  for (pps = &output_bfd->sections; *pps != snew; pps = &(*pps)->next)
-	    ;
-	  bfd_section_list_remove (output_bfd, pps);
-
-	  /* Now tack it on to the "place->os" section list.  */
-	  bfd_section_list_insert (output_bfd, place->section, snew);
-	}
-
-      /* Save the end of this list.  Further ophans of this type will
-	 follow the one we've just added.  */
-      place->section = &snew->next;
-
-      /* The following is non-cosmetic.  We try to put the output
-	 statements in some sort of reasonable order here, because
-	 they determine the final load addresses of the orphan
-	 sections.  In addition, placing output statements in the
-	 wrong order may require extra segments.  For instance,
-	 given a typical situation of all read-only sections placed
-	 in one segment and following that a segment containing all
-	 the read-write sections, we wouldn't want to place an orphan
-	 read/write section before or amongst the read-only ones.  */
-      if (add.head != NULL)
-	{
-	  lang_statement_union_type *newly_added_os;
-
-	  if (place->stmt == NULL)
-	    {
-	      /* Put the new statement list right at the head.  */
-	      *add.tail = place->os->header.next;
-	      place->os->header.next = add.head;
-
-	      place->os_tail = &place->os->next;
-	    }
-	  else
-	    {
-	      /* Put it after the last orphan statement we added.  */
-	      *add.tail = *place->stmt;
-	      *place->stmt = add.head;
-	    }
-
-	  /* Fix the global list pointer if we happened to tack our
-	     new list at the tail.  */
-	  if (*old->tail == add.head)
-	    old->tail = add.tail;
-
-	  /* Save the end of this list.  */
-	  place->stmt = add.tail;
-
-	  /* Do the same for the list of output section statements.  */
-	  newly_added_os = *os_tail;
-	  *os_tail = NULL;
-	  newly_added_os->output_section_statement.next = *place->os_tail;
-	  *place->os_tail = newly_added_os;
-	  place->os_tail = &newly_added_os->output_section_statement.next;
-
-	  /* Fixing the global list pointer here is a little different.
-	     We added to the list in lang_enter_output_section_statement,
-	     trimmed off the new output_section_statment above when
-	     assigning *os_tail = NULL, but possibly added it back in
-	     the same place when assigning *place->os_tail.  */
-	  if (*os_tail == NULL)
-	    lang_output_section_statement.tail = os_tail;
-	}
-    }
+  lang_insert_orphan (file, s, secname, after, place, NULL, NULL);
 
   return TRUE;
 }
@@ -1603,49 +1444,49 @@ cat >>e${EMULATION_NAME}.c <<EOF
   if (link_info.relocatable && config.build_constructors)
     return
 EOF
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xu                 >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-echo '  ; else if (link_info.relocatable) return'     >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xr                 >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-echo '  ; else if (!config.text_read_only) return'     >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xbn                >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xu			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+echo '  ; else if (link_info.relocatable) return'	>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xr			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+echo '  ; else if (!config.text_read_only) return'	>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xbn			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 if cmp -s ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.x ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xn; then : ; else
-echo '  ; else if (!config.magic_demand_paged) return' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xn                 >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+echo '  ; else if (!config.magic_demand_paged) return'	>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xn			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 fi
 if test -n "$GENERATE_PIE_SCRIPT" ; then
 if test -n "$GENERATE_COMBRELOC_SCRIPT" ; then
 echo '  ; else if (link_info.pie && link_info.combreloc' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 echo '             && link_info.relro' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 echo '             && (link_info.flags & DT_BIND_NOW)) return' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xdw                >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xdw			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 echo '  ; else if (link_info.pie && link_info.combreloc) return' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xdc                >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xdc			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 fi
-echo '  ; else if (link_info.pie) return'	       >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xd                 >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+echo '  ; else if (link_info.pie) return'		>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xd			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 fi
 if test -n "$GENERATE_SHLIB_SCRIPT" ; then
 if test -n "$GENERATE_COMBRELOC_SCRIPT" ; then
 echo '  ; else if (link_info.shared && link_info.combreloc' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 echo '             && link_info.relro' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 echo '             && (link_info.flags & DT_BIND_NOW)) return' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xsw                >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xsw			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 echo '  ; else if (link_info.shared && link_info.combreloc) return' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xsc                >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xsc			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 fi
-echo '  ; else if (link_info.shared) return'	       >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xs                 >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+echo '  ; else if (link_info.shared) return'		>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xs			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 fi
 if test -n "$GENERATE_COMBRELOC_SCRIPT" ; then
 echo '  ; else if (link_info.combreloc && link_info.relro' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 echo '             && (link_info.flags & DT_BIND_NOW)) return' >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xw                 >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-echo '  ; else if (link_info.combreloc) return'        >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xc                 >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xw			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+echo '  ; else if (link_info.combreloc) return'		>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xc			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 fi
-echo '  ; else return'                                 >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.x                  >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
-echo '; }'                                             >> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+echo '  ; else return'					>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+sed $sc ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.x			>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
+echo '; }'						>> e${EMULATION_NAME}.c
 
 else
 # Scripts read from the filesystem.
diff --git a/ld/emultempl/mmo.em b/ld/emultempl/mmo.em
index d6d30e6..cbe5108 100644
--- a/ld/emultempl/mmo.em
+++ b/ld/emultempl/mmo.em
@@ -32,47 +32,6 @@ EOF
 
 cat >>e${EMULATION_NAME}.c <<EOF
 
-/* Find the last output section before given output statement.
-   Used by place_orphan.  */
-
-static asection *
-output_prev_sec_find (lang_output_section_statement_type *os)
-{
-  asection *s = NULL;
-  lang_statement_union_type *u;
-  lang_output_section_statement_type *lookup;
-
-  for (u = lang_output_section_statement.head;
-       u != (lang_statement_union_type *) NULL;
-       u = lookup->next)
-    {
-      lookup = &u->output_section_statement;
-      if (lookup->constraint == -1)
-	continue;
-      if (lookup == os)
-	break;
-      if (lookup->bfd_section != NULL
-	  && lookup->bfd_section != bfd_abs_section_ptr
-	  && lookup->bfd_section != bfd_com_section_ptr
-	  && lookup->bfd_section != bfd_und_section_ptr)
-	s = lookup->bfd_section;
-    }
-
-  if (u == NULL)
-    return NULL;
-
-  return s;
-}
-
-struct orphan_save {
-  lang_output_section_statement_type *os;
-  asection **section;
-  lang_statement_union_type **stmt;
-};
-
-#define HAVE_SECTION(hold, name) \
-(hold.os != NULL || (hold.os = lang_output_section_find (name)) != NULL)
-
 /* Place an orphan section.  We use this to put random SEC_CODE or
    SEC_READONLY sections right after MMO_TEXT_SECTION_NAME.  Much borrowed
    from elf32.em.  */
@@ -80,21 +39,25 @@ struct orphan_save {
 static bfd_boolean
 mmo_place_orphan (lang_input_statement_type *file, asection *s)
 {
-  static struct orphan_save hold_text;
+  static struct orphan_save hold_text =
+    {
+      MMO_TEXT_SECTION_NAME,
+      SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_CODE,
+      0, 0, 0, 0
+    };
   struct orphan_save *place;
+  const char *secname;
+  lang_output_section_statement_type *after;
   lang_output_section_statement_type *os;
-  lang_statement_list_type *old;
-  lang_statement_list_type add;
-  asection *snew, **pps, *bfd_section;
 
   /* We have nothing to say for anything other than a final link.  */
   if (link_info.relocatable
-      || (bfd_get_section_flags (s->owner, s)
-	  & (SEC_EXCLUDE | SEC_LOAD)) != SEC_LOAD)
+      || (s->flags & (SEC_EXCLUDE | SEC_LOAD)) != SEC_LOAD)
     return FALSE;
 
   /* Only care for sections we're going to load.  */
-  os = lang_output_section_find (bfd_get_section_name (s->owner, s));
+  secname = s->name;
+  os = lang_output_section_find (secname);
 
   /* We have an output section by this name.  Place the section inside it
      (regardless of whether the linker script lists it as input).  */
@@ -106,108 +69,28 @@ mmo_place_orphan (lang_input_statement_type *file, asection *s)
 
   /* If this section does not have .text-type section flags or there's no
      MMO_TEXT_SECTION_NAME, we don't have anything to say.  */
-  if ((bfd_get_section_flags (s->owner, s) & (SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY)) == 0)
+  if ((s->flags & (SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY)) == 0)
     return FALSE;
 
   if (hold_text.os == NULL)
-    hold_text.os = lang_output_section_find (MMO_TEXT_SECTION_NAME);
+    hold_text.os = lang_output_section_find (hold_text.name);
 
   place = &hold_text;
+  if (hold_text.os != NULL)
+    after = hold_text.os;
+  else
+    after = &lang_output_section_statement.head->output_section_statement;
 
   /* If there's an output section by this name, we'll use it, regardless
      of section flags, in contrast to what's done in elf32.em.  */
-
-  /* Start building a list of statements for this section.
-     First save the current statement pointer.  */
-  old = stat_ptr;
-
-  /* Add the output section statements for this orphan to our own private
-     list, inserting them later into the global statement list.  */
-  stat_ptr = &add;
-  lang_list_init (stat_ptr);
-
-  os = lang_enter_output_section_statement (bfd_get_section_name (s->owner,
-								  s),
-					    NULL, 0,
-					    (etree_type *) NULL,
-					    (etree_type *) NULL,
-					    (etree_type *) NULL, 0);
-
-  lang_add_section (&os->children, s, os, file);
-
-  lang_leave_output_section_statement
-    ((bfd_vma) 0, "*default*",
-     (struct lang_output_section_phdr_list *) NULL, NULL);
-
-  /* Restore the global list pointer.  */
-  stat_ptr = old;
-
-  snew = os->bfd_section;
-  if (snew == NULL)
-    /* /DISCARD/ section.  */
-    return TRUE;
+  os = lang_insert_orphan (file, s, secname, after, place, NULL, NULL);
 
   /* We need an output section for .text as a root, so if there was none
      (might happen with a peculiar linker script such as in "map
      addresses", map-address.exp), we grab the output section created
      above.  */
   if (hold_text.os == NULL)
-    {
-      if (os == NULL)
-	return FALSE;
-      hold_text.os = os;
-    }
-
-  bfd_section = place->os->bfd_section;
-  if (place->section == NULL && bfd_section == NULL)
-    bfd_section = output_prev_sec_find (place->os);
-
-  if (place->section != NULL
-      || (bfd_section != NULL
-	  && bfd_section != snew))
-    {
-      /* Shuffle the section to make the output file look neater.  This is
-	 really only cosmetic.  */
-      if (place->section == NULL)
-	/* Put orphans after the first section on the list.  */
-	place->section = &bfd_section->next;
-
-      /* Unlink the section.  */
-      for (pps = &output_bfd->sections; *pps != snew; pps = &(*pps)->next)
-	;
-      bfd_section_list_remove (output_bfd, pps);
-
-      /* Now tack it on to the "place->os" section list.  */
-      bfd_section_list_insert (output_bfd, place->section, snew);
-    }
-  place->section = &snew->next;	/* Save the end of this list.  */
-
-  if (add.head != NULL)
-    {
-      /* We try to put the output statements in some sort of reasonable
-	 order here, because they determine the final load addresses of
-	 the orphan sections.  */
-      if (place->stmt == NULL)
-	{
-	  /* Put the new statement list right at the head.  */
-	  *add.tail = place->os->header.next;
-	  place->os->header.next = add.head;
-	}
-      else
-	{
-	  /* Put it after the last orphan statement we added.  */
-	  *add.tail = *place->stmt;
-	  *place->stmt = add.head;
-	}
-
-      /* Fix the global list pointer if we happened to tack our new list
-	 at the tail.  */
-      if (*old->tail == add.head)
-	old->tail = add.tail;
-
-      /* Save the end of this list.  */
-      place->stmt = add.tail;
-    }
+    hold_text.os = os;
 
   return TRUE;
 }
diff --git a/ld/emultempl/pe.em b/ld/emultempl/pe.em
index 7f67450..8e52b7b 100644
--- a/ld/emultempl/pe.em
+++ b/ld/emultempl/pe.em
@@ -1485,33 +1485,6 @@ gld_${EMULATION_NAME}_finish (void)
 }
 
 
-/* Find the last output section before given output statement.
-   Used by place_orphan.  */
-
-static asection *
-output_prev_sec_find (lang_output_section_statement_type *os)
-{
-  asection *s = (asection *) NULL;
-  lang_statement_union_type *u;
-  lang_output_section_statement_type *lookup;
-
-  for (u = lang_output_section_statement.head;
-       u != (lang_statement_union_type *) NULL;
-       u = lookup->next)
-    {
-      lookup = &u->output_section_statement;
-      if (lookup->constraint == -1)
-	continue;
-      if (lookup == os)
-	return s;
-
-      if (lookup->bfd_section != NULL && lookup->bfd_section->owner != NULL)
-	s = lookup->bfd_section;
-    }
-
-  return NULL;
-}
-
 /* Place an orphan section.
 
    We use this to put sections in a reasonable place in the file, and
@@ -1525,280 +1498,132 @@ output_prev_sec_find (lang_output_section_statement_type *os)
    default linker script using wildcards, and are sorted by
    sort_sections.  */
 
-struct orphan_save
-{
-  lang_output_section_statement_type *os;
-  asection **section;
-  lang_statement_union_type **stmt;
-  lang_statement_union_type **os_tail;
-};
-
 static bfd_boolean
 gld_${EMULATION_NAME}_place_orphan (lang_input_statement_type *file, asection *s)
 {
   const char *secname;
-  char *hold_section_name;
+  const char *orig_secname;
   char *dollar = NULL;
-  const char *ps = NULL;
   lang_output_section_statement_type *os;
   lang_statement_list_type add_child;
 
   secname = bfd_get_section_name (s->owner, s);
 
   /* Look through the script to see where to place this section.  */
-  hold_section_name = xstrdup (secname);
-  if (!link_info.relocatable)
+  orig_secname = secname;
+  if (!link_info.relocatable
+      && (dollar = strchr (secname, '$')) != NULL)
     {
-      dollar = strchr (hold_section_name, '$');
-      if (dollar != NULL)
-	*dollar = '\0';
+      size_t len = dollar - orig_secname;
+      char *newname = xmalloc (len + 1);
+      memcpy (newname, orig_secname, len);
+      newname[len] = '\0';
+      secname = newname;
     }
 
-  os = lang_output_section_find (hold_section_name);
+  os = lang_output_section_find (secname);
 
   lang_list_init (&add_child);
 
   if (os != NULL
       && (os->bfd_section == NULL
+	  || os->bfd_section->flags == 0
 	  || ((s->flags ^ os->bfd_section->flags)
 	      & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC)) == 0))
     {
       /* We already have an output section statement with this
-	 name, and its bfd section, if any, has compatible flags.  */
+	 name, and its bfd section, if any, has compatible flags.
+	 If the section already exists but does not have any flags set,
+	 then it has been created by the linker, probably as a result of
+	 a --section-start command line switch.  */
       lang_add_section (&add_child, s, os, file);
     }
   else
     {
+      static struct orphan_save hold[] =
+	{
+	  { ".text",
+	    SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_CODE,
+	    0, 0, 0, 0 },
+	  { ".rdata",
+	    SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_DATA,
+	    0, 0, 0, 0 },
+	  { ".data",
+	    SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_DATA,
+	    0, 0, 0, 0 },
+	  { ".bss",
+	    SEC_ALLOC,
+	    0, 0, 0, 0 }
+	};
+      enum orphan_save_index
+	{
+	  orphan_text = 0,
+	  orphan_rodata,
+	  orphan_data,
+	  orphan_bss
+	};
+      static int orphan_init_done = 0;
       struct orphan_save *place;
-      static struct orphan_save hold_text;
-      static struct orphan_save hold_rdata;
-      static struct orphan_save hold_data;
-      static struct orphan_save hold_bss;
-      static int count = 1;
-      char *outsecname;
-      lang_statement_list_type *old;
-      lang_statement_list_type add;
-      lang_statement_union_type **os_tail;
+      lang_output_section_statement_type *after;
       etree_type *address;
-      etree_type *load_base;
-      asection *sec;
+
+      if (!orphan_init_done)
+	{
+	  struct orphan_save *ho;
+	  for (ho = hold; ho < hold + sizeof (hold) / sizeof (hold[0]); ++ho)
+	    if (ho->name != NULL)
+	      {
+		ho->os = lang_output_section_find (ho->name);
+		if (ho->os != NULL && ho->os->flags == 0)
+		  ho->os->flags = ho->flags;
+	      }
+	  orphan_init_done = 1;
+	}
 
       /* Try to put the new output section in a reasonable place based
 	 on the section name and section flags.  */
-#define HAVE_SECTION(hold, name) \
-(hold.os != NULL || (hold.os = lang_output_section_find (name)) != NULL)
 
       place = NULL;
       if ((s->flags & SEC_ALLOC) == 0)
 	;
-      else if ((s->flags & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS) == 0
-	       && HAVE_SECTION (hold_bss, ".bss"))
-	place = &hold_bss;
-      else if ((s->flags & SEC_READONLY) == 0
-	       && HAVE_SECTION (hold_data, ".data"))
-	place = &hold_data;
-      else if ((s->flags & SEC_CODE) == 0
-	       && (s->flags & SEC_READONLY) != 0
-	       && HAVE_SECTION (hold_rdata, ".rdata"))
-	place = &hold_rdata;
-      else if ((s->flags & SEC_CODE) != 0
-	       && (s->flags & SEC_READONLY) != 0
-	       && HAVE_SECTION (hold_text, ".text"))
-	place = &hold_text;
-
-#undef HAVE_SECTION
-
-      /* Choose a unique name for the section.  This will be needed if the
-	 same section name appears in the input file with different
-	 loadable or allocatable characteristics.  But if the section
-	 already exists but does not have any flags set, then it has been
-	 created by the linker, probably as a result of a --section-start
-	 command line switch.  */
-      sec = bfd_get_section_by_name (output_bfd, hold_section_name);
-      if (sec != NULL
-	  && bfd_get_section_flags (output_bfd, sec) != 0)
-	{
-	  outsecname = bfd_get_unique_section_name (output_bfd,
-						    hold_section_name, &count);
-	  if (outsecname == NULL)
-	    einfo ("%F%P: place_orphan failed: %E\n");
-	}
+      else if ((s->flags & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS)) == 0)
+	place = &hold[orphan_bss];
+      else if ((s->flags & SEC_READONLY) == 0)
+	place = &hold[orphan_data];
+      else if ((s->flags & SEC_CODE) == 0)
+	place = &hold[orphan_rodata];
       else
-	outsecname = xstrdup (hold_section_name);
-
-      /* Start building a list of statements for this section.  */
-      old = stat_ptr;
+	place = &hold[orphan_text];
 
-      /* If we have found an appropriate place for the output section
-	 statements for this orphan, add them to our own private list,
-	 inserting them later into the global statement list.  */
+      after = NULL;
       if (place != NULL)
 	{
-	  stat_ptr = &add;
-	  lang_list_init (stat_ptr);
-	}
-
-      if (config.build_constructors)
-	{
-	  /* If the name of the section is representable in C, then create
-	     symbols to mark the start and the end of the section.  */
-	  for (ps = outsecname; *ps != '\0'; ps++)
-	    if (! ISALNUM ((unsigned char) *ps) && *ps != '_')
-	      break;
-	  if (*ps == '\0')
-	    {
-	      char *symname;
-	      etree_type *e_align;
-
-	      symname = (char *) xmalloc (ps - outsecname + sizeof "___start_");
-	      sprintf (symname, "___start_%s", outsecname);
-	      e_align = exp_unop (ALIGN_K,
-				  exp_intop ((bfd_vma) 1 << s->alignment_power));
-	      lang_add_assignment (exp_assop ('=', symname, e_align));
-	    }
-	}
-
-      if (link_info.relocatable || (s->flags & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC)) == 0)
-	address = exp_intop ((bfd_vma) 0);
-      else
-	{
-	  /* All sections in an executable must be aligned to a page
-	     boundary.  */
-	  address = exp_unop (ALIGN_K,
-			      exp_nameop (NAME, "__section_alignment__"));
+	  if (place->os == NULL)
+	    place->os = lang_output_section_find (place->name);
+	  after = place->os;
+	  if (after == NULL)
+	    after = lang_output_section_find_by_flags (s, &place->os);
+	  if (after == NULL)
+	    /* *ABS* is always the first output section statement.  */
+	    after = (&lang_output_section_statement.head
+		     ->output_section_statement);
 	}
 
-      load_base = NULL;
-      if (place != NULL && place->os->load_base != NULL)
-	{
-	  etree_type *lma_from_vma;
-	  lma_from_vma = exp_binop ('-', place->os->load_base,
-				    exp_nameop (ADDR, place->os->name));
-	  load_base = exp_binop ('+', lma_from_vma,
-				 exp_nameop (ADDR, secname));
-	}
-
-      os_tail = lang_output_section_statement.tail;
-      os = lang_enter_output_section_statement (outsecname, address, 0,
-						(etree_type *) NULL,
-						(etree_type *) NULL,
-						load_base, 0);
-
-      lang_add_section (&add_child, s, os, file);
-
-      lang_leave_output_section_statement
-	((bfd_vma) 0, "*default*",
-	 (struct lang_output_section_phdr_list *) NULL, NULL);
-
-      if (config.build_constructors && *ps == '\0')
+      /* Choose a unique name for the section.  This will be needed if the
+	 same section name appears in the input file with different
+	 loadable or allocatable characteristics.  */
+      if (bfd_get_section_by_name (output_bfd, secname) != NULL)
 	{
-	  char *symname;
-
-	  /* lang_leave_ouput_section_statement resets stat_ptr.
-	     Put stat_ptr back where we want it.  */
-	  if (place != NULL)
-	    stat_ptr = &add;
-
-	  symname = (char *) xmalloc (ps - outsecname + sizeof "___stop_");
-	  sprintf (symname, "___stop_%s", outsecname);
-	  lang_add_assignment (exp_assop ('=', symname,
-					  exp_nameop (NAME, ".")));
+	  static int count = 1;
+	  secname = bfd_get_unique_section_name (output_bfd, secname, &count);
+	  if (secname == NULL)
+	    einfo ("%F%P: place_orphan failed: %E\n");
 	}
 
-      stat_ptr = old;
-
-      if (place != NULL && os->bfd_section != NULL)
-	{
-	  asection *snew, **pps;
-
-	  snew = os->bfd_section;
-
-	  /* Shuffle the bfd section list to make the output file look
-	     neater.  This is really only cosmetic.  */
-	  if (place->section == NULL)
-	    {
-	      asection *bfd_section = place->os->bfd_section;
-
-	      /* If the output statement hasn't been used to place
-		 any input sections (and thus doesn't have an output
-		 bfd_section), look for the closest prior output statement
-		 having an output section.  */
-	      if (bfd_section == NULL)
-		bfd_section = output_prev_sec_find (place->os);
-
-	      if (bfd_section != NULL && bfd_section != snew)
-		place->section = &bfd_section->next;
-	    }
-
-	  if (place->section != NULL)
-	    {
-	      /* Unlink the section.  */
-	      for (pps = &output_bfd->sections;
-		   *pps != snew;
-		   pps = &(*pps)->next)
-		;
-	      bfd_section_list_remove (output_bfd, pps);
-
-	      /* Now tack it on to the "place->os" section list.  */
-	      bfd_section_list_insert (output_bfd, place->section, snew);
-	    }
-
-	  /* Save the end of this list.  Further ophans of this type will
-	     follow the one we've just added.  */
-	  place->section = &snew->next;
-
-	  /* The following is non-cosmetic.  We try to put the output
-	     statements in some sort of reasonable order here, because
-	     they determine the final load addresses of the orphan
-	     sections.  In addition, placing output statements in the
-	     wrong order may require extra segments.  For instance,
-	     given a typical situation of all read-only sections placed
-	     in one segment and following that a segment containing all
-	     the read-write sections, we wouldn't want to place an orphan
-	     read/write section before or amongst the read-only ones.  */
-	  if (add.head != NULL)
-	    {
-	      lang_statement_union_type *newly_added_os;
-
-	      if (place->stmt == NULL)
-		{
-		  /* Put the new statement list right at the head.  */
-		  *add.tail = place->os->header.next;
-		  place->os->header.next = add.head;
-
-		  place->os_tail = &place->os->next;
-		}
-	      else
-		{
-		  /* Put it after the last orphan statement we added.  */
-		  *add.tail = *place->stmt;
-		  *place->stmt = add.head;
-		}
-
-	      /* Fix the global list pointer if we happened to tack our
-		 new list at the tail.  */
-	      if (*old->tail == add.head)
-		old->tail = add.tail;
-
-	      /* Save the end of this list.  */
-	      place->stmt = add.tail;
-
-	      /* Do the same for the list of output section statements.  */
-	      newly_added_os = *os_tail;
-	      *os_tail = NULL;
-	      newly_added_os->output_section_statement.next = *place->os_tail;
-	      *place->os_tail = newly_added_os;
-	      place->os_tail = &newly_added_os->output_section_statement.next;
-
-	      /* Fixing the global list pointer here is a little different.
-		 We added to the list in lang_enter_output_section_statement,
-		 trimmed off the new output_section_statment above when
-		 assigning *os_tail = NULL, but possibly added it back in
-		 the same place when assigning *place->os_tail.  */
-	      if (*os_tail == NULL)
-		lang_output_section_statement.tail = os_tail;
-	    }
-	}
+      /* All sections in an executable must be aligned to a page boundary.  */
+      address = exp_unop (ALIGN_K, exp_nameop (NAME, "__section_alignment__"));
+      os = lang_insert_orphan (file, s, secname, after, place, address,
+			       &add_child);
     }
 
   {
@@ -1830,7 +1655,7 @@ gld_${EMULATION_NAME}_place_orphan (lang_input_statement_type *file, asection *s
 	    else
 	      {
 		found_dollar = TRUE;
-		if (strcmp (secname, lname) < 0)
+		if (strcmp (orig_secname, lname) < 0)
 		  break;
 	      }
 	  }
@@ -1843,8 +1668,6 @@ gld_${EMULATION_NAME}_place_orphan (lang_input_statement_type *file, asection *s
       }
   }
 
-  free (hold_section_name);
-
   return TRUE;
 }