aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/gdb
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorFred Fish <fnf@specifix.com>1996-07-26 04:12:12 +0000
committerFred Fish <fnf@specifix.com>1996-07-26 04:12:12 +0000
commited393c169bc7fc344b3574f26d4529e70ec5e081 (patch)
tree988d7cf9e016b6de33a082e72fb5aecb6a60212c /gdb
parentb607efe7149f91512dc5fd9dbfc4c6156cdf9a93 (diff)
downloadgdb-ed393c169bc7fc344b3574f26d4529e70ec5e081.zip
gdb-ed393c169bc7fc344b3574f26d4529e70ec5e081.tar.gz
gdb-ed393c169bc7fc344b3574f26d4529e70ec5e081.tar.bz2
See the huge ChangeLog entry that has the header:
Thu Jul 25 19:41:31 1996 Fred Fish <fnf@cygnus.com> for details about these changes. I was going to include the complete entry in the checkin message but it was apparently so large it caused cvs to dump core.
Diffstat (limited to 'gdb')
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/alpha/tm-alpha.h114
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/alpha/tm-alphalinux.h2
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/arc/tm-arc.h2
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/i386/xm-i386bsd.h3
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/i386/xm-i386m3.h5
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/i386/xm-i386mach.h5
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/m68k/tm-m68k.h2
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/m68k/xm-hp300bsd.h3
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/m68k/xm-news.h4
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/ns32k/xm-ns32km3.h5
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/pa/xm-hppab.h5
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/pa/xm-hppah.h5
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/sparc/tm-sparc.h15
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/tm-sysv4.h1
-rw-r--r--gdb/config/xm-lynx.h4
-rw-r--r--gdb/doc/ChangeLog5
-rw-r--r--gdb/doc/gdbint.texinfo2
17 files changed, 110 insertions, 72 deletions
diff --git a/gdb/config/alpha/tm-alpha.h b/gdb/config/alpha/tm-alpha.h
index d00bca9..7cb21a4 100644
--- a/gdb/config/alpha/tm-alpha.h
+++ b/gdb/config/alpha/tm-alpha.h
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-/* Definitions to make GDB run on an Alpha box under OSF1.
- Copyright 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Definitions to make GDB run on an Alpha box under OSF1. This is
+ also used by the Alpha/Netware and Alpha/Linux targets.
+ Copyright 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GDB.
@@ -15,7 +16,10 @@ GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
+Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
+
+#ifndef TM_ALPHA_H
+#define TM_ALPHA_H
#include "bfd.h"
#include "coff/sym.h" /* Needed for PDR below. */
@@ -77,21 +81,20 @@ alpha_saved_pc_after_call PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
This is often the number of bytes in BREAKPOINT
but not always. */
+#ifndef DECR_PC_AFTER_BREAK
#define DECR_PC_AFTER_BREAK 4
+#endif
/* Nonzero if instruction at PC is a return instruction.
"ret $zero,($ra),1" on alpha. */
#define ABOUT_TO_RETURN(pc) (read_memory_integer (pc, 4) == 0x6bfa8001)
-/* Return 1 if P points to an invalid floating point value. */
-
-#define INVALID_FLOAT(p,l) 0
-
-/* Say how long (all) registers are.
- This is unused for the alpha, but the define is necessary. */
+/* Say how long (ordinary) registers are. This is a piece of bogosity
+ used in push_word and a few other places; REGISTER_RAW_SIZE is the
+ real way to know how big a register is. */
-#define REGISTER_TYPE long
+#define REGISTER_SIZE 8
/* Number of machine registers */
@@ -120,8 +123,10 @@ alpha_saved_pc_after_call PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
but serves to get the desired value when passed to read_register. */
#define V0_REGNUM 0 /* Function integer return value */
+#define T7_REGNUM 8 /* Return address register for OSF/1 __add* */
#define GCC_FP_REGNUM 15 /* Used by gcc as frame register */
#define A0_REGNUM 16 /* Loc of first arg during a subr call */
+#define T9_REGNUM 23 /* Return address register for OSF/1 __div* */
#define T12_REGNUM 27 /* Contains start addr of current proc */
#define SP_REGNUM 30 /* Contains address of top of stack */
#define RA_REGNUM 26 /* Contains return address value */
@@ -244,9 +249,8 @@ alpha_store_return_value PARAMS ((struct type *, char *));
/* FRAME_CHAIN takes a frame's nominal address
and produces the frame's chain-pointer. */
-#define FRAME_CHAIN(thisframe) (FRAME_ADDR)alpha_frame_chain(thisframe)
-extern CORE_ADDR
-alpha_frame_chain PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
+#define FRAME_CHAIN(thisframe) (CORE_ADDR) alpha_frame_chain (thisframe)
+extern CORE_ADDR alpha_frame_chain PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
/* Define other aspects of the stack frame. */
@@ -298,9 +302,15 @@ alpha_frame_saved_pc PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
ways in the stack frame. sp is even more special:
the address we return for it IS the sp for the next frame. */
-#define FRAME_FIND_SAVED_REGS(fi, frame_saved_regs) ( \
- (frame_saved_regs) = *(fi)->saved_regs, \
- (frame_saved_regs).regs[SP_REGNUM] = (fi)->frame)
+extern void alpha_find_saved_regs PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
+
+#define FRAME_FIND_SAVED_REGS(frame_info, frame_saved_regs) \
+ do { \
+ if ((frame_info)->saved_regs == NULL) \
+ alpha_find_saved_regs (frame_info); \
+ (frame_saved_regs) = *(frame_info)->saved_regs; \
+ (frame_saved_regs).regs[SP_REGNUM] = (frame_info)->frame; \
+ } while (0)
/* Things needed for making the inferior call functions. */
@@ -332,18 +342,21 @@ alpha_pop_frame PARAMS ((void));
#define CALL_DUMMY_LOCATION AT_ENTRY_POINT
-/* We need a fake CALL_DUMMY definition to enable the proper
+/* On the Alpha the call dummy code is never copied to user space,
+ stopping the user call is achieved via a bp_call_dummy breakpoint.
+ But we need a fake CALL_DUMMY definition to enable the proper
call_function_by_hand and to avoid zero length array warnings
in valops.c */
-
-#define CALL_DUMMY {\
- 0x80, /* call_pal bpt */ \
-}
+
+#define CALL_DUMMY { 0 } /* Content doesn't matter. */
#define CALL_DUMMY_START_OFFSET (0)
#define CALL_DUMMY_BREAKPOINT_OFFSET (0)
+extern CORE_ADDR alpha_call_dummy_address PARAMS ((void));
+#define CALL_DUMMY_ADDRESS() alpha_call_dummy_address()
+
/* Insert the specified number of args and function address
into a call sequence of the above form stored at DUMMYNAME.
We only have to set RA_REGNUM to the dummy breakpoint address
@@ -351,7 +364,7 @@ alpha_pop_frame PARAMS ((void));
#define FIX_CALL_DUMMY(dummyname, pc, fun, nargs, args, type, gcc_p) \
{ \
- CORE_ADDR bp_address = entry_point_address (); \
+ CORE_ADDR bp_address = CALL_DUMMY_ADDRESS (); \
if (bp_address == 0) \
error ("no place to put call"); \
write_register (RA_REGNUM, bp_address); \
@@ -390,6 +403,7 @@ typedef struct alpha_extra_func_info {
#define EXTRA_FRAME_INFO \
int localoff; \
+ int pc_reg; \
alpha_extra_func_info_t proc_desc; \
struct frame_saved_regs *saved_regs;
@@ -416,6 +430,58 @@ init_extra_frame_info PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
multiple functions with the same SP that are at different stack levels. */
#define SETUP_ARBITRARY_FRAME(argc, argv) setup_arbitrary_frame (argc, argv)
-/* FIXME: Depends on equivalence between FRAME and "struct frame_info *",
- and equivalence between CORE_ADDR and FRAME_ADDR. */
extern struct frame_info *setup_arbitrary_frame PARAMS ((int, CORE_ADDR *));
+
+/* This is used by heuristic_proc_start. It should be shot it the head. */
+#ifndef VM_MIN_ADDRESS
+#define VM_MIN_ADDRESS (CORE_ADDR)0x120000000
+#endif
+
+/* If PC is in a shared library trampoline code, return the PC
+ where the function itself actually starts. If not, return 0. */
+#define SKIP_TRAMPOLINE_CODE(pc) find_solib_trampoline_target (pc)
+
+/* If the current gcc for for this target does not produce correct debugging
+ information for float parameters, both prototyped and unprototyped, then
+ define this macro. This forces gdb to always assume that floats are
+ passed as doubles and then converted in the callee.
+
+ For the alpha, it appears that the debug info marks the parameters as
+ floats regardless of whether the function is prototyped, but the actual
+ values are always passed in as doubles. Thus by setting this to 1, both
+ types of calls will work. */
+
+#define COERCE_FLOAT_TO_DOUBLE 1
+
+/* Return TRUE if procedure descriptor PROC is a procedure descriptor
+ that refers to a dynamically generated sigtramp function.
+
+ OSF/1 doesn't use dynamic sigtramp functions, so this is always
+ FALSE. */
+
+#define PROC_DESC_IS_DYN_SIGTRAMP(proc) (0)
+#define SET_PROC_DESC_IS_DYN_SIGTRAMP(proc)
+
+/* If PC is inside a dynamically generated sigtramp function, return
+ how many bytes the program counter is beyond the start of that
+ function. Otherwise, return a negative value.
+
+ OSF/1 doesn't use dynamic sigtramp functions, so this always
+ returns -1. */
+
+#define DYNAMIC_SIGTRAMP_OFFSET(pc) (-1)
+
+/* Translate a signal handler frame into the address of the sigcontext
+ structure. */
+
+#define SIGCONTEXT_ADDR(frame) \
+ (read_memory_integer ((frame)->next ? frame->next->frame : frame->frame, 8))
+
+/* If FRAME refers to a sigtramp frame, return the address of the next
+ frame. */
+
+#define FRAME_PAST_SIGTRAMP_FRAME(frame, pc) \
+ (alpha_osf_skip_sigtramp_frame (frame, pc))
+extern CORE_ADDR alpha_osf_skip_sigtramp_frame PARAMS ((struct frame_info *, CORE_ADDR));
+
+#endif /* TM_ALPHA_H */
diff --git a/gdb/config/alpha/tm-alphalinux.h b/gdb/config/alpha/tm-alphalinux.h
index 03b4991..f088d51 100644
--- a/gdb/config/alpha/tm-alphalinux.h
+++ b/gdb/config/alpha/tm-alphalinux.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
/* Are we currently handling a signal ? */
-extern long alpha_linux_sigtramp_offset ();
+extern long alpha_linux_sigtramp_offset PARAMS ((CORE_ADDR);
#undef IN_SIGTRAMP
#define IN_SIGTRAMP(pc, name) (alpha_linux_sigtramp_offset (pc) >= 0)
diff --git a/gdb/config/arc/tm-arc.h b/gdb/config/arc/tm-arc.h
index 5dc4aba..c6cfb71 100644
--- a/gdb/config/arc/tm-arc.h
+++ b/gdb/config/arc/tm-arc.h
@@ -60,8 +60,6 @@ extern CORE_ADDR skip_prologue PARAMS ((CORE_ADDR, int));
/* We don't have a reliable single step facility.
??? We do have a cycle single step facility, but that won't work. */
#define NO_SINGLE_STEP
-extern int one_stepped;
-extern void single_step PARAMS ((int));
/* Given a pc value as defined by the hardware, return the real address.
Remember that on the ARC blink contains that status register which
diff --git a/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386bsd.h b/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386bsd.h
index 8a852a2..e5c4c89 100644
--- a/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386bsd.h
+++ b/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386bsd.h
@@ -19,5 +19,4 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
#define HOST_BYTE_ORDER LITTLE_ENDIAN
-#include <machine/limits.h> /* for INT_MIN, to avoid "INT_MIN
- redefined" warnings from defs.h */
+#include <machine/limits.h> /* for INT_MIN */
diff --git a/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386m3.h b/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386m3.h
index 615c80b..b667409 100644
--- a/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386m3.h
+++ b/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386m3.h
@@ -19,11 +19,6 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
#define HOST_BYTE_ORDER LITTLE_ENDIAN
-/* Avoid "INT_MIN redefined" warnings -- by defining it here, exactly
- the same as in the system <machine/machtypes.h> file. */
-#undef INT_MIN
-#define INT_MIN 0x80000000
-
/* Do implement the attach and detach commands. */
#define ATTACH_DETACH 1
diff --git a/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386mach.h b/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386mach.h
index c50da67..eb47bfb 100644
--- a/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386mach.h
+++ b/gdb/config/i386/xm-i386mach.h
@@ -19,11 +19,6 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
#define HOST_BYTE_ORDER LITTLE_ENDIAN
-/* Avoid "INT_MIN redefined" warnings -- by defining it here, exactly
- the same as in the system <machine/machtypes.h> file. */
-#undef INT_MIN
-#define INT_MIN 0x80000000
-
/* This is the amount to subtract from u.u_ar0
to get the offset in the core file of the register values. */
diff --git a/gdb/config/m68k/tm-m68k.h b/gdb/config/m68k/tm-m68k.h
index 4d284b5..0c98e1d 100644
--- a/gdb/config/m68k/tm-m68k.h
+++ b/gdb/config/m68k/tm-m68k.h
@@ -44,9 +44,11 @@ extern CORE_ADDR m68k_skip_prologue PARAMS ((CORE_ADDR ip));
#ifdef __STDC__
struct frame_info;
+struct frame_saved_regs;
#endif
extern CORE_ADDR m68k_saved_pc_after_call PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
+extern void m68k_find_saved_regs PARAMS ((struct frame_info *, struct frame_saved_regs *));
#define SAVED_PC_AFTER_CALL(frame) \
m68k_saved_pc_after_call(frame)
diff --git a/gdb/config/m68k/xm-hp300bsd.h b/gdb/config/m68k/xm-hp300bsd.h
index 663717e..5e67792 100644
--- a/gdb/config/m68k/xm-hp300bsd.h
+++ b/gdb/config/m68k/xm-hp300bsd.h
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
#define HOST_BYTE_ORDER BIG_ENDIAN
-/* Avoid "INT_MIN redefined" preprocessor warnings by defining them here. */
-#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/param.h> /* For INT_MIN */
/* Kernel is a bit tenacious about sharing text segments, disallowing bpts. */
#define ONE_PROCESS_WRITETEXT
diff --git a/gdb/config/m68k/xm-news.h b/gdb/config/m68k/xm-news.h
index 8a3250c..081337b 100644
--- a/gdb/config/m68k/xm-news.h
+++ b/gdb/config/m68k/xm-news.h
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
#define HOST_BYTE_ORDER BIG_ENDIAN
-/* A News 1800 running NEWS-OS Release 4.0.1C is said to need this. */
-/* Avoid "INT_MIN redefined" preprocessor warnings by defining them here. */
-#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/param.h> /* For INT_MIN */
#define HAVE_WAIT_STRUCT
diff --git a/gdb/config/ns32k/xm-ns32km3.h b/gdb/config/ns32k/xm-ns32km3.h
index aab10a9..3d08e67 100644
--- a/gdb/config/ns32k/xm-ns32km3.h
+++ b/gdb/config/ns32k/xm-ns32km3.h
@@ -19,10 +19,5 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
#define HOST_BYTE_ORDER LITTLE_ENDIAN
-/* Avoid "INT_MIN redefined" warnings -- by defining it here, exactly
- the same as in the system <machine/machtypes.h> file. */
-#undef INT_MIN
-#define INT_MIN 0x80000000
-
/* Do implement the attach and detach commands. */
#define ATTACH_DETACH 1
diff --git a/gdb/config/pa/xm-hppab.h b/gdb/config/pa/xm-hppab.h
index a7c024b..463c1e0 100644
--- a/gdb/config/pa/xm-hppab.h
+++ b/gdb/config/pa/xm-hppab.h
@@ -26,11 +26,6 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
#include "pa/xm-pa.h"
-/* Avoid "INT_MIN redefined" warnings -- by defining it here, exactly
- the same as in the system <machine/machtypes.h> file. */
-#undef INT_MIN
-#define INT_MIN 0x80000000
-
#ifndef SEEK_SET
# define SEEK_SET 0 /* Set file pointer to "offset" */
# define SEEK_CUR 1 /* Set file pointer to current plus "offset" */
diff --git a/gdb/config/pa/xm-hppah.h b/gdb/config/pa/xm-hppah.h
index 407bf5f..2cd47dd 100644
--- a/gdb/config/pa/xm-hppah.h
+++ b/gdb/config/pa/xm-hppah.h
@@ -25,11 +25,6 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
#include "pa/xm-pa.h"
-/* Avoid "INT_MIN redefined" warnings -- by defining it here, exactly
- the same as in the system <machine/machtypes.h> file. */
-#undef INT_MIN
-#define INT_MIN 0x80000000
-
#define USG
#ifndef __STDC__
diff --git a/gdb/config/sparc/tm-sparc.h b/gdb/config/sparc/tm-sparc.h
index 444bb43..663f6d9 100644
--- a/gdb/config/sparc/tm-sparc.h
+++ b/gdb/config/sparc/tm-sparc.h
@@ -336,6 +336,10 @@ sparc_extract_struct_value_address PARAMS ((char [REGISTER_BYTES]));
have been stashed (the frame is of variable size, so their location
is not fixed), it's convenient to record them in the frame info. */
+#ifdef __STDC__
+struct frame_info;
+#endif
+
#define EXTRA_FRAME_INFO \
CORE_ADDR bottom; \
int flat; \
@@ -348,7 +352,7 @@ sparc_extract_struct_value_address PARAMS ((char [REGISTER_BYTES]));
#define INIT_EXTRA_FRAME_INFO(fromleaf, fci) \
sparc_init_extra_frame_info (fromleaf, fci)
-extern void sparc_init_extra_frame_info ();
+extern void sparc_init_extra_frame_info PARAMS((int, struct frame_info *));
#define PRINT_EXTRA_FRAME_INFO(fi) \
{ \
@@ -357,10 +361,6 @@ extern void sparc_init_extra_frame_info ();
(fi)->pc_addr, (fi)->fp_addr); \
}
-#ifdef __STDC__
-struct frame_info;
-#endif
-
#define FRAME_CHAIN(thisframe) (sparc_frame_chain (thisframe))
extern CORE_ADDR sparc_frame_chain PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ extern CORE_ADDR sparc_frame_chain PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
/* Where is the PC for a specific frame */
#define FRAME_SAVED_PC(FRAME) sparc_frame_saved_pc (FRAME)
-extern CORE_ADDR sparc_frame_saved_pc ();
+extern CORE_ADDR sparc_frame_saved_pc PARAMS ((struct frame_info *));
/* If the argument is on the stack, it will be here. */
#define FRAME_ARGS_ADDRESS(fi) ((fi)->frame)
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ extern CORE_ADDR sparc_frame_saved_pc ();
#define PUSH_DUMMY_FRAME sparc_push_dummy_frame ()
#define POP_FRAME sparc_pop_frame ()
-void sparc_push_dummy_frame (), sparc_pop_frame ();
+void sparc_push_dummy_frame PARAMS ((void)), sparc_pop_frame PARAMS ((void));
/* This sequence of words is the instructions
save %sp,-0x140,%sp
@@ -598,7 +598,6 @@ arguments. */
/* Sparc has no reliable single step ptrace call */
#define NO_SINGLE_STEP 1
-extern void single_step PARAMS ((int));
/* We need more arguments in a frame specification for the
"frame" or "info frame" command. */
diff --git a/gdb/config/tm-sysv4.h b/gdb/config/tm-sysv4.h
index 2c08541..5f7da95 100644
--- a/gdb/config/tm-sysv4.h
+++ b/gdb/config/tm-sysv4.h
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
(e.g. on Irix5). */
#define IN_SOLIB_CALL_TRAMPOLINE(pc, name) in_plt_section((pc), (name))
-extern int in_plt_section PARAMS ((CORE_ADDR, char *));
/* If PC is in a shared library trampoline code, return the PC
where the function itself actually starts. If not, return 0. */
diff --git a/gdb/config/xm-lynx.h b/gdb/config/xm-lynx.h
index 6f19abd..d73e2c1 100644
--- a/gdb/config/xm-lynx.h
+++ b/gdb/config/xm-lynx.h
@@ -17,6 +17,4 @@ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
-/* for INT_MIN, to avoid "INT_MIN redefined" warnings from defs.h */
-
-#include <limits.h>
+#include <limits.h> /* for INT_MIN */
diff --git a/gdb/doc/ChangeLog b/gdb/doc/ChangeLog
index 19c5aa3..036c89a 100644
--- a/gdb/doc/ChangeLog
+++ b/gdb/doc/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+Tue Jul 23 10:06:20 1996 Fred Fish <fnf@cygnus.com>
+
+ * gdbint.texinfo (NO_SINGLE_STEP): Document that single_step takes
+ a target_signal as arg type, not a pid.
+
Fri Jul 12 11:10:05 1996 Stu Grossman (grossman@critters.cygnus.com)
* gdb.texinfo: Document `set assembly-language'.
diff --git a/gdb/doc/gdbint.texinfo b/gdb/doc/gdbint.texinfo
index df4e6da..ed723f4 100644
--- a/gdb/doc/gdbint.texinfo
+++ b/gdb/doc/gdbint.texinfo
@@ -2197,7 +2197,7 @@ remote-adapt.c
@item NO_SINGLE_STEP
Define this if the target does not support single-stepping.
If this is defined, you must supply, in @code{*-tdep.c}, the function
-@code{single_step}, which takes a pid as argument and returns nothing.
+@code{single_step}, which takes a target_signal as argument and returns nothing.
It must insert breakpoints at each possible destinations of the next
instruction. See @code{sparc-tdep.c} and @code{rs6000-tdep.c}
for examples.