Warn users about mismatched PID namespaces

Linux supports multiple "PID namespaces".  Processes in different PID
namespaces have different views of the system process list.  Sometimes,
a single process can appear in more than one PID namespace, but with a
different PID in each.  When GDB and its target are in different PID
namespaces, various features can break due to the mismatch between
what the target believes its PID to be and what GDB believes its PID
to be.  The most visible broken functionality is thread enumeration
silently failing.

This patch explicitly warns users against trying to debug across PID
namespaces.

The patch introduced no new failures in my test suite run on an x86_64
installation of Ubuntu 14.10.  It doesn't include a test: writing an
automated test that exercises this code would be very involved because
CLONE_NEWNS requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN; the easier way to reproduce the
problem is to start a new lxc container.

gdb/
2014-11-11  Daniel Colascione  <dancol@dancol.org>

	Warn about cross-PID-namespace debugging.
	* nat/linux-procfs.h (linux_proc_pid_get_ns): New prototype.
	* nat/linux-procfs.c (linux_proc_pid_get_ns): New function.
	* linux-thread-db.c (check_pid_namespace_match): New function.
	(thread_db_inferior_created): Call it.

2 files changed, 25 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gdb/nat/linux-procfs.c b/gdb/nat/linux-procfs.c
index 30797da..00f2f08 100644
--- a/gdb/nat/linux-procfs.c
+++ b/gdb/nat/linux-procfs.c
@@ -113,3 +113,22 @@ linux_proc_pid_is_zombie (pid_t pid)
 {
   return linux_proc_pid_has_state (pid, "Z (zombie)");
 }
+
+/* See linux-procfs.h declaration.  */
+
+char *
+linux_proc_pid_get_ns (pid_t pid, const char *ns)
+{
+  char buf[100];
+  char nsval[64];
+  int ret;
+  xsnprintf (buf, sizeof (buf), "/proc/%d/ns/%s", (int) pid, ns);
+  ret = readlink (buf, nsval, sizeof (nsval));
+  if (0 < ret && ret < sizeof (nsval))
+    {
+      nsval[ret] = '\0';
+      return xstrdup (nsval);
+    }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/gdb/nat/linux-procfs.h b/gdb/nat/linux-procfs.h
index d13fff7..5e2a9ea 100644
--- a/gdb/nat/linux-procfs.h
+++ b/gdb/nat/linux-procfs.h
@@ -40,4 +40,10 @@ extern int linux_proc_pid_is_stopped (pid_t pid);
 
 extern int linux_proc_pid_is_zombie (pid_t pid);
 
+/* Return an opaque string identifying PID's NS namespace or NULL if
+ * the information is unavailable.  The returned string must be
+ * released with xfree.  */
+
+extern char *linux_proc_pid_get_ns (pid_t pid, const char *ns);
+
 #endif /* COMMON_LINUX_PROCFS_H */