path: root/libjava/boehm.cc

// boehm.cc - interface between libjava and Boehm GC.

/* Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007
   Free Software Foundation

   This file is part of libgcj.

This software is copyrighted work licensed under the terms of the
Libgcj License.  Please consult the file "LIBGCJ_LICENSE" for
details.  */

#include <config.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>

#include <jvm.h>
#include <gcj/cni.h>

#include <java/lang/Class.h>
#include <java/lang/reflect/Modifier.h>
#include <java-interp.h>

// More nastiness: the GC wants to define TRUE and FALSE.  We don't
// need the Java definitions (themselves a hack), so we undefine them.
#undef TRUE
#undef FALSE

// We include two autoconf headers. Avoid multiple definition warnings.
#undef PACKAGE_NAME
#undef PACKAGE_STRING
#undef PACKAGE_TARNAME
#undef PACKAGE_VERSION

#ifdef HAVE_DLFCN_H
#undef _GNU_SOURCE
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <dlfcn.h>
#endif

extern "C"
{
#include <gc_config.h>

// Set GC_DEBUG before including gc.h!
#ifdef LIBGCJ_GC_DEBUG
# define GC_DEBUG
#endif

#include <gc_mark.h>
#include <gc_gcj.h>
#include <javaxfc.h>  // GC_finalize_all declaration.  

#ifdef THREAD_LOCAL_ALLOC
# define GC_REDIRECT_TO_LOCAL
# include <gc_local_alloc.h>
#endif

  // From boehm's misc.c 
  void GC_enable();
  void GC_disable();
};

#define MAYBE_MARK(Obj, Top, Limit, Source)  \
	Top=GC_MARK_AND_PUSH((GC_PTR) Obj, Top, Limit, (GC_PTR *) Source)

// `kind' index used when allocating Java arrays.
static int array_kind_x;

// Freelist used for Java arrays.
static void **array_free_list;

static int _Jv_GC_has_static_roots (const char *filename, void *, size_t);



// This is called by the GC during the mark phase.  It marks a Java
// object.  We use `void *' arguments and return, and not what the
// Boehm GC wants, to avoid pollution in our headers.
void *
_Jv_MarkObj (void *addr, void *msp, void *msl, void *env)
{
  struct GC_ms_entry *mark_stack_ptr = (struct GC_ms_entry *)msp;
  struct GC_ms_entry *mark_stack_limit = (struct GC_ms_entry *)msl;

  if (env == (void *)1) /* Object allocated with debug allocator.	*/
    addr = (GC_PTR)GC_USR_PTR_FROM_BASE(addr);
  jobject obj = (jobject) addr;

  _Jv_VTable *dt = *(_Jv_VTable **) addr;
  // The object might not yet have its vtable set, or it might
  // really be an object on the freelist.  In either case, the vtable slot
  // will either be 0, or it will point to a cleared object.
  // This assumes Java objects have size at least 3 words,
  // including the header.   But this should remain true, since this
  // should only be used with debugging allocation or with large objects.
  if (__builtin_expect (! dt || !(dt -> get_finalizer()), false))
    return mark_stack_ptr;
  jclass klass = dt->clas;
  GC_PTR p;

  p = (GC_PTR) dt;
  MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, obj);

# ifndef JV_HASH_SYNCHRONIZATION
    // Every object has a sync_info pointer.
    p = (GC_PTR) obj->sync_info;
    MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, obj);
# endif

  if (__builtin_expect (klass == &java::lang::Class::class$, false))
    {
      // Currently we allocate some of the memory referenced from class objects
      // as pointerfree memory, and then mark it more intelligently here.
      // We ensure that the ClassClass mark descriptor forces invocation of
      // this procedure.
      // Correctness of this is subtle, but it looks OK to me for now.  For the incremental
      // collector, we need to make sure that the class object is written whenever
      // any of the subobjects are altered and may need rescanning.  This may be tricky
      // during construction, and this may not be the right way to do this with
      // incremental collection.
      // If we overflow the mark stack, we will rescan the class object, so we should
      // be OK.  The same applies if we redo the mark phase because win32 unmapped part
      // of our root set.		- HB
      jclass c = (jclass) addr;

      p = (GC_PTR) c->name;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);
      p = (GC_PTR) c->superclass;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      p = (GC_PTR) c->constants.tags;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);
      p = (GC_PTR) c->constants.data;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      // If the class is an array, then the methods field holds a
      // pointer to the element class.  If the class is primitive,
      // then the methods field holds a pointer to the array class.
      p = (GC_PTR) c->methods;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      p = (GC_PTR) c->fields;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      // The vtable might be allocated even for compiled code.
      p = (GC_PTR) c->vtable;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      p = (GC_PTR) c->interfaces;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);
      p = (GC_PTR) c->loader;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      // The dispatch tables can be allocated at runtime.
      p = (GC_PTR) c->ancestors;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      p = (GC_PTR) c->idt;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      p = (GC_PTR) c->arrayclass;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);
      p = (GC_PTR) c->protectionDomain;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);
      p = (GC_PTR) c->hack_signers;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);
      p = (GC_PTR) c->aux_info;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      p = (GC_PTR) c->reflection_data;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);

      // The class chain must be marked for runtime-allocated Classes
      // loaded by the bootstrap ClassLoader.
      p = (GC_PTR) c->next_or_version;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, c);
    }
  else
    {
      // NOTE: each class only holds information about the class
      // itself.  So we must do the marking for the entire inheritance
      // tree in order to mark all fields.  FIXME: what about
      // interfaces?  We skip Object here, because Object only has a
      // sync_info, and we handled that earlier.
      // Note: occasionally `klass' can be null.  For instance, this
      // can happen if a GC occurs between the point where an object
      // is allocated and where the vtbl slot is set.
      while (klass && klass != &java::lang::Object::class$)
	{
	  jfieldID field = JvGetFirstInstanceField (klass);
	  jint max = JvNumInstanceFields (klass);

	  for (int i = 0; i < max; ++i)
	    {
	      if (JvFieldIsRef (field))
		{
		  jobject val = JvGetObjectField (obj, field);
		  p = (GC_PTR) val;
		  MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, obj);
		}
	      field = field->getNextField ();
	    }
	  klass = klass->getSuperclass();
	}
    }

  return mark_stack_ptr;
}

// This is called by the GC during the mark phase.  It marks a Java
// array (of objects).  We use `void *' arguments and return, and not
// what the Boehm GC wants, to avoid pollution in our headers.
void *
_Jv_MarkArray (void *addr, void *msp, void *msl, void *env)
{
  struct GC_ms_entry *mark_stack_ptr = (struct GC_ms_entry *)msp;
  struct GC_ms_entry *mark_stack_limit = (struct GC_ms_entry *)msl;

  if (env == (void *)1) /* Object allocated with debug allocator.	*/
    addr = (void *)GC_USR_PTR_FROM_BASE(addr);
  jobjectArray array = (jobjectArray) addr;

  _Jv_VTable *dt = *(_Jv_VTable **) addr;
  // Assumes size >= 3 words.  That's currently true since arrays have
  // a vtable, sync pointer, and size.  If the sync pointer goes away,
  // we may need to round up the size.
  if (__builtin_expect (! dt || !(dt -> get_finalizer()), false))
    return mark_stack_ptr;
  GC_PTR p;

  p = (GC_PTR) dt;
  MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, array);

# ifndef JV_HASH_SYNCHRONIZATION
    // Every object has a sync_info pointer.
    p = (GC_PTR) array->sync_info;
    MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, array);
# endif

  for (int i = 0; i < JvGetArrayLength (array); ++i)
    {
      jobject obj = elements (array)[i];
      p = (GC_PTR) obj;
      MAYBE_MARK (p, mark_stack_ptr, mark_stack_limit, array);
    }

  return mark_stack_ptr;
}

// Generate a GC marking descriptor for a class.
//
// We assume that the gcj mark proc has index 0.  This is a dubious assumption,
// since another one could be registered first.  But the compiler also
// knows this, so in that case everything else will break, too.
#define GCJ_DEFAULT_DESCR GC_MAKE_PROC(GC_GCJ_RESERVED_MARK_PROC_INDEX,0)

void *
_Jv_BuildGCDescr(jclass self)
{
  jlong desc = 0;
  jint bits_per_word = CHAR_BIT * sizeof (void *);

  // Note: for now we only consider a bitmap mark descriptor.  We
  // could also handle the case where the first N fields of a type are
  // references.  However, this is not very likely to be used by many
  // classes, and it is easier to compute things this way.

  // The vtable pointer.
  desc |= 1ULL << (bits_per_word - 1);
#ifndef JV_HASH_SYNCHRONIZATION
  // The sync_info field.
  desc |= 1ULL << (bits_per_word - 2);
#endif

  for (jclass klass = self; klass != NULL; klass = klass->getSuperclass())
    {
      jfieldID field = JvGetFirstInstanceField(klass);
      int count = JvNumInstanceFields(klass);

      for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
	{
	  if (field->isRef())
	    {
	      unsigned int off = field->getOffset();
	      // If we run into a weird situation, we bail.
	      if (off % sizeof (void *) != 0)
		return (void *) (GCJ_DEFAULT_DESCR);
	      off /= sizeof (void *);
	      // If we find a field outside the range of our bitmap,
	      // fall back to procedure marker. The bottom 2 bits are
	      // reserved.
	      if (off >= (unsigned) bits_per_word - 2)
		return (void *) (GCJ_DEFAULT_DESCR);
	      desc |= 1ULL << (bits_per_word - off - 1);
	    }

	  field = field->getNextField();
	}
    }

  // For bitmap mark type, bottom bits are 01.
  desc |= 1;
  // Bogus warning avoidance (on many platforms).
  return (void *) (unsigned long) desc;
}

// Allocate some space that is known to be pointer-free.
void *
_Jv_AllocBytes (jsize size)
{
  void *r = GC_MALLOC_ATOMIC (size);
  // We have to explicitly zero memory here, as the GC doesn't
  // guarantee that PTRFREE allocations are zeroed.  Note that we
  // don't have to do this for other allocation types because we set
  // the `ok_init' flag in the type descriptor.
  memset (r, 0, size);
  return r;
}

#ifdef LIBGCJ_GC_DEBUG

void *
_Jv_AllocObj (jsize size, jclass klass)
{
  return GC_GCJ_MALLOC (size, klass->vtable);
}

void *
_Jv_AllocPtrFreeObj (jsize size, jclass klass)
{
#ifdef JV_HASH_SYNCHRONIZATION
  void * obj = GC_MALLOC_ATOMIC(size);
  *((_Jv_VTable **) obj) = klass->vtable;
#else
  void * obj = GC_GCJ_MALLOC(size, klass->vtable);
#endif
  return obj;
}

#endif /* LIBGCJ_GC_DEBUG */
// In the non-debug case, the above two functions are defined
// as inline functions in boehm-gc.h.  In the debug case we
// really want to take advantage of the definitions in gc_gcj.h.

// Allocate space for a new Java array.
// Used only for arrays of objects.
void *
_Jv_AllocArray (jsize size, jclass klass)
{
  void *obj;

#ifdef LIBGCJ_GC_DEBUG
  // There isn't much to lose by scanning this conservatively.
  // If we didn't, the mark proc would have to understand that
  // it needed to skip the header.
  obj = GC_MALLOC(size);
#else
  const jsize min_heap_addr = 16*1024;
  // A heuristic.  If size is less than this value, the size
  // stored in the array can't possibly be misinterpreted as
  // a pointer.   Thus we lose nothing by scanning the object
  // completely conservatively, since no misidentification can
  // take place.
  
  if (size < min_heap_addr) 
    obj = GC_MALLOC(size);
  else 
    obj = GC_generic_malloc (size, array_kind_x);
#endif
  *((_Jv_VTable **) obj) = klass->vtable;
  return obj;
}

/* Allocate space for a new non-Java object, which does not have the usual 
   Java object header but may contain pointers to other GC'ed objects. */
void *
_Jv_AllocRawObj (jsize size)
{
  return (void *) GC_MALLOC (size ? size : 1);
}

#ifdef INTERPRETER
typedef _Jv_ClosureList *closure_list_pointer;

/* Release closures in a _Jv_ClosureList.  */
static void
finalize_closure_list (GC_PTR obj, GC_PTR)
{
  _Jv_ClosureList **clpp = (_Jv_ClosureList **)obj;
  _Jv_ClosureList::releaseClosures (clpp);
}

/* Allocate a double-indirect pointer to a _Jv_ClosureList that will
   get garbage-collected after this double-indirect pointer becomes
   unreachable by any other objects, including finalizable ones.  */
_Jv_ClosureList **
_Jv_ClosureListFinalizer ()
{
  _Jv_ClosureList **clpp;
  clpp = (_Jv_ClosureList **)_Jv_AllocBytes (sizeof (*clpp));
  GC_REGISTER_FINALIZER_UNREACHABLE (clpp, finalize_closure_list,
				     NULL, NULL, NULL);
  return clpp;
}
#endif // INTERPRETER

static void
call_finalizer (GC_PTR obj, GC_PTR client_data)
{
  _Jv_FinalizerFunc *fn = (_Jv_FinalizerFunc *) client_data;
  jobject jobj = (jobject) obj;

  (*fn) (jobj);
}

void
_Jv_RegisterFinalizer (void *object, _Jv_FinalizerFunc *meth)
{
  GC_REGISTER_FINALIZER_NO_ORDER (object, call_finalizer, (GC_PTR) meth,
				  NULL, NULL);
}

void
_Jv_RunFinalizers (void)
{
  GC_invoke_finalizers ();
}

void
_Jv_RunAllFinalizers (void)
{
  GC_finalize_all ();
}

void
_Jv_RunGC (void)
{
  GC_gcollect ();
}

long
_Jv_GCTotalMemory (void)
{
  return GC_get_heap_size ();
}

long
_Jv_GCFreeMemory (void)
{
  return GC_get_free_bytes ();
}

void
_Jv_GCSetInitialHeapSize (size_t size)
{
  size_t current = GC_get_heap_size ();
  if (size > current)
    GC_expand_hp (size - current);
}

void
_Jv_GCSetMaximumHeapSize (size_t size)
{
  GC_set_max_heap_size ((GC_word) size);
}

void
_Jv_DisableGC (void)
{
  GC_disable();
}

void
_Jv_EnableGC (void)
{
  GC_enable();
}

static void * handle_out_of_memory(size_t)
{
  _Jv_ThrowNoMemory();
}

static void
gcj_describe_type_fn(void *obj, char *out_buf)
{
  _Jv_VTable *dt = *(_Jv_VTable **) obj;

  if (! dt /* Shouldn't happen */)
    {
      strcpy(out_buf, "GCJ (bad)");
      return;
    }
  jclass klass = dt->clas;
  if (!klass /* shouldn't happen */)
    {
      strcpy(out_buf, "GCJ (bad)");
      return;
    }
  jstring name = klass -> getName();
  size_t len = name -> length();
  if (len >= GC_TYPE_DESCR_LEN) len = GC_TYPE_DESCR_LEN - 1;
  JvGetStringUTFRegion (name, 0, len, out_buf);
  out_buf[len] = '\0';
}

void
_Jv_InitGC (void)
{
  int proc;
  static bool gc_initialized;

  if (gc_initialized)
    return;

  gc_initialized = 1;

  // Ignore pointers that do not point to the start of an object.
  GC_all_interior_pointers = 0;

#if defined (HAVE_DLFCN_H) && defined (HAVE_DLADDR)
  // Tell the collector to ask us before scanning DSOs.
  GC_register_has_static_roots_callback (_Jv_GC_has_static_roots);
#endif

  // Configure the collector to use the bitmap marking descriptors that we
  // stash in the class vtable.
  // We always use mark proc descriptor 0, since the compiler knows
  // about it.
  GC_init_gcj_malloc (0, (void *) _Jv_MarkObj);  

  // Cause an out of memory error to be thrown from the allocators,
  // instead of returning 0.  This is cheaper than checking on allocation.
  GC_oom_fn = handle_out_of_memory;

  GC_java_finalization = 1;

  // We use a different mark procedure for object arrays. This code 
  // configures a different object `kind' for object array allocation and
  // marking.
  array_free_list = GC_new_free_list();
  proc = GC_new_proc((GC_mark_proc)_Jv_MarkArray);
  array_kind_x = GC_new_kind(array_free_list, GC_MAKE_PROC (proc, 0), 0, 1);

  // Arrange to have the GC print Java class names in backtraces, etc.
  GC_register_describe_type_fn(GC_gcj_kind, gcj_describe_type_fn);
  GC_register_describe_type_fn(GC_gcj_debug_kind, gcj_describe_type_fn);
}

#ifdef JV_HASH_SYNCHRONIZATION
// Allocate an object with a fake vtable pointer, which causes only
// the first field (beyond the fake vtable pointer) to be traced.
// Eventually this should probably be generalized.

static _Jv_VTable trace_one_vtable = {
    0, 			// class pointer
    (void *)(2 * sizeof(void *)),
			// descriptor; scan 2 words incl. vtable ptr.
			// Least significant bits must be zero to
			// identify this as a length descriptor
    {0}			// First method
};

void *
_Jv_AllocTraceOne (jsize size /* includes vtable slot */) 
{
  return GC_GCJ_MALLOC (size, &trace_one_vtable);
}

// Ditto for two words.
// the first field (beyond the fake vtable pointer) to be traced.
// Eventually this should probably be generalized.

static _Jv_VTable trace_two_vtable =
{
  0, 			// class pointer
  (void *)(3 * sizeof(void *)),
			// descriptor; scan 3 words incl. vtable ptr.
  {0}			// First method
};

void *
_Jv_AllocTraceTwo (jsize size /* includes vtable slot */) 
{
  return GC_GCJ_MALLOC (size, &trace_two_vtable);
}

#endif /* JV_HASH_SYNCHRONIZATION */

void
_Jv_GCInitializeFinalizers (void (*notifier) (void))
{
  GC_finalize_on_demand = 1;
  GC_finalizer_notifier = notifier;
}

void
_Jv_GCRegisterDisappearingLink (jobject *objp)
{
  // This test helps to ensure that we meet a precondition of
  // GC_general_register_disappearing_link, viz. "Obj must be a
  // pointer to the first word of an object we allocated."
  if (GC_base(*objp))
    GC_general_register_disappearing_link ((GC_PTR *) objp, (GC_PTR) *objp);
}

jboolean
_Jv_GCCanReclaimSoftReference (jobject)
{
  // For now, always reclaim soft references.  FIXME.
  return true;
}



#if defined (HAVE_DLFCN_H) && defined (HAVE_DLADDR)

// We keep a store of the filenames of DSOs that need to be
// conservatively scanned by the garbage collector.  During collection
// the gc calls _Jv_GC_has_static_roots() to see if the data segment
// of a DSO should be scanned.
typedef struct filename_node
{
  char *name;
  struct filename_node *link;
} filename_node;

#define FILENAME_STORE_SIZE 17
static filename_node *filename_store[FILENAME_STORE_SIZE];

// Find a filename in filename_store.
static filename_node **
find_file (const char *filename)
{
  int index = strlen (filename) % FILENAME_STORE_SIZE;
  filename_node **node = &filename_store[index];
  
  while (*node)
    {
      if (strcmp ((*node)->name, filename) == 0)
	return node;
      node = &(*node)->link;
    }

  return node;
}  

// Print the store of filenames of DSOs that need collection.
void
_Jv_print_gc_store (void)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < FILENAME_STORE_SIZE; i++)
    {
      filename_node *node = filename_store[i];
      while (node)
	{
	  fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", node->name);
	  node = node->link;
	}
    }
}

// Create a new node in the store of libraries to collect.
static filename_node *
new_node (const char *filename)
{
  filename_node *node = (filename_node*)_Jv_Malloc (sizeof (filename_node));
  node->name = (char *)_Jv_Malloc (strlen (filename) + 1);
  node->link = NULL;
  strcpy (node->name, filename);
  
  return node;
}

// Nonzero if the gc should scan this lib.
static int 
_Jv_GC_has_static_roots (const char *filename, void *, size_t)
{
  if (filename == NULL || strlen (filename) == 0)
    // No filename; better safe than sorry.
    return 1;

  filename_node **node = find_file (filename);
  if (*node)
    return 1;

  return 0;
}

#endif

// Register the DSO that contains p for collection.
void
_Jv_RegisterLibForGc (const void *p __attribute__ ((__unused__)))
{
#if defined (HAVE_DLFCN_H) && defined (HAVE_DLADDR)
  Dl_info info;

  if (dladdr (const_cast<void *>(p), &info) != 0)
    {
      filename_node **node = find_file (info.dli_fname);
      if (! *node)
	*node = new_node (info.dli_fname);
    }
#endif
}

void
_Jv_SuspendThread (_Jv_Thread_t *thread)
{
#if defined(GC_PTHREADS) && !defined(GC_SOLARIS_THREADS) \
     && !defined(GC_WIN32_THREADS) && !defined(GC_DARWIN_THREADS)
  GC_suspend_thread (_Jv_GetPlatformThreadID (thread));
#endif
}

void
_Jv_ResumeThread (_Jv_Thread_t *thread)
{
#if defined(GC_PTHREADS) && !defined(GC_SOLARIS_THREADS) \
     && !defined(GC_WIN32_THREADS) && !defined(GC_DARWIN_THREADS)
  GC_resume_thread (_Jv_GetPlatformThreadID (thread));
#endif
}

int
_Jv_IsThreadSuspended (_Jv_Thread_t *thread)
{
#if defined(GC_PTHREADS) && !defined(GC_SOLARIS_THREADS) \
     && !defined(GC_WIN32_THREADS) && !defined(GC_DARWIN_THREADS)
  return GC_is_thread_suspended (_Jv_GetPlatformThreadID (thread));
#else
  return 0;
#endif
}

void
_Jv_GCAttachThread ()
{
  // The registration interface is only defined on posixy systems and
  // only actually works if pthread_getattr_np is defined.
  // FIXME: until gc7 it is simpler to disable this on solaris.
#if defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_GETATTR_NP) && !defined(GC_SOLARIS_THREADS)
  GC_register_my_thread ();
#endif
}

void
_Jv_GCDetachThread ()
{
#if defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_GETATTR_NP) && !defined(GC_SOLARIS_THREADS)
  GC_unregister_my_thread ();
#endif
}