1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
|
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Package testing provides support for automated testing of Go packages.
// It is intended to be used in concert with the ``go test'' command, which automates
// execution of any function of the form
// func TestXxx(*testing.T)
// where Xxx can be any alphanumeric string (but the first letter must not be in
// [a-z]) and serves to identify the test routine.
// These TestXxx routines should be declared within the package they are testing.
//
// Functions of the form
// func BenchmarkXxx(*testing.B)
// are considered benchmarks, and are executed by gotest when the -test.bench
// flag is provided.
//
// A sample benchmark function looks like this:
// func BenchmarkHello(b *testing.B) {
// for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
// fmt.Sprintf("hello")
// }
// }
//
// The benchmark package will vary b.N until the benchmark function lasts
// long enough to be timed reliably. The output
// testing.BenchmarkHello 10000000 282 ns/op
// means that the loop ran 10000000 times at a speed of 282 ns per loop.
//
// If a benchmark needs some expensive setup before running, the timer
// may be stopped:
// func BenchmarkBigLen(b *testing.B) {
// b.StopTimer()
// big := NewBig()
// b.StartTimer()
// for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
// big.Len()
// }
// }
//
// The package also runs and verifies example code. Example functions
// include an introductory comment that is compared with the standard output
// of the function when the tests are run, as in this example of an example:
//
// // hello
// func ExampleHello() {
// fmt.Println("hello")
// }
//
// Example functions without comments are compiled but not executed.
//
// The naming convention to declare examples for a function F, a type T and
// method M on type T are:
//
// func ExampleF() { ... }
// func ExampleT() { ... }
// func ExampleT_M() { ... }
//
// Multiple example functions for a type/function/method may be provided by
// appending a distinct suffix to the name. The suffix must start with a
// lower-case letter.
//
// func ExampleF_suffix() { ... }
// func ExampleT_suffix() { ... }
// func ExampleT_M_suffix() { ... }
//
package testing
import (
"flag"
"fmt"
"os"
"runtime"
"runtime/pprof"
"strconv"
"strings"
"time"
)
var (
// The short flag requests that tests run more quickly, but its functionality
// is provided by test writers themselves. The testing package is just its
// home. The all.bash installation script sets it to make installation more
// efficient, but by default the flag is off so a plain "gotest" will do a
// full test of the package.
short = flag.Bool("test.short", false, "run smaller test suite to save time")
// Report as tests are run; default is silent for success.
chatty = flag.Bool("test.v", false, "verbose: print additional output")
match = flag.String("test.run", "", "regular expression to select tests to run")
memProfile = flag.String("test.memprofile", "", "write a memory profile to the named file after execution")
memProfileRate = flag.Int("test.memprofilerate", 0, "if >=0, sets runtime.MemProfileRate")
cpuProfile = flag.String("test.cpuprofile", "", "write a cpu profile to the named file during execution")
timeout = flag.Duration("test.timeout", 0, "if positive, sets an aggregate time limit for all tests")
cpuListStr = flag.String("test.cpu", "", "comma-separated list of number of CPUs to use for each test")
parallel = flag.Int("test.parallel", runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0), "maximum test parallelism")
cpuList []int
)
// common holds the elements common between T and B and
// captures common methods such as Errorf.
type common struct {
output []byte // Output generated by test or benchmark.
failed bool // Test or benchmark has failed.
start time.Time // Time test or benchmark started
duration time.Duration
self interface{} // To be sent on signal channel when done.
signal chan interface{} // Output for serial tests.
}
// Short reports whether the -test.short flag is set.
func Short() bool {
return *short
}
// decorate inserts the final newline if needed and indentation tabs for formatting.
// If addFileLine is true, it also prefixes the string with the file and line of the call site.
func decorate(s string, addFileLine bool) string {
if addFileLine {
_, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(3) // decorate + log + public function.
if ok {
// Truncate file name at last file name separator.
if index := strings.LastIndex(file, "/"); index >= 0 {
file = file[index+1:]
} else if index = strings.LastIndex(file, "\\"); index >= 0 {
file = file[index+1:]
}
} else {
file = "???"
line = 1
}
s = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d: %s", file, line, s)
}
s = "\t" + s // Every line is indented at least one tab.
n := len(s)
if n > 0 && s[n-1] != '\n' {
s += "\n"
n++
}
for i := 0; i < n-1; i++ { // -1 to avoid final newline
if s[i] == '\n' {
// Second and subsequent lines are indented an extra tab.
return s[0:i+1] + "\t" + decorate(s[i+1:n], false)
}
}
return s
}
// T is a type passed to Test functions to manage test state and support formatted test logs.
// Logs are accumulated during execution and dumped to standard error when done.
type T struct {
common
name string // Name of test.
startParallel chan bool // Parallel tests will wait on this.
}
// Fail marks the function as having failed but continues execution.
func (c *common) Fail() { c.failed = true }
// Failed returns whether the function has failed.
func (c *common) Failed() bool { return c.failed }
// FailNow marks the function as having failed and stops its execution.
// Execution will continue at the next Test.
func (c *common) FailNow() {
c.Fail()
// Calling runtime.Goexit will exit the goroutine, which
// will run the deferred functions in this goroutine,
// which will eventually run the deferred lines in tRunner,
// which will signal to the test loop that this test is done.
//
// A previous version of this code said:
//
// c.duration = ...
// c.signal <- c.self
// runtime.Goexit()
//
// This previous version duplicated code (those lines are in
// tRunner no matter what), but worse the goroutine teardown
// implicit in runtime.Goexit was not guaranteed to complete
// before the test exited. If a test deferred an important cleanup
// function (like removing temporary files), there was no guarantee
// it would run on a test failure. Because we send on c.signal during
// a top-of-stack deferred function now, we know that the send
// only happens after any other stacked defers have completed.
runtime.Goexit()
}
// log generates the output. It's always at the same stack depth.
func (c *common) log(s string) {
c.output = append(c.output, decorate(s, true)...)
}
// Log formats its arguments using default formatting, analogous to Println(),
// and records the text in the error log.
func (c *common) Log(args ...interface{}) { c.log(fmt.Sprintln(args...)) }
// Logf formats its arguments according to the format, analogous to Printf(),
// and records the text in the error log.
func (c *common) Logf(format string, args ...interface{}) { c.log(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)) }
// Error is equivalent to Log() followed by Fail().
func (c *common) Error(args ...interface{}) {
c.log(fmt.Sprintln(args...))
c.Fail()
}
// Errorf is equivalent to Logf() followed by Fail().
func (c *common) Errorf(format string, args ...interface{}) {
c.log(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...))
c.Fail()
}
// Fatal is equivalent to Log() followed by FailNow().
func (c *common) Fatal(args ...interface{}) {
c.log(fmt.Sprintln(args...))
c.FailNow()
}
// Fatalf is equivalent to Logf() followed by FailNow().
func (c *common) Fatalf(format string, args ...interface{}) {
c.log(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...))
c.FailNow()
}
// Parallel signals that this test is to be run in parallel with (and only with)
// other parallel tests in this CPU group.
func (t *T) Parallel() {
t.signal <- (*T)(nil) // Release main testing loop
<-t.startParallel // Wait for serial tests to finish
}
// An internal type but exported because it is cross-package; part of the implementation
// of gotest.
type InternalTest struct {
Name string
F func(*T)
}
func tRunner(t *T, test *InternalTest) {
t.start = time.Now()
// When this goroutine is done, either because test.F(t)
// returned normally or because a test failure triggered
// a call to runtime.Goexit, record the duration and send
// a signal saying that the test is done.
defer func() {
t.duration = time.Now().Sub(t.start)
t.signal <- t
}()
test.F(t)
}
// An internal function but exported because it is cross-package; part of the implementation
// of gotest.
func Main(matchString func(pat, str string) (bool, error), tests []InternalTest, benchmarks []InternalBenchmark, examples []InternalExample) {
flag.Parse()
parseCpuList()
before()
startAlarm()
testOk := RunTests(matchString, tests)
exampleOk := RunExamples(examples)
if !testOk || !exampleOk {
fmt.Println("FAIL")
os.Exit(1)
}
fmt.Println("PASS")
stopAlarm()
RunBenchmarks(matchString, benchmarks)
after()
}
func (t *T) report() {
tstr := fmt.Sprintf("(%.2f seconds)", t.duration.Seconds())
format := "--- %s: %s %s\n%s"
if t.failed {
fmt.Printf(format, "FAIL", t.name, tstr, t.output)
} else if *chatty {
fmt.Printf(format, "PASS", t.name, tstr, t.output)
}
}
func RunTests(matchString func(pat, str string) (bool, error), tests []InternalTest) (ok bool) {
ok = true
if len(tests) == 0 {
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "testing: warning: no tests to run")
return
}
for _, procs := range cpuList {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(procs)
// We build a new channel tree for each run of the loop.
// collector merges in one channel all the upstream signals from parallel tests.
// If all tests pump to the same channel, a bug can occur where a test
// kicks off a goroutine that Fails, yet the test still delivers a completion signal,
// which skews the counting.
var collector = make(chan interface{})
numParallel := 0
startParallel := make(chan bool)
for i := 0; i < len(tests); i++ {
matched, err := matchString(*match, tests[i].Name)
if err != nil {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "testing: invalid regexp for -test.run: %s\n", err)
os.Exit(1)
}
if !matched {
continue
}
testName := tests[i].Name
if procs != 1 {
testName = fmt.Sprintf("%s-%d", tests[i].Name, procs)
}
t := &T{
common: common{
signal: make(chan interface{}),
},
name: testName,
startParallel: startParallel,
}
t.self = t
if *chatty {
fmt.Printf("=== RUN %s\n", t.name)
}
go tRunner(t, &tests[i])
out := (<-t.signal).(*T)
if out == nil { // Parallel run.
go func() {
collector <- <-t.signal
}()
numParallel++
continue
}
t.report()
ok = ok && !out.failed
}
running := 0
for numParallel+running > 0 {
if running < *parallel && numParallel > 0 {
startParallel <- true
running++
numParallel--
continue
}
t := (<-collector).(*T)
t.report()
ok = ok && !t.failed
running--
}
}
return
}
// before runs before all testing.
func before() {
if *memProfileRate > 0 {
runtime.MemProfileRate = *memProfileRate
}
if *cpuProfile != "" {
f, err := os.Create(*cpuProfile)
if err != nil {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "testing: %s", err)
return
}
if err := pprof.StartCPUProfile(f); err != nil {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "testing: can't start cpu profile: %s", err)
f.Close()
return
}
// Could save f so after can call f.Close; not worth the effort.
}
}
// after runs after all testing.
func after() {
if *cpuProfile != "" {
pprof.StopCPUProfile() // flushes profile to disk
}
if *memProfile != "" {
f, err := os.Create(*memProfile)
if err != nil {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "testing: %s", err)
return
}
if err = pprof.WriteHeapProfile(f); err != nil {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "testing: can't write %s: %s", *memProfile, err)
}
f.Close()
}
}
var timer *time.Timer
// startAlarm starts an alarm if requested.
func startAlarm() {
if *timeout > 0 {
timer = time.AfterFunc(*timeout, alarm)
}
}
// stopAlarm turns off the alarm.
func stopAlarm() {
if *timeout > 0 {
timer.Stop()
}
}
// alarm is called if the timeout expires.
func alarm() {
panic("test timed out")
}
func parseCpuList() {
if len(*cpuListStr) == 0 {
cpuList = append(cpuList, runtime.GOMAXPROCS(-1))
} else {
for _, val := range strings.Split(*cpuListStr, ",") {
cpu, err := strconv.Atoi(val)
if err != nil || cpu <= 0 {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "testing: invalid value %q for -test.cpu", val)
os.Exit(1)
}
cpuList = append(cpuList, cpu)
}
}
}
|