fortran: Factor data references for scalar class argument wrapping [PR92178]

In the case of a scalar actual arg passed to a polymorphic assumed-rank
dummy with INTENT(OUT) attribute, avoid repeatedly evaluating the actual
argument reference by saving a pointer to it.  This is non-optimal, but
may also be invalid, because the data reference may depend on its own
content.  In that case the expression can't be evaluated after the data
has been deallocated.

There are two ways redundant expressions are generated:
 - parmse.expr, which contains the actual argument expression, is
   reused to get or set subfields in gfc_conv_class_to_class.
 - gfc_conv_class_to_class, to get the virtual table pointer associated
   with the argument, generates a new expression from scratch starting
   with the frontend expression.

The first part is fixed by saving parmse.expr to a pointer and using
the pointer instead of the original expression.

The second part is fixed by adding a separate field to gfc_se that
is set to the class container expression  when the expression to
evaluate is polymorphic.  This needs the same field in gfc_ss_info
so that its value can be propagated to gfc_conv_class_to_class which
is modified to use that value.  Finally gfc_conv_procedure saves the
expression in that field to a pointer in between to avoid the same
problem as for the first part.

	PR fortran/92178

gcc/fortran/ChangeLog:

	* trans.h (struct gfc_se): New field class_container.
	(struct gfc_ss_info): Ditto.
	(gfc_evaluate_data_ref_now): New prototype.
	* trans.cc (gfc_evaluate_data_ref_now):  Implement it.
	* trans-array.cc (gfc_conv_ss_descriptor): Copy class_container
	field from gfc_se struct to gfc_ss_info struct.
	(gfc_conv_expr_descriptor): Copy class_container field from
	gfc_ss_info struct to gfc_se struct.
	* trans-expr.cc (gfc_conv_class_to_class): Use class container
	set in class_container field if available.
	(gfc_conv_variable): Set class_container field on encountering
	class variables or components, clear it on encountering
	non-class components.
	(gfc_conv_procedure_call): Evaluate data ref to a pointer now,
	and replace later references by usage of the pointer.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	* gfortran.dg/intent_out_20.f90: New test.

5 files changed, 96 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gcc/fortran/trans-array.cc b/gcc/fortran/trans-array.cc
index e7c51ba..1c2af55 100644
--- a/gcc/fortran/trans-array.cc
+++ b/gcc/fortran/trans-array.cc
@@ -3271,6 +3271,7 @@ gfc_conv_ss_descriptor (stmtblock_t * block, gfc_ss * ss, int base)
   gfc_add_block_to_block (block, &se.pre);
   info->descriptor = se.expr;
   ss_info->string_length = se.string_length;
+  ss_info->class_container = se.class_container;
 
   if (base)
     {
@@ -7687,6 +7688,8 @@ gfc_conv_expr_descriptor (gfc_se *se, gfc_expr *expr)
 	  else if (deferred_array_component)
 	    se->string_length = ss_info->string_length;
 
+	  se->class_container = ss_info->class_container;
+
 	  gfc_free_ss_chain (ss);
 	  return;
 	}
diff --git a/gcc/fortran/trans-expr.cc b/gcc/fortran/trans-expr.cc
index b7e95e6..5169fbc 100644
--- a/gcc/fortran/trans-expr.cc
+++ b/gcc/fortran/trans-expr.cc
@@ -1266,6 +1266,10 @@ gfc_conv_class_to_class (gfc_se *parmse, gfc_expr *e, gfc_typespec class_ts,
 
       slen = build_zero_cst (size_type_node);
     }
+  else if (parmse->class_container != NULL_TREE)
+    /* Don't redundantly evaluate the expression if the required information
+       is already available.  */
+    tmp = parmse->class_container;
   else
     {
       /* Remove everything after the last class reference, convert the
@@ -3078,6 +3082,11 @@ gfc_conv_variable (gfc_se * se, gfc_expr * expr)
 	  return;
 	}
 
+      if (sym->ts.type == BT_CLASS
+	  && sym->attr.class_ok
+	  && sym->ts.u.derived->attr.is_class)
+	se->class_container = se->expr;
+
       /* Dereference the expression, where needed.  */
       se->expr = gfc_maybe_dereference_var (sym, se->expr, se->descriptor_only,
 					    is_classarray);
@@ -3135,6 +3144,15 @@ gfc_conv_variable (gfc_se * se, gfc_expr * expr)
 	    conv_parent_component_references (se, ref);
 
 	  gfc_conv_component_ref (se, ref);
+
+	  if (ref->u.c.component->ts.type == BT_CLASS
+	      && ref->u.c.component->attr.class_ok
+	      && ref->u.c.component->ts.u.derived->attr.is_class)
+	    se->class_container = se->expr;
+	  else if (!(ref->u.c.sym->attr.flavor == FL_DERIVED
+		     && ref->u.c.sym->attr.is_class))
+	    se->class_container = NULL_TREE;
+
 	  if (!ref->next && ref->u.c.sym->attr.codimension
 	      && se->want_pointer && se->descriptor_only)
 	    return;
@@ -6664,6 +6682,14 @@ gfc_conv_procedure_call (gfc_se * se, gfc_symbol * sym,
 
 		      defer_to_dealloc_blk = true;
 
+		      parmse.expr = gfc_evaluate_data_ref_now (parmse.expr,
+							       &parmse.pre);
+
+		      if (parmse.class_container != NULL_TREE)
+			parmse.class_container
+			    = gfc_evaluate_data_ref_now (parmse.class_container,
+							 &parmse.pre);
+
 		      gfc_init_block  (&block);
 		      ptr = parmse.expr;
 		      if (e->ts.type == BT_CLASS)
diff --git a/gcc/fortran/trans.cc b/gcc/fortran/trans.cc
index 7ad85ae..f1a3aac 100644
--- a/gcc/fortran/trans.cc
+++ b/gcc/fortran/trans.cc
@@ -174,6 +174,34 @@ gfc_evaluate_now (tree expr, stmtblock_t * pblock)
   return gfc_evaluate_now_loc (input_location, expr, pblock);
 }
 
+
+/* Returns a fresh pointer variable pointing to the same data as EXPR, adding
+   in BLOCK the initialization code that makes it point to EXPR.  */
+
+tree
+gfc_evaluate_data_ref_now (tree expr, stmtblock_t *block)
+{
+  tree t = expr;
+
+  STRIP_NOPS (t);
+
+  /* If EXPR can be used as lhs of an assignment, we have to take the address
+     of EXPR.  Otherwise, reassigning the pointer would retarget it to some
+     other data without EXPR being retargetted as well.  */
+  bool lvalue_p = DECL_P (t) || REFERENCE_CLASS_P (t) || INDIRECT_REF_P (t);
+
+  tree value;
+  if (lvalue_p)
+    {
+      value = gfc_build_addr_expr (NULL_TREE, expr);
+      value = gfc_evaluate_now (value, block);
+      return build_fold_indirect_ref_loc (input_location, value);
+    }
+  else
+    return gfc_evaluate_now (expr, block);
+}
+
+
 /* Like gfc_evaluate_now, but add the created variable to the
    function scope.  */
 
diff --git a/gcc/fortran/trans.h b/gcc/fortran/trans.h
index 0c8d004..82cdd69 100644
--- a/gcc/fortran/trans.h
+++ b/gcc/fortran/trans.h
@@ -57,6 +57,10 @@ typedef struct gfc_se
      here.  */
   tree class_vptr;
 
+  /* When expr is a reference to a direct subobject of a class, store
+     the reference to the class object here.  */
+  tree class_container;
+
   /* Whether expr is a reference to an unlimited polymorphic object.  */
   unsigned unlimited_polymorphic:1;
 
@@ -263,6 +267,7 @@ typedef struct gfc_ss_info
   gfc_ss_type type;
   gfc_expr *expr;
   tree string_length;
+  tree class_container;
 
   union
   {
@@ -525,6 +530,7 @@ void gfc_conv_label_variable (gfc_se * se, gfc_expr * expr);
 /* If the value is not constant, Create a temporary and copy the value.  */
 tree gfc_evaluate_now_loc (location_t, tree, stmtblock_t *);
 tree gfc_evaluate_now (tree, stmtblock_t *);
+tree gfc_evaluate_data_ref_now (tree, stmtblock_t *);
 tree gfc_evaluate_now_function_scope (tree, stmtblock_t *);
 
 /* Find the appropriate variant of a math intrinsic.  */
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/intent_out_20.f90 b/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/intent_out_20.f90
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e5d8c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/intent_out_20.f90
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+! { dg-do run }
+!
+! PR fortran/92178
+! Check that if a data reference passed is as actual argument whose dummy
+! has INTENT(OUT) attribute, any other argument depending on the
+! same data reference is evaluated before the data reference deallocation.
+
+program p
+  implicit none
+  type t
+    integer :: i
+  end type t
+  type u
+    class(t), allocatable :: ta
+  end type u
+  type(u),  allocatable :: c(:)
+  allocate(c, source = [u(t(1)), u(t(4))])
+  call bar (                         &
+      allocated (c(c(1)%ta%i)%ta), &
+      c(c(1)%ta%i)%ta,            &
+      allocated (c(c(1)%ta%i)%ta) &
+  )
+  if (allocated (c(1)%ta)) stop 11
+  if (.not. allocated (c(2)%ta)) stop 12
+contains
+  subroutine bar (alloc, x, alloc2)
+    logical :: alloc, alloc2
+    class(t), allocatable, intent(out) :: x(..)
+    if (allocated (x)) stop 1
+    if (.not. alloc)   stop 2
+    if (.not. alloc2)  stop 3
+  end subroutine bar
+end