extend.texi (Statement Exprs, Typeof): Discuss __auto_type.

	* doc/extend.texi (Statement Exprs, Typeof): Discuss __auto_type.
	* ginclude/stdatomic.h (kill_dependency, atomic_store_explicit)
	(atomic_load_explicit, atomic_exchange_explicit)
	(atomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit)
	(atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit): Use __auto_type to
	declare variable initialized with PTR argument.

c-family:
	* c-common.h (enum rid): Add RID_AUTO_TYPE.
	* c-common.c (c_common_reswords): Add __auto_type.
	(keyword_begins_type_specifier): Handle RID_AUTO_TYPE.

c:
	* c-tree.h (c_typespec_keyword): Add cts_auto_type.
	* c-decl.c (declspecs_add_type, finish_declspecs): Handle
	__auto_type.
	* c-parser.c (c_token_starts_typename, c_token_starts_declspecs)
	(c_parser_attribute_any_word, c_parser_objc_selector): Handle
	RID_AUTO_TYPE.
	(c_parser_declspecs): Take argument AUTO_TYPE_OK.
	(c_parser_declaration_or_fndef, c_parser_struct_declaration)
	(c_parser_declarator, c_parser_direct_declarator_inner)
	(c_parser_parameter_declaration, c_parser_type_name): All callers
	changed.
	(c_parser_declaration_or_fndef): Handle declarations with type
	determined from the initializer.

testsuite:
	* gcc.dg/atomic/stdatomic-vm.c, gcc.dg/auto-type-1.c,
	gcc.dg/auto-type-2.c: New tests.

From-SVN: r204731

1 files changed, 30 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/gcc/doc/extend.texi b/gcc/doc/extend.texi
index 2132b1e..599dee3 100644
--- a/gcc/doc/extend.texi
+++ b/gcc/doc/extend.texi
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ the value of an enumeration constant, the width of a bit-field, or
 the initial value of a static variable.
 
 If you don't know the type of the operand, you can still do this, but you
-must use @code{typeof} (@pxref{Typeof}).
+must use @code{typeof} or @code{__auto_type} (@pxref{Typeof}).
 
 In G++, the result value of a statement expression undergoes array and
 function pointer decay, and is returned by value to the enclosing
@@ -755,6 +755,35 @@ Thus, @code{array (pointer (char), 4)} is the type of arrays of 4
 pointers to @code{char}.
 @end itemize
 
+In GNU C, but not GNU C++, you may also declare the type of a variable
+as @code{__auto_type}.  In that case, the declaration must declare
+only one variable, whose declarator must just be an identifier, the
+declaration must be initialized, and the type of the variable is
+determined by the initializer; the name of the variable is not in
+scope until after the initializer.  (In C++, you should use C++11
+@code{auto} for this purpose.)  Using @code{__auto_type}, the
+``maximum'' macro above could be written as:
+
+@smallexample
+#define max(a,b) \
+  (@{ __auto_type _a = (a); \
+      __auto_type _b = (b); \
+    _a > _b ? _a : _b; @})
+@end smallexample
+
+Using @code{__auto_type} instead of @code{typeof} has two advantages:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item Each argument to the macro appears only once in the expansion of
+the macro.  This prevents the size of the macro expansion growing
+exponentially when calls to such macros are nested inside arguments of
+such macros.
+
+@item If the argument to the macro has variably modified type, it is
+evaluated only once when using @code{__auto_type}, but twice if
+@code{typeof} is used.
+@end itemize
+
 @emph{Compatibility Note:} In addition to @code{typeof}, GCC 2 supported
 a more limited extension that permitted one to write