gengtype.c (create_option): New function.

	* gengtype.c (create_option): New function.
	* gengtype.h: Prototype it.
	* gengtype-yacc.y (stringseq): New rule.
	(option): Use create_option.  Add new bare ID production.  Use
	stringseq, not STRING directly.

	* alias.c, bitmap.c, c-decl.c, cgraph.h, cpplib.h, cselib.h
	* dwarf2out.c, emit-rtl.c, function.h, lists.c, tree.h
	* varray.h, config/alpha/alpha.c, cp/name-lookup.c, cp/parser.c
	* f/com.c, java/builtins.c, java/expr.c, java/jcf.h, java/parse.h:
	Use new shorter form of GTY markers.

	* doc/gty.texi: Rewrite.

From-SVN: r80091

28 files changed, 295 insertions, 191 deletions

diff --git a/gcc/ChangeLog b/gcc/ChangeLog
index 2ef0348..7500a8c 100644
--- a/gcc/ChangeLog
+++ b/gcc/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,18 @@
+2004-03-30  Zack Weinberg  <zack@codesourcery.com>
+
+	* gengtype.c (create_option): New function.
+	* gengtype.h: Prototype it.
+	* gengtype-yacc.y (stringseq): New rule.
+	(option): Use create_option.  Add new bare ID production.  Use
+	stringseq, not STRING directly.
+
+	* alias.c, bitmap.c, c-decl.c, cgraph.h, cpplib.h, cselib.h
+	* dwarf2out.c, emit-rtl.c, function.h, lists.c, tree.h
+	* varray.h, config/alpha/alpha.c:
+	Use new shorter form of GTY markers.
+
+	* doc/gty.texi: Rewrite.
+
 2004-03-30  Andrew Pinski  <pinskia@physics.uc.edu>
 
 	* config/darwin.c (machopic_function_base_name):
@@ -16,27 +31,27 @@
 
 2004-03-30  Hartmut Penner  <hpenner@de.ibm.com>
 
-        * config/rs6000/rs6000.c (output_vec_const_move):
-        Find all cases of EASY_VECTOR_15_ADD_SELF.
-        (easy_vector_constant_add_self): Accept
-        all vector constant loadable by vsplt* and vadd*.
+	* config/rs6000/rs6000.c (output_vec_const_move):
+	Find all cases of EASY_VECTOR_15_ADD_SELF.
+	(easy_vector_constant_add_self): Accept
+	all vector constant loadable by vsplt* and vadd*.
 	(easy_vector_same): Use easy_vector_splat_const.
 	(easy_vector_const): Use easy_vector_splat_const.
-        (easy_vector_splat_const): New function.
+	(easy_vector_splat_const): New function.
 	(gen_easy_vector_constant_add_self): New function.
-	
+
 	* config/rs6000/rs6000-protos.c (gen_easy_vector_constant_add_self):
 	New prototype.
 
-        * config/rs6000/altivec.md (movv4si splitter): Change to
+	* config/rs6000/altivec.md (movv4si splitter): Change to
 	emit move insn with halfed vector constant.
 	(*movv8hi splitter): Likewise.
 	(*movv16qi splitter): Likewise.
-    	
+
 2004-03-30  Hartmut Penner  <hpenner@de.ibm.com>
 
-	PR 11591	
-	* config/rs6000/rs6000.c (rs6000_legitimate_address): 
+	PR 11591
+	* config/rs6000/rs6000.c (rs6000_legitimate_address):
 	Allow any offset to argument pointer in no-strict case.
 
 2004-03-30  Jan Hubicka  <jh@suse.cz>
diff --git a/gcc/alias.c b/gcc/alias.c
index f2bf806..46d1dca 100644
--- a/gcc/alias.c
+++ b/gcc/alias.c
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ static rtx *new_reg_base_value;
 /* We preserve the copy of old array around to avoid amount of garbage
    produced.  About 8% of garbage produced were attributed to this
    array.  */
-static GTY((deletable (""))) varray_type old_reg_base_value;
+static GTY((deletable)) varray_type old_reg_base_value;
 
 /* Static hunks of RTL used by the aliasing code; these are initialized
    once per function to avoid unnecessary RTL allocations.  */
diff --git a/gcc/bitmap.c b/gcc/bitmap.c
index bffd915..70e0a93 100644
--- a/gcc/bitmap.c
+++ b/gcc/bitmap.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ static int bitmap_obstack_init = FALSE;
 /* Global data */
 bitmap_element bitmap_zero_bits;	/* An element of all zero bits.  */
 static bitmap_element *bitmap_free;	/* Freelist of bitmap elements.  */
-static GTY((deletable (""))) bitmap_element *bitmap_ggc_free;
+static GTY((deletable)) bitmap_element *bitmap_ggc_free;
 
 static void bitmap_elem_to_freelist (bitmap, bitmap_element *);
 static void bitmap_element_free (bitmap, bitmap_element *);
diff --git a/gcc/c-decl.c b/gcc/c-decl.c
index 05bc8be..a2cd9cb5 100644
--- a/gcc/c-decl.c
+++ b/gcc/c-decl.c
@@ -317,11 +317,11 @@ static GTY(()) struct c_scope *external_scope;
 
 /* A chain of c_scope structures awaiting reuse.  */
 
-static GTY((deletable (""))) struct c_scope *scope_freelist;
+static GTY((deletable)) struct c_scope *scope_freelist;
 
 /* A chain of c_binding structures awaiting reuse.  */
 
-static GTY((deletable (""))) struct c_binding *binding_freelist;
+static GTY((deletable)) struct c_binding *binding_freelist;
 
 /* Append VAR to LIST in scope SCOPE.  */
 #define SCOPE_LIST_APPEND(scope, list, decl) do {	\
diff --git a/gcc/cgraph.h b/gcc/cgraph.h
index b845ef7..adbac3b 100644
--- a/gcc/cgraph.h
+++ b/gcc/cgraph.h
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ struct cgraph_node GTY((chain_next ("%h.next"), chain_prev ("%h.previous")))
   struct cgraph_node *next_nested;
   /* Pointer to the next function in cgraph_nodes_queue.  */
   struct cgraph_node *next_needed;
-  PTR GTY ((skip (""))) aux;
+  PTR GTY ((skip)) aux;
 
   struct cgraph_local_info local;
   struct cgraph_global_info global;
diff --git a/gcc/config/alpha/alpha.c b/gcc/config/alpha/alpha.c
index c9a87eb..b37b311 100644
--- a/gcc/config/alpha/alpha.c
+++ b/gcc/config/alpha/alpha.c
@@ -3567,8 +3567,8 @@ alpha_split_conditional_move (enum rtx_code code, rtx dest, rtx cond,
 struct xfloating_op GTY(())
 {
   const enum rtx_code code;
-  const char *const GTY((skip(""))) osf_func;
-  const char *const GTY((skip(""))) vms_func;
+  const char *const GTY((skip)) osf_func;
+  const char *const GTY((skip)) vms_func;
   rtx libcall;
 };
 
diff --git a/gcc/cp/ChangeLog b/gcc/cp/ChangeLog
index 28ac751..6e3f71a 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/ChangeLog
+++ b/gcc/cp/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2004-03-30  Zack Weinberg  <zack@codesourcery.com>
+
+	* name-lookup.c, parser.c: Use new shorter form of GTY markers.
+
 2004-03-29  Zack Weinberg  <zack@codesourcery.com>
 
 	* error.c (dump_function_name): If T's DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC
diff --git a/gcc/cp/name-lookup.c b/gcc/cp/name-lookup.c
index a235742..612a7c1 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/name-lookup.c
+++ b/gcc/cp/name-lookup.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ GTY(()) tree anonymous_namespace_name;
 
 /* A free list of "binding_entry"s awaiting for re-use.  */
 
-static GTY((deletable(""))) binding_entry free_binding_entry = NULL;
+static GTY((deletable)) binding_entry free_binding_entry = NULL;
 
 /* Create a binding_entry object for (NAME, TYPE).  */
 
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ binding_table_foreach (binding_table table, bt_foreach_proc proc, void *data)
 
 /* A free list of "cxx_binding"s, connected by their PREVIOUS.  */
 
-static GTY((deletable (""))) cxx_binding *free_bindings;
+static GTY((deletable)) cxx_binding *free_bindings;
 
 /* Zero out a cxx_binding pointed to by B.  */
 #define cxx_binding_clear(B) memset ((B), 0, sizeof (cxx_binding))
@@ -1232,7 +1232,7 @@ namespace_scope_ht_size (tree ns)
 
 /* A chain of binding_level structures awaiting reuse.  */
 
-static GTY((deletable (""))) struct cp_binding_level *free_binding_level;
+static GTY((deletable)) struct cp_binding_level *free_binding_level;
 
 /* Create a new KIND scope and make it the top of the active scopes stack.
    ENTITY is the scope of the associated C++ entity (namespace, class,
diff --git a/gcc/cp/parser.c b/gcc/cp/parser.c
index e58fda4..a7f49e0 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/parser.c
+++ b/gcc/cp/parser.c
@@ -167,19 +167,19 @@ typedef struct cp_lexer GTY (())
   /* The memory allocated for the buffer.  Never NULL.  */
   cp_token * GTY ((length ("(%h.buffer_end - %h.buffer)"))) buffer;
   /* A pointer just past the end of the memory allocated for the buffer.  */
-  cp_token * GTY ((skip (""))) buffer_end;
+  cp_token * GTY ((skip)) buffer_end;
   /* The first valid token in the buffer, or NULL if none.  */
-  cp_token * GTY ((skip (""))) first_token;
+  cp_token * GTY ((skip)) first_token;
   /* The next available token.  If NEXT_TOKEN is NULL, then there are
      no more available tokens.  */
-  cp_token * GTY ((skip (""))) next_token;
+  cp_token * GTY ((skip)) next_token;
   /* A pointer just past the last available token.  If FIRST_TOKEN is
      NULL, however, there are no available tokens, and then this
      location is simply the place in which the next token read will be
      placed.  If LAST_TOKEN == FIRST_TOKEN, then the buffer is full.
      When the LAST_TOKEN == BUFFER, then the last token is at the
      highest memory address in the BUFFER.  */
-  cp_token * GTY ((skip (""))) last_token;
+  cp_token * GTY ((skip)) last_token;
 
   /* A stack indicating positions at which cp_lexer_save_tokens was
      called.  The top entry is the most recent position at which we
@@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@ static cp_parser_context *cp_parser_context_new
 
 /* Class variables.  */
 
-static GTY((deletable (""))) cp_parser_context* cp_parser_context_free_list;
+static GTY((deletable)) cp_parser_context* cp_parser_context_free_list;
 
 /* Constructors and destructors.  */
 
diff --git a/gcc/cpplib.h b/gcc/cpplib.h
index c53375d..905ca5d 100644
--- a/gcc/cpplib.h
+++ b/gcc/cpplib.h
@@ -508,9 +508,9 @@ struct cpp_hashnode GTY(())
   union _cpp_hashnode_value
   {
     /* If a macro.  */
-    cpp_macro * GTY((skip (""))) macro;
+    cpp_macro * GTY((skip)) macro;
     /* Answers to an assertion.  */
-    struct answer * GTY ((skip (""))) answers;
+    struct answer * GTY ((skip)) answers;
     /* Code for a builtin macro.  */
     enum builtin_type GTY ((tag ("1"))) builtin;
     /* Macro argument index.  */
diff --git a/gcc/cselib.h b/gcc/cselib.h
index 3dea471a..1efbaa7 100644
--- a/gcc/cselib.h
+++ b/gcc/cselib.h
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ typedef struct cselib_val_struct GTY(())
     /* A VALUE rtx that points back to this structure.  */
     rtx GTY ((tag ("1"))) val_rtx;
     /* Used to keep a list of free cselib_val structures.  */
-    struct cselib_val_struct * GTY ((skip (""))) next_free;
+    struct cselib_val_struct * GTY ((skip)) next_free;
   } GTY ((desc ("1"))) u;
 
   /* All rtl expressions that hold this value at the current time during a
diff --git a/gcc/doc/gty.texi b/gcc/doc/gty.texi
index 2dc5b86..05d9b9e 100644
--- a/gcc/doc/gty.texi
+++ b/gcc/doc/gty.texi
@@ -13,37 +13,26 @@ involve determining information about GCC's data structures from GCC's
 source code and using this information to perform garbage collection and
 implement precompiled headers.
 
-A full C parser would be too overcomplicated for this task, so a limited
+A full C parser would be too complicated for this task, so a limited
 subset of C is interpreted and special markers are used to determine
-what parts of the source to look at.  The parser can also detect
-simple typedefs of the form @code{typedef struct ID1 *ID2;} and
-@code{typedef int ID3;}, and these don't need to be specially marked.
-
-The two forms that do need to be marked are:
-@verbatim
-struct ID1 GTY(([options]))
-{
-  [fields]
-};
-
-typedef struct ID2 GTY(([options]))
-{
-  [fields]
-} ID3;
-@end verbatim
-
-@menu
-* GTY Options::		What goes inside a @code{GTY(())}.
-* GGC Roots::		Making global variables GGC roots.
-* Files::		How the generated files work.
-@end menu
-
-@node GTY Options
-@section The Inside of a @code{GTY(())}
+what parts of the source to look at.  All @code{struct} and
+@code{union} declarations that define data structures that are
+allocated under control of the garbage collector must be marked.  All
+global variables that hold pointers to garbage-collected memory must
+also be marked.  Finally, all global variables that need to be saved
+and restored by a precompiled header must be marked.  (The precompiled
+header mechanism can only save static variables if they're scalar.
+Complex data structures must be allocated in garbage-collected memory
+to be saved in a precompiled header.)
+
+The full format of a marker is
+@smallexample
+GTY (([@var{option}] [(@var{param})], [@var{option}] [(@var{param})] @dots{}))
+@end smallexample
+@noindent
+but in most cases no options are needed.  The outer double parentheses
+are still necessary, though: @code{GTY(())}.  Markers can appear:
 
-Sometimes the C code is not enough to fully describe the type structure.
-Extra information can be provided by using more @code{GTY} markers.
-These markers can be placed:
 @itemize @bullet
 @item
 In a structure definition, before the open brace;
@@ -54,46 +43,104 @@ In a global variable declaration, after the keyword @code{static} or
 In a structure field definition, before the name of the field.
 @end itemize
 
-The format of a marker is
-@verbatim
-GTY (([name] ([param]), [name] ([param]) ...))
-@end verbatim
-The parameter is either a string or a type name.
+Here are some examples of marking simple data structures and globals.
+
+@smallexample
+struct @var{tag} GTY(())
+@{
+  @var{fields}@dots{}
+@};
+
+typedef struct @var{tag} GTY(())
+@{
+  @var{fields}@dots{}
+@} *@var{typename};
+
+static GTY(()) struct @var{tag} *@var{list};   /* @r{points to GC memory} */
+static GTY(()) int @var{counter};        /* @r{save counter in a PCH} */
+@end smallexample
+
+The parser understands simple typedefs such as
+@code{typedef struct @var{tag} *@var{name};} and 
+@code{typedef int @var{name};}.
+These don't need to be marked.
+
+@menu
+* GTY Options::		What goes inside a @code{GTY(())}.
+* GGC Roots::		Making global variables GGC roots.
+* Files::		How the generated files work.
+@end menu
+
+@node GTY Options
+@section The Inside of a @code{GTY(())}
+
+Sometimes the C code is not enough to fully describe the type
+structure.  Extra information can be provided with @code{GTY} options
+and additional markers.  Some options take a parameter, which may be
+either a string or a type name, depending on the parameter.  If an
+option takes no parameter, it is acceptable either to omit the
+parameter entirely, or to provide an empty string as a parameter.  For
+example, @code{@w{GTY ((skip))}} and @code{@w{GTY ((skip ("")))}} are
+equivalent.
 
-When the parameter is a string, often it is a fragment of C code.  Three
-special escapes may be available:
+When the parameter is a string, often it is a fragment of C code.  Four
+special escapes may be used in these strings, to refer to pieces of
+the data structure being marked:
 
 @cindex % in GTY option
 @table @code
 @item %h
-This expands to an expression that evaluates to the current structure.
+The current structure.
 @item %1
-This expands to an expression that evaluates to the structure that
-immediately contains the current structure.
+The structure that immediately contains the current structure.
 @item %0
-This expands to an expression that evaluates to the outermost structure
-that contains the current structure.
+The outermost structure that contains the current structure.
 @item %a
-This expands to the string of the form @code{[i1][i2]...} that indexes
-the array item currently being marked.  For instance, if the field
-being marked is @code{foo}, then @code{%1.foo%a} is the same as @code{%h}.
+A partial expression of the form @code{[i1][i2]...} that indexes
+the array item currently being marked.
 @end table
 
+For instance, suppose that you have a structure of the form
+@smallexample
+struct A @{
+  ...
+@};
+struct B @{
+  struct A foo[12];
+@};
+@end smallexample
+@noindent
+and @code{b} is a variable of type @code{struct B}.  When marking
+@samp{b.foo[11]}, @code{%h} would expand to @samp{b.foo[11]},
+@code{%0} and @code{%1} would both expand to @samp{b}, and @code{%a}
+would expand to @samp{[11]}.
+
+As in ordinary C, adjacent strings will be concatenated; this is
+helpful when you have a complicated expression.
+@smallexample
+@group
+GTY ((chain_next ("TREE_CODE (&%h.generic) == INTEGER_TYPE"
+                  " ? TYPE_NEXT_VARIANT (&%h.generic)"
+                  " : TREE_CHAIN (&%h.generic)")))
+@end group
+@end smallexample
+
 The available options are:
 
 @table @code
 @findex length
-@item length
+@item length ("@var{expression}")
 
 There are two places the type machinery will need to be explicitly told
 the length of an array.  The first case is when a structure ends in a
 variable-length array, like this:
-@verbatim
-struct rtvec_def GTY(()) {
-  int num_elem;		/* number of elements */
+@smallexample
+struct rtvec_def GTY(()) @{
+  int num_elem;		/* @r{number of elements} */
   rtx GTY ((length ("%h.num_elem"))) elem[1];
-};
-@end verbatim
+@};
+@end smallexample
+
 In this case, the @code{length} option is used to override the specified
 array length (which should usually be @code{1}).  The parameter of the
 option is a fragment of C code that calculates the length.
@@ -127,8 +174,8 @@ field really isn't ever used.
 @findex desc
 @findex tag
 @findex default
-@item desc
-@itemx tag
+@item desc ("@var{expression}")
+@itemx tag ("@var{constant}")
 @itemx default
 
 The type machinery needs to be told which field of a @code{union} is
@@ -141,8 +188,8 @@ there is one, otherwise no field in the union will be marked.
 
 In the @code{desc} option, the ``current structure'' is the union that
 it discriminates.  Use @code{%1} to mean the structure containing it.
-(There are no escapes available to the @code{tag} option, since it's
-supposed to be a constant.)
+There are no escapes available to the @code{tag} option, since it is a
+constant.
 
 For example,
 @smallexample
@@ -164,7 +211,7 @@ will treat the field @code{scope} as being present.
 
 @findex param_is
 @findex use_param
-@item param_is
+@item param_is (@var{type})
 @itemx use_param
 
 Sometimes it's convenient to define some data structure to work on
@@ -173,14 +220,23 @@ type.  @code{param_is} specifies the real type pointed to, and
 @code{use_param} says where in the generic data structure that type
 should be put.
 
-For instance, to have a @code{htab_t} that points to trees, one should write
-@verbatim
+For instance, to have a @code{htab_t} that points to trees, one would
+write the definition of @code{htab_t} like this:
+@smallexample
+typedef struct GTY(()) @{
+  @dots{}
+  void ** GTY ((use_param, @dots{})) entries;
+  @dots{}
+@} htab_t;
+@end smallexample
+and then declare variables like this:
+@smallexample
   htab_t GTY ((param_is (union tree_node))) ict;
-@end verbatim
+@end smallexample
 
 @findex param@var{n}_is
 @findex use_param@var{n}
-@item param@var{n}_is
+@item param@var{n}_is (@var{type})
 @itemx use_param@var{n}
 
 In more complicated cases, the data structure might need to work on
@@ -210,7 +266,7 @@ by this variable, it can just be set to @code{NULL} instead.  This is used
 to keep a list of free structures around for re-use.
 
 @findex if_marked
-@item if_marked
+@item if_marked ("@var{expression}")
 
 Suppose you want some kinds of object to be unique, and so you put them
 in a hash table.  If garbage collection marks the hash table, these
@@ -237,43 +293,46 @@ language frontends.
 
 @findex chain_next
 @findex chain_prev
-@item chain_next
-@itemx chain_prev
+@item chain_next ("@var{expression}")
+@itemx chain_prev ("@var{expression}")
 
 It's helpful for the type machinery to know if objects are often
 chained together in long lists; this lets it generate code that uses
 less stack space by iterating along the list instead of recursing down
 it.  @code{chain_next} is an expression for the next item in the list,
-@code{chain_prev} is an expression for the previous item.  The
-machinery requires that taking the next item of the previous item
-gives the original item.
+@code{chain_prev} is an expression for the previous item.  For singly
+linked lists, use only @code{chain_next}; for doubly linked lists, use
+both.  The machinery requires that taking the next item of the
+previous item gives the original item.
 
 @findex reorder
-@item reorder
+@item reorder ("@var{function name}")
 
 Some data structures depend on the relative ordering of pointers.  If
-the type machinery needs to change that ordering, it will call the
-function referenced by the @code{reorder} option, before changing the
-pointers in the object that's pointed to by the field the option
-applies to.  The function must be of the type @code{void ()(void *,
-void *, gt_pointer_operator, void *)}.  The second parameter is the
-pointed-to object; the third parameter is a routine that, given a
-pointer, can update it to its new value.  The fourth parameter is a
-cookie to be passed to the third parameter.  The first parameter is
-the structure that contains the object, or the object itself if it is
-a structure.
-
-No data structure may depend on the absolute value of pointers.  Even
-relying on relative orderings and using @code{reorder} functions can
-be expensive.  It is better to depend on properties of the data, like
-an ID number or the hash of a string instead.
+the precompiled header machinery needs to change that ordering, it
+will call the function referenced by the @code{reorder} option, before
+changing the pointers in the object that's pointed to by the field the
+option applies to.  The function must take four arguments, with the
+signature @samp{@w{void *, void *, gt_pointer_operator, void *}}.
+The first parameter is a pointer to the structure that contains the
+object being updated, or the object itself if there is no containing
+structure.  The second parameter is a cookie that should be ignored.
+The third parameter is a routine that, given a pointer, will update it
+to its correct new value.  The fourth parameter is a cookie that must
+be passed to the second parameter.
+
+PCH cannot handle data structures that depend on the absolute values
+of pointers.  @code{reorder} functions can be expensive.  When
+possible, it is better to depend on properties of the data, like an ID
+number or the hash of a string instead.
 
 @findex special
-@item special
-
-The @code{special} option is used for those bizarre cases that are just
-too hard to deal with otherwise.  Don't use it for new code.
+@item special ("@var{name}")
 
+The @code{special} option is used to mark types that have to be dealt
+with by special case machinery.  The parameter is the name of the
+special case.  See @file{gengtype.c} for further details.  Avoid
+adding new special cases unless there is no other alternative.
 @end table
 
 @node GGC Roots
@@ -282,36 +341,40 @@ too hard to deal with otherwise.  Don't use it for new code.
 @cindex marking roots
 
 In addition to keeping track of types, the type machinery also locates
-the global variables that the garbage collector starts at.  There are
-two syntaxes it accepts to indicate a root:
+the global variables (@dfn{roots}) that the garbage collector starts
+at.  Roots must be declared using one of the following syntaxes:
 
-@enumerate
+@itemize @bullet
 @item
-@verb{|extern GTY (([options])) [type] ID;|}
+@code{extern GTY(([@var{options}])) @var{type} @var{name};}
 @item
-@verb{|static GTY (([options])) [type] ID;|}
-@end enumerate
-
-These are the only syntaxes that are accepted.  In particular, if you
-want to mark a variable that is only declared as
-@verbatim
-int ID;
-@end verbatim
-or similar, you should either make it @code{static} or you should create
-a @code{extern} declaration in a header file somewhere.
+@code{static GTY(([@var{options}])) @var{type} @var{name};}
+@end itemize
+@noindent
+The syntax
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+@code{GTY(([@var{options}])) @var{type} @var{name};}
+@end itemize
+@noindent
+is @emph{not} accepted.  There should be an @code{extern} declaration
+of such a variable in a header somewhere---mark that, not the
+definition.  Or, if the variable is only used in one file, make it
+@code{static}.
 
 @node Files
 @section Source Files Containing Type Information
 @cindex generated files
 @cindex files, generated
 
-Whenever you add @code{GTY} markers to a new source file, there are three
-things you need to do:
+Whenever you add @code{GTY} markers to a source file that previously
+had none, or create a new source file containing @code{GTY} markers,
+there are three things you need to do:
 
 @enumerate
 @item
 You need to add the file to the list of source files the type
-machinery scans.  There are three cases:
+machinery scans.  There are four cases:
 
 @enumerate a
 @item
@@ -320,19 +383,18 @@ automatically; if not, you should add it to @code{target_gtfiles} in
 the appropriate port's entries in @file{config.gcc}.
 
 @item
-For files shared by all front ends, this is done by adding the
-filename to the @code{GTFILES} variable in @file{Makefile.in}.
+For files shared by all front ends, add the filename to the
+@code{GTFILES} variable in @file{Makefile.in}.
 
 @item
-For any other file used by a front end, this is done by adding the
-filename to the @code{gtfiles} variable defined in
+For files that are part of one front end, add the filename to the
+@code{gtfiles} variable defined in the appropriate
 @file{config-lang.in}.  For C, the file is @file{c-config-lang.in}.
-This list should include all files that have GTY macros in them that
-are used in that front end, other than those defined in the previous
-list items.  For example, it is common for front end writers to use
-@file{c-common.c} and other files from the C front end, and these
-should be included in the @file{gtfiles} variable for such front ends.
 
+@item
+For files that are part of some but not all front ends, add the
+filename to the @code{gtfiles} variable of @emph{all} the front ends
+that use it.
 @end enumerate
 
 @item
diff --git a/gcc/dwarf2out.c b/gcc/dwarf2out.c
index 4a17453..9181546 100644
--- a/gcc/dwarf2out.c
+++ b/gcc/dwarf2out.c
@@ -2419,7 +2419,7 @@ typedef struct dw_val_struct GTY(())
       unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT GTY ((tag ("dw_val_class_offset"))) val_offset;
       dw_loc_list_ref GTY ((tag ("dw_val_class_loc_list"))) val_loc_list;
       dw_loc_descr_ref GTY ((tag ("dw_val_class_loc"))) val_loc;
-      HOST_WIDE_INT GTY ((default (""))) val_int;
+      HOST_WIDE_INT GTY ((default)) val_int;
       unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT GTY ((tag ("dw_val_class_unsigned_const"))) val_unsigned;
       dw_long_long_const GTY ((tag ("dw_val_class_long_long"))) val_long_long;
       dw_vec_const GTY ((tag ("dw_val_class_vec"))) val_vec;
diff --git a/gcc/emit-rtl.c b/gcc/emit-rtl.c
index cb6f4cb..399bf23 100644
--- a/gcc/emit-rtl.c
+++ b/gcc/emit-rtl.c
@@ -4751,7 +4751,7 @@ emit (rtx x)
 }
 
 /* Space for free sequence stack entries.  */
-static GTY ((deletable (""))) struct sequence_stack *free_sequence_stack;
+static GTY ((deletable)) struct sequence_stack *free_sequence_stack;
 
 /* Begin emitting insns to a sequence which can be packaged in an
    RTL_EXPR.  If this sequence will contain something that might cause
@@ -5483,7 +5483,7 @@ emit_copy_of_insn_after (rtx insn, rtx after)
   return new;
 }
 
-static GTY((deletable(""))) rtx hard_reg_clobbers [NUM_MACHINE_MODES][FIRST_PSEUDO_REGISTER];
+static GTY((deletable)) rtx hard_reg_clobbers [NUM_MACHINE_MODES][FIRST_PSEUDO_REGISTER];
 rtx
 gen_hard_reg_clobber (enum machine_mode mode, unsigned int regno)
 {
diff --git a/gcc/f/ChangeLog b/gcc/f/ChangeLog
index 18c33b7..c2eefad 100644
--- a/gcc/f/ChangeLog
+++ b/gcc/f/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2004-03-30  Zack Weinberg  <zack@codesourcery.com>
+
+	* com.c: Use new shorter form of GTY markers.
+
 2004-03-21  Joseph S. Myers  <jsm@polyomino.org.uk>
 
 	* g77.texi: Update link to "G++ and GCC".
@@ -13,12 +17,12 @@
 	ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/g77/projects/.
 	(Trouble): Remove obsolete paragraph including a broken link to
 	ftp://alpha.gnu.org/g77.plan.
-	
+
 	* invoke.texi (Overall Options): Remove broken reference to
 	rat7.uue (which was of dubious copyright status anyways).
 
 	* root.texi (www-burley): Fix URL.
-	
+
 2004-02-29  Roger Sayle  <roger@eyesopen.com>
 
 	* parse.c (ffe_parse_file): Handle the case that main_input_filename
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@
 
 2004-01-30  Kelley Cook  <kcook@gcc.gnu.org>
 
-	* Make-lang.in (doc/g77.dvi): Use $(abs_docdir). 
+	* Make-lang.in (doc/g77.dvi): Use $(abs_docdir).
 
 2004-01-28  Ian Lance Taylor  <ian@wasabisystems.com>
 
diff --git a/gcc/f/com.c b/gcc/f/com.c
index ebfce0a..e81d844 100644
--- a/gcc/f/com.c
+++ b/gcc/f/com.c
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ static GTY(()) struct f_binding_level *current_binding_level;
 
 /* A chain of binding_level structures awaiting reuse.  */
 
-static GTY((deletable (""))) struct f_binding_level *free_binding_level;
+static GTY((deletable)) struct f_binding_level *free_binding_level;
 
 /* The outermost binding level, for names of file scope.
    This is created when the compiler is started and exists
diff --git a/gcc/function.h b/gcc/function.h
index 1e5c56f..c61944a 100644
--- a/gcc/function.h
+++ b/gcc/function.h
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ struct function GTY(())
   /* For md files.  */
 
   /* tm.h can use this to store whatever it likes.  */
-  struct machine_function * GTY ((maybe_undef (""))) machine;
+  struct machine_function * GTY ((maybe_undef)) machine;
   /* The largest alignment of slot allocated on the stack.  */
   int stack_alignment_needed;
   /* Preferred alignment of the end of stack frame.  */
diff --git a/gcc/gengtype-yacc.y b/gcc/gengtype-yacc.y
index 928c962..18b65f1 100644
--- a/gcc/gengtype-yacc.y
+++ b/gcc/gengtype-yacc.y
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
 %type <p> struct_fields yacc_ids yacc_typematch
 %type <t> type lasttype
 %type <o> optionsopt options option optionseq optionseqopt
-%type <s> type_option
+%type <s> type_option stringseq
 
 %%
 
@@ -268,21 +268,12 @@ type_option : ALIAS
 	        { $$ = $1; }
 	      ;
 
-option:	type_option '(' type ')'
-	   {
-	     options_p o = xmalloc (sizeof (*o));
-	     o->name = $1;
-	     o->info = adjust_field_type ($3, NULL);
-	     $$ = o;
-	   }
-	| ID '(' STRING ')'
-	   {
-	     options_p o = xmalloc (sizeof (*o));
-	     o->name = $1;
-	     o->info = (void *)$3;
-	     $$ = o;
-	   }
-	;
+option:   ID
+	    { $$ = create_option ($1, (void *)""); }
+        | ID '(' stringseq ')'
+            { $$ = create_option ($1, (void *)$3); }
+	| type_option '(' type ')'
+	    { $$ = create_option ($1, adjust_field_type ($3, NULL)); }
 
 optionseq: option
 	      {
@@ -299,4 +290,16 @@ optionseq: option
 optionseqopt: { $$ = NULL; }
 	      | optionseq { $$ = $1; }
 	      ;
+
+stringseq: STRING
+	     { $$ = $1; }
+	   | stringseq STRING
+	     {
+	       size_t l1 = strlen ($1);
+	       size_t l2 = strlen ($2);
+	       char *s = xrealloc ((char *)$1, l1 + l2 + 1);
+	       memcpy (s + l1, $2, l2 + 1);
+	       free ((void *)$2);
+	       $$ = s;
+	     }
 %%
diff --git a/gcc/gengtype.c b/gcc/gengtype.c
index 86286c7..1bad8e4 100644
--- a/gcc/gengtype.c
+++ b/gcc/gengtype.c
@@ -308,6 +308,16 @@ create_array (type_p t, const char *len)
   return v;
 }
 
+/* Return an options structure with name NAME and info INFO.  */
+options_p
+create_option (const char *name, void *info)
+{
+  options_p o = xmalloc (sizeof (*o));
+  o->name = name;
+  o->info = info;
+  return o;
+}
+
 /* Add a variable named S of type T with options O defined at POS,
    to `variables'.  */
 
diff --git a/gcc/gengtype.h b/gcc/gengtype.h
index 5fa7550..55ece115 100644
--- a/gcc/gengtype.h
+++ b/gcc/gengtype.h
@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ extern type_p find_structure (const char *s, int isunion);
 extern type_p create_scalar_type (const char *name, size_t name_len);
 extern type_p create_pointer (type_p t);
 extern type_p create_array (type_p t, const char *len);
+extern options_p create_option (const char *name, void *info);
 extern type_p adjust_field_type (type_p, options_p);
 extern void note_variable (const char *s, type_p t, options_p o,
 			   struct fileloc *pos);
diff --git a/gcc/java/ChangeLog b/gcc/java/ChangeLog
index 7cb754c..3843f9d 100644
--- a/gcc/java/ChangeLog
+++ b/gcc/java/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+2004-03-30  Zack Weinberg  <zack@codesourcery.com>
+
+	* builtins.c, expr.c, jcf.h, parse.h: Use new shorter
+	form of GTY markers.
+
 2004-03-25  Marcus Meissner  <meissner@suse.de>
 
 	PR java/14689:
@@ -38,7 +43,7 @@
 	* lang.c (java_handle_option):  Handle new options.
 	* parse.y (build_incomplete_class_ref):  Handle class$ in an inner
 	class in an interface - create helper class nested in outer interface.
-        (build_assertion):  Short-circuit if enable_assertions is false.
+	(build_assertion):  Short-circuit if enable_assertions is false.
 
 2004-03-18  Richard Kenner <kenner@vlsi1.ultra.nyu.edu>
 
@@ -93,7 +98,7 @@
 	!METHOD_INVISIBLE (iface_method).
 	* class.c (layout_class_methods): Check for CLASS_INTERFACE as
 	well as CLASS_ABSTRACT.
-	
+
 2004-02-25  Per Bothner  <per@bothner.com>
 
 	* parse.y (build_assertion):  If we're in an inner class, create the
@@ -176,7 +181,7 @@
 
 2004-01-30  Kelley Cook  <kcook@gcc.gnu.org>
 
-	* Make-lang.in (doc/gcj.dvi): Use $(abs_docdir). 
+	* Make-lang.in (doc/gcj.dvi): Use $(abs_docdir).
 
 2004-01-28  Andrew Pinski  <pinskia@physics.uc.edu>
 
@@ -204,11 +209,11 @@
 	* Make-lang.in: Replace $(docdir) with doc.
 	(java.info, java.srcinfo, java.man, java.srcman): New rules.
 	(java.install-man): Revamp rule.
-	
+
 2004-01-20  Kelley Cook  <kcook@gcc.gnu.org>
 
-	* Make-lang.in (JAVA_INSTALL_NAME, JAVA_TARGET_INSTALL_NAME, 
-	GCJH_TARGET_INSTALL_NAME): Define via a immediate $(shell) 
+	* Make-lang.in (JAVA_INSTALL_NAME, JAVA_TARGET_INSTALL_NAME,
+	GCJH_TARGET_INSTALL_NAME): Define via a immediate $(shell)
 	instead of deferred backquote.
 
 2004-01-16  Andrew Pinski  <pinskia@physics.uc.edu>
@@ -264,7 +269,7 @@
 	using indirect dis[atch.
 	(java_decl_ok_for_sibcall): Use output_class, not current_class.
 	(java_get_callee_fndecl): Use class local atable.
-	* jcf-parse.c 
+	* jcf-parse.c
 	(always_initialize_class_p): Decl moved to java-tree.h.
 	(HANDLE_CLASS_INFO): Set output_class.
 	(read_class): Likewise.
@@ -312,13 +317,13 @@
 	Make otable, atable, and ctable class local rather than global.
 	(emit_catch_table): Make otable, atable, and ctable class local
 	rather than global.
-		
+
 2003-12-25  Andrew Pinski  <pinskia@physics.uc.edu>
 
 	* parse.y (catch_clause_parameter): Fix typo.
 
 	PR java/13404
-	* parse.y: (catch_clause_parameter): Return early if $3, aka 
+	* parse.y: (catch_clause_parameter): Return early if $3, aka
 	formal_parameter, is null.
 
 2003-12-20  Kazu Hirata  <kazu@cs.umass.edu>
diff --git a/gcc/java/builtins.c b/gcc/java/builtins.c
index 65fb3e2..563bd8d 100644
--- a/gcc/java/builtins.c
+++ b/gcc/java/builtins.c
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ struct builtin_record GTY(())
 {
   union string_or_tree GTY ((desc ("1"))) class_name;
   union string_or_tree GTY ((desc ("1"))) method_name;
-  builtin_creator_function * GTY((skip (""))) creator;
+  builtin_creator_function * GTY((skip)) creator;
   enum built_in_function builtin_code;
 };
 
diff --git a/gcc/java/expr.c b/gcc/java/expr.c
index a4356eb..95c3b69 100644
--- a/gcc/java/expr.c
+++ b/gcc/java/expr.c
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ int always_initialize_class_p;
 static GTY(()) tree quick_stack;
 
 /* A free-list of unused permanent TREE_LIST nodes.  */
-static GTY((deletable (""))) tree tree_list_free_list;
+static GTY((deletable)) tree tree_list_free_list;
 
 /* The stack pointer of the Java virtual machine.
    This does include the size of the quick_stack. */
diff --git a/gcc/java/jcf.h b/gcc/java/jcf.h
index b7a6f38..27e0761 100644
--- a/gcc/java/jcf.h
+++ b/gcc/java/jcf.h
@@ -102,19 +102,19 @@ struct ZipDirectory;
 /* JCF encapsulates the state of reading a Java Class File. */
 
 typedef struct JCF GTY(()) {
-  unsigned char * GTY ((skip (""))) buffer;
-  unsigned char * GTY ((skip (""))) buffer_end;
-  unsigned char * GTY ((skip (""))) read_ptr;
-  unsigned char * GTY ((skip (""))) read_end;
+  unsigned char * GTY ((skip)) buffer;
+  unsigned char * GTY ((skip)) buffer_end;
+  unsigned char * GTY ((skip)) read_ptr;
+  unsigned char * GTY ((skip)) read_end;
   int java_source : 1;
   int right_zip : 1;
   int finished : 1;
   jcf_filbuf_t filbuf;
-  PTR GTY ((skip (""))) read_state;
+  PTR GTY ((skip)) read_state;
   const char *filename;
   const char *classname;
   /* Directory entry where it was found.  */
-  struct ZipDirectory * GTY ((skip (""))) zipd;
+  struct ZipDirectory * GTY ((skip)) zipd;
   JCF_u2 access_flags;
   JCF_u2 this_class;
   JCF_u2 super_class;
diff --git a/gcc/java/parse.h b/gcc/java/parse.h
index f845ce2..bedf706 100644
--- a/gcc/java/parse.h
+++ b/gcc/java/parse.h
@@ -728,10 +728,10 @@ struct parser_ctxt GTY(()) {
   const char *filename;		    /* Current filename */
   struct parser_ctxt *next;
 
-  java_lexer * GTY((skip (""))) lexer; /* Current lexer state */
+  java_lexer * GTY((skip)) lexer; /* Current lexer state */
   char marker_begining;		     /* Marker. Should be a sub-struct */
-  struct java_line * GTY ((skip (""))) p_line; /* Previous line */
-  struct java_line * GTY ((skip (""))) c_line; /* Current line */
+  struct java_line * GTY ((skip)) p_line; /* Previous line */
+  struct java_line * GTY ((skip)) c_line; /* Current line */
   java_lc elc;			     /* Error's line column info */
   int ccb_indent;		     /* Keep track of {} indent, lexer */
   int first_ccb_indent1;	     /* First { at ident level 1 */
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ struct parser_ctxt GTY(()) {
   int parser_ccb_indent;	     /* Keep track of {} indent, parser */
   int osb_depth;		     /* Current depth of [ in an expression */
   int osb_limit;		     /* Limit of this depth */
-  int * GTY ((skip (""))) osb_number; /* Keep track of ['s */
+  int * GTY ((skip)) osb_number; /* Keep track of ['s */
   int lineno;			     /* Current lineno */
   char marker_end;		     /* End marker. Should be a sub-struct */
 
@@ -774,7 +774,7 @@ struct parser_ctxt GTY(()) {
 
   /* These two lists won't survive file traversal */
   tree  class_list;		    /* List of classes in a CU */
-  jdeplist * GTY((skip (""))) classd_list; /* Classe dependencies in a CU */
+  jdeplist * GTY((skip)) classd_list; /* Classe dependencies in a CU */
   
   tree  current_parsed_class;	    /* Class currently parsed */
   tree  current_parsed_class_un;    /* Curr. parsed class unqualified name */
diff --git a/gcc/lists.c b/gcc/lists.c
index 1e4a57a..c36e8cf 100644
--- a/gcc/lists.c
+++ b/gcc/lists.c
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ static void free_list (rtx *, rtx *);
 /* Functions for maintaining cache-able lists of EXPR_LIST and INSN_LISTs.  */
 
 /* An INSN_LIST containing all INSN_LISTs allocated but currently unused.  */
-static GTY ((deletable (""))) rtx unused_insn_list;
+static GTY ((deletable)) rtx unused_insn_list;
 
 /* An EXPR_LIST containing all EXPR_LISTs allocated but currently unused.  */
-static GTY ((deletable (""))) rtx unused_expr_list;
+static GTY ((deletable)) rtx unused_expr_list;
 
 
 /* This function will free an entire list of either EXPR_LIST or INSN_LIST
diff --git a/gcc/tree.h b/gcc/tree.h
index 6d0813f..8af963f 100644
--- a/gcc/tree.h
+++ b/gcc/tree.h
@@ -1831,7 +1831,7 @@ struct tree_decl GTY(())
       unsigned int align : 24;
       unsigned int off_align : 8;
     } a;
-  } GTY ((skip (""))) u1;
+  } GTY ((skip)) u1;
 
   tree size_unit;
   tree name;
diff --git a/gcc/varray.h b/gcc/varray.h
index 194d10c..57a3711 100644
--- a/gcc/varray.h
+++ b/gcc/varray.h
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ typedef union varray_data_tag GTY (()) {
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_HINT")))	hint[1];
   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT  GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"),
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_UHINT")))	uhint[1];
-  PTR			  GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"), use_param (""),
+  PTR			  GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"), use_param,
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_GENERIC")))	generic[1];
   char			 *GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"),
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_CPTR")))	cptr[1];
@@ -118,11 +118,11 @@ typedef union varray_data_tag GTY (()) {
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_TREE")))	tree[1];
   struct bitmap_head_def *GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"),
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_BITMAP")))	bitmap[1];
-  struct reg_info_def	 *GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"), skip (""),
+  struct reg_info_def	 *GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"), skip,
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_REG")))	reg[1];
   struct const_equiv_data GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"),
 			tag ("VARRAY_DATA_CONST_EQUIV")))	const_equiv[1];
-  struct basic_block_def *GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"), skip (""),
+  struct basic_block_def *GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"), skip,
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_BB")))	bb[1];
   struct elt_list	 *GTY ((length ("%0.num_elements"),
 				tag ("VARRAY_DATA_TE")))	te[1];