aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/gas/config/tc-xgate.c
blob: 8dc5a563c66a4c1526c38a9cf26226fef692a978 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
/* tc-xgate.c -- Assembler code for Freescale XGATE
   Copyright (C) 2010-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   Contributed by Sean Keys <skeys@ipdatasys.com>

   This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.

   GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
   the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
   Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */

#include "as.h"
#include "safe-ctype.h"
#include "subsegs.h"
#include "opcode/xgate.h"
#include "dwarf2dbg.h"
#include "elf/xgate.h"

const char comment_chars[] = ";!";
const char line_comment_chars[] = "#*";
const char line_separator_chars[] = "";
const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dD";

/* Max opcodes per opcode handle.  */
#define MAX_OPCODES     0x05

#define SIXTEENTH_BIT		0x8000
#define N_BITS_IN_WORD		16
#define MAX_NUM_OPERANDS	3

/* #define STATE_CONDITIONAL_BRANCH		(1) */
#define STATE_PC_RELATIVE	(2)
#define REGISTER_P(ptr)		(ptr == 'r')
#define INCREMENT		01
#define DECREMENT		02
#define MAXREGISTER		07
#define MINREGISTER		00

#define OPTION_MMCU 'm'

/* This macro has no side-effects.  */
#define ENCODE_RELAX(what,length) (((what) << 2) + (length))

/* Each unique opcode name has a handle.  That handle may
   contain pointers to opcodes with the same name but
   different address modes.  */
struct xgate_opcode_handle
{
  int number_of_modes;
  char *name;
  struct xgate_opcode *opc0[MAX_OPCODES];
};

/* XGATE's registers all are 16-bit general purpose.
   They are numbered according to the specifications.  */
typedef enum register_id
{
  REG_NONE = -1,
  REG_R0 = 0,
  REG_R1 = 1,
  REG_R2 = 2,
  REG_R3 = 3,
  REG_R4 = 4,
  REG_R5 = 5,
  REG_R6 = 6,
  REG_R7 = 7,
  REG_PC = 8,
  REG_CCR = 9
} register_id;

/* Operand Modifiers */
typedef enum op_modifiers
{
  MOD_NONE = -1,
  MOD_POSTINC = 1,
  MOD_PREDEC = 2,
  MOD_CONSTANT = 3,
  MOD_LOAD_HIGH = 4,
  MOD_LOAD_LOW = 5
}op_modifiers;

typedef struct s_operand
{
  expressionS exp;
  register_id reg;
  op_modifiers mod;
} s_operand;


/* Forward declarations.  */
static inline char *skip_whitespace (char *);
static void get_default_target (void);
static char *extract_word (char *, char *, int);
static struct xgate_opcode *xgate_find_match (struct xgate_opcode_handle *,
					      int, s_operand [], unsigned int);
static int cmp_opcode (struct xgate_opcode *, struct xgate_opcode *);
static void xgate_print_table (void);
static unsigned int xgate_get_operands (char *, s_operand []);
static register_id reg_name_search (char *);
static op_modifiers xgate_determine_modifiers (char **);
static void xgate_scan_operands (struct xgate_opcode *opcode, s_operand []);
static unsigned int xgate_parse_operand (struct xgate_opcode *, int *, int,
					 char **, s_operand);

static struct hash_control *xgate_hash;

/* Previous opcode.  */
static unsigned int prev = 0;

static unsigned char fixup_required = 0;

/* Used to enable clipping of 16 bit operands into 8 bit constraints.  */
static unsigned char autoHiLo = 0;

static char oper_check;
static char flag_print_insn_syntax = 0;
static char flag_print_opcodes = 0;

static int current_architecture;
static const char *default_cpu;

/* ELF flags to set in the output file header.  */
static int elf_flags = E_XGATE_F64;

/* This table describes how you change sizes for the various types of variable
   size expressions.  This version only supports two kinds.  */

/* The fields are:
   How far Forward this mode will reach.
   How far Backward this mode will reach.
   How many bytes this mode will add to the size of the frag.
   Which mode to go to if the offset won't fit in this one.  */

relax_typeS md_relax_table[] =
{
  {1, 1, 0, 0},			/* First entries aren't used.  */
  {1, 1, 0, 0},			/* For no good reason except.  */
  {1, 1, 0, 0},			/* that the VAX doesn't either.  */
  {1, 1, 0, 0},
  /* XGATE 9 and 10 bit pc rel todo complete and test */
/*{(511), (-512), 0, ENCODE_RELAX (STATE_PC_RELATIVE, STATE_WORD)},
  {(1023), (-1024), 0, ENCODE_RELAX (STATE_PC_RELATIVE, STATE_WORD)}, */
  {0, 0, 0, 0}
};

/* This table describes all the machine specific pseudo-ops the assembler
   has to support.  The fields are: pseudo-op name without dot function to
   call to execute this pseudo-op Integer arg to pass to the function.  */
const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
{
  /* The following pseudo-ops are supported for MRI compatibility.  */
  {0, 0, 0}
};

const char *md_shortopts = "m:";

struct option md_longopts[] =
{
#define OPTION_PRINT_INSN_SYNTAX  (OPTION_MD_BASE + 0)
  { "print-insn-syntax", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_PRINT_INSN_SYNTAX },

#define OPTION_PRINT_OPCODES  (OPTION_MD_BASE + 1)
  { "print-opcodes", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_PRINT_OPCODES },

#define OPTION_GENERATE_EXAMPLE  (OPTION_MD_BASE + 2)
  { "generate-example", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_GENERATE_EXAMPLE },

#define OPTION_MSHORT  (OPTION_MD_BASE + 3)
  { "mshort", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_MSHORT },

#define OPTION_MLONG  (OPTION_MD_BASE + 4)
  { "mlong", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_MLONG },

#define OPTION_MSHORT_DOUBLE  (OPTION_MD_BASE + 5)
  { "mshort-double", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_MSHORT_DOUBLE },

#define OPTION_MLONG_DOUBLE  (OPTION_MD_BASE + 6)
  { "mlong-double", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_MLONG_DOUBLE },

  { NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0 }
};

size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);

const char *
md_atof (int type, char *litP, int *sizeP)
{
  return ieee_md_atof (type, litP, sizeP, TRUE);
}

int
md_parse_option (int c, const char *arg)
{
  switch (c)
    {
    case OPTION_MMCU:
      if (strcasecmp (arg, "v1") == 0)
	current_architecture = XGATE_V1;
      else if (strcasecmp (arg, "v2") == 0)
	current_architecture = XGATE_V2;
      else if (strcasecmp (arg, "v3") == 0)
	current_architecture = XGATE_V3;
      else
	as_bad (_("architecture variant invalid"));
      break;

    case OPTION_PRINT_INSN_SYNTAX:
      flag_print_insn_syntax = 1;
      break;

    case OPTION_PRINT_OPCODES:
      flag_print_opcodes = 1;
      break;

    case OPTION_GENERATE_EXAMPLE:
      flag_print_opcodes = 2;
      break;

    case OPTION_MSHORT:
      elf_flags &= ~E_XGATE_I32;
      break;

    case OPTION_MLONG:
      elf_flags |= E_XGATE_I32;
      break;

    case OPTION_MSHORT_DOUBLE:
      elf_flags &= ~E_XGATE_F64;
      break;

    case OPTION_MLONG_DOUBLE:
      elf_flags |= E_XGATE_F64;
      break;

    default:
      return 0;
    }
  return 1;
}

const char *
xgate_arch_format (void)
{
  get_default_target ();

  if (current_architecture & cpuxgate)
    return "elf32-xgate";

  return "error";
}

static void
get_default_target (void)
{
  const bfd_target *target;
  bfd abfd;

  if (current_architecture != 0)
    return;

  default_cpu = "unknown";
  target = bfd_find_target (0, &abfd);

  if (target && target->name)
    {
      if (strcmp (target->name, "elf32-xgate") == 0)
	{
	  current_architecture = cpuxgate;
	  default_cpu = "XGATE V1";
	  return;
	}

      as_bad (_("Default target `%s' is not supported."), target->name);
    }
}

void
md_begin (void)
{
  struct xgate_opcode *xgate_opcode_ptr = NULL;
  struct xgate_opcode *xgate_op_table = NULL;
  struct xgate_opcode_handle *op_handles = 0;
  const char *prev_op_name = 0;
  int handle_enum = 0;
  int number_of_op_handles = 0;
  int i, j = 0;

  /* Create a local copy of our opcode table
     including an extra line for NULL termination.  */
  xgate_op_table = XNEWVEC (struct xgate_opcode, xgate_num_opcodes);

  memset (xgate_op_table, 0,
	  sizeof (struct xgate_opcode) * (xgate_num_opcodes));

  for (xgate_opcode_ptr = (struct xgate_opcode*) xgate_opcodes, i = 0;
       i < xgate_num_opcodes; i++)
    xgate_op_table[i] = xgate_opcode_ptr[i];

  qsort (xgate_op_table, xgate_num_opcodes, sizeof (struct xgate_opcode),
	 (int (*)(const void *, const void *)) cmp_opcode);

  /* Calculate number of handles since this will be
     smaller than the raw number of opcodes in the table.  */
  prev_op_name = "";
  for (xgate_opcode_ptr = xgate_op_table, i = 0;  i < xgate_num_opcodes;
       xgate_opcode_ptr++, i++)
    {
      if (strcmp (prev_op_name, xgate_opcode_ptr->name))
	number_of_op_handles++;
      prev_op_name = xgate_opcode_ptr->name;
    }

  op_handles = XNEWVEC (struct xgate_opcode_handle, number_of_op_handles);

  /* Insert unique opcode names into hash table, aliasing duplicates.  */
  xgate_hash = hash_new ();

  prev_op_name = "";
  for (xgate_opcode_ptr = xgate_op_table, i = 0, j = 0; i < xgate_num_opcodes;
       i++, xgate_opcode_ptr++)
    {
      if (!strcmp (prev_op_name, xgate_opcode_ptr->name))
	{
	  handle_enum++;
	  op_handles[j].opc0[handle_enum] = xgate_opcode_ptr;
	}
      else
	{
	  handle_enum = 0;
	  if (i)
	    j++;
	  op_handles[j].name = xgate_opcode_ptr->name;
	  op_handles[j].opc0[0] = xgate_opcode_ptr;
	  hash_insert (xgate_hash, (char *) op_handles[j].name,
		       (char *) &(op_handles[j]));
	}
      op_handles[j].number_of_modes = handle_enum;
      prev_op_name = op_handles[j].name;
    }

  if (flag_print_opcodes)
    {
      xgate_print_table ();
      exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
    }
}

void
xgate_init_after_args (void)
{
}

void
md_show_usage (FILE * stream)
{
  get_default_target ();

  fprintf (stream,
	   _("\
Freescale XGATE co-processor options:\n\
  -mshort                 use 16-bit int ABI (default)\n\
  -mlong                  use 32-bit int ABI\n\
  -mshort-double          use 32-bit double ABI\n\
  -mlong-double           use 64-bit double ABI (default)\n\
  --mxgate                specify the processor variant [default %s]\n\
  --print-insn-syntax     print the syntax of instruction in case of error\n\
  --print-opcodes         print the list of instructions with syntax\n\
  --generate-example      generate an example of each instruction"),
	   default_cpu);
}

enum bfd_architecture
xgate_arch (void)
{
  get_default_target ();
  return bfd_arch_xgate;
}

int
xgate_mach (void)
{
  return 0;
}

static void
xgate_print_syntax (char *name)
{
  int i;

  for (i = 0; i < xgate_num_opcodes; i++)
    {
      if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].name, name))
	{
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_IDR))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tRx, Rx, Rx+|-Rx|Rx\n",
		    xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_INH))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\n", xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_TRI))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tRx, Rx, Rx\n", xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_DYA))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tRx, Rx\n", xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM3))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\t<3-bit value>\n", xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM4))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\t<4 -bit value>\n", xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM8))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tRx, <8-bit value>\n",
		    xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM16))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tRx, <16-bit value>\n",
		    xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_MON_R_C))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tRx, CCR\n", xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_MON_C_R))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tCCR, Rx\n", xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_MON_R_P))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tRx, PC\n", xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	  if (!strcmp (xgate_opcodes[i].constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM16mLDW))
	    printf ("\tFormat is %s\tRx, <16-bit value>\n",
		    xgate_opcodes[i].name);
	}
    }
}

static void
xgate_print_table (void)
{
  int i;

  for (i = 0; i < xgate_num_opcodes; i++)
    xgate_print_syntax (xgate_opcodes[i].name);

  return;
}

const char *
xgate_listing_header (void)
{
  if (current_architecture & cpuxgate)
    return "XGATE GAS ";

  return "ERROR MC9S12X GAS ";
}

symbolS *
md_undefined_symbol (char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
{
  return NULL;
}

/* GAS will call this function for each section at the end of the assembly,
   to permit the CPU backend to adjust the alignment of a section.  */

valueT
md_section_align (asection * seg, valueT addr)
{
  int align = bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg);
  return ((addr + (1 << align) - 1) & -(1 << align));
}

void
md_assemble (char *input_line)
{
  struct xgate_opcode *opcode = 0;
  struct xgate_opcode *macro_opcode = 0;
  struct xgate_opcode_handle *opcode_handle = 0;
  /* Caller expects it to be returned as it was passed.  */
  char *saved_input_line = input_line;
  char op_name[9] =  { 0 };
  unsigned int operandCount = 0;
  char *p = 0;

  s_operand new_operands[MAX_NUM_OPERANDS];

  fixup_required = 0;
  oper_check = 0; /* set error flags */
  input_line = extract_word (input_line, op_name, sizeof (op_name));

  /* Check to make sure we are not reading a bogus line.  */
  if (!op_name[0])
    as_bad (_("opcode missing or not found on input line"));

  if (!(opcode_handle = (struct xgate_opcode_handle *) hash_find (xgate_hash,
								  op_name)))
    {
      as_bad (_("opcode %s not found in opcode hash table"), op_name);
    }
  else
    {
      /* Parse operands so we can find the proper opcode bin.  */

      operandCount = xgate_get_operands (input_line, new_operands);

      opcode = xgate_find_match (opcode_handle, opcode_handle->number_of_modes,
				 new_operands, operandCount);

      if (!opcode)
	{
	  as_bad (_("matching operands to opcode"));
	  xgate_print_syntax (opcode_handle->opc0[0]->name);
	}
      else if (opcode->size == 2)
	{
	  /* Size is one word - assemble that native insn.  */
	  xgate_scan_operands (opcode, new_operands);
	}
      else
	{
	  /* Insn is a simplified instruction - expand it out.  */
	  autoHiLo = 1;
	  unsigned int i;

	  /* skip past our ';' separator.  */
	  for (i = strlen (opcode->constraints), p = opcode->constraints; i > 0;
	       i--, p++)
	    {
	      if (*p == ';')
		{
		  p++;
		  break;
		}
	    }
	  input_line = skip_whitespace (input_line);
	  char *macro_inline = input_line;

	  /* Loop though the macro's opcode list and apply operands to
	     each real opcode. */
	  for (i = 0; *p && i < (opcode->size / 2); i++)
	    {
	      /* Loop though macro operand list.  */
	      input_line = macro_inline; /* Rewind.  */
	      p = extract_word (p, op_name, 10);

	      if (!(opcode_handle = (struct xgate_opcode_handle *)
		    hash_find (xgate_hash, op_name)))
		{
		  as_bad (_(": processing macro, real opcode handle"
			    " not found in hash"));
		  break;
		}
	      else
		{
		  operandCount = xgate_get_operands (input_line, new_operands);
		  macro_opcode = xgate_find_match (opcode_handle,
						   opcode_handle->number_of_modes, new_operands,
						   operandCount);
		  xgate_scan_operands (macro_opcode, new_operands);
		}
	    }
	}
    }
  autoHiLo = 0;
  input_line = saved_input_line;
}

/* Force truly undefined symbols to their maximum size, and generally set up
   the frag list to be relaxed.  */

int
md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragS *fragp, asection *seg)
{
  /* If symbol is undefined or located in a different section,
     select the largest supported relocation.  */
  relax_substateT subtype;
  relax_substateT rlx_state[] = { 0, 2 };

  for (subtype = 0; subtype < ARRAY_SIZE (rlx_state); subtype += 2)
    {
      if (fragp->fr_subtype == rlx_state[subtype]
	  && (!S_IS_DEFINED (fragp->fr_symbol)
	      || seg != S_GET_SEGMENT (fragp->fr_symbol)))
	{
	  fragp->fr_subtype = rlx_state[subtype + 1];
	  break;
	}
    }

  if (fragp->fr_subtype >= ARRAY_SIZE (md_relax_table))
    abort ();

  return md_relax_table[fragp->fr_subtype].rlx_length;
}


/* Relocation, relaxation and frag conversions.  */

/* PC-relative offsets are relative to the start of the
   next instruction.  That is, the address of the offset, plus its
   size, since the offset is always the last part of the insn.  */

long
md_pcrel_from (fixS * fixP)
{
  return fixP->fx_size + fixP->fx_where + fixP->fx_frag->fr_address;
}

/* If while processing a fixup, a reloc really needs to be created
   then it is done here.  */

arelent *
tc_gen_reloc (asection * section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, fixS * fixp)
{
  arelent * reloc;

  reloc = XNEW (arelent);
  reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = XNEW (asymbol *);
  *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
  reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;

  if (fixp->fx_r_type == 0)
    reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, BFD_RELOC_16);
  else
    reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);

  if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
    {
      as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line, _
		    ("Relocation %d is not supported by object file format."),
		    (int) fixp->fx_r_type);
      return NULL;
    }

  /* Since we use Rel instead of Rela, encode the vtable entry to be
     used in the relocation's section offset.  */
  if (fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
    reloc->address = fixp->fx_offset;
  reloc->addend = 0;
  return reloc;
}

/* Patch the instruction with the resolved operand.  Elf relocation
   info will also be generated to take care of linker/loader fixups.
   The XGATE addresses only 16-bit addresses.The BFD_RELOC_32 is necessary
   for the support of --gstabs.  */

void
md_apply_fix (fixS * fixP, valueT * valP, segT seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
{
  char *where;
  long value = *valP;
  int opcode = 0;
  ldiv_t result;

  /* If the fixup is done mark it done so no further symbol resolution
     will take place.  */
  if (fixP->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
    fixP->fx_done = 1;

  /* We don't actually support subtracting a symbol.  */
  if (fixP->fx_subsy != (symbolS *) NULL)
    as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line, _("Expression too complex."));

  where = fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixP->fx_where;
  opcode = bfd_getl16 (where);
  int mask = 0;

  switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
    {
    case R_XGATE_PCREL_9:
      if (value < -512 || value > 511)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
		      _("Value %ld too large for 9-bit PC-relative branch."),
		      value);
      result = ldiv (value, 2); /* from bytes to words */
      value = result.quot;
      if (result.rem)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line, _
		      ("Value %ld not aligned by 2 for 9-bit"
		       " PC-relative branch."), value);
      /* Clip into 8-bit field.
	 FIXME I'm sure there is a more proper place for this.  */
      mask = 0x1FF;
      value &= mask;
      number_to_chars_bigendian (where, (opcode | value), 2);
      break;
    case R_XGATE_PCREL_10:
      if (value < -1024 || value > 1023)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
		      _("Value %ld too large for 10-bit PC-relative branch."),
		      value);
      result = ldiv (value, 2); /* from bytes to words */
      value = result.quot;
      if (result.rem)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line, _
		      ("Value %ld not aligned by 2 for 10-bit"
		       " PC-relative branch."), value);
      /* Clip into 9-bit field.
	 FIXME I'm sure there is a more proper place for this.  */
      mask = 0x3FF;
      value &= mask;
      number_to_chars_bigendian (where, (opcode | value), 2);
      break;
    case BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM8_HI:
      if (value < -65537 || value > 65535)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
		      _("Value out of 16-bit range."));
      value >>= 8;
      value &= 0x00ff;
      bfd_putb16 ((bfd_vma) value | opcode, (void *) where);
      break;
    case BFD_RELOC_XGATE_24:
    case BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM8_LO:
      if (value < -65537 || value > 65535)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
		      _("Value out of 16-bit range."));
      value &= 0x00ff;
      bfd_putb16 ((bfd_vma) value | opcode, (void *) where);
      break;
    case BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM3:
      if (value < 0 || value > 7)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
		      _("Value out of 3-bit range."));
      value <<= 8; /* make big endian */
      number_to_chars_bigendian (where, (opcode | value), 2);
      break;
    case BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM4:
      if (value < 0 || value > 15)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
		      _("Value out of 4-bit range."));
      value <<= 4; /* align the operand bits */
      number_to_chars_bigendian (where, (opcode | value), 2);
      break;
    case BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM5:
      if (value < 0 || value > 31)
	as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
		      _("Value out of 5-bit range."));
      value <<= 5; /* align the operand bits */
      number_to_chars_bigendian (where, (opcode | value), 2);
      break;
    case BFD_RELOC_8:
      ((bfd_byte *) where)[0] = (bfd_byte) value;
      break;
    case BFD_RELOC_32:
      bfd_putb32 ((bfd_vma) value, (unsigned char *) where);
      break;
    case BFD_RELOC_16:
      bfd_putb16 ((bfd_vma) value, (unsigned char *) where);
      break;
    default:
      as_fatal (_("Line %d: unknown relocation type: 0x%x."), fixP->fx_line,
		fixP->fx_r_type);
      break;
    }
}

/* See whether we need to force a relocation into the output file.  */

int
tc_xgate_force_relocation (fixS * fixP)
{
  if (fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_XGATE_RL_GROUP)
    return 1;
  return generic_force_reloc (fixP);
}

/* Here we decide which fixups can be adjusted to make them relative
   to the beginning of the section instead of the symbol.  Basically
   we need to make sure that the linker relaxation is done
   correctly, so in some cases we force the original symbol to be
   used.  */

int
tc_xgate_fix_adjustable (fixS * fixP)
{
  switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
    {
      /* For the linker relaxation to work correctly, these relocs
	 need to be on the symbol itself.  */
    case BFD_RELOC_16:
    case BFD_RELOC_XGATE_RL_JUMP:
    case BFD_RELOC_XGATE_RL_GROUP:
    case BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT:
    case BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY:
    case BFD_RELOC_32:
      return 0;
    default:
      return 1;
    }
}

void
md_convert_frag (bfd * abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
		 asection * sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
		 fragS * fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
{
  as_bad (("md_convert_frag not implemented yet"));
  abort ();
}

/* Set the ELF specific flags.  */

void
xgate_elf_final_processing (void)
{
  elf_flags |= EF_XGATE_MACH;
  elf_elfheader (stdoutput)->e_flags &= ~EF_XGATE_ABI;
  elf_elfheader (stdoutput)->e_flags |= elf_flags;
}

static inline char *
skip_whitespace (char *s)
{
  while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t' || *s == '(' || *s == ')')
    s++;

  return s;
}

/* Extract a word (continuous alpha-numeric chars) from the input line.  */

static char *
extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit)
{
  char *op_end;
  int size = 0;

  /* Drop leading whitespace.  */
  from = skip_whitespace (from);
  *to = 0;
  /* Find the op code end.  */
  for (op_end = from; *op_end != 0 && is_part_of_name (*op_end);)
    {
      to[size++] = *op_end++;
      if (size + 1 >= limit)
	break;
    }
  to[size] = 0;
  return op_end;
}

static char *
xgate_new_instruction (int size)
{
  char *f = frag_more (size);
  dwarf2_emit_insn (size);
  return f;
}

static unsigned short
xgate_apply_operand (unsigned short new_mask,
		     unsigned short *availiable_mask_bits,
		     unsigned short mask,
		     unsigned char n_bits)
{
  unsigned short n_shifts;
  unsigned int n_drop_bits;

  /* Shift until you find an available operand bit "1" and record
     the number of shifts.  */
  for (n_shifts = 0;
       !(*availiable_mask_bits & SIXTEENTH_BIT) && n_shifts < 16;
       n_shifts++)
    *availiable_mask_bits <<= 1;

  /* Shift for the number of bits your operand requires while bits
     are available.  */
  for (n_drop_bits = n_bits;
       n_drop_bits && (*availiable_mask_bits & SIXTEENTH_BIT);
       --n_drop_bits)
    *availiable_mask_bits <<= 1;

  if (n_drop_bits)
    as_bad (_(":operand has too many bits"));
  *availiable_mask_bits >>= n_shifts + n_bits;
  if ((n_drop_bits == 0) && (*availiable_mask_bits == 0))
    {
      oper_check = 1; /* flag operand check as good */
    }
  new_mask <<= N_BITS_IN_WORD - (n_shifts + n_bits);
  mask |= new_mask;
  return mask;
}

/* Parse ordinary expression.  */

static char *
xgate_parse_exp (char *s, expressionS * op)
{
  input_line_pointer = s;

  expression (op);
  if (op->X_op == O_absent)
    as_bad (_("missing operand"));
  return input_line_pointer;
}

static int
cmp_opcode (struct xgate_opcode *op1, struct xgate_opcode *op2)
{
  return strcmp (op1->name, op2->name);
}

static struct xgate_opcode *
xgate_find_match (struct xgate_opcode_handle *opcode_handle,
		  int numberOfModes, s_operand oprs[], unsigned int operandCount)
{
  int i;

  if (numberOfModes == 0)
    return opcode_handle->opc0[0];

  for (i = 0; i <= numberOfModes; i++)
    {
      switch (operandCount)
        {
      case 0:
        if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_INH))
          return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
        break;
      case 1:
        if (oprs[0].reg >= REG_R0 && oprs[0].reg <= REG_R7)
	  {
	    if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_MON))
	      return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
	    if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_DYA_MON))
	      return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
	  }
        if (oprs[0].reg == REG_NONE)
          if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM3))
            return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
        break;
      case 2:
        if (oprs[0].reg >= REG_R0 && oprs[0].reg <= REG_R7)
          {
            if (oprs[1].reg >= REG_R0 && oprs[1].reg <= REG_R7)
	      {
		if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_DYA))
		  return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
	      }
            if (oprs[1].reg == REG_CCR)
              if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                  XGATE_OP_MON_R_C))
                return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
            if (oprs[1].reg == REG_PC)
              if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                  XGATE_OP_MON_R_P))
                return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
            if (oprs[1].reg == REG_NONE)
              if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM16)
                  || !strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM8)
                  || !strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_IMM4)
                  || !strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                      XGATE_OP_IMM16mADD)
                  || !strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                      XGATE_OP_IMM16mAND)
                  || !strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                      XGATE_OP_IMM16mCPC)
                  || !strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                      XGATE_OP_IMM16mSUB)
                  || !strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                      XGATE_OP_IMM16mLDW))
                return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
          }
        if (oprs[0].reg == REG_CCR)
          if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints, XGATE_OP_MON_C_R))
            return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
        break;
      case 3:
        if (oprs[0].reg >= REG_R0 && oprs[0].reg <= REG_R7)
          {
            if (oprs[1].reg >= REG_R0 && oprs[1].reg <= REG_R7)
              {
                if (oprs[2].reg >= REG_R0 && oprs[2].reg <= REG_R7)
                  {
                    if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                        XGATE_OP_IDR)
                        || !strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                            XGATE_OP_TRI))
                      return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
                  }

                if (oprs[2].reg == REG_NONE)
                  if (!strcmp (opcode_handle->opc0[i]->constraints,
                      XGATE_OP_IDO5))
                    return opcode_handle->opc0[i];
              }
          }
        break;
      default:
        as_bad (_("unknown operand count"));
        break;
        }
    }
  return NULL ;
}

/* Because we are dealing with two different core that view the system
   memory with different offsets, we must differentiate what core a
   symbol belongs to, in order for the linker to cross-link.  */

int
xgate_frob_symbol (symbolS *sym)
{
  asymbol *bfdsym;
  elf_symbol_type *elfsym;

  bfdsym = symbol_get_bfdsym (sym);
  elfsym = elf_symbol_from (bfd_asymbol_bfd (bfdsym), bfdsym);

  gas_assert (elfsym);

  /* Mark the symbol as being *from XGATE  */
  elfsym->internal_elf_sym.st_target_internal = 1;

  return 0;
}

static unsigned int
xgate_get_operands (char *line, s_operand oprs[])
{
  int num_operands;

  /* If there are no operands, then it must be inherent.  */
  if (*line == 0 || *line == '\n' || *line == '\r')
    return 0;

  for (num_operands = 0; strlen (line) && (num_operands < MAX_NUM_OPERANDS);
       num_operands++)
    {
      line = skip_whitespace (line);
      if (*line == '#')
	line++;

      oprs[num_operands].mod = xgate_determine_modifiers (&line);

      if ((oprs[num_operands].reg = reg_name_search (line)) == REG_NONE)
	line = xgate_parse_exp (line, &oprs[num_operands].exp);

      /* skip to next operand */
      while (*line != 0)
	{
	  if (*line == ',')
	    {
	      line++;
	      break;
	    }
	  line++;
	}
    }
  if (num_operands > MAX_NUM_OPERANDS)
    return 0;
  return num_operands;
}

/* reg_name_search() finds the register number given its name.
   Returns the register number or REG_NONE on failure.  */

static register_id
reg_name_search (char *name)
{
  if (strncasecmp (name, "r0", 2) == 0)
    return REG_R0;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "r1", 2) == 0)
    return REG_R1;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "r2", 2) == 0)
    return REG_R2;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "r3", 2) == 0)
    return REG_R3;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "r4", 2) == 0)
    return REG_R4;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "r5", 2) == 0)
    return REG_R5;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "r6", 2) == 0)
    return REG_R6;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "r7", 2) == 0)
    return REG_R7;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "pc", 2) == 0)
    return REG_PC;
  if (strncasecmp (name, "ccr", 3) == 0)
    return REG_CCR;
  return REG_NONE;
}

/* Parse operand modifiers such as inc/dec/hi/low.  */

static op_modifiers
xgate_determine_modifiers (char **line)
{
  char *local_line = line[0];

  if (strncasecmp (local_line, "%hi", 3) == 0)
    {
      *line += 3;
      return MOD_LOAD_HIGH;
    }
  if (strncasecmp (local_line, "%lo", 3) == 0)
    {
      *line += 3;
      return MOD_LOAD_LOW;
    }
  if (*(local_line + 2) == '+')
    return MOD_POSTINC;
  if (strncasecmp (local_line, "-r", 2) == 0)
    {
      *line += 1;
      return MOD_PREDEC;
    }
  return MOD_NONE;
}

/* Parse instruction operands.  */

static void
xgate_scan_operands (struct xgate_opcode *opcode, s_operand oprs[])
{
  char *frag = xgate_new_instruction (opcode->size);
  int where = frag - frag_now->fr_literal;
  char *op = opcode->constraints;
  unsigned int bin = (int) opcode->bin_opcode;
  unsigned short oper_mask = 0;
  int operand_bit_length = 0;
  unsigned int operand = 0;
  char n_operand_bits = 0;
  char first_operand_equals_second = 0;
  int i = 0;
  char c = 0;

  /* Generate available operand bits mask.  */
  for (i = 0; (c = opcode->format[i]); i++)
    {
      if (ISDIGIT (c) || (c == 's'))
	{
	  oper_mask <<= 1;
	}
      else
	{
	  oper_mask <<= 1;
	  oper_mask += 1;
	  n_operand_bits++;
	}
    }

  /* Parse first operand.  */
  if (*op)
    {
      if (*op == '=')
	{
	  first_operand_equals_second = 1;
	  ++op;
	}
      operand = xgate_parse_operand (opcode, &operand_bit_length, where,
				     &op, oprs[0]);
      ++op;
      bin = xgate_apply_operand (operand, &oper_mask, bin, operand_bit_length);

      if (first_operand_equals_second)
	bin = xgate_apply_operand (operand, &oper_mask, bin,
				   operand_bit_length);
      /* Parse second operand.  */
      if (*op)
	{
	  if (*op == ',')
	    ++op;
	  if (first_operand_equals_second)
	    {
	      bin = xgate_apply_operand (operand, &oper_mask, bin,
					 operand_bit_length);
	      ++op;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      operand = xgate_parse_operand (opcode, &operand_bit_length, where,
					     &op, oprs[1]);
	      bin = xgate_apply_operand (operand, &oper_mask, bin,
					 operand_bit_length);
	      ++op;
	    }
	}
      /* Parse the third register.  */
      if (*op)
	{
	  if (*op == ',')
	    ++op;
	  operand = xgate_parse_operand (opcode, &operand_bit_length, where,
					 &op, oprs[2]);
	  bin = xgate_apply_operand (operand, &oper_mask, bin,
				     operand_bit_length);
	}
    }
  if (opcode->size == 2 && fixup_required)
    {
      bfd_putl16 (bin, frag);
    }
  else if ( !strcmp (opcode->constraints, XGATE_OP_REL9)
      || !strcmp (opcode->constraints, XGATE_OP_REL10))
    {
      /* Write our data to a frag for further processing.  */
      bfd_putl16 (opcode->bin_opcode, frag);
    }
  else
    {
      /* Apply operand mask(s)to bin opcode and write the output.  */
      /* Since we are done write this frag in xgate BE format.  */
      number_to_chars_bigendian (frag, bin, opcode->size);
    }
  prev = bin;
  return;
}

static unsigned int
xgate_parse_operand (struct xgate_opcode *opcode,
		     int *bit_width,
		     int where,
		     char **op_con,
		     s_operand operand)
{
  char *op_constraint = *op_con;
  unsigned int op_mask = 0;
  unsigned int pp_fix = 0;
  unsigned short max_size = 0;
  int i;

  *bit_width = 0;
  /* Reset.  */

  switch (*op_constraint)
    {
    case '+': /* Indexed register operand +/- or plain r.  */
      /* Default to neither inc or dec.  */
      pp_fix = 0;
      *bit_width = 5;

      if (operand.reg == REG_NONE)
	as_bad (_(": expected register name r0-r7 ") );
      op_mask = operand.reg;
      if (operand.mod == MOD_POSTINC)
	pp_fix = INCREMENT;
      if (operand.mod == MOD_PREDEC)
	pp_fix = DECREMENT;
      op_mask <<= 2;
      op_mask |= pp_fix;
      break;

    case 'r': /* Register operand.  */
      if (operand.reg == REG_NONE)
	as_bad (_(": expected register name r0-r7 "));

      *bit_width = 3;

      op_mask = operand.reg;
      break;

    case 'i': /* Immediate value or expression expected.  */
      /* Advance the original format pointer.  */
      (*op_con)++;
      op_constraint++;
      if (ISDIGIT (*op_constraint))
	*bit_width = (int) *op_constraint - '0';
      else if (*op_constraint == 'a')
	*bit_width = 0x0A;
      else if (*op_constraint == 'f')
	*bit_width = 0x0F;

      /* http://tigcc.ticalc.org/doc/gnuasm.html#SEC31 */
      if (operand.exp.X_op == O_constant)
	{
	  op_mask = operand.exp.X_add_number;
	  if (((opcode->name[strlen (opcode->name) - 1] == 'l') && autoHiLo)
	      || operand.mod == MOD_LOAD_LOW)
	    op_mask &= 0x00FF;
	  else if (((opcode->name[strlen (opcode->name) - 1]) == 'h'
		    && autoHiLo) || operand.mod == MOD_LOAD_HIGH)
	    op_mask >>= 8;

	  /* Make sure it fits.  */
	  for (i = *bit_width; i; i--)
	    {
	      max_size <<= 1;
	      max_size += 1;
	    }
	  if (op_mask > max_size)
	    as_bad (_(":operand value(%d) too big for constraint"), op_mask);
	}
      else
	{
	  /* Should be BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM8_LO instead of BFD_RELOC_XGATE_24
	     TODO fix.  */
	  fixup_required = 1;
	  if (*op_constraint == '8')
	    {
	      if (((opcode->name[strlen (opcode->name) - 1] == 'l')
		   && autoHiLo) || operand.mod == MOD_LOAD_LOW)
		fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 2, &operand.exp, FALSE,
			     BFD_RELOC_XGATE_24);
	      else if (((opcode->name[strlen (opcode->name) - 1]) == 'h'
			&& autoHiLo) || operand.mod == MOD_LOAD_HIGH )
		fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 2, &operand.exp, FALSE,
			     BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM8_HI);
	      else
		as_bad (_("you must use a hi/lo directive or 16-bit macro "
			  "to load a 16-bit value."));
	    }
	  else if (*op_constraint == '5')
	    fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 2, &operand.exp, FALSE,
			 BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM5);
	  else if (*op_constraint == '4')
	    fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 2, &operand.exp, FALSE,
			 BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM4);
	  else if (*op_constraint == '3')
	    fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 2, &operand.exp, FALSE,
			 BFD_RELOC_XGATE_IMM3);
	  else
	    as_bad (_(":unknown relocation constraint size"));
	}
      break;

    case 'c': /* CCR register expected.  */
      *bit_width = 0;
      if (operand.reg != REG_CCR)
	as_bad (_(": expected register name ccr "));
      break;

    case 'p': /* PC register expected.  */
      *bit_width = 0;
      if (operand.reg != REG_PC)
	as_bad (_(": expected register name pc "));
      break;

    case 'b': /* Branch expected.  */
      (*op_con)++;
      op_constraint++;

      if (operand.exp.X_op != O_register)
	{
	  if (*op_constraint == '9')
	    fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 2, &operand.exp, TRUE,
			 R_XGATE_PCREL_9);
	  else if (*op_constraint == 'a')
	    fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 2, &operand.exp, TRUE,
			 R_XGATE_PCREL_10);
	}
      else
	as_fatal (_("Operand `%x' not recognized in fixup8."),
		  operand.exp.X_op);
      break;
    case '?':
      break;

    default:
      as_bad (_("unknown constraint `%c'"), *op_constraint);
      break;
    }
  return op_mask;
}