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author | Roland Pesch <pesch@cygnus> | 1991-01-03 16:28:29 +0000 |
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committer | Roland Pesch <pesch@cygnus> | 1991-01-03 16:28:29 +0000 |
commit | bca4316904e02748c96d9c0e5d5a6180a13287cf (patch) | |
tree | 74099d86327fc3698228b53d3b4a55d385364f67 /gdb/doc/refcard.tex | |
parent | 1bc93cb7a02e644499ba4d0318da7c84b868f9e9 (diff) | |
download | binutils-bca4316904e02748c96d9c0e5d5a6180a13287cf.zip binutils-bca4316904e02748c96d9c0e5d5a6180a13287cf.tar.gz binutils-bca4316904e02748c96d9c0e5d5a6180a13287cf.tar.bz2 |
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diff --git a/gdb/doc/refcard.tex b/gdb/doc/refcard.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c32695d --- /dev/null +++ b/gdb/doc/refcard.tex @@ -0,0 +1,403 @@ +%This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger. +%Copyright (C) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +%Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of +%this reference provided the copyright notices and permission notices +%are preserved on all copies. +% +%TeX markup is a programming language; accordingly this file is source +%for a program to generate a reference. +% +%This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify +%it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +%the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) +%any later version. +% +%This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but +%WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +%MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU +%General Public License for more details. +% +%You can find a copy of the GNU General Public License in the GDB +%manual; or write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., +%675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. +% +%You can contact the author as: pesch@cygnus.com +% +% Roland Pesch +% Cygnus Support +% 814 University Ave. +% Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA +% +% +1 415 322 3811 +% +% Cygnus Support is an organization devoted to commercial +% support of free software. For general information +% contact ``info@cygnus.com'' +% +% +\input threecol +{% +\def\$#1${{#1}}% Kluge: collect RCS revision info without $...$ +\xdef\manvers{\$Revision$}% +} +\vsize=8in +\hyphenpenalty=5000\tolerance=2000\raggedright +% +\font\bbf=cmbx10 +\font\vbbf=cmbx12 +\font\smrm=cmr6 +\font\brm=cmr10 +\font\rm=cmr8 +\font\it=cmti8 +\font\tt=cmtt8 +\normalbaselineskip=9pt\baselineskip=9pt +% +\parindent=0pt +\parskip=0pt +\footline={\vbox to0pt{\hss}} +% +\def\ctl#1{{\tt C-#1}} +\def\opt#1{{\brm[{\rm #1}]}} +\def\xtra#1{\noalign{\smallskip{\tt#1}}} +% +\long\def\sec#1;#2\endsec{\vskip 1pc +\halign{% +%COL 1 (of halign): +\vtop{\hsize=1in\tt +##\par\vskip 2pt +}\quad +%COL 2 (of halign): +&\vtop{\hsize=2.1in\hangafter=1\hangindent=0.5em +\rm ##\par\vskip 2pt}\cr +%Tail of \long\def fills in halign body with \sec args: +\noalign{{\bbf #1}\vskip 2pt} +#2 +} +} + +{\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE} +\vskip 5pt +{\smrm GDB Version 4.00---Cygnus Support 1991} + +\sec Starting GDB; +gdb&starts GDB, with no debugging files\cr +gdb {\it program}&begin debugging {\it program}\cr +gdb {\it program core}&debug coredump {\it core} produced by {\it program}\cr +\endsec + +\sec Stopping GDB; +quit&Exit GDB; abbreviate as {\tt q} or {\tt EOF}\par (eg \ctl{d})\cr +INTERRUPT&(eg \ctl{c}) terminate current command\cr +\endsec + +\sec Getting Help; +help&List classes of commands\cr +help {\it class}&One-line descriptions for commands in {\it class}\cr +help {\it command}&Describe {\it command}\cr +\endsec + +\sec Executing your Program; +run {\it arglist}&start your program with {\it arglist}\cr +run&start your program with current argument list\cr +run $\ldots$ <{\it inf} >{\it outf}&start program with input, output +redirected\cr +\cr +kill&Kill running program\cr +\cr +tty {\it dev}&Use {\it dev} as default i/o for next {\tt run}\cr +set args {\it arglist}&specify {\it arglist} for next +{\tt run}\cr +set args&specify empty argument list\cr +show args&display argument list\cr +\cr +show environment&show all environment variables\cr +show env {\it var}&show value of environment variable {\it var}\cr +set env {\it var} {\it expr}&set environment variable {\it var}\cr +delete env {\it var}&Remove {\it var} from environment\cr +\endsec + +\sec Shell Commands; +cd {\it dir}&Change working directory to {\it dir}\cr +pwd&Print working directory\cr +make $\ldots$&Call ``{\tt make}''\cr +shell {\it cmd}&Execute arbitrary shell command string\cr +\endsec + +\vfill +\centerline{\smrm \copyright 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\qquad Permissions on back} +\eject +\sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints; +break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&Set breakpoint at {\it line} number \opt{in \it file}\par +eg:\quad{\tt break main.c:37}\quad\cr +break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it fun}&Set breakpoint at {\it +fun}() \opt{in \it file}\cr +break +{\it offset}\par +break -{\it offset}&Set break at offset from current stop\cr +break *{\it addr}&Set breakpoint at address {\it addr}\cr +break&Set breakpoint at next instruction\cr +break $\ldots$ if {\it expr}&Break conditionally on nonzero {\it expr}\cr +cond {\it bno} \opt{\it expr}&New conditional expression on breakpoint +number {\it bno}; make unconditional if no {\it expr}\cr +tbreak $\ldots$&Temporary break; disable when reached\cr +rbreak {\it regex}&Break on all functions matching {\it regex}\cr +watch {\it expr}&Set a watchpoint for expression {\it expr}\cr +catch {\it x}&Set breakpoint at C++ handler for exception {\it x}\cr +\cr +info break&Show defined breakpoints\cr +info watch&Show defined watchpoints\cr +\cr +clear&Delete breakpoints at next instruction\cr +clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it fun}&Delete breakpoints at entry to {\it fun}()\cr +clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&Delete breakpoints on source line \cr +delete \opt{{\it bnos}}&Delete breakpoints numbered {\it bnos}; +\opt{or all breakpoints}\cr +\cr +disable \opt{{\it bnos}}&Disable breakpoints {\it bnos} \opt{or all}\cr +enable {\it bnos}&Enable breakpoints {\it bnos} \opt{or all}\cr +enable once {\it bnos}&Enable breakpoints; disable again when +reached\cr +enable del {\it bnos}&Enable breakpoints; delete when reached\cr +\cr +ignore {\it bno} {\it count}&Ignore breakpoint number {\it bno}, {\it count} +times\cr +\cr +commands {\it bno}\par +\qquad {\it command list}&Execute GDB {\it command list} every time breakpoint {\it bno} is reached\cr +end&(use only with {\tt commands}) End of {\it command list}\cr +\endsec + +\sec Signals; +handle {\it signal} {\it act}&Specify GDB actions when {\it signal} occurs:\cr +\quad print&Announce when signal occurs\cr +\quad noprint&Be silent when signal occurs\cr +\quad stop&Halt execution on signal\cr +\quad nostop&Do not halt execution\cr +\quad pass&Allow your program to handle signal\cr +\quad nopass&Do not allow your program to see signal\cr +info signal&Show table of signals and GDB action for each\cr +\endsec + +\vfill\eject +\sec Execution Control; +continue \opt{\it count}\par +c \opt{\it count}&Continue running; if {\it count} specified, ignore +this breakpoint next {\it count} times\cr +\cr +step \opt{\it count}\par +s \opt{\it count}&Execute until another line reached; repeat {\it count} times if +specified\cr +\cr +stepi \opt{\it count}\par +si \opt{\it count}&Step by machine instructions rather than source +lines\cr +\cr +next \opt{\it count}\par +n \opt{\it count}&Execute next line, including any function calls.\cr +\cr +nexti \opt{\it count}\par +ni \opt{\it count}&Next machine instruction rather than source +line\cr +\cr +until \opt{\it location}&Run until next instruction (or {\it +location}) reached\cr +\cr +finish&Run until selected stack frame returns\cr +return \opt{\it expr}&Pop selected stack frame without executing, +optionally setting return value\cr +\cr +signal {\it num}&Resume execution with signal {\it num} (none if {\tt 0})\cr +jump {\it line}\par +jump *{\it address}&Resume execution at specified {\it line} number or +{\it address}\cr +set var {\it expr}&Evaluate {\it expr} without displaying it; use for +altering program variables\cr +\endsec + +\sec Debugging Targets; +target {\it type} {\it param}&Connect to target machine, process, or file\cr +info targets&Display available targets\cr +attach {\it param}&Connect to another target of same type\cr +detach&Release target from GDB control\cr +\endsec + +\sec Expressions; +{\it expr}&An expression in C or C++ (including function calls), or:\cr +{\it addr\/}@{\it len}&An array of {\it len} elements beginning at {\it +addr}\cr +{\it file}::{\it nm}&A variable or function {\it nm} defined in {\it +file}\cr +$\tt\{${\it type}$\tt\}${\it addr}&Read memory at {\it addr} as specified +{\it type}\cr +print \opt{\tt/{\it f}\/} {\it expr}\par +p \opt{\tt/{\it f}\/} {\it expr}&Display the value of an expression\par +in format {\it f}:\cr +\qquad x&hexadecimal\cr +\qquad d&signed decimal\cr +\qquad u&unsigned decimal\cr +\qquad o&octal\cr +\qquad a&address, absolute and relative\cr +\qquad c&character constant\cr +\qquad f&floating point\cr +call \opt{\tt /{\it f}\/} {\it expr}&Like {\tt print} but does not display +{\tt void}\cr +\endsec + +\vfill\eject +\sec Memory; +x \opt{\tt/{\it Nuf}\/} {\it expr}&Examine memory at address {\it expr}; +optional format spec follows slash.\cr +\quad {\it N}&Count of how many units to display;\cr +\quad {\it u}&Unit size; one of\cr +&{\tt\qquad b}\ individual bytes\cr +&{\tt\qquad h}\ halfwords (two bytes)\cr +&{\tt\qquad w}\ words (four bytes)\cr +&{\tt\qquad g}\ giant words (eight bytes)\cr +\quad {\it f}&Printing format. Any {\tt print} format, or\cr +&{\tt\qquad s}\ Null-terminated string\cr +&{\tt\qquad i}\ Machine instructions\cr +disassem \opt{\it addr}&Display range of memory as machine +instructions; function surrounding {\it addr} or program counter, or range between two arguments\cr +\endsec + +\sec Automatic Display; +display \opt{\tt/\it f\/} {\it expr}&Show value of {\it expr} each time +program stops \opt{according to format {\it f}\/}\cr +display&Display all enabled expressions on list\cr +undisplay {\it dnos}&Remove number(s) {\it dnos} from list of +automatically displayed expressions\cr +disable dis {\it dnos}&Disable display for expression(s) number {\it +dnos}\cr +enable dis {\it dnos}&Enable display for expression(s) number {\it +dnos}\cr +info display&Show numbered list of expressions to display\cr +\endsec + +\sec Program Stack; +backtrace \opt{\it n}\par +bt \opt{\it n}&Print trace of all frames in stack; or of {\it n} +frames---innermost if {\it n}{\tt >0}, outermost if {\it n}{\tt <0}\cr +frame \opt{\it n}&Select frame number {\it n} or frame at address {\it +n}; if no {\it n}, display current frame\cr +up {\it n}&Select frame {\it n} frames up\cr +down {\it n}&Select frame {\it n} frames down\cr +info frame \opt{\it addr}&Description of selected frame, or frame at +{\it addr}\cr +info args&Arguments of selected frame\cr +info locals&Local variables of selected frame\cr +info catch&Exception handlers active in selected frame\cr +\endsec + +\sec Symbol Table; +info address {\it s}&Show where symbol {\it s} is stored\cr +info func \opt{\it regex}&Show names, types of defined functions +(all, or matching {\it regex})\cr +info var \opt{\it regex}&Show names, types of global variables (all, +or matching {\it regex})\cr +info sources&Show all sources having debugging information\cr +whatis {\it expr}\par +ptype {\it expr}&Show data type of {\it expr} without evaluating; {\tt +ptype} gives more detail\cr +ptype {\it type}&Describe type, struct, union, or enum\cr +\endsec + +\vfill\eject +\sec Controlling GDB; +set {\it param} {\it expr}&Set one of GDB's internal parameters, +controlling its interaction with you\cr +show {\it param}&Display current setting of a GDB parameter\cr +\xtra{\rm Parameters understood by {\tt set} and {\tt show}:} +\quad addressp {\it on/off}&print memory addresses in stacks, +structs\cr +\quad array-max {\it limit}&Number of elements to display from an +array\cr +\quad arraypr {\it off/on}&Compact or attractive format for +arrays\cr +\quad caution {\it on/off}&Enable or disable cautionary queries\cr +\quad editing {\it on/off}&Control {\tt readline} command-line editing\cr +\quad history&({\tt h}) covers a number of options:\cr +\quad h exp {\it off/on}&Disable or enable {\tt readline} history expansion\cr +\quad h file {\it filename}&File for recording GDB command history\cr +\quad h size {\it size}&Number of commands kept in history list\cr +\quad h write {\it off/on}&Control use of external file for +command history\cr +\cr +\quad pretty {\it off/on}&Compact or indented format for struct +display\cr +\quad prompt {\it str}&Use {\it str} as GDB prompt\cr +\quad radix {\it base}&Octal, decimal, or hex number representation\cr +\quad screen-h {\it lpp}&Number of lines before pause in +display\cr +\quad screen-w {\it cpl}&Number of characters before line folded\cr +\quad unionpr {\it on/off}&Enable or disable display of unions in +structs\cr +\quad verbose {\it on/off}&Control messages when loading +symbol table\cr +\quad vtblpr {\it off/on}&Display of C++ virtual function tables\cr +info editing&Show last 10 commands\cr +info editing {\it n}&Show 10 commands around number {\it n}\cr +info editing +&Show next 10 commands\cr +\endsec + +\sec Working Files; +file {\it name}&Use {\it file} for symbols and executable\cr +core {\it name}&Read {\it file} as coredump\cr +exec {\it name}&Use {\it file} as executable only\cr +symbol {\it name}&Use only symbol table from {\it file}\cr +load {\it file} {\it addr}&Read additional symbols from {\it file}, +dynamically loaded at {\it addr}\cr +info files&Display working files and targets in use\cr +\cr +share \opt{\it regex}&Add symbol information for shared libraries +matching {\it regex}, or all shared libraries\cr +info share&List names of shared libraries currently loaded\cr +\endsec + +\vfill\eject +\sec Source Files; +dir {\it name}&Add directory {\it name} to front of source path\cr +dir&Clear source path\cr +info dir&Show current source path\cr +\cr +list&Show next ten lines of source\cr +list -&Show previous ten lines\cr +list {\it lines}&Display source centered around {\it lines}, +specified as one of:\cr +\quad{\opt{\it file\tt:}\it num}&Line number \opt{in named file}\cr +\quad{\opt{\it file\tt:}\it function}&Beginning of function \opt{in +named file}\cr +\quad{\tt +\it off}&{\it off} lines after last printed\cr +\quad{\tt -\it off}&{\it off} lines previous to last printed\cr +\quad{\tt*\it address}&Line containing {\it address}\cr +list {\it f},{\it l}&from line {\it f} to line {\it l}\cr +info line {\it num}&Show starting, ending addresses of compiled code for +source line {\it num}\cr +forw {\it regex}&Search following source lines for {\it regex}\cr +rev {\it regex}&Search preceding source lines for {\it regex}\cr +\endsec + +\sec GDB under GNU Emacs; +M-x gdb&Run GDB under Emacs\cr +\ctl{h} m&Describe GDB mode\cr +M-s&Step one line ({\tt step})\cr +M-n&Next line ({\tt next})\cr +M-i&Step one instruction ({\tt stepi})\cr +\ctl{c} \ctl{f}&Finish current stack frame ({\tt finish})\cr +M-c&Continue ({\tt cont})\cr +M-u&Up {\it arg} frames ({\tt up})\cr +M-d&Down {\it arg} frames ({\tt down})\cr +\ctl{x} SPC&(in source file) set break at point\cr +\endsec + + +\vfill +{\smrm\parskip=6pt +\centerline{Copyright \copyright 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.} +\centerline{Roland Pesch (pesch@cygnus.com), January 1991---\manvers} + +This card may be freely distributed under the terms of the GNU +General Public License. + +Please contribute to development of this card by annotating it. + +No author assumes any responsibility for any errors on this card.} +\end |