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2025-07-15vfio/migration: Max in-flight VFIO device state buffers size limitMaciej S. Szmigiero1-0/+13
Allow capping the maximum total size of in-flight VFIO device state buffers queued at the destination, otherwise a malicious QEMU source could theoretically cause the target QEMU to allocate unlimited amounts of memory for buffers-in-flight. Since this is not expected to be a realistic threat in most of VFIO live migration use cases and the right value depends on the particular setup disable this limit by default by setting it to UINT64_MAX. Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Avihai Horon <avihaih@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/qemu-devel/4f7cad490988288f58e36b162d7a888ed7e7fd17.1752589295.git.maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
2025-07-15vfio/migration: Add x-migration-load-config-after-iter VFIO propertyMaciej S. Szmigiero1-0/+6
This property allows configuring whether to start the config load only after all iterables were loaded, during non-iterables loading phase. Such interlocking is required for ARM64 due to this platform VFIO dependency on interrupt controller being loaded first. The property defaults to AUTO, which means ON for ARM, OFF for other platforms. Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Avihai Horon <avihaih@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/qemu-devel/0e03c60dbc91f9a9ba2516929574df605b7dfcb4.1752589295.git.maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
2025-07-11migration: Rename save_live_complete_precopy_thread to ↵Juraj Marcin1-2/+2
save_complete_precopy_thread Recent patch [1] renames the save_live_complete_precopy handler to save_complete, as the machine is not live in most cases when this handler is executed. The same is true also for save_live_complete_precopy_thread, therefore this patch removes the "live" keyword from the handler itself and related types to keep the naming unified. In contrast to save_complete, this handler is only executed at the end of precopy, therefore the "precopy" keyword is retained. [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250613140801.474264-7-peterx@redhat.com/ Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com> Cc: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Juraj Marcin <jmarcin@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250626085235.294690-1-jmarcin@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2025-07-11migration: Rename save_live_complete_precopy to save_completePeter Xu2-8/+8
Now after merging the precopy and postcopy version of complete() hook, rename the precopy version from save_live_complete_precopy() to save_complete(). Dropping the "live" when at it, because it's in most cases not live when happening (in precopy). No functional change intended. Reviewed-by: Juraj Marcin <jmarcin@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250613140801.474264-7-peterx@redhat.com [peterx: squash the fixup that covers a few more doc spots, per Juraj] Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2025-07-11migration/docs: Move docs for postcopy blocktime featurePeter Xu1-19/+17
Move it out of vanilla postcopy session, but instead a standalone feature. When at it, removing the NOTE because it's incorrect now after introduction of max-postcopy-bandwidth, which can control the throughput even for postcopy phase. Reviewed-by: Juraj Marcin <jmarcin@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250613140801.474264-4-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2025-07-03vfio: doc changes for cprSteve Sistare1-3/+2
Update documentation to say that cpr-transfer supports vfio and iommufd. Signed-off-by: Steve Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/qemu-devel/1751493538-202042-22-git-send-email-steven.sistare@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
2025-03-06vfio/migration: Add x-migration-multifd-transfer VFIO propertyMaciej S. Szmigiero1-0/+15
This property allows configuring whether to transfer the particular device state via multifd channels when live migrating that device. It defaults to AUTO, which means that VFIO device state transfer via multifd channels is attempted in configurations that otherwise support it. Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/qemu-devel/d6dbb326e3d53c7104d62c96c9e3dd64e1c7b940.1741124640.git.maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com [ clg: Added documentation ] Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
2025-03-06vfio/migration: Multifd device state transfer support - send sideMaciej S. Szmigiero1-2/+17
Implement the multifd device state transfer via additional per-device thread inside save_live_complete_precopy_thread handler. Switch between doing the data transfer in the new handler and doing it in the old save_state handler depending if VFIO multifd transfer is enabled or not. Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/qemu-devel/4d727e2e0435e0022d50004e474077632830e08d.1741124640.git.maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com [ clg: - Reordered savevm_vfio_handlers - Updated save_live_complete_precopy* documentation ] Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
2025-03-06vfio/migration: Multifd device state transfer support - load threadMaciej S. Szmigiero1-0/+4
Add a thread which loads the VFIO device state buffers that were received via multifd. Each VFIO device that has multifd device state transfer enabled has one such thread, which is created using migration core API qemu_loadvm_start_load_thread(). Since it's important to finish loading device state transferred via the main migration channel (via save_live_iterate SaveVMHandler) before starting loading the data asynchronously transferred via multifd the thread doing the actual loading of the multifd transferred data is only started from switchover_start SaveVMHandler. switchover_start handler is called when MIG_CMD_SWITCHOVER_START sub-command of QEMU_VM_COMMAND is received via the main migration channel. This sub-command is only sent after all save_live_iterate data have already been posted so it is safe to commence loading of the multifd-transferred device state upon receiving it - loading of save_live_iterate data happens synchronously in the main migration thread (much like the processing of MIG_CMD_SWITCHOVER_START) so by the time MIG_CMD_SWITCHOVER_START is processed all the proceeding data must have already been loaded. Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/qemu-devel/9abe612d775aaf42e31646796acd2363c723a57a.1741124640.git.maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com [ clg: - Reordered savevm_vfio_handlers - Added switchover_start documentation ] Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
2025-03-06vfio/migration: Multifd device state transfer support - received buffers queuingMaciej S. Szmigiero1-0/+7
The multifd received data needs to be reassembled since device state packets sent via different multifd channels can arrive out-of-order. Therefore, each VFIO device state packet carries a header indicating its position in the stream. The raw device state data is saved into a VFIOStateBuffer for later in-order loading into the device. The last such VFIO device state packet should have VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_CONFIG_STATE flag set and carry the device config state. Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/qemu-devel/e3bff515a8d61c582b94b409eb12a45b1a143a69.1741124640.git.maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com [ clg: - Reordered savevm_vfio_handlers - Added load_state_buffer documentation ] Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
2025-01-29migration: cpr-transfer documentationSteve Sistare1-2/+182
Add documentation for the cpr-transfer migration mode. Signed-off-by: Steve Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1736967650-129648-25-git-send-email-steven.sistare@oracle.com [add -machine memory-backend=ram0] Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2025-01-17docs/devel: add a codebase sectionPierrick Bouvier1-0/+2
Present the various parts of QEMU and organization of codebase. Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Pierrick Bouvier <pierrick.bouvier@linaro.org> Message-Id: <20241209183104.365796-6-pierrick.bouvier@linaro.org> [AJB: tweak commit summary, update MAINTAINERS] Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Message-Id: <20250116160306.1709518-36-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
2024-12-19include/hw/qdev-properties: Remove DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LISTRichard Henderson1-1/+0
Now that all of the Property arrays are counted, we can remove the terminator object from each array. Update the assertions in device_class_set_props to match. With struct Property being 88 bytes, this was a rather large form of terminator. Saves 30k from qemu-system-aarch64. Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org> Tested-by: Lei Yang <leiyang@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241218134251.4724-21-richard.henderson@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
2024-12-15docs: Constify all Property in examplesRichard Henderson1-2/+2
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
2024-10-11docs: use consistent markup for footnotesPaolo Bonzini1-2/+2
Unfortunately, the definition of the footnote syntax requires the author to use the awkward escaped space "\ " in the really common case of "footnote marker at end of word or sentence"; and in fact the rST documentation's examples of footnote syntax contain only artificial examples that do *not* use the syntax. This resulted in ugly rendering of footnotes throughout QEMU's documentation. Ensure the space is escaped whenever the footnote must attach to the preceding word, and also use a named reference for clarity. Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
2024-10-04docs/devel: Mention post_load hook restrictions where we document the hookPeter Maydell1-0/+6
Accessing another device in a post_load hook is a bad idea, because the order of device save/restore is not fixed, and so this cross-device access makes the save/restore non-deterministic. We previously only flagged up this requirement in the record-and-replay developer docs; repeat it in the main migration documentation, where a developer trying to implement a post_load hook is more likely to see it. Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru> Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
2024-09-09docs/migration: add qatzip compression featureYuan Liu2-0/+166
add Intel QATzip compression method introduction Reviewed-by: Nanhai Zou <nanhai.zou@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Yuan Liu <yuan1.liu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Yichen Wang <yichen.wang@bytedance.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240830232722.58272-2-yichen.wang@bytedance.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-08-16docs: Fix some typos (found by typos) and grammar issuesStefan Weil1-2/+2
Fix the misspellings of "overriden" also in code comments. Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de> Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org> Message-Id: <20240813125638.395461-1-sw@weilnetz.de> Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Eric Auger <eric.auger@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org> Message-Id: <20240813202329.1237572-20-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
2024-06-21migration/docs: Update postcopy recover session for SETUP phasePeter Xu1-15/+16
Firstly, the "Paused" state was added in the wrong place before. The state machine section was describing PostcopyState, rather than MigrationStatus. Drop the Paused state descriptions. Then in the postcopy recover session, add more information on the state machine for MigrationStatus in the lines. Add the new RECOVER_SETUP phase. Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> [fix typo s/reconnects/reconnect] Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2024-06-21migration: Add documentation for fdset with multifd + fileFabiano Rosas2-6/+24
With the last few changes to the fdset infrastructure, we now allow multifd to use an fdset when migrating to a file. This is useful for the scenario where the management layer wants to have control over the migration file. By receiving the file descriptors directly, QEMU can delegate some high level operating system operations to the management layer (such as mandatory access control). The management layer might also want to add its own headers before the migration stream. Document the "file:/dev/fdset/#" syntax for the multifd migration with mapped-ram. The requirements for the fdset mechanism are: - the fdset must contain two fds that are not duplicates between themselves; - if direct-io is to be used, exactly one of the fds must have the O_DIRECT flag set; - the file must be opened with WRONLY on the migration source side; - the file must be opened with RDONLY on the migration destination side. Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2024-06-14docs/migration: add uadk compression featureShameer Kolothum2-0/+145
Document UADK(User Space Accelerator Development Kit) library details and how to use that for migration. Signed-off-by: Shameer Kolothum <shameerali.kolothum.thodi@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Zhangfei Gao <zhangfei.gao@linaro.org> [s/Qemu/QEMU in docs] Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2024-06-14docs/migration: add qpl compression featureYuan Liu2-0/+261
add Intel Query Processing Library (QPL) compression method introduction Signed-off-by: Yuan Liu <yuan1.liu@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Nanhai Zou <nanhai.zou@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Acked-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2024-05-08migration: Remove block migrationFabiano Rosas1-1/+1
The block migration has been considered obsolete since QEMU 8.2 in favor of the more flexible storage migration provided by the blockdev-mirror driver. Two releases have passed so now it's time to remove it. Deprecation commit 66db46ca83 ("migration: Deprecate block migration"). Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
2024-03-13migration: cpr-reboot documentationSteve Sistare2-0/+148
Signed-off-by: Steve Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1710338119-330923-1-git-send-email-steven.sistare@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-03-11migration/multifd: Don't fsync when closing QIOChannelFileFabiano Rosas1-1/+2
Commit bc38feddeb ("io: fsync before closing a file channel") added a fsync/fdatasync at the closing point of the QIOChannelFile to ensure integrity of the migration stream in case of QEMU crash. The decision to do the sync at qio_channel_close() was not the best since that function runs in the main thread and the fsync can cause QEMU to hang for several minutes, depending on the migration size and disk speed. To fix the hang, remove the fsync from qio_channel_file_close(). At this moment, the migration code is the only user of the fsync and we're taking the tradeoff of not having a sync at all, leaving the responsibility to the upper layers. Fixes: bc38feddeb ("io: fsync before closing a file channel") Reviewed-by: "Daniel P. Berrangé" <berrange@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240305195629.9922-1-farosas@suse.de Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240305174332.2553-1-farosas@suse.de [peterx: add more comment to the qio_channel_close()] Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-03-01migration/ram: Introduce 'mapped-ram' migration capabilityFabiano Rosas2-0/+139
Add a new migration capability 'mapped-ram'. The core of the feature is to ensure that RAM pages are mapped directly to offsets in the resulting migration file instead of being streamed at arbitrary points. The reasons why we'd want such behavior are: - The resulting file will have a bounded size, since pages which are dirtied multiple times will always go to a fixed location in the file, rather than constantly being added to a sequential stream. This eliminates cases where a VM with, say, 1G of RAM can result in a migration file that's 10s of GBs, provided that the workload constantly redirties memory. - It paves the way to implement O_DIRECT-enabled save/restore of the migration stream as the pages are ensured to be written at aligned offsets. - It allows the usage of multifd so we can write RAM pages to the migration file in parallel. For now, enabling the capability has no effect. The next couple of patches implement the core functionality. Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240229153017.2221-8-farosas@suse.de Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-02-28docs/devel/migration.rst: Document the file transportFabiano Rosas1-0/+4
When adding the support for file migration with the file: transport, we missed adding documentation for it. Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240220224138.24759-2-farosas@suse.de Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-02-14exec/ioport: Add portio_list_set_enabled()Bernhard Beschow1-0/+1
Some SuperI/O devices such as the VIA south bridges or the PC87312 controller allow to enable or disable their SuperI/O functions. Add a convenience function for implementing this in the VIA south bridges. The naming of the functions is inspired by its memory_region_set_enabled() pendant. Signed-off-by: Bernhard Beschow <shentey@gmail.com> Message-Id: <20240114123911.4877-7-shentey@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
2024-02-14exec/ioport: Add portio_list_set_address()Bernhard Beschow1-2/+3
Some SuperI/O devices such as the VIA south bridges or the PC87312 controller are able to relocate their SuperI/O functions. Add a convenience function for implementing this in the VIA south bridges. This convenience function relies on previous simplifications in exec/ioport which avoids some duplicate synchronization of I/O port base addresses. The naming of the function is inspired by its memory_region_set_address() pendant. Signed-off-by: Bernhard Beschow <shentey@gmail.com> Message-Id: <20240114123911.4877-6-shentey@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Further move virtio to be feature of migrationPeter Xu2-1/+1
Move it one layer down, so taking Virtio-migration as a feature for migration. Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-11-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Further move vfio to be feature of migrationPeter Xu2-1/+1
Move it one layer down, so taking VFIO-migration as a feature for migration. Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com> Cc: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-10-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Organize "Postcopy" pagePeter Xu1-75/+84
Reorganize the page, moving things around, and add a few headlines ("Postcopy internals", "Postcopy features") to cover sub-areas. Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-9-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Split "dirty limit"Peter Xu3-71/+72
Split that into a separate file, put under "features". Cc: Yong Huang <yong.huang@smartx.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-8-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Split "Postcopy"Peter Xu4-305/+314
Split postcopy into a separate file. Introduce a head page "features.rst" to keep all the features on top of migration framework. Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-7-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Split "Debugging" and "Firmware"Peter Xu3-44/+49
Move the two sections into a separate file called "best-practices.rst". Add the entry into index. Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-6-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Split "Backwards compatibility" separatelyPeter Xu3-519/+518
Split the section from main.rst into a separate file. Reference it in the index.rst. Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-5-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Convert virtio.txt into rSTPeter Xu3-108/+116
Convert the plain old .txt into .rst, add it into migration/index.rst. Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-4-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Create index pagePeter Xu3-4/+15
Create an index page for migration module. Move VFIO migration there too. A trivial touch-up on the title to use lower case there. Since then we'll have "migration" as the top title, make the main doc file renamed to "migration framework". Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com> Cc: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-3-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
2024-01-16docs/migration: Create migration/ directoryPeter Xu3-0/+1830
Migration documentation is growing into a single file too large. Create a sub-directory for it for a split. We also already have separate vfio/virtio documentations, move it all over into the directory. Note that the virtio one is still not yet converted to rST. That is a job for later. Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com> Cc: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109064628.595453-2-peterx@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>