[libc++] Implement ranges::iota (#68494)

# Overview

As a disclaimer, this is my first PR to LLVM and while I've tried to
ensure I've followed the LLVM and libc++ contributing guidelines,
there's probably a good chance I missed something. If I have, just let
me know and I'll try to correct it as soon as I can.

This PR implements `std::ranges::iota` and
`std::ranges::out_value_result` outlined in
[P2440r1](https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2021/p2440r1.html).

As outlined in the paper above, I've:
- Implemented `out_value_result` and added to `<algorithm>`
- Added `out_value_result`, `iota_result`, and two overloads of `iota`
to `std::ranges` in `<numeric>`
- Updated the version macro `__cpp_lib_ranges_iota` in `<version>`

I've also added tests for `ranges::iota` and `ranges::out_value_result`.
Lastly, I added those structs to the appropriate module files.

Partially implements #105184

EDIT: Forgot to mention in the original post, thanks to @hawkinsw for
taking a look at a preliminary version of this PR!

# TODOs
- [x] Updating the range [status
doc](https://github.com/jamesETsmith/llvm-project/blob/main/libcxx/docs/Status/RangesMajorFeatures.csv)
- [x] Ensure all comments from https://reviews.llvm.org/D121436 are
addressed here
- [X] EDIT (I'll do this in a separate PR). ~~I'm open to implementing
the rest of P2440r1 (`ranges::shift_left` and `ranges::shift_right`) if
that's ok, I just wanted to get feedback on `ranges::iota` first~~
- [x] I've been having trouble building the modules locally and want to
make sure that's working properly

Closes: #134060

1 files changed, 6 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/libcxx/modules/std/numeric.inc b/libcxx/modules/std/numeric.inc
index 3bc7b23..5a54955 100644
--- a/libcxx/modules/std/numeric.inc
+++ b/libcxx/modules/std/numeric.inc
@@ -42,8 +42,12 @@ export namespace std {
   using std::iota;
 
   namespace ranges {
-    // using std::ranges::iota_result;
-    // using std::ranges::iota;
+
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
+    using std::ranges::iota;
+    using std::ranges::iota_result;
+#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
+
   } // namespace ranges
 
   // [numeric.ops.gcd], greatest common divisor