diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'manual/stdio.texi')
| -rw-r--r-- | manual/stdio.texi | 110 |
1 files changed, 55 insertions, 55 deletions
diff --git a/manual/stdio.texi b/manual/stdio.texi index e6e5614..b721af9 100644 --- a/manual/stdio.texi +++ b/manual/stdio.texi @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ representing a communications channel to a file, device, or process. * Binary Streams:: Some systems distinguish between text files and binary files. * File Positioning:: About random-access streams. -* Portable Positioning:: Random access on peculiar ANSI C systems. +* Portable Positioning:: Random access on peculiar ISO C systems. * Stream Buffering:: How to control buffering of streams. * Other Kinds of Streams:: Streams that do not necessarily correspond to an open file. @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ only in the technical sense. The @code{FILE} type is declared in the header file @file{stdio.h}. @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftp {Data Type} FILE This is the data type used to represent stream objects. A @code{FILE} object holds all of the internal state information about the connection @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ These streams are declared in the header file @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevar {FILE *} stdin The @dfn{standard input} stream, which is the normal source of input for the program. @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ program. @cindex standard input stream @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevar {FILE *} stdout The @dfn{standard output} stream, which is used for normal output from the program. @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ the program. @cindex standard output stream @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevar {FILE *} stderr The @dfn{standard error} stream, which is used for error messages and diagnostics issued by the program. @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Everything described in this section is declared in the header file @file{stdio.h}. @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun {FILE *} fopen (const char *@var{filename}, const char *@var{opentype}) The @code{fopen} function opens a stream for I/O to the file @var{filename}, and returns a pointer to the stream. @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ but output is always appended to the end of the file. @end table As you can see, @samp{+} requests a stream that can do both input and -output. The ANSI standard says that when using such a stream, you must +output. The ISO standard says that when using such a stream, you must call @code{fflush} (@pxref{Stream Buffering}) or a file positioning function such as @code{fseek} (@pxref{File Positioning}) when switching from reading to writing or vice versa. Otherwise, internal buffers @@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ file locking facilities to avoid simultaneous access. @xref{File Locks}. @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int FOPEN_MAX The value of this macro is an integer constant expression that represents the minimum number of streams that the implementation @@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ resource limit; @pxref{Limits on Resources}. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun {FILE *} freopen (const char *@var{filename}, const char *@var{opentype}, FILE *@var{stream}) This function is like a combination of @code{fclose} and @code{fopen}. It first closes the stream referred to by @var{stream}, ignoring any @@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ stream and the file is cancelled. After you have closed a stream, you cannot perform any additional operations on it. @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fclose (FILE *@var{stream}) This function causes @var{stream} to be closed and the connection to the corresponding file to be broken. Any buffered output is written @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ These functions are declared in the header file @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fputc (int @var{c}, FILE *@var{stream}) The @code{fputc} function converts the character @var{c} to type @code{unsigned char}, and writes it to the stream @var{stream}. @@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ character @var{c} is returned. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int putc (int @var{c}, FILE *@var{stream}) This is just like @code{fputc}, except that most systems implement it as a macro, making it faster. One consequence is that it may evaluate the @@ -318,14 +318,14 @@ use for writing a single character. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int putchar (int @var{c}) The @code{putchar} function is equivalent to @code{putc} with @code{stdout} as the value of the @var{stream} argument. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fputs (const char *@var{s}, FILE *@var{stream}) The function @code{fputs} writes the string @var{s} to the stream @var{stream}. The terminating null character is not written. @@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ outputs the text @samp{Are you hungry?} followed by a newline. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int puts (const char *@var{s}) The @code{puts} function writes the string @var{s} to the stream @code{stdout} followed by a newline. The terminating null character of @@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ not @code{EOF}, you can be sure that it will fit in a @samp{char} variable without loss of information. @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fgetc (FILE *@var{stream}) This function reads the next character as an @code{unsigned char} from the stream @var{stream} and returns its value, converted to an @@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ the stream @var{stream} and returns its value, converted to an @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int getc (FILE *@var{stream}) This is just like @code{fgetc}, except that it is permissible (and typical) for it to be implemented as a macro that evaluates the @@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ character. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int getchar (void) The @code{getchar} function is equivalent to @code{getc} with @code{stdin} as the value of the @var{stream} argument. @@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ getline (char **lineptr, size_t *n, FILE *stream) @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun {char *} fgets (char *@var{s}, int @var{count}, FILE *@var{stream}) The @code{fgets} function reads characters from the stream @var{stream} up to and including a newline character and stores them in the string @@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ error message. We recommend using @code{getline} instead of @code{fgets}. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefn {Deprecated function} {char *} gets (char *@var{s}) The function @code{gets} reads characters from the stream @code{stdin} up to the next newline character, and stores them in the string @var{s}. @@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ The function to unread a character is called @code{ungetc}, because it reverses the action of @code{getc}. @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int ungetc (int @var{c}, FILE *@var{stream}) The @code{ungetc} function pushes back the character @var{c} onto the input stream @var{stream}. So the next input from @var{stream} will @@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ These functions are declared in @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun size_t fread (void *@var{data}, size_t @var{size}, size_t @var{count}, FILE *@var{stream}) This function reads up to @var{count} objects of size @var{size} into the array @var{data}, from the stream @var{stream}. It returns the @@ -751,7 +751,7 @@ object. Therefore, the stream remains at the actual end of the file. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun size_t fwrite (const void *@var{data}, size_t @var{size}, size_t @var{count}, FILE *@var{stream}) This function writes up to @var{count} objects of size @var{size} from the array @var{data}, to the stream @var{stream}. The return value is @@ -1376,7 +1376,7 @@ just include @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int printf (const char *@var{template}, @dots{}) The @code{printf} function prints the optional arguments under the control of the template string @var{template} to the stream @@ -1385,14 +1385,14 @@ negative value if there was an output error. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fprintf (FILE *@var{stream}, const char *@var{template}, @dots{}) This function is just like @code{printf}, except that the output is written to the stream @var{stream} instead of @code{stdout}. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int sprintf (char *@var{s}, const char *@var{template}, @dots{}) This is like @code{printf}, except that the output is stored in the character array @var{s} instead of written to a stream. A null character is written @@ -1564,7 +1564,7 @@ Prototypes for these functions are declared in @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int vprintf (const char *@var{template}, va_list @var{ap}) This function is similar to @code{printf} except that, instead of taking a variable number of arguments directly, it takes an argument list @@ -1572,14 +1572,14 @@ pointer @var{ap}. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int vfprintf (FILE *@var{stream}, const char *@var{template}, va_list @var{ap}) This is the equivalent of @code{fprintf} with the variable argument list specified directly as for @code{vprintf}. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int vsprintf (char *@var{s}, const char *@var{template}, va_list @var{ap}) This is the equivalent of @code{sprintf} with the variable argument list specified directly as for @code{vprintf}. @@ -1912,7 +1912,7 @@ The facilities of this section are declared in the header file @end menu @strong{Portability Note:} The ability to extend the syntax of -@code{printf} template strings is a GNU extension. ANSI standard C has +@code{printf} template strings is a GNU extension. ISO standard C has nothing similar. @node Registering New Conversions @@ -2658,7 +2658,7 @@ Prototypes for these functions are in the header file @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int scanf (const char *@var{template}, @dots{}) The @code{scanf} function reads formatted input from the stream @code{stdin} under the control of the template string @var{template}. @@ -2672,14 +2672,14 @@ template), then @code{EOF} is returned. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fscanf (FILE *@var{stream}, const char *@var{template}, @dots{}) This function is just like @code{scanf}, except that the input is read from the stream @var{stream} instead of @code{stdin}. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int sscanf (const char *@var{s}, const char *@var{template}, @dots{}) This is like @code{scanf}, except that the characters are taken from the null-terminated string @var{s} instead of from a stream. Reaching the @@ -2750,7 +2750,7 @@ These symbols are declared in the header file @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int EOF This macro is an integer value that is returned by a number of functions to indicate an end-of-file condition, or some other error situation. @@ -2759,7 +2759,7 @@ value may be some other negative number. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun void clearerr (FILE *@var{stream}) This function clears the end-of-file and error indicators for the stream @var{stream}. @@ -2769,14 +2769,14 @@ end-of-file indicator for the stream. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int feof (FILE *@var{stream}) The @code{feof} function returns nonzero if and only if the end-of-file indicator for the stream @var{stream} is set. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int ferror (FILE *@var{stream}) The @code{ferror} function returns nonzero if and only if the error indicator for the stream @var{stream} is set, indicating that an error @@ -2799,7 +2799,7 @@ For more information about the descriptor-level I/O functions, see The GNU system and other POSIX-compatible operating systems organize all files as uniform sequences of characters. However, some other systems make a distinction between files containing text and files containing -binary data, and the input and output facilities of ANSI C provide for +binary data, and the input and output facilities of @w{ISO C} provide for this distinction. This section tells you how to write programs portable to such systems. @@ -2875,7 +2875,7 @@ are declared in the header file @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun {long int} ftell (FILE *@var{stream}) This function returns the current file position of the stream @var{stream}. @@ -2887,7 +2887,7 @@ possibly for other reasons as well. If a failure occurs, a value of @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fseek (FILE *@var{stream}, long int @var{offset}, int @var{whence}) The @code{fseek} function is used to change the file position of the stream @var{stream}. The value of @var{whence} must be one of the @@ -2915,7 +2915,7 @@ function (@pxref{I/O Primitives}) and to specify offsets for file locks (@pxref{Control Operations}). @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int SEEK_SET This is an integer constant which, when used as the @var{whence} argument to the @code{fseek} function, specifies that the offset @@ -2923,7 +2923,7 @@ provided is relative to the beginning of the file. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int SEEK_CUR This is an integer constant which, when used as the @var{whence} argument to the @code{fseek} function, specifies that the offset @@ -2931,7 +2931,7 @@ provided is relative to the current file position. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int SEEK_END This is an integer constant which, when used as the @var{whence} argument to the @code{fseek} function, specifies that the offset @@ -2939,7 +2939,7 @@ provided is relative to the end of the file. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun void rewind (FILE *@var{stream}) The @code{rewind} function positions the stream @var{stream} at the begining of the file. It is equivalent to calling @code{fseek} on the @@ -2977,7 +2977,7 @@ An alias for @code{SEEK_END}. On the GNU system, the file position is truly a character count. You can specify any character count value as an argument to @code{fseek} and -get reliable results for any random access file. However, some ANSI C +get reliable results for any random access file. However, some @w{ISO C} systems do not represent file positions in this way. On some systems where text streams truly differ from binary streams, it @@ -3024,7 +3024,7 @@ These symbols are declared in the header file @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftp {Data Type} fpos_t This is the type of an object that can encode information about the file position of a stream, for use by the functions @code{fgetpos} and @@ -3036,7 +3036,7 @@ representation. @end deftp @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fgetpos (FILE *@var{stream}, fpos_t *@var{position}) This function stores the value of the file position indicator for the stream @var{stream} in the @code{fpos_t} object pointed to by @@ -3046,7 +3046,7 @@ value in @code{errno}. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fsetpos (FILE *@var{stream}, const fpos_t @var{position}) This function sets the file position indicator for the stream @var{stream} to the position @var{position}, which must have been set by a previous @@ -3157,7 +3157,7 @@ If you want to flush the buffered output at another time, call @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int fflush (FILE *@var{stream}) This function causes any buffered output on @var{stream} to be delivered to the file. If @var{stream} is a null pointer, then @@ -3188,7 +3188,7 @@ file @file{stdio.h}. @pindex stdio.h @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun int setvbuf (FILE *@var{stream}, char *@var{buf}, int @var{mode}, size_t @var{size}) This function is used to specify that the stream @var{stream} should have the buffering mode @var{mode}, which can be either @code{_IOFBF} @@ -3218,7 +3218,7 @@ be honored. @end deftypefun @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int _IOFBF The value of this macro is an integer constant expression that can be used as the @var{mode} argument to the @code{setvbuf} function to @@ -3226,7 +3226,7 @@ specify that the stream should be fully buffered. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int _IOLBF The value of this macro is an integer constant expression that can be used as the @var{mode} argument to the @code{setvbuf} function to @@ -3234,7 +3234,7 @@ specify that the stream should be line buffered. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int _IONBF The value of this macro is an integer constant expression that can be used as the @var{mode} argument to the @code{setvbuf} function to @@ -3242,7 +3242,7 @@ specify that the stream should be unbuffered. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypevr Macro int BUFSIZ The value of this macro is an integer constant expression that is good to use for the @var{size} argument to @code{setvbuf}. This value is @@ -3265,7 +3265,7 @@ efficient size. @end deftypevr @comment stdio.h -@comment ANSI +@comment ISO @deftypefun void setbuf (FILE *@var{stream}, char *@var{buf}) If @var{buf} is a null pointer, the effect of this function is equivalent to calling @code{setvbuf} with a @var{mode} argument of |