linux: Add support for getrandom vDSO

Linux 6.11 has getrandom() in vDSO. It operates on a thread-local opaque
state allocated with mmap using flags specified by the vDSO.

Multiple states are allocated at once, as many as fit into a page, and
these are held in an array of available states to be doled out to each
thread upon first use, and recycled when a thread terminates. As these
states run low, more are allocated.

To make this procedure async-signal-safe, a simple guard is used in the
LSB of the opaque state address, falling back to the syscall if there's
reentrancy contention.

Also, _Fork() is handled by blocking signals on opaque state allocation
(so _Fork() always sees a consistent state even if it interrupts a
getrandom() call) and by iterating over the thread stack cache on
reclaim_stack. Each opaque state will be in the free states list
(grnd_alloc.states) or allocated to a running thread.

The cancellation is handled by always using GRND_NONBLOCK flags while
calling the vDSO, and falling back to the cancellable syscall if the
kernel returns EAGAIN (would block). Since getrandom is not defined by
POSIX and cancellation is supported as an extension, the cancellation is
handled as 'may occur' instead of 'shall occur' [1], meaning that if
vDSO does not block (the expected behavior) getrandom will not act as a
cancellation entrypoint. It avoids a pthread_testcancel call on the fast
path (different than 'shall occur' functions, like sem_wait()).

It is currently enabled for x86_64, which is available in Linux 6.11,
and aarch64, powerpc32, powerpc64, loongarch64, and s390x, which are
available in Linux 6.12.

Link: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9799919799/nframe.html [1]
Co-developed-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Tested-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com> # x86_64
Tested-by: Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org> # x86_64, aarch64
Tested-by: Xi Ruoyao <xry111@xry111.site> # x86_64, aarch64, loongarch64
Tested-by: Stefan Liebler <stli@linux.ibm.com> # s390x

2 files changed, 29 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/sysdeps/generic/getrandom-internal.h b/sysdeps/generic/getrandom-internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fe4653
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/generic/getrandom-internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/* Internal definitions for getrandom implementation.
+   Copyright (C) 2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _GETRANDOM_INTERNAL_H
+#define _GETRANDOM_INTERNAL_H
+
+static inline void __getrandom_early_init (_Bool)
+{
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/sysdeps/generic/not-cancel.h b/sysdeps/generic/not-cancel.h
index 2dd1064..8e3f49c 100644
--- a/sysdeps/generic/not-cancel.h
+++ b/sysdeps/generic/not-cancel.h
@@ -51,7 +51,9 @@
   __fcntl64 (fd, cmd, __VA_ARGS__)
 #define __getrandom_nocancel(buf, size, flags) \
   __getrandom (buf, size, flags)
-#define __getrandom_nocancel_nostatus(buf, size, flags) \
+#define __getrandom_nocancel_direct(buf, size, flags) \
+  __getrandom (buf, size, flags)
+#define __getrandom_nocancel_nostatus_direct(buf, size, flags) \
   __getrandom (buf, size, flags)
 #define __poll_infinity_nocancel(fds, nfds) \
   __poll (fds, nfds, -1)