Bug 18125: Call exit after last linked context.

There appears to be a discrepancy among the implementations
of setcontext with regards to the function called once the last
linked-to context has finished executing via setcontext.

The POSIX standard says:
~~~
If the uc_link member of the ucontext_t structure pointed to by
the ucp argument is equal to 0, then this context is the main
context, and the thread will exit when this context returns.
~~~

It says "exit" not "exit immediately" nor "exit without running
functions registered with atexit or on_exit."

Therefore the AArch64, ARM, hppa and NIOS II implementations are
wrong and no test detects it.

It is questionable if this should even be fixed or just documented
that the above 4 targets are wrong. The functions are deprecated
and nobody should be using them, but at the same time it silly to
have cross-target differences that make it hard to port old
applications from say x86_64 to AArch64.

Therefore I will ix the 4 arches, and checkin a regression
test to prevent it from changing again.

https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2015-03/msg00720.html

3 files changed, 200 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/stdlib/Makefile b/stdlib/Makefile
index c78fdb5..3300dd2 100644
--- a/stdlib/Makefile
+++ b/stdlib/Makefile
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ tests		:= tst-strtol tst-strtod testmb testrand testsort testdiv   \
 		   tst-qsort2 tst-makecontext2 tst-strtod6 tst-unsetenv1    \
 		   tst-makecontext3 bug-getcontext bug-fmtmsg1		    \
 		   tst-secure-getenv tst-strtod-overflow tst-strtod-round   \
-		   tst-tininess tst-strtod-underflow tst-tls-atexit
+		   tst-tininess tst-strtod-underflow tst-tls-atexit	    \
+		   tst-setcontext3
 tests-static	:= tst-secure-getenv
 
 modules-names	= tst-tls-atexit-lib
@@ -157,3 +158,9 @@ tst-tls-atexit-lib.so-no-z-defs = yes
 
 $(objpfx)tst-tls-atexit: $(shared-thread-library) $(libdl)
 $(objpfx)tst-tls-atexit.out: $(objpfx)tst-tls-atexit-lib.so
+
+$(objpfx)tst-setcontext3.out: tst-setcontext3.sh $(objpfx)tst-setcontext3
+	$(SHELL) $< $(common-objpfx) '$(test-program-prefix-before-env)' \
+		 '$(run-program-env)' '$(test-program-prefix-after-env)' \
+		 $(common-objpfx)stdlib/; \
+	$(evaluate-test)
diff --git a/stdlib/tst-setcontext3.c b/stdlib/tst-setcontext3.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fda2128
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/tst-setcontext3.c
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/* Bug 18125: Verify setcontext calls exit() and not _exit().
+   Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ucontext.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+/* Please note that depending on the outcome of Bug 18135 this test
+   may become invalid, and instead of testing for calling exit it
+   should be reworked to test for the last context calling
+   pthread_exit().  */
+
+static ucontext_t ctx;
+static char *filename;
+
+/* It is intended that this function does nothing.  */
+static void
+cf (void)
+{
+  printf ("called context function\n");
+}
+
+static void
+exit_called (void)
+{
+  int fd;
+  ssize_t res;
+  const char buf[] = "Called exit function\n";
+
+  fd = open (filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
+  if (fd == -1)
+    {
+      printf ("FAIL: Unable to create test file %s\n", filename);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  res = write (fd, buf, sizeof (buf));
+  if (res != sizeof (buf))
+    {
+      printf ("FAIL: Expected to write test file in one write call.\n");
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  res = close (fd);
+  if (res == -1)
+    {
+      printf ("FAIL: Failed to close test file.\n");
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  printf ("PASS: %s", buf);
+}
+
+/* The test expects a filename given by the wrapper calling script.
+   The test then registers an atexit handler that will create the
+   file to indicate that the atexit handler ran. Then the test
+   creates a context, modifies it with makecontext, and sets it.
+   The context has only a single context which then must exit.
+   If it incorrectly exits via _exit then the atexit handler is
+   not run, the file is not created, and the wrapper detects this
+   and fails the test.  This test cannot be done using an _exit
+   interposer since setcontext avoids the PLT and calls _exit
+   directly.  */
+static int
+do_test (int argc, char **argv)
+{
+  int ret;
+  char st1[32768];
+  ucontext_t tempctx = ctx;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+    {
+      printf ("FAIL: Test missing filename argument.\n");
+      exit (1);
+    }
+
+  filename = argv[1];
+
+  atexit (exit_called);
+
+  puts ("making contexts");
+  if (getcontext (&ctx) != 0)
+    {
+      if (errno == ENOSYS)
+	{
+	  /* Exit with 77 to mark the test as UNSUPPORTED.  */
+	  printf ("UNSUPPORTED: getcontext not implemented.\n");
+	  exit (77);
+	}
+
+      printf ("FAIL: getcontext failed.\n");
+      exit (1);
+    }
+
+  ctx.uc_stack.ss_sp = st1;
+  ctx.uc_stack.ss_size = sizeof (st1);
+  ctx.uc_link = 0;
+  makecontext (&ctx, cf, 0);
+
+  /* Without this check, a stub makecontext can make us spin forever.  */
+  if (memcmp (&tempctx, &ctx, sizeof ctx) == 0)
+    {
+      puts ("UNSUPPORTED: makecontext was a no-op, presuming not implemented");
+      exit (77);
+    }
+
+  ret = setcontext (&ctx);
+  if (ret != 0)
+    {
+      printf ("FAIL: setcontext returned with %d and errno of %d.\n", ret, errno);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+
+  printf ("FAIL: Impossibly returned to main.\n");
+  exit (1);
+}
+
+#include "../test-skeleton.c"
diff --git a/stdlib/tst-setcontext3.sh b/stdlib/tst-setcontext3.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ad67a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/tst-setcontext3.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+# Bug 18125: Test the exit functionality of setcontext().
+# Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+# The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+# The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+# <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+set -e
+
+common_objpfx=$1
+test_program_prefix_before_env=$2
+run_program_env=$3
+test_program_prefix_after_env=$4
+objpfx=$5
+
+test_pre="${test_program_prefix_before_env} ${run_program_env}"
+test="${test_program_prefix_after_env} ${objpfx}tst-setcontext3"
+out=${objpfx}tst-setcontext3.out
+
+tempfiles=()
+cleanup() {
+  rm -f "${tempfiles[@]}"
+}
+trap cleanup 0
+
+tempfile=$(mktemp "tst-setcontext3.XXXXXXXXXX")
+tempfiles+=("$tempfile")
+
+# We want to run the test program and see if secontext called
+# exit() and wrote out the test file we specified.  If the
+# test exits with a non-zero status this will fail because we
+# are using `set -e`.
+$test_pre $test "$tempfile"
+
+# Look for resulting file.
+if [ -e "$tempfile" ]; then
+  echo "PASS: tst-setcontext3 an exit() and created $tempfile"
+  exit 0
+else
+  echo "FAIL: tst-setcontext3 did not create $tempfile"
+  exit 1
+fi