path: root/gdb/testsuite/lib/gen-perf-test.exp

# Copyright (C) 2013-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
# Notes:
# 1) This follows a Python convention for marking internal vs public functions.
# Internal functions are prefixed with "_".

# A simple testcase generator.
#
# Usage Notes:
#
# 1) The length of each parameter list must either be one, in which case the
# same value is used for each run, or the length must match all other
# parameters of length greater than one.
#
# 2) Values for parameters that vary across runs must appear in increasing
# order.  E.g. nr_gen_shlibs = { 0 1 10 } is good, { 1 0 10 } is bad.
# This rule simplifies the code a bit, without being onerous on the user:
#  a) Report generation doesn't have to sort the output by run, it'll already
#  be sorted.
#  b) In the static object file case, the last run can be used used to generate
#  all the source files.
#
# TODO:
# 1) have functions call each other within an objfile and across
#    objfiles to measure things like backtrace times
# 2) enums
#
# Implementation Notes:
#
# 1) The implementation would be a bit simpler if we could assume Tcl 8.5.
#    Then we could use a dictionary to record the testcase instead of an array.
#    With the array we use here, there is only one copy of it and instead of
#    passing its value we pass its name.  Yay Tcl.  An alternative is to just
#    use a global variable.
#
# 2) Because these programs can be rather large, we try to avoid recompilation
#    where we can.  We don't have a makefile: we could generate one but it's
#    not clear that's simpler than our chosen mechanism which is to record
#    sums of all the inputs, and detect if an input has changed that way.

if ![info exists CAT_PROGRAM] {
    set CAT_PROGRAM "/bin/cat"
}

# TODO(dje): Time md5sum vs sha1sum with our testcases.
if ![info exists SHA1SUM_PROGRAM] {
    set SHA1SUM_PROGRAM "/usr/bin/sha1sum"
}

namespace eval GenPerfTest {

    # The default level of compilation parallelism we support.
    set DEFAULT_PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM 10

    # The language of the test.
    set DEFAULT_LANGUAGE "c"

    # Extra source files for the binary.
    # This must at least include the file with main(),
    # and each test must supply its own.
    set DEFAULT_BINARY_EXTRA_SOURCES {}

    # Header files used by generated files and extra sources.
    set DEFAULT_BINARY_EXTRA_HEADERS {}

    # Extra source files for each generated shlib.
    # The compiler passes -DSHLIB=NNN which the source can use, for example,
    # to define unique symbols for each shlib.
    set DEFAULT_GEN_SHLIB_EXTRA_SOURCES {}

    # Header files used by generated files and extra sources.
    set DEFAULT_GEN_SHLIB_EXTRA_HEADERS {}

    # Source files for a tail shlib, or empty if none.
    # This library is loaded after all other shlibs (except any system shlibs
    # like libstdc++).  It is useful for exercising issues that can appear
    # with system shlibs, without having to cope with implementation details
    # and bugs in system shlibs.  E.g., gcc pr 65669.
    set DEFAULT_TAIL_SHLIB_SOURCES {}

    # Header files for the tail shlib.
    set DEFAULT_TAIL_SHLIB_HEADERS {}

    # The number of shared libraries to create.
    set DEFAULT_NR_GEN_SHLIBS 0

    # The number of compunits in each objfile.
    set DEFAULT_NR_COMPUNITS 1

    # The number of public globals in each compunit.
    set DEFAULT_NR_EXTERN_GLOBALS 1

    # The number of static globals in each compunit.
    set DEFAULT_NR_STATIC_GLOBALS 1

    # The number of public functions in each compunit.
    set DEFAULT_NR_EXTERN_FUNCTIONS 1

    # The number of static functions in each compunit.
    set DEFAULT_NR_STATIC_FUNCTIONS 1

    # Class generation.
    # This is only used if the selected language permits it.
    # The class specs here are used for each compunit.
    # Additional flexibility can be added as needed, but for now KISS.
    #
    # key/value list of:
    # count: number of classes
    #   Default: 1
    # name: list of namespaces and class name prefix
    #   E.g., { ns0 ns1 foo } -> ns0::ns1::foo_<cu#>_{0,1,...}
    #   There is no default, this value must be specified.
    # nr_members: number of members
    #   Default: 0
    # nr_static_members: number of static members
    #   Default: 0
    # nr_methods: number of methods
    #   Default: 0
    # nr_inline_methods: number of inline methods
    #   Default: 0
    # nr_static_methods: number of static methods
    #   Default: 0
    # nr_static_inline_methods: number of static inline methods
    #   Default: 0
    #
    # E.g.,
    # class foo {};
    # namespace ns1 { class foo {}; }
    # namespace ns2 { class bar {}; }
    # would be represented as
    # {
    #   { count 1 name { foo } }
    #   { count 1 name { ns1 foo } }
    #   { count 1 name { ns2 bar } }
    # }
    # The actual generated class names will be
    # cu_N_foo_0, ns1::cu_N_foo_0, ns2::cu_N_bar_0
    # where "N" is the CU number.
    #
    # To keep things simple for now, all class definitions go in headers,
    # one class per header, with non-inline method definitions going
    # into corresponding source files.
    set DEFAULT_CLASS_SPECS {}

    # The default value for the "count" field of class_specs.
    set DEFAULT_CLASS_COUNT 1

    # The default number of members in each class.
    set DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_MEMBERS 0

    # The default number of static members in each class.
    set DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_STATIC_MEMBERS 0

    # The default number of methods in each class.
    set DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_METHODS 0

    # The default number of inline methods in each class.
    set DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_INLINE_METHODS 0

    # The default number of static methods in each class.
    set DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_STATIC_METHODS 0

    # The default number of static inline methods in each class.
    set DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_STATIC_INLINE_METHODS 0

    set header_suffixes(c) "h"
    set header_suffixes(c++) "h"
    set source_suffixes(c) "c"
    set source_suffixes(c++) "cc"

    # Generate .worker files that control building all the "pieces" of the
    # testcase.  This doesn't include "main" or any test-specific stuff.
    # This mostly consists of the "bulk" (aka "crap" :-)) of the testcase to
    # give gdb something meaty to chew on.
    # The result is 0 for success, -1 for failure.
    #
    # Benchmarks generated by some of the tests are big.  I mean really big.
    # And it's a pain to build one piece at a time, we need a parallel build.
    # To achieve this, given the framework we're working with, we need to
    # generate arguments to pass to a parallel make.  This is done by
    # generating several files and then passing the file names to the parallel
    # make.  All of the needed info is contained in the file name, so we could
    # do this differently, but this is pretty simple and flexible.

    proc gen_worker_files { test_description_exp } {
	global objdir PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM

	if { [file tail $test_description_exp] != $test_description_exp } {
	    error "test description file contains directory name"
	}

	set program_name [file rootname $test_description_exp]
	set workers_dir "$objdir/gdb.perf/workers/$program_name"
	file mkdir $workers_dir

	set nr_workers $PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM
	verbose -log "gen_worker_files: $test_description_exp $nr_workers workers"

	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_workers } { incr i } {
	    set file_name "${workers_dir}/${program_name}-${i}.worker"
	    verbose -log "gen_worker_files: Generating $file_name"
	    set f [open $file_name "w"]
	    puts $f "# DO NOT EDIT, machine generated file."
	    puts $f "# See perftest.exp:GenPerfTest::gen_worker_files."
	    close $f
	}

	return 0
    }

    # Load a perftest description.
    # Test descriptions are used to build the input files (binary + shlibs)
    # of one or more performance tests.

    proc load_test_description { basename } {
	global srcdir

	if { [file tail $basename] != $basename } {
	    error "test description file contains directory name"
	}

	verbose -log "load_file $srcdir/gdb.perf/$basename"
	if { [load_file $srcdir/gdb.perf/$basename] == 0 } {
	    error "Unable to load test description $basename"
	}
    }

    # Create a testcase object for test NAME.
    # The caller must call this as:
    # array set my_test [GenPerfTest::init_testcase $name]

    proc init_testcase { name } {
	set testcase(name) $name
	set testcase(language) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_LANGUAGE
	set testcase(run_names) [list $name]
	set testcase(binary_extra_sources) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_BINARY_EXTRA_SOURCES
	set testcase(binary_extra_headers) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_BINARY_EXTRA_HEADERS
	set testcase(gen_shlib_extra_sources) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_GEN_SHLIB_EXTRA_SOURCES
	set testcase(gen_shlib_extra_headers) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_GEN_SHLIB_EXTRA_HEADERS
	set testcase(tail_shlib_sources) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_TAIL_SHLIB_SOURCES
	set testcase(tail_shlib_headers) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_TAIL_SHLIB_HEADERS
	set testcase(nr_gen_shlibs) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_NR_GEN_SHLIBS
	set testcase(nr_compunits) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_NR_COMPUNITS

	set testcase(nr_extern_globals) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_NR_EXTERN_GLOBALS
	set testcase(nr_static_globals) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_NR_STATIC_GLOBALS
	set testcase(nr_extern_functions) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_NR_EXTERN_FUNCTIONS
	set testcase(nr_static_functions) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_NR_STATIC_FUNCTIONS

	set testcase(class_specs) $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_CLASS_SPECS

	# The location of this file drives the location of all other files.
	# The choice is derived from standard_output_file.  We don't use it
	# because of the parallel build support, we want each worker's log/sum
	# files to go in different directories, but we don't want their output
	# to go in different directories.
	# N.B. The value here must be kept in sync with Makefile.in.
	global objdir
	set name_no_spaces [_convert_spaces $name]
	set testcase(binfile) "$objdir/gdb.perf/outputs/$name_no_spaces/$name_no_spaces"

	return [array get testcase]
    }

    proc _verify_parameter_lengths { self_var } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set params {
	    binary_extra_sources binary_extra_headers
	    gen_shlib_extra_sources gen_shlib_extra_headers
	    tail_shlib_sources tail_shlib_headers
	    nr_gen_shlibs nr_compunits
	    nr_extern_globals nr_static_globals
	    nr_extern_functions nr_static_functions
	    class_specs
	}
	set nr_runs [llength $self(run_names)]
	foreach p $params {
	    set n [llength $self($p)]
	    if { $n > 1 } {
		if { $n != $nr_runs } {
		    error "Bad number of values for parameter $p"
		}
		set values $self($p)
		for { set i 0 } { $i < $n - 1 } { incr i } {
		    if { [lindex $values $i] > [lindex $values [expr $i + 1]] } {
			error "Values of parameter $p are not increasing"
		    }
		}
	    }
	}
    }

    # Verify the class_specs parameter.

    proc _verify_class_specs { self_var } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set nr_runs [llength $self(run_names)]
	for { set run_nr 0 } { $run_nr < $nr_runs } { incr run_nr } {
	    set class_specs [_get_param $self(class_specs) $run_nr]
	    foreach { spec } $class_specs {
		if { [llength $spec] % 2 != 0 } {
		    error "Uneven number of values in class spec: $spec"
		}
		foreach { key value } $spec {
		    switch -exact -- $key {
			name { }
			count -
			nr_members - nr_static_members -
			nr_methods - nr_static_methods -
			nr_inline_methods - nr_static_inline_methods
			{
			    if ![string is integer $value] {
				error "Non-integer value $value for key $key in class_specs: $class_specs"
			    }
			}
			default {
			    error "Unrecognized key $key in class_specs: $class_specs"
			}
		    }
		}
	    }
	}
    }

    # Verify the testcase is valid (as best we can, this isn't exhaustive).

    proc _verify_testcase { self_var } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	_verify_parameter_lengths self
	_verify_class_specs self

	# Each test must supply its own main().  We don't check for main here,
	# but we do verify the test supplied something.
	if { [llength $self(binary_extra_sources)] == 0 } {
	    error "Missing value for binary_extra_sources"
	}
    }

    # Return the value of parameter PARAM for run RUN_NR.

    proc _get_param { param run_nr } {
	if { [llength $param] == 1 } {
	    # Since PARAM may be a list of lists we need to use lindex.  This
	    # also works for scalars (scalars are degenerate lists).
	    return [lindex $param 0]
	}
	return [lindex $param $run_nr]
    }

    # Return non-zero if all files (binaries + shlibs) can be compiled from
    # one set of object files.  This is a simple optimization to speed up
    # test build times.  This happens if the only variation among runs is
    # nr_gen_shlibs or nr_compunits.

    proc _static_object_files_p { self_var } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	# These values are either scalars, or can vary across runs but don't
	# affect whether we can share the generated object objects between
	# runs.
	set static_object_file_params {
	    name language run_names nr_gen_shlibs nr_compunits
	    binary_extra_sources gen_shlib_extra_sources tail_shlib_sources
	}
	foreach name [array names self] {
	    if { [lsearch $static_object_file_params $name] < 0 } {
		# name is not in static_object_file_params.
		if { [llength $self($name)] > 1 } {
		    # The user could provide a list that is all the same value,
		    # so check for that.
		    set first_value [lindex $self($name) 0]
		    foreach elm [lrange $self($name) 1 end] {
			if { $elm != $first_value } {
			    return 0
			}
		    }
		}
	    }
	}
	return 1
    }

    # Return non-zero if classes are enabled.

    proc _classes_enabled_p { self_var run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set class_specs [_get_param $self(class_specs) $run_nr]
	return [expr [llength $class_specs] > 0]
    }

    # Spaces in file names are a pain, remove them.
    # They appear if the user puts spaces in the test name or run name.

    proc _convert_spaces { file_name } {
	return [regsub -all " " $file_name "-"]
    }

    # Return the compilation flags for the test.

    proc _compile_options { self_var } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set result {debug}
	switch $self(language) {
	    c++ {
		lappend result "c++"
	    }
	}
	return $result
    }

    # Return the path to put source/object files in for run number RUN_NR.

    proc _make_object_dir_name { self_var static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	# Note: The output directory already includes the name of the test
	# description file.
	set bindir [file dirname $self(binfile)]
	# Put the pieces in a subdirectory, there are a lot of them.
	if $static {
	    return "$bindir/pieces"
	} else {
	    set run_name [_convert_spaces [lindex $self(run_names) $run_nr]]
	    return "$bindir/pieces/$run_name"
	}
    }

    # RUN_NR is ignored if STATIC is non-zero.
    # SO_NR is the shlib number or "" for the binary.
    # CU_NR is either the compilation unit number or "main".

    proc _make_header_basename { self_var static run_nr so_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set header_suffix $GenPerfTest::header_suffixes($self(language))
	if { !$static } {
	    set run_name [_get_param $self(run_names) $run_nr]
	    if { "$so_nr" != "" } {
		set header_name "${run_name}-lib${so_nr}-cu${cu_nr}.$header_suffix"
	    } else {
		set header_name "${run_name}-cu${cu_nr}.$header_suffix"
	    }
	} else {
	    if { "$so_nr" != "" } {
		set header_name "lib${so_nr}-cu${cu_nr}.$header_suffix"
	    } else {
		set header_name "cu${cu_nr}.$header_suffix"
	    }
	}
	return "[_convert_spaces $header_name]"
    }

    # RUN_NR is ignored if STATIC is non-zero.
    # SO_NR is the shlib number or "" for the binary.
    # CU_NR is either the compilation unit number or "main".

    proc _make_header_name { self_var static run_nr so_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set header_name [_make_header_basename self $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr]
	return "[_make_object_dir_name self $static $run_nr]/$header_name"
    }

    # RUN_NR is ignored if STATIC is non-zero.
    # SO_NR is the shlib number or "" for the binary.
    # CU_NR is either the compilation unit number or "main".

    proc _make_source_basename { self_var static run_nr so_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set source_suffix $GenPerfTest::source_suffixes($self(language))
	if { !$static } {
	    set run_name [_get_param $self(run_names) $run_nr]
	    if { "$so_nr" != "" } {
		set source_name "${run_name}-lib${so_nr}-cu${cu_nr}.$source_suffix"
	    } else {
		set source_name "${run_name}-cu${cu_nr}.$source_suffix"
	    }
	} else {
	    if { "$so_nr" != "" } {
		set source_name "lib${so_nr}-cu${cu_nr}.$source_suffix"
	    } else {
		set source_name "cu${cu_nr}.$source_suffix"
	    }
	}
	return "[_convert_spaces $source_name]"
    }

    # RUN_NR is ignored if STATIC is non-zero.
    # SO_NR is the shlib number or "" for the binary.
    # CU_NR is either the compilation unit number or "main".

    proc _make_source_name { self_var static run_nr so_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set source_name [_make_source_basename self $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr]
	return "[_make_object_dir_name self $static $run_nr]/$source_name"
    }

    # Generated object files get put in the same directory as their source.
    # WARNING: This means that we can't do parallel compiles from the same
    # source file, they have to have different names.

    proc _make_binary_object_name { self_var static run_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set source_name [_make_source_name self $static $run_nr "" $cu_nr]
	return [file rootname $source_name].o
    }

    # Return the list of source/object files for the binary.
    # This is the source files specified in test param binary_extra_sources as
    # well as the names of all the object file "pieces".
    # STATIC is the value of _static_object_files_p for the test.

    proc _make_binary_input_file_names { self_var static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	global srcdir subdir
	set nr_compunits [_get_param $self(nr_compunits) $run_nr]
	set result {}
	foreach source [_get_param $self(binary_extra_sources) $run_nr] {
	    lappend result "$srcdir/$subdir/$source"
	}
	for { set cu_nr 0 } { $cu_nr < $nr_compunits } { incr cu_nr } {
	    lappend result [_make_binary_object_name self $static $run_nr $cu_nr]
	}
	return $result
    }

    proc _make_binary_name { self_var run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set run_name [_get_param $self(run_names) $run_nr]
	set exe_name "$self(binfile)-[_convert_spaces ${run_name}]"
	return $exe_name
    }

    # SO_NAME is either a shlib number or "tail".

    proc _make_shlib_name { self_var static run_nr so_name } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	if { !$static } {
	    set run_name [_get_param $self(run_names) $run_nr]
	    set lib_name "$self(name)-${run_name}-lib${so_name}.so"
	} else {
	    set lib_name "$self(name)-lib${so_name}.so"
	}
	set output_dir [file dirname $self(binfile)]
	return "[_make_object_dir_name self $static $run_nr]/[_convert_spaces $lib_name]"
    }

    proc _create_file { self_var path } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	verbose -log "Creating file: $path"
	set f [open $path "w"]
	return $f
    }

    proc _write_intro { self_var f } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	puts $f "// DO NOT EDIT, machine generated file."
	puts $f "// See perftest.exp:GenPerfTest."
    }

    proc _write_includes { self_var f includes } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	if { [llength $includes] > 0 } {
	    puts $f ""
	}
	foreach i $includes {
	    switch -glob -- $i {
		"<*>" {
		    puts $f "#include $i"
		}
		default {
		    puts $f "#include \"$i\""
		}
	    }
	}
    }

    proc _make_header_macro { name c } {
	return [string toupper "${name}_${c}"]
    }

    proc _write_static_globals { self_var f run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	puts $f ""
	set nr_static_globals [_get_param $self(nr_static_globals) $run_nr]
	# Rather than parameterize the number of const/non-const globals,
	# and their types, we keep it simple for now.	Even the number of
	# bss/non-bss globals may be useful; later, if warranted.
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_static_globals } { incr i } {
	    if { $i % 2 == 0 } {
		set const "const "
	    } else {
		set const ""
	    }
	    puts $f "static ${const}int static_global_$i = $i;"
	}
    }

    # ID is "" for the binary, and a unique symbol prefix for each SO.

    proc _write_extern_globals { self_var f run_nr id cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	puts $f ""
	set nr_extern_globals [_get_param $self(nr_extern_globals) $run_nr]
	# Rather than parameterize the number of const/non-const globals,
	# and their types, we keep it simple for now.	Even the number of
	# bss/non-bss globals may be useful; later, if warranted.
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_extern_globals } { incr i } {
	    if { $i % 2 == 0 } {
		set const "const "
	    } else {
		set const ""
	    }
	    puts $f "${const}int ${id}global_${cu_nr}_$i = $cu_nr * 1000 + $i;"
	}
    }

    proc _write_static_functions { self_var f run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set nr_static_functions [_get_param $self(nr_static_functions) $run_nr]
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_static_functions } { incr i } {
	    puts $f ""
	    puts $f "static void"
	    puts $f "static_function_$i (void)"
	    puts $f "{"
	    puts $f "}"
	}
    }

    # ID is "" for the binary, and a unique symbol prefix for each SO.

    proc _write_extern_functions { self_var f run_nr id cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set nr_extern_functions [_get_param $self(nr_extern_functions) $run_nr]
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_extern_functions } { incr i } {
	    puts $f ""
	    puts $f "void"
	    puts $f "${id}function_${cu_nr}_$i (void)"
	    puts $f "{"
	    puts $f "}"
	}
    }

    proc _get_class_spec { spec name } {
	foreach { key value } $spec {
	    if { $key == $name } {
		return $value
	    }
	}
	switch $name {
	    count {
		return $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_CLASS_COUNT
	    }
	    nr_members {
		return $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_MEMBERS
	    }
	    nr_static_members {
		return $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_STATIC_MEMBERS
	    }
	    nr_methods {
		return $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_METHODS
	    }
	    nr_inline_methods {
		return $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_INLINE_METHODS
	    }
	    nr_static_methods {
		return $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_STATIC_METHODS
	    }
	    nr_static_inline_methods {
		return $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_CLASS_NR_STATIC_INLINE_METHODS
	    }
	    default {
		error "required class-spec not present: $name"
	    }
	}
    }

    # SO_NR is the shlib number or "" for the binary.
    # CU_NR is either the compilation unit number or "main".
    # NAME is the "name" field from the class spec, which is
    # { ns0 ns1 ... nsN class_name }.
    # C is the iteration number, from the "count" field from the class spec.

    proc _make_class_name { so_nr cu_nr name c } {
	set class_name [lindex $name [expr [llength $name] - 1]]
	if { "$so_nr" != "" } {
	    set prefix "shlib${so_nr}_"
	} else {
	    set prefix ""
	}
	return "${prefix}cu_${cu_nr}_${class_name}_${c}"
    }

    proc _make_namespace_name { name } {
	if { "$name" == "anonymous" } {
	    return ""
	}
	return $name
    }

    proc _write_class_definitions { self_var f static run_nr so_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set class_specs [_get_param $self(class_specs) $run_nr]
	foreach spec $class_specs {
	    set count [_get_class_spec $spec count]
	    set name [_get_class_spec $spec name]
	    set nr_members [_get_class_spec $spec nr_members]
	    set nr_static_members [_get_class_spec $spec nr_static_members]
	    set nr_methods [_get_class_spec $spec nr_methods]
	    set nr_static_methods [_get_class_spec $spec nr_static_methods]
	    set depth [expr [llength $name] - 1]
	    for { set c 0 } { $c < $count } { incr c } {
		puts $f ""
		for { set i 0 } { $i < $depth } { incr i } {
		    puts $f "namespace [_make_namespace_name [lindex $name $i]]"
		    puts $f "\{"
		    puts $f ""
		}
		set class_name [_make_class_name $so_nr $cu_nr $name $c]
		puts $f "class $class_name"
		puts $f "\{"
		puts $f " public:"
		for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_members } { incr i } {
		    puts $f "  int member_$i;"
		}
		for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_static_members } { incr i } {
		    # Rather than parameterize the number of const/non-const
		    # members, and their types, we keep it simple for now.
		    if { $i % 2 == 0 } {
			puts $f "  static const int static_member_$i = $i;"
		    } else {
			puts $f "  static int static_member_$i;"
		    }
		}
		for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_methods } { incr i } {
		    puts $f "  void method_$i (void);"
		}
		for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_static_methods } { incr i } {
		    puts $f "  static void static_method_$i (void);"
		}
		_write_inline_methods self $f $so_nr $cu_nr $spec $c
		_write_static_inline_methods self $f $so_nr $cu_nr $spec $c
		puts $f "\};"
		for { set i [expr $depth - 1] } { $i >= 0 } { incr i -1 } {
		    puts $f ""
		    puts $f "\} // [lindex $name $i]"
		}
	    }
	}
    }

    proc _write_inline_methods { self_var f so_nr cu_nr spec c } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set name [_get_class_spec $spec name]
	set nr_inline_methods [_get_class_spec $spec nr_inline_methods]
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_inline_methods } { incr i } {
	    puts $f "  void inline_method_$i (void) { }"
	}
    }

    proc _write_static_inline_methods { self_var f so_nr cu_nr spec c } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set name [_get_class_spec $spec name]
	set nr_static_inline_methods [_get_class_spec $spec nr_static_inline_methods]
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_static_inline_methods } { incr i } {
	    puts $f "  static void static_inline_method_$i (void) { }"
	}
    }

    proc _write_class_implementations { self_var f static run_nr so_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set class_specs [_get_param $self(class_specs) $run_nr]
	foreach spec $class_specs {
	    set count [_get_class_spec $spec count]
	    set name [_get_class_spec $spec name]
	    set depth [expr [llength $name] - 1]
	    for { set c 0 } { $c < $count } { incr c } {
		for { set i 0 } { $i < $depth } { incr i } {
		    puts $f ""
		    puts $f "namespace [_make_namespace_name [lindex $name $i]]"
		    puts $f "\{"
		}
		_write_static_members self $f $so_nr $cu_nr $spec $c
		_write_methods self $f $so_nr $cu_nr $spec $c
		_write_static_methods self $f $so_nr $cu_nr $spec $c
		for { set i [expr $depth - 1] } { $i >= 0 } { incr i -1 } {
		    puts $f ""
		    puts $f "\} // [lindex $name $i]"
		}
	    }
	}
    }

    proc _write_static_members { self_var f so_nr cu_nr spec c } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set name [_get_class_spec $spec name]
	set nr_static_members [_get_class_spec $spec nr_static_members]
	set class_name [_make_class_name $so_nr $cu_nr $name $c]
	puts $f ""
	# Rather than parameterize the number of const/non-const
	# members, and their types, we keep it simple for now.
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_static_members } { incr i } {
	    if { $i % 2 == 0 } {
		# Static const members are initialized inline.
	    } else {
		puts $f "int ${class_name}::static_member_$i = $i;"
	    }
	}
    }

    proc _write_methods { self_var f so_nr cu_nr spec c } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set name [_get_class_spec $spec name]
	set nr_methods [_get_class_spec $spec nr_methods]
	set class_name [_make_class_name $so_nr $cu_nr $name $c]
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_methods } { incr i } {
	    puts $f ""
	    puts $f "void"
	    puts $f "${class_name}::method_$i (void)"
	    puts $f "{"
	    puts $f "}"
	}
    }

    proc _write_static_methods { self_var f so_nr cu_nr spec c } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set name [_get_class_spec $spec name]
	set nr_static_methods [_get_class_spec $spec nr_static_methods]
	set class_name [_make_class_name $so_nr $cu_nr $name $c]
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_static_methods } { incr i } {
	    puts $f ""
	    puts $f "void"
	    puts $f "${class_name}::static_method_$i (void)"
	    puts $f "{"
	    puts $f "}"
	}
    }

    proc _gen_compunit_header { self_var static run_nr so_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set header_file [_make_header_name self $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr]
	set f [_create_file self $header_file]
	_write_intro self $f
	set header_macro [_make_header_macro "HEADER_CU" $cu_nr]
	puts $f ""
	puts $f "#ifndef $header_macro"
	puts $f "#define $header_macro"
	if [_classes_enabled_p self $run_nr] {
	    _write_class_definitions self $f $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr
	}
	puts $f ""
	puts $f "#endif // $header_macro"
	close $f
	return $header_file
    }

    proc _gen_binary_compunit_source { self_var static run_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set source_file [_make_source_name self $static $run_nr "" $cu_nr]
	set f [_create_file self $source_file]
	_write_intro self $f
	_write_includes self $f [_get_param $self(binary_extra_headers) $run_nr]
	set header_file [_make_header_basename self $static $run_nr "" $cu_nr]
	puts $f "#include \"$header_file\""
	_write_static_globals self $f $run_nr
	_write_extern_globals self $f $run_nr "" $cu_nr
	_write_static_functions self $f $run_nr
	_write_extern_functions self $f $run_nr "" $cu_nr
	if [_classes_enabled_p self $run_nr] {
	    _write_class_implementations self $f $static $run_nr "" $cu_nr
	}
	close $f
	return $source_file
    }

    # Generate the sources for the pieces of the binary.
    # The result is a list of source file names and accompanying object file
    # names.  The pieces are split across workers.
    # E.g., with 10 workers the result for worker 0 is
    # { { source0 header0 object0 } { source10 header10 object10 } ... }

    proc _gen_binary_source { self_var worker_nr static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::_gen_binary_source worker $worker_nr run $run_nr, started [timestamp -format %c]"
	set nr_compunits [_get_param $self(nr_compunits) $run_nr]
	global PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM
	set nr_workers $PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM
	set result {}
	for { set cu_nr $worker_nr } { $cu_nr < $nr_compunits } { incr cu_nr $nr_workers } {
	    set header_file [_gen_compunit_header self $static $run_nr "" $cu_nr]
	    set source_file [_gen_binary_compunit_source self $static $run_nr $cu_nr]
	    set object_file [_make_binary_object_name self $static $run_nr $cu_nr]
	    lappend result [list $source_file $header_file $object_file]
	}
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::_gen_binary_source worker $worker_nr run $run_nr, done [timestamp -format %c]"
	return $result
    }

    proc _gen_shlib_compunit_source { self_var static run_nr so_nr cu_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set source_file [_make_source_name self $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr]
	set f [_create_file self $source_file]
	_write_intro self $f
	_write_includes self $f [_get_param $self(gen_shlib_extra_headers) $run_nr]
	set header_file [_make_header_basename self $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr]
	puts $f "#include \"$header_file\""
	_write_static_globals self $f $run_nr
	_write_extern_globals self $f $run_nr "shlib${so_nr}_" $cu_nr
	_write_static_functions self $f $run_nr
	_write_extern_functions self $f $run_nr "shlib${so_nr}_" $cu_nr
	if [_classes_enabled_p self $run_nr] {
	    _write_class_implementations self $f $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr
	}
	close $f
	return $source_file
    }

    # CU_NAME is a name from gen_shlib_extra_sources or tail_shlib_sources.

    proc _make_shlib_common_source_name { self_var static run_nr so_nr cu_name } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	if { !$static } {
	    set run_name [_get_param $self(run_names) $run_nr]
	    set source_name "${run_name}-lib${so_nr}-${cu_name}"
	} else {
	    set source_name "lib${so_nr}-${cu_name}"
	}
	return "[_make_object_dir_name self $static $run_nr]/[_convert_spaces $source_name]"
    }

    # N.B. gdb_compile_shlib doesn't support parallel builds of shlibs from
    # common sources: the .o file path will be the same across all shlibs.
    # gen_shlib_extra_sources may be common across all shlibs but they're each
    # compiled with -DSHLIB=$SHLIB so we need different .o files for each
    # shlib, and therefore we need different source files for each shlib.
    # If this turns out to be too cumbersome we can augment gdb_compile_shlib.

    proc _gen_shlib_common_source { self_var static run_nr so_nr source_name } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	global srcdir
	set source_file [_make_shlib_common_source_name self $static $run_nr $so_nr $source_name]
	file copy -force "$srcdir/gdb.perf/$source_name" ${source_file}
	return $source_file
    }

    # Generate the sources for a shared library.
    # The result is a list of source and header file names.
    # E.g., { { source0 source1 ... common0 ... } { header0 header1 ... } }

    proc _gen_shlib_source { self_var static run_nr so_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::_gen_shlib_source run $run_nr so $so_nr, started [timestamp -format %c]"
	set headers {}
	set sources {}
	set nr_compunits [_get_param $self(nr_compunits) $run_nr]
	for { set cu_nr 0 } { $cu_nr < $nr_compunits } { incr cu_nr } {
	    lappend headers [_gen_compunit_header self $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr]
	    lappend sources [_gen_shlib_compunit_source self $static $run_nr $so_nr $cu_nr]
	}
	foreach source_name [_get_param $self(gen_shlib_extra_sources) $run_nr] {
	    lappend sources [_gen_shlib_common_source self $static $run_nr $so_nr $source_name]
	}
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::_gen_shlib_source run $run_nr so $so_nr, done [timestamp -format %c]"
	return [list $sources $headers]
    }

    # Write Tcl array ARRAY_NAME to F.

    proc _write_tcl_array { self_var f array_name } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	if { "$array_name" != "$self_var" } {
	    global $array_name
	}
	puts $f "== $array_name =="
	foreach { name value } [array get $array_name] {
	    puts $f "$name: $value"
	}
    }

    # Write global Tcl state used for compilation to F.
    # If anything changes we want to recompile.

    proc _write_tcl_state { self_var f dest } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self

	# TODO(dje): gdb_default_target_compile references a lot of global
	# state.  Can we capture it all?  For now these are the important ones.

	set vars { CC_FOR_TARGET CXX_FOR_TARGET CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET }
	foreach v $vars {
	    global $v
	    if [info exists $v] {
		eval set value $$v
		puts $f "$v: $value"
	    }
	}

	puts $f ""
	_write_tcl_array self $f target_info
	puts $f ""
	_write_tcl_array self $f board_info
    }

    # Write all sideband non-file inputs, as well as OPTIONS to INPUTS_FILE.
    # If anything changes we want to recompile.

    proc _write_inputs_file { self_var dest inputs_file options } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	global env
	set f [open $inputs_file "w"]
	_write_tcl_array self $f self
	puts $f ""
	puts $f "options: $options"
	puts $f "PATH: [getenv PATH]"
	puts $f ""
	_write_tcl_state self $f $dest
	close $f
    }

    # Generate the sha1sum of all the inputs.
    # The result is a list of { error_code text }.
    # Upon success error_code is zero and text is the sha1sum.
    # Otherwise, error_code is non_zero and text is the error message.

    proc _gen_sha1sum_for_inputs { source_files header_files inputs } {
	global srcdir subdir CAT_PROGRAM SHA1SUM_PROGRAM
	set header_paths ""
	foreach f $header_files {
	    switch -glob -- $f {
		"<*>" {
		    # skip
		}
		"*gdb.perf/outputs/*" {
		    # in build tree
		    append header_paths " $f"
		}
		default {
		    append header_paths " $srcdir/$subdir/$f"
		}
	    }
	}
	verbose -log "_gen_sha1sum_for_inputs: summing $source_files $header_paths $inputs"
	set catch_result [catch "exec $CAT_PROGRAM $source_files $header_paths $inputs | $SHA1SUM_PROGRAM" output]
        return [list $catch_result $output]
    }

    # Return the contents of TEXT_FILE.
    # It is assumed TEXT_FILE exists and is readable.
    # This is used for reading files containing sha1sums, the
    # last newline is removed.

    proc _read_file { text_file } {
	set f [open $text_file "r"]
	set result [read -nonewline $f]
	close $f
	return $result
    }

    # Write TEXT to TEXT_FILE.
    # It is assumed TEXT_FILE can be opened/created and written to.

    proc _write_file { text_file text } {
	set f [open $text_file "w"]
	puts $f $text
	close $f
    }

    # Wrapper on gdb_compile* that computes sha1sums of inputs to decide
    # whether the compile is needed.
    # The result is the result of gdb_compile*: "" == success, otherwise
    # a compilation error occurred and the output is an error message.
    # This doesn't take all inputs into account, just the useful ones.
    # As an extension (or simplification) on gdb_compile*, if TYPE is
    # shlib then call gdb_compile_shlib, otherwise call gdb_compile.
    # Other possibilities *could* be handled this way, e.g., pthreads.  TBD.

    proc _perftest_compile { self_var source_files header_files dest type options } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	verbose -log "_perftest_compile $source_files $header_files $dest $type $options"
	# To keep things simple, we put all non-file inputs into a file and
	# then cat all input files through sha1sum.
	set sha1sum_file ${dest}.sha1sum
	set sha1new_file ${dest}.sha1new
	set inputs_file ${dest}.inputs
	global srcdir subdir
	set all_options $options
	lappend all_options "incdir=$srcdir/$subdir"
	_write_inputs_file self $dest $inputs_file $all_options
	set sha1sum [_gen_sha1sum_for_inputs $source_files $header_files $inputs_file]
	if { [lindex $sha1sum 0] != 0 } {
	    return "sha1sum generation error: [lindex $sha1sum 1]"
	}
	set sha1sum [lindex $sha1sum 1]
	if ![file exists $dest] {
	    file delete $sha1sum_file
	}
	if [file exists $sha1sum_file] {
	    set last_sha1sum [_read_file $sha1sum_file]
	    verbose -log "last: $last_sha1sum, new: $sha1sum"
	    if { $sha1sum == $last_sha1sum } {
		verbose -log "using existing build for $dest"
		return ""
	    }
	}
	# No such luck, we need to compile.
	file delete $sha1sum_file
	if { $type == "shlib" } {
	    set result [gdb_compile_shlib $source_files $dest $all_options]
	} else {
	    set result [gdb_compile $source_files $dest $type $all_options]
	}
	if { $result == "" } {
	    _write_file $sha1sum_file $sha1sum
	    verbose -log "wrote sha1sum: $sha1sum"
	}
	return $result
    }

    proc _compile_binary_pieces { self_var worker_nr static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set compile_options [_compile_options self]
	set nr_compunits [_get_param $self(nr_compunits) $run_nr]
	set extra_headers [_get_param $self(binary_extra_headers) $run_nr]
	global PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM
	set nr_workers $PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM
	# Generate the source first so we can more easily measure how long that
	# takes.  [It doesn't take hardly any time at all, relative to the time
	# it takes to compile it, but this will provide numbers to show that.]
	set todo_list [_gen_binary_source self $worker_nr $static $run_nr]
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::_compile_binary_pieces worker $worker_nr run $run_nr, started [timestamp -format %c]"
	foreach elm $todo_list {
	    set source_file [lindex $elm 0]
	    set header_file [lindex $elm 1]
	    set object_file [lindex $elm 2]
	    set all_header_files $extra_headers
	    lappend all_header_files $header_file
	    set compile_result [_perftest_compile self $source_file $all_header_files $object_file object $compile_options]
	    if { $compile_result != "" } {
		verbose -log "GenPerfTest::_compile_binary_pieces worker $worker_nr run $run_nr, failed [timestamp -format %c]"
		verbose -log $compile_result
		return -1
	    }
	}
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::_compile_binary_pieces worker $worker_nr run $run_nr, done [timestamp -format %c]"
	return 0
    }

    # Helper function to compile the pieces of a shlib.
    # Note: gdb_compile_shlib{,_pthreads} don't support first building object
    # files and then building the shlib.  Therefore our hands are tied, and we
    # just build the shlib in one step.  This is less of a parallelization
    # problem if there are multiple shlibs: Each worker can build a different
    # shlib.  If this proves to be a problem in practice we can enhance
    # gdb_compile_shlib* then.

    proc _compile_shlib { self_var static run_nr so_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set files [_gen_shlib_source self $static $run_nr $so_nr]
	set source_files [lindex $files 0]
	set header_files [lindex $files 1]
	set extra_headers [_get_param $self(gen_shlib_extra_headers) $run_nr]
	set shlib_file [_make_shlib_name self $static $run_nr $so_nr]
	set compile_options "[_compile_options self] additional_flags=-DSHLIB=$so_nr"
	set all_header_files $header_files
	append all_header_files $extra_headers
	set compile_result [_perftest_compile self $source_files $all_header_files $shlib_file shlib $compile_options]
	if { $compile_result != "" } {
	    verbose -log "_compile_shlib failed: $compile_result"
	    return -1
	}
	return 0
    }

    proc _gen_tail_shlib_source { self_var static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::_gen_tail_shlib_source run $run_nr"
	set source_files [_get_param $self(tail_shlib_sources) $run_nr]
	if { [llength $source_files] == 0 } {
	    return ""
	}
	set result ""
	foreach source_name $source_files {
	    lappend result [_gen_shlib_common_source self $static $run_nr tail $source_name]
	}
	return $result
    }

    proc _make_tail_shlib_name { self_var static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set source_files [_get_param $self(tail_shlib_sources) $run_nr]
	if { [llength $source_files] == 0 } {
	    return ""
	}
	return [_make_shlib_name self $static $run_nr "tail"]
    }

    # Helper function to compile the tail shlib, if it's specified.

    proc _compile_tail_shlib { self_var static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set source_files [_gen_tail_shlib_source self $static $run_nr]
	if { [llength $source_files] == 0 } {
	    return 0
	}
	set header_files [_get_param $self(tail_shlib_headers) $run_nr]
	set shlib_file [_make_tail_shlib_name self $static $run_nr]
	set compile_options [_compile_options self]
	set compile_result [_perftest_compile self $source_files $header_files $shlib_file shlib $compile_options]
	if { $compile_result != "" } {
	    verbose -log "_compile_tail_shlib failed: $compile_result"
	    return -1
	}
	verbose -log "_compile_tail_shlib failed: succeeded"
	return 0
    }

    # Compile the pieces of the binary and possible shlibs for the test.
    # The result is 0 for success, -1 for failure.

    proc _compile_pieces { self_var worker_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	global PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM
	set nr_workers $PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM
	set nr_runs [llength $self(run_names)]
	set static [_static_object_files_p self]
	verbose -log "_compile_pieces: static flag: $static"
	file mkdir "[file dirname $self(binfile)]/pieces"
	if $static {
	    # All the generated pieces look the same (run over run) so just
	    # build all the shlibs of the last run (which is the largest).
	    set last_run [expr $nr_runs - 1]
	    set nr_gen_shlibs [_get_param $self(nr_gen_shlibs) $last_run]
	    set object_dir [_make_object_dir_name self $static ignored]
	    file mkdir $object_dir
	    for { set so_nr $worker_nr } { $so_nr < $nr_gen_shlibs } { incr so_nr $nr_workers } {
		if { [_compile_shlib self $static $last_run $so_nr] < 0 } {
		    return -1
		}
	    }
	    # We don't shard building of tail-shlib, so only build it once.
	    if { $worker_nr == 0 } {
		if { [_compile_tail_shlib self $static $last_run] < 0 } {
		    return -1
		}
	    }
	    if { [_compile_binary_pieces self $worker_nr $static $last_run] < 0 } {
		return -1
	    }
	} else {
	    for { set run_nr 0 } { $run_nr < $nr_runs } { incr run_nr } {
		set nr_gen_shlibs [_get_param $self(nr_gen_shlibs) $run_nr]
		set object_dir [_make_object_dir_name self $static $run_nr]
		file mkdir $object_dir
		for { set so_nr $worker_nr } { $so_nr < $nr_gen_shlibs } { incr so_nr $nr_workers } {
		    if { [_compile_shlib self $static $run_nr $so_nr] < 0 } {
			return -1
		    }
		}
		# We don't shard building of tail-shlib, so only build it once.
		if { $worker_nr == 0 } {
		    if { [_compile_tail_shlib self $static $run_nr] < 0 } {
			return -1
		    }
		}
		if { [_compile_binary_pieces self $worker_nr $static $run_nr] < 0 } {
		    return -1
		}
	    }
	}
	return 0
    }

    # Main function invoked by each worker.
    # This builds all the things that are possible to build in parallel,
    # sharded up among all the workers.

    proc compile_pieces { self_var worker_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::compile_pieces worker $worker_nr, started [timestamp -format %c]"
	verbose -log "self: [array get self]"
	_verify_testcase self
	if { [_compile_pieces self $worker_nr] < 0 } {
	    verbose -log "GenPerfTest::compile_pieces worker $worker_nr, failed [timestamp -format %c]"
	    return -1
	}
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::compile_pieces worker $worker_nr, done [timestamp -format %c]"
	return 0
    }

    proc _make_shlib_options { self_var static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set nr_gen_shlibs [_get_param $self(nr_gen_shlibs) $run_nr]
	set result ""
	for { set i 0 } { $i < $nr_gen_shlibs } { incr i } {
	    lappend result "shlib=[_make_shlib_name self $static $run_nr $i]"
	}
	set tail_shlib_name [_make_tail_shlib_name self $static $run_nr]
	if { "$tail_shlib_name" != "" } {
	    lappend result "shlib=$tail_shlib_name"
	}
	return $result
    }

    proc _compile_binary { self_var static run_nr } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set input_files [_make_binary_input_file_names self $static $run_nr]
	set extra_headers [_get_param $self(binary_extra_headers) $run_nr]
	set binary_file [_make_binary_name self $run_nr]
	set compile_options [_compile_options self]
	set shlib_options [_make_shlib_options self $static $run_nr]
	if { [llength $shlib_options] > 0 } {
	    append compile_options " " $shlib_options
	}
	set compile_result [_perftest_compile self $input_files $extra_headers $binary_file executable $compile_options]
	if { $compile_result != "" } {
	    verbose -log "_compile_binary failed: $compile_result"
	    return -1
	}
	return 0
    }

    # Helper function for compile.
    # The result is 0 for success, -1 for failure.

    proc _compile { self_var } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	set nr_runs [llength $self(run_names)]
	set static [_static_object_files_p self]
	verbose -log "_compile: static flag: $static"
	for { set run_nr 0 } { $run_nr < $nr_runs } { incr run_nr } {
	    if { [_compile_binary self $static $run_nr] < 0 } {
		return -1
	    }
	}
	return 0
    }

    # Main function to compile the test program.
    # It is assumed all the pieces of the binary (all the .o's, except those
    # from test-supplied sources) have already been built with compile_pieces.
    # There's no need to compile any shlibs here, as compile_pieces will have
    # already built them too.
    # The result is 0 for success, -1 for failure.

    proc compile { self_var } {
	upvar 1 $self_var self
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::compile, started [timestamp -format %c]"
	verbose -log "self: [array get self]"
	_verify_testcase self
	if { [_compile self] < 0 } {
	    verbose -log "GenPerfTest::compile, failed [timestamp -format %c]"
	    return -1
	}
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::compile, done [timestamp -format %c]"
	return 0
    }

    # Main function for running a test.
    # It is assumed that the test program has already been built.

    proc run { builder_exp_file_name make_config_thunk_name py_file_name test_class_name } {
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::run, started [timestamp -format %c]"
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::run, $builder_exp_file_name $make_config_thunk_name $py_file_name $test_class_name"

	set testprog [file rootname $builder_exp_file_name]

	# This variable is required by perftest.exp.
	# This isn't the name of the test program, it's the name of the .py
	# test.  The harness assumes they are the same, which is not the case
	# here.
	global testfile
	set testfile [file rootname $py_file_name]

	GenPerfTest::load_test_description $builder_exp_file_name

	array set testcase [$make_config_thunk_name]

	PerfTest::assemble {
	    # Compilation is handled elsewhere.
	    return 0
	} {
	    clean_restart
	    return 0
	} {
	    global gdb_prompt
	    gdb_test_multiple "python ${test_class_name}('$testprog:$testfile', [tcl_string_list_to_python_list $testcase(run_names)], '$testcase(binfile)').run()" "run test" {
		-re "Error while executing Python code.\[\r\n\]+$gdb_prompt $" {
		    return -1
		}
		-re "\[\r\n\]+$gdb_prompt $" {
		}
	    }
	    return 0
	}
	verbose -log "GenPerfTest::run, done [timestamp -format %c]"
	return 0
    }

    # This function is invoked by the testcase builder scripts
    # (e.g., gmonster[12].exp).
    # It is not invoked by the testcase runner scripts
    # (e.g., gmonster[12]-*.exp).

    proc standard_compile_driver { exp_file_name make_config_thunk_name } {
	global GDB_PERFTEST_MODE GDB_PERFTEST_SUBMODE
	if ![info exists GDB_PERFTEST_SUBMODE] {
	    # Probably a plain "make check-perf", nothing to do.
	    # Give the user a reason why we're not running this test.
	    verbose -log "Test must be compiled/run in separate steps."
	    return 0
	}
	switch -glob -- "$GDB_PERFTEST_MODE/$GDB_PERFTEST_SUBMODE" {
	    compile/gen-workers {
		if { [GenPerfTest::gen_worker_files $exp_file_name] < 0 } {
		    fail $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
		    return -1
		}
		pass $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
	    }
	    compile/build-pieces {
		array set testcase [$make_config_thunk_name]
		global PROGRAM_NAME WORKER_NR
		if { [GenPerfTest::compile_pieces testcase $WORKER_NR] < 0 } {
		    fail $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
		    # This gdb.log lives in a different place, help the user
		    # find it.
		    set output_dir "gdb.perf/outputs"
		    send_user "check ${output_dir}/${PROGRAM_NAME}/${PROGRAM_NAME}-${WORKER_NR}/gdb.log\n"
		    return -1
		}
		pass $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
	    }
	    compile/final {
		array set testcase [$make_config_thunk_name]
		if { [GenPerfTest::compile testcase] < 0 } {
		    fail $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
		    return -1
		}
		pass $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
	    }
	    run/* - both/* {
		# Since the builder script is a .exp file living in gdb.perf
		# we can get here (dejagnu will find this file for a default
		# "make check-perf").  We can also get here when
		# standard_run_driver loads the builder .exp file.
	    }
	    default {
		error "Bad value for GDB_PERFTEST_MODE/GDB_PERFTEST_SUBMODE: $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE/$GDB_PERFTEST_SUBMODE"
	    }
	}
	return 0
    }

    # This function is invoked by the testcase runner scripts
    # (e.g., gmonster[12]-*.exp).
    # It is not invoked by the testcase builder scripts
    # (e.g., gmonster[12].exp).
    #
    # These tests are built separately with
    # "make build-perf" and run with
    # "make check-perf GDB_PERFTEST_MODE=run".
    # Eventually we can support GDB_PERFTEST_MODE=both, but for now we don't.

    proc standard_run_driver { builder_exp_file_name make_config_thunk_name py_file_name test_class_name } {
	global GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
	# First step is to compile the test.
	switch $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE {
	    compile - both {
		# Here is where we'd add code to support a plain
		# "make check-perf".
	    }
	    run {
	    }
	    default {
		error "Bad value for GDB_PERFTEST_MODE: $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE"
	    }
	}
	# Now run the test.
	switch $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE {
	    compile {
	    }
	    both {
		# Give the user a reason why we're not running this test.
		verbose -log "Test must be compiled/run in separate steps."
	    }
	    run {
		if { [GenPerfTest::run $builder_exp_file_name $make_config_thunk_name $py_file_name $test_class_name] < 0 } {
		    fail $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
		    return -1
		}
		pass $GDB_PERFTEST_MODE
	    }
	}
	return 0
    }
}

if ![info exists PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM] {
    set PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM $GenPerfTest::DEFAULT_PERF_TEST_COMPILE_PARALLELISM
}