diff options
author | Tristan Gingold <tristan.gingold@adacore.com> | 2014-12-23 15:54:51 +0100 |
---|---|---|
committer | Tristan Gingold <tristan.gingold@adacore.com> | 2014-12-23 15:54:51 +0100 |
commit | 68b975af7ef47a9d28f21f4c93431f35777a5109 (patch) | |
tree | a9d445c8f3f6fbe4353a49bada018b88122eb664 /binutils/doc | |
parent | d9ebca0c360a65af583829edec98aa879e301351 (diff) | |
download | fsf-binutils-gdb-binutils-2_25.zip fsf-binutils-gdb-binutils-2_25.tar.gz fsf-binutils-gdb-binutils-2_25.tar.bz2 |
Add generated files.binutils-2_25
Diffstat (limited to 'binutils/doc')
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/addr2line.1 | 315 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/ar.1 | 471 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/binutils.info | 4957 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/cxxfilt.man | 345 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/dlltool.1 | 538 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/elfedit.1 | 242 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/nlmconv.1 | 251 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/nm.1 | 539 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/objcopy.1 | 1033 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/objdump.1 | 859 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/ranlib.1 | 227 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/readelf.1 | 457 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/size.1 | 275 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/strings.1 | 304 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/strip.1 | 436 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/windmc.1 | 360 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | binutils/doc/windres.1 | 368 |
17 files changed, 11977 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/binutils/doc/addr2line.1 b/binutils/doc/addr2line.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..08e38a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/addr2line.1 @@ -0,0 +1,315 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "ADDR2LINE 1" +.TH ADDR2LINE 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +addr2line \- convert addresses into file names and line numbers. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +addr2line [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-addresses\fR] + [\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-C\fR|\fB\-\-demangle\fR[=\fIstyle\fR]] + [\fB\-e\fR \fIfilename\fR|\fB\-\-exe=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-functions\fR] [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-basename\fR] + [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-inlines\fR] + [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-pretty\-print\fR] + [\fB\-j\fR|\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIname\fR] + [\fB\-H\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [addr addr ...] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBaddr2line\fR translates addresses into file names and line numbers. +Given an address in an executable or an offset in a section of a relocatable +object, it uses the debugging information to figure out which file name and +line number are associated with it. +.PP +The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the \fB\-e\fR +option. The default is the file \fIa.out\fR. The section in the relocatable +object to use is specified with the \fB\-j\fR option. +.PP +\&\fBaddr2line\fR has two modes of operation. +.PP +In the first, hexadecimal addresses are specified on the command line, +and \fBaddr2line\fR displays the file name and line number for each +address. +.PP +In the second, \fBaddr2line\fR reads hexadecimal addresses from +standard input, and prints the file name and line number for each +address on standard output. In this mode, \fBaddr2line\fR may be used +in a pipe to convert dynamically chosen addresses. +.PP +The format of the output is \fB\s-1FILENAME:LINENO\s0\fR. By default +each input address generates one line of output. +.PP +Two options can generate additional lines before each +\&\fB\s-1FILENAME:LINENO\s0\fR line (in that order). +.PP +If the \fB\-a\fR option is used then a line with the input address +is displayed. +.PP +If the \fB\-f\fR option is used, then a line with the +\&\fB\s-1FUNCTIONNAME\s0\fR is displayed. This is the name of the function +containing the address. +.PP +One option can generate additional lines after the +\&\fB\s-1FILENAME:LINENO\s0\fR line. +.PP +If the \fB\-i\fR option is used and the code at the given address is +present there because of inlining by the compiler then additional +lines are displayed afterwards. One or two extra lines (if the +\&\fB\-f\fR option is used) are displayed for each inlined function. +.PP +Alternatively if the \fB\-p\fR option is used then each input +address generates a single, long, output line containing the address, +the function name, the file name and the line number. If the +\&\fB\-i\fR option has also been used then any inlined functions will +be displayed in the same manner, but on separate lines, and prefixed +by the text \fB(inlined by)\fR. +.PP +If the file name or function name can not be determined, +\&\fBaddr2line\fR will print two question marks in their place. If the +line number can not be determined, \fBaddr2line\fR will print 0. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. +.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-a" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-addresses\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--addresses" +.PD +Display the address before the function name, file and line number +information. The address is printed with a \fB0x\fR prefix to easily +identify it. +.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-b bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target=bfdname" +.PD +Specify that the object-code format for the object files is +\&\fIbfdname\fR. +.IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-C" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-demangle[=\fR\fIstyle\fR\fB]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--demangle[=style]" +.PD +Decode (\fIdemangle\fR) low-level symbol names into user-level names. +Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this +makes \*(C+ function names readable. Different compilers have different +mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to +choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. +.IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-e filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-exe=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--exe=filename" +.PD +Specify the name of the executable for which addresses should be +translated. The default file is \fIa.out\fR. +.IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-f" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-functions\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--functions" +.PD +Display function names as well as file and line number information. +.IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-s" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-basenames\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--basenames" +.PD +Display only the base of each file name. +.IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-i" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-inlines\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--inlines" +.PD +If the address belongs to a function that was inlined, the source +information for all enclosing scopes back to the first non-inlined +function will also be printed. For example, if \f(CW\*(C`main\*(C'\fR inlines +\&\f(CW\*(C`callee1\*(C'\fR which inlines \f(CW\*(C`callee2\*(C'\fR, and address is from +\&\f(CW\*(C`callee2\*(C'\fR, the source information for \f(CW\*(C`callee1\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`main\*(C'\fR +will also be printed. +.IP "\fB\-j\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-j" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-section\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--section" +.PD +Read offsets relative to the specified section instead of absolute addresses. +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-pretty\-print\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--pretty-print" +.PD +Make the output more human friendly: each location are printed on one line. +If option \fB\-i\fR is specified, lines for all enclosing scopes are +prefixed with \fB(inlined by)\fR. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/ar.1 b/binutils/doc/ar.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a6f91e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/ar.1 @@ -0,0 +1,471 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "AR 1" +.TH AR 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +ar \- create, modify, and extract from archives +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +ar [\fB\-X32_64\fR] [\fB\-\fR]\fIp\fR[\fImod\fR] [\fB\-\-plugin\fR \fIname\fR] [\fB\-\-target\fR \fIbfdname\fR] [\fIrelpos\fR] [\fIcount\fR] \fIarchive\fR [\fImember\fR...] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +The \s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR program creates, modifies, and extracts from +archives. An \fIarchive\fR is a single file holding a collection of +other files in a structure that makes it possible to retrieve +the original individual files (called \fImembers\fR of the archive). +.PP +The original files' contents, mode (permissions), timestamp, owner, and +group are preserved in the archive, and can be restored on +extraction. +.PP +\&\s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR can maintain archives whose members have names of any +length; however, depending on how \fBar\fR is configured on your +system, a limit on member-name length may be imposed for compatibility +with archive formats maintained with other tools. If it exists, the +limit is often 15 characters (typical of formats related to a.out) or 16 +characters (typical of formats related to coff). +.PP +\&\fBar\fR is considered a binary utility because archives of this sort +are most often used as \fIlibraries\fR holding commonly needed +subroutines. +.PP +\&\fBar\fR creates an index to the symbols defined in relocatable +object modules in the archive when you specify the modifier \fBs\fR. +Once created, this index is updated in the archive whenever \fBar\fR +makes a change to its contents (save for the \fBq\fR update operation). +An archive with such an index speeds up linking to the library, and +allows routines in the library to call each other without regard to +their placement in the archive. +.PP +You may use \fBnm \-s\fR or \fBnm \-\-print\-armap\fR to list this index +table. If an archive lacks the table, another form of \fBar\fR called +\&\fBranlib\fR can be used to add just the table. +.PP +\&\s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR can optionally create a \fIthin\fR archive, +which contains a symbol index and references to the original copies +of the member files of the archive. This is useful for building +libraries for use within a local build tree, where the relocatable +objects are expected to remain available, and copying the contents of +each object would only waste time and space. +.PP +An archive can either be \fIthin\fR or it can be normal. It cannot +be both at the same time. Once an archive is created its format +cannot be changed without first deleting it and then creating a new +archive in its place. +.PP +Thin archives are also \fIflattened\fR, so that adding one thin +archive to another thin archive does not nest it, as would happen with +a normal archive. Instead the elements of the first archive are added +individually to the second archive. +.PP +The paths to the elements of the archive are stored relative to the +archive itself. For security reasons absolute paths and paths with a +\&\f(CW\*(C`/../\*(C'\fR component are not allowed. +.PP +\&\s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR is designed to be compatible with two different +facilities. You can control its activity using command-line options, +like the different varieties of \fBar\fR on Unix systems; or, if you +specify the single command-line option \fB\-M\fR, you can control it +with a script supplied via standard input, like the \s-1MRI \s0\*(L"librarian\*(R" +program. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +\&\s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR allows you to mix the operation code \fIp\fR and modifier +flags \fImod\fR in any order, within the first command-line argument. +.PP +If you wish, you may begin the first command-line argument with a +dash. +.PP +The \fIp\fR keyletter specifies what operation to execute; it may be +any of the following, but you must specify only one of them: +.IP "\fBd\fR" 4 +.IX Item "d" +\&\fIDelete\fR modules from the archive. Specify the names of modules to +be deleted as \fImember\fR...; the archive is untouched if you +specify no files to delete. +.Sp +If you specify the \fBv\fR modifier, \fBar\fR lists each module +as it is deleted. +.IP "\fBm\fR" 4 +.IX Item "m" +Use this operation to \fImove\fR members in an archive. +.Sp +The ordering of members in an archive can make a difference in how +programs are linked using the library, if a symbol is defined in more +than one member. +.Sp +If no modifiers are used with \f(CW\*(C`m\*(C'\fR, any members you name in the +\&\fImember\fR arguments are moved to the \fIend\fR of the archive; +you can use the \fBa\fR, \fBb\fR, or \fBi\fR modifiers to move them to a +specified place instead. +.IP "\fBp\fR" 4 +.IX Item "p" +\&\fIPrint\fR the specified members of the archive, to the standard +output file. If the \fBv\fR modifier is specified, show the member +name before copying its contents to standard output. +.Sp +If you specify no \fImember\fR arguments, all the files in the archive are +printed. +.IP "\fBq\fR" 4 +.IX Item "q" +\&\fIQuick append\fR; Historically, add the files \fImember\fR... to the end of +\&\fIarchive\fR, without checking for replacement. +.Sp +The modifiers \fBa\fR, \fBb\fR, and \fBi\fR do \fInot\fR affect this +operation; new members are always placed at the end of the archive. +.Sp +The modifier \fBv\fR makes \fBar\fR list each file as it is appended. +.Sp +Since the point of this operation is speed, implementations of +\&\fBar\fR have the option of not updating the archive's symbol +table if one exists. Too many different systems however assume that +symbol tables are always up-to-date, so \s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR will +rebuild the table even with a quick append. +.Sp +Note \- \s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR treats the command \fBqs\fR as a +synonym for \fBr\fR \- replacing already existing files in the +archive and appending new ones at the end. +.IP "\fBr\fR" 4 +.IX Item "r" +Insert the files \fImember\fR... into \fIarchive\fR (with +\&\fIreplacement\fR). This operation differs from \fBq\fR in that any +previously existing members are deleted if their names match those being +added. +.Sp +If one of the files named in \fImember\fR... does not exist, \fBar\fR +displays an error message, and leaves undisturbed any existing members +of the archive matching that name. +.Sp +By default, new members are added at the end of the file; but you may +use one of the modifiers \fBa\fR, \fBb\fR, or \fBi\fR to request +placement relative to some existing member. +.Sp +The modifier \fBv\fR used with this operation elicits a line of +output for each file inserted, along with one of the letters \fBa\fR or +\&\fBr\fR to indicate whether the file was appended (no old member +deleted) or replaced. +.IP "\fBs\fR" 4 +.IX Item "s" +Add an index to the archive, or update it if it already exists. Note +this command is an exception to the rule that there can only be one +command letter, as it is possible to use it as either a command or a +modifier. In either case it does the same thing. +.IP "\fBt\fR" 4 +.IX Item "t" +Display a \fItable\fR listing the contents of \fIarchive\fR, or those +of the files listed in \fImember\fR... that are present in the +archive. Normally only the member name is shown; if you also want to +see the modes (permissions), timestamp, owner, group, and size, you can +request that by also specifying the \fBv\fR modifier. +.Sp +If you do not specify a \fImember\fR, all files in the archive +are listed. +.Sp +If there is more than one file with the same name (say, \fBfie\fR) in +an archive (say \fBb.a\fR), \fBar t b.a fie\fR lists only the +first instance; to see them all, you must ask for a complete +listing\-\-\-in our example, \fBar t b.a\fR. +.IP "\fBx\fR" 4 +.IX Item "x" +\&\fIExtract\fR members (named \fImember\fR) from the archive. You can +use the \fBv\fR modifier with this operation, to request that +\&\fBar\fR list each name as it extracts it. +.Sp +If you do not specify a \fImember\fR, all files in the archive +are extracted. +.Sp +Files cannot be extracted from a thin archive. +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +Displays the list of command line options supported by \fBar\fR +and then exits. +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +Displays the version information of \fBar\fR and then exits. +.PP +A number of modifiers (\fImod\fR) may immediately follow the \fIp\fR +keyletter, to specify variations on an operation's behavior: +.IP "\fBa\fR" 4 +.IX Item "a" +Add new files \fIafter\fR an existing member of the +archive. If you use the modifier \fBa\fR, the name of an existing archive +member must be present as the \fIrelpos\fR argument, before the +\&\fIarchive\fR specification. +.IP "\fBb\fR" 4 +.IX Item "b" +Add new files \fIbefore\fR an existing member of the +archive. If you use the modifier \fBb\fR, the name of an existing archive +member must be present as the \fIrelpos\fR argument, before the +\&\fIarchive\fR specification. (same as \fBi\fR). +.IP "\fBc\fR" 4 +.IX Item "c" +\&\fICreate\fR the archive. The specified \fIarchive\fR is always +created if it did not exist, when you request an update. But a warning is +issued unless you specify in advance that you expect to create it, by +using this modifier. +.IP "\fBD\fR" 4 +.IX Item "D" +Operate in \fIdeterministic\fR mode. When adding files and the archive +index use zero for UIDs, GIDs, timestamps, and use consistent file modes +for all files. When this option is used, if \fBar\fR is used with +identical options and identical input files, multiple runs will create +identical output files regardless of the input files' owners, groups, +file modes, or modification times. +.Sp +If \fIbinutils\fR was configured with +\&\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR, then this mode is on by default. +It can be disabled with the \fBU\fR modifier, below. +.IP "\fBf\fR" 4 +.IX Item "f" +Truncate names in the archive. \s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR will normally permit file +names of any length. This will cause it to create archives which are +not compatible with the native \fBar\fR program on some systems. If +this is a concern, the \fBf\fR modifier may be used to truncate file +names when putting them in the archive. +.IP "\fBi\fR" 4 +.IX Item "i" +Insert new files \fIbefore\fR an existing member of the +archive. If you use the modifier \fBi\fR, the name of an existing archive +member must be present as the \fIrelpos\fR argument, before the +\&\fIarchive\fR specification. (same as \fBb\fR). +.IP "\fBl\fR" 4 +.IX Item "l" +This modifier is accepted but not used. +.IP "\fBN\fR" 4 +.IX Item "N" +Uses the \fIcount\fR parameter. This is used if there are multiple +entries in the archive with the same name. Extract or delete instance +\&\fIcount\fR of the given name from the archive. +.IP "\fBo\fR" 4 +.IX Item "o" +Preserve the \fIoriginal\fR dates of members when extracting them. If +you do not specify this modifier, files extracted from the archive +are stamped with the time of extraction. +.IP "\fBP\fR" 4 +.IX Item "P" +Use the full path name when matching names in the archive. \s-1GNU +\&\s0\fBar\fR can not create an archive with a full path name (such archives +are not \s-1POSIX\s0 complaint), but other archive creators can. This option +will cause \s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR to match file names using a complete path +name, which can be convenient when extracting a single file from an +archive created by another tool. +.IP "\fBs\fR" 4 +.IX Item "s" +Write an object-file index into the archive, or update an existing one, +even if no other change is made to the archive. You may use this modifier +flag either with any operation, or alone. Running \fBar s\fR on an +archive is equivalent to running \fBranlib\fR on it. +.IP "\fBS\fR" 4 +.IX Item "S" +Do not generate an archive symbol table. This can speed up building a +large library in several steps. The resulting archive can not be used +with the linker. In order to build a symbol table, you must omit the +\&\fBS\fR modifier on the last execution of \fBar\fR, or you must run +\&\fBranlib\fR on the archive. +.IP "\fBT\fR" 4 +.IX Item "T" +Make the specified \fIarchive\fR a \fIthin\fR archive. If it already +exists and is a regular archive, the existing members must be present +in the same directory as \fIarchive\fR. +.IP "\fBu\fR" 4 +.IX Item "u" +Normally, \fBar r\fR... inserts all files +listed into the archive. If you would like to insert \fIonly\fR those +of the files you list that are newer than existing members of the same +names, use this modifier. The \fBu\fR modifier is allowed only for the +operation \fBr\fR (replace). In particular, the combination \fBqu\fR is +not allowed, since checking the timestamps would lose any speed +advantage from the operation \fBq\fR. +.IP "\fBU\fR" 4 +.IX Item "U" +Do \fInot\fR operate in \fIdeterministic\fR mode. This is the inverse +of the \fBD\fR modifier, above: added files and the archive index will +get their actual \s-1UID, GID,\s0 timestamp, and file mode values. +.Sp +This is the default unless \fIbinutils\fR was configured with +\&\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR. +.IP "\fBv\fR" 4 +.IX Item "v" +This modifier requests the \fIverbose\fR version of an operation. Many +operations display additional information, such as filenames processed, +when the modifier \fBv\fR is appended. +.IP "\fBV\fR" 4 +.IX Item "V" +This modifier shows the version number of \fBar\fR. +.PP +\&\fBar\fR ignores an initial option spelt \fB\-X32_64\fR, for +compatibility with \s-1AIX. \s0 The behaviour produced by this option is the +default for \s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR. \fBar\fR does not support any of the other +\&\fB\-X\fR options; in particular, it does not support \fB\-X32\fR +which is the default for \s-1AIX \s0\fBar\fR. +.PP +The optional command line switch \fB\-\-plugin\fR \fIname\fR causes +\&\fBar\fR to load the plugin called \fIname\fR which adds support +for more file formats. This option is only available if the toolchain +has been built with plugin support enabled. +.PP +The optional command line switch \fB\-\-target\fR \fIbfdname\fR +specifies that the archive members are in an object code format +different from your system's default format. See +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fInm\fR\|(1), \fIranlib\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/binutils.info b/binutils/doc/binutils.info new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a483f38 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/binutils.info @@ -0,0 +1,4957 @@ +This is binutils.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.8 from +binutils.texi. + + Copyright (C) 1991-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + + Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no +Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover +Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU +Free Documentation License". + +INFO-DIR-SECTION Software development +START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY +* Binutils: (binutils). The GNU binary utilities. +END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY + +INFO-DIR-SECTION Individual utilities +START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY +* addr2line: (binutils)addr2line. Convert addresses to file and line. +* ar: (binutils)ar. Create, modify, and extract from archives. +* c++filt: (binutils)c++filt. Filter to demangle encoded C++ symbols. +* cxxfilt: (binutils)c++filt. MS-DOS name for c++filt. +* dlltool: (binutils)dlltool. Create files needed to build and use DLLs. +* nlmconv: (binutils)nlmconv. Converts object code into an NLM. +* nm: (binutils)nm. List symbols from object files. +* objcopy: (binutils)objcopy. Copy and translate object files. +* objdump: (binutils)objdump. Display information from object files. +* ranlib: (binutils)ranlib. Generate index to archive contents. +* readelf: (binutils)readelf. Display the contents of ELF format files. +* size: (binutils)size. List section sizes and total size. +* strings: (binutils)strings. List printable strings from files. +* strip: (binutils)strip. Discard symbols. +* elfedit: (binutils)elfedit. Update the ELF header of ELF files. +* windmc: (binutils)windmc. Generator for Windows message resources. +* windres: (binutils)windres. Manipulate Windows resources. +END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Top, Next: ar, Up: (dir) + +Introduction +************ + +This brief manual contains documentation for the GNU binary utilities +(GNU Binutils) version 2.25: + + This document is distributed under the terms of the GNU Free +Documentation License version 1.3. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". + +* Menu: + +* ar:: Create, modify, and extract from archives +* nm:: List symbols from object files +* objcopy:: Copy and translate object files +* objdump:: Display information from object files +* ranlib:: Generate index to archive contents +* size:: List section sizes and total size +* strings:: List printable strings from files +* strip:: Discard symbols +* c++filt:: Filter to demangle encoded C++ symbols +* cxxfilt: c++filt. MS-DOS name for c++filt +* addr2line:: Convert addresses to file and line +* nlmconv:: Converts object code into an NLM +* windmc:: Generator for Windows message resources +* windres:: Manipulate Windows resources +* dlltool:: Create files needed to build and use DLLs +* readelf:: Display the contents of ELF format files +* elfedit:: Update the ELF header of ELF files +* Common Options:: Command-line options for all utilities +* Selecting the Target System:: How these utilities determine the target +* Reporting Bugs:: Reporting Bugs +* GNU Free Documentation License:: GNU Free Documentation License +* Binutils Index:: Binutils Index + + +File: binutils.info, Node: ar, Next: nm, Prev: Top, Up: Top + +1 ar +**** + + ar [-]P[MOD] [`--plugin' NAME] [`--target' BFDNAME] [RELPOS] [COUNT] ARCHIVE [MEMBER...] + ar -M [ <mri-script ] + + The GNU `ar' program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives. +An "archive" is a single file holding a collection of other files in a +structure that makes it possible to retrieve the original individual +files (called "members" of the archive). + + The original files' contents, mode (permissions), timestamp, owner, +and group are preserved in the archive, and can be restored on +extraction. + + GNU `ar' can maintain archives whose members have names of any +length; however, depending on how `ar' is configured on your system, a +limit on member-name length may be imposed for compatibility with +archive formats maintained with other tools. If it exists, the limit +is often 15 characters (typical of formats related to a.out) or 16 +characters (typical of formats related to coff). + + `ar' is considered a binary utility because archives of this sort +are most often used as "libraries" holding commonly needed subroutines. + + `ar' creates an index to the symbols defined in relocatable object +modules in the archive when you specify the modifier `s'. Once +created, this index is updated in the archive whenever `ar' makes a +change to its contents (save for the `q' update operation). An archive +with such an index speeds up linking to the library, and allows +routines in the library to call each other without regard to their +placement in the archive. + + You may use `nm -s' or `nm --print-armap' to list this index table. +If an archive lacks the table, another form of `ar' called `ranlib' can +be used to add just the table. + + GNU `ar' can optionally create a _thin_ archive, which contains a +symbol index and references to the original copies of the member files +of the archive. This is useful for building libraries for use within a +local build tree, where the relocatable objects are expected to remain +available, and copying the contents of each object would only waste +time and space. + + An archive can either be _thin_ or it can be normal. It cannot be +both at the same time. Once an archive is created its format cannot be +changed without first deleting it and then creating a new archive in +its place. + + Thin archives are also _flattened_, so that adding one thin archive +to another thin archive does not nest it, as would happen with a normal +archive. Instead the elements of the first archive are added +individually to the second archive. + + The paths to the elements of the archive are stored relative to the +archive itself. For security reasons absolute paths and paths with a +`/../' component are not allowed. + + GNU `ar' is designed to be compatible with two different facilities. +You can control its activity using command-line options, like the +different varieties of `ar' on Unix systems; or, if you specify the +single command-line option `-M', you can control it with a script +supplied via standard input, like the MRI "librarian" program. + +* Menu: + +* ar cmdline:: Controlling `ar' on the command line +* ar scripts:: Controlling `ar' with a script + + +File: binutils.info, Node: ar cmdline, Next: ar scripts, Up: ar + +1.1 Controlling `ar' on the Command Line +======================================== + + ar [`-X32_64'] [`-']P[MOD] [`--plugin' NAME] [`--target' BFDNAME] [RELPOS] [COUNT] ARCHIVE [MEMBER...] + + When you use `ar' in the Unix style, `ar' insists on at least two +arguments to execute: one keyletter specifying the _operation_ +(optionally accompanied by other keyletters specifying _modifiers_), +and the archive name to act on. + + Most operations can also accept further MEMBER arguments, specifying +particular files to operate on. + + GNU `ar' allows you to mix the operation code P and modifier flags +MOD in any order, within the first command-line argument. + + If you wish, you may begin the first command-line argument with a +dash. + + The P keyletter specifies what operation to execute; it may be any +of the following, but you must specify only one of them: + +`d' + _Delete_ modules from the archive. Specify the names of modules to + be deleted as MEMBER...; the archive is untouched if you specify + no files to delete. + + If you specify the `v' modifier, `ar' lists each module as it is + deleted. + +`m' + Use this operation to _move_ members in an archive. + + The ordering of members in an archive can make a difference in how + programs are linked using the library, if a symbol is defined in + more than one member. + + If no modifiers are used with `m', any members you name in the + MEMBER arguments are moved to the _end_ of the archive; you can + use the `a', `b', or `i' modifiers to move them to a specified + place instead. + +`p' + _Print_ the specified members of the archive, to the standard + output file. If the `v' modifier is specified, show the member + name before copying its contents to standard output. + + If you specify no MEMBER arguments, all the files in the archive + are printed. + +`q' + _Quick append_; Historically, add the files MEMBER... to the end of + ARCHIVE, without checking for replacement. + + The modifiers `a', `b', and `i' do _not_ affect this operation; + new members are always placed at the end of the archive. + + The modifier `v' makes `ar' list each file as it is appended. + + Since the point of this operation is speed, implementations of + `ar' have the option of not updating the archive's symbol table if + one exists. Too many different systems however assume that symbol + tables are always up-to-date, so GNU `ar' will rebuild the table + even with a quick append. + + Note - GNU `ar' treats the command `qs' as a synonym for `r' - + replacing already existing files in the archive and appending new + ones at the end. + +`r' + Insert the files MEMBER... into ARCHIVE (with _replacement_). This + operation differs from `q' in that any previously existing members + are deleted if their names match those being added. + + If one of the files named in MEMBER... does not exist, `ar' + displays an error message, and leaves undisturbed any existing + members of the archive matching that name. + + By default, new members are added at the end of the file; but you + may use one of the modifiers `a', `b', or `i' to request placement + relative to some existing member. + + The modifier `v' used with this operation elicits a line of output + for each file inserted, along with one of the letters `a' or `r' + to indicate whether the file was appended (no old member deleted) + or replaced. + +`s' + Add an index to the archive, or update it if it already exists. + Note this command is an exception to the rule that there can only + be one command letter, as it is possible to use it as either a + command or a modifier. In either case it does the same thing. + +`t' + Display a _table_ listing the contents of ARCHIVE, or those of the + files listed in MEMBER... that are present in the archive. + Normally only the member name is shown; if you also want to see + the modes (permissions), timestamp, owner, group, and size, you can + request that by also specifying the `v' modifier. + + If you do not specify a MEMBER, all files in the archive are + listed. + + If there is more than one file with the same name (say, `fie') in + an archive (say `b.a'), `ar t b.a fie' lists only the first + instance; to see them all, you must ask for a complete listing--in + our example, `ar t b.a'. + +`x' + _Extract_ members (named MEMBER) from the archive. You can use + the `v' modifier with this operation, to request that `ar' list + each name as it extracts it. + + If you do not specify a MEMBER, all files in the archive are + extracted. + + Files cannot be extracted from a thin archive. + +`--help' + Displays the list of command line options supported by `ar' and + then exits. + +`--version' + Displays the version information of `ar' and then exits. + + + A number of modifiers (MOD) may immediately follow the P keyletter, +to specify variations on an operation's behavior: + +`a' + Add new files _after_ an existing member of the archive. If you + use the modifier `a', the name of an existing archive member must + be present as the RELPOS argument, before the ARCHIVE + specification. + +`b' + Add new files _before_ an existing member of the archive. If you + use the modifier `b', the name of an existing archive member must + be present as the RELPOS argument, before the ARCHIVE + specification. (same as `i'). + +`c' + _Create_ the archive. The specified ARCHIVE is always created if + it did not exist, when you request an update. But a warning is + issued unless you specify in advance that you expect to create it, + by using this modifier. + +`D' + Operate in _deterministic_ mode. When adding files and the archive + index use zero for UIDs, GIDs, timestamps, and use consistent file + modes for all files. When this option is used, if `ar' is used + with identical options and identical input files, multiple runs + will create identical output files regardless of the input files' + owners, groups, file modes, or modification times. + + If `binutils' was configured with + `--enable-deterministic-archives', then this mode is on by default. + It can be disabled with the `U' modifier, below. + +`f' + Truncate names in the archive. GNU `ar' will normally permit file + names of any length. This will cause it to create archives which + are not compatible with the native `ar' program on some systems. + If this is a concern, the `f' modifier may be used to truncate file + names when putting them in the archive. + +`i' + Insert new files _before_ an existing member of the archive. If + you use the modifier `i', the name of an existing archive member + must be present as the RELPOS argument, before the ARCHIVE + specification. (same as `b'). + +`l' + This modifier is accepted but not used. + +`N' + Uses the COUNT parameter. This is used if there are multiple + entries in the archive with the same name. Extract or delete + instance COUNT of the given name from the archive. + +`o' + Preserve the _original_ dates of members when extracting them. If + you do not specify this modifier, files extracted from the archive + are stamped with the time of extraction. + +`P' + Use the full path name when matching names in the archive. GNU + `ar' can not create an archive with a full path name (such archives + are not POSIX complaint), but other archive creators can. This + option will cause GNU `ar' to match file names using a complete + path name, which can be convenient when extracting a single file + from an archive created by another tool. + +`s' + Write an object-file index into the archive, or update an existing + one, even if no other change is made to the archive. You may use + this modifier flag either with any operation, or alone. Running + `ar s' on an archive is equivalent to running `ranlib' on it. + +`S' + Do not generate an archive symbol table. This can speed up + building a large library in several steps. The resulting archive + can not be used with the linker. In order to build a symbol + table, you must omit the `S' modifier on the last execution of + `ar', or you must run `ranlib' on the archive. + +`T' + Make the specified ARCHIVE a _thin_ archive. If it already exists + and is a regular archive, the existing members must be present in + the same directory as ARCHIVE. + +`u' + Normally, `ar r'... inserts all files listed into the archive. If + you would like to insert _only_ those of the files you list that + are newer than existing members of the same names, use this + modifier. The `u' modifier is allowed only for the operation `r' + (replace). In particular, the combination `qu' is not allowed, + since checking the timestamps would lose any speed advantage from + the operation `q'. + +`U' + Do _not_ operate in _deterministic_ mode. This is the inverse of + the `D' modifier, above: added files and the archive index will + get their actual UID, GID, timestamp, and file mode values. + + This is the default unless `binutils' was configured with + `--enable-deterministic-archives'. + +`v' + This modifier requests the _verbose_ version of an operation. Many + operations display additional information, such as filenames + processed, when the modifier `v' is appended. + +`V' + This modifier shows the version number of `ar'. + + `ar' ignores an initial option spelt `-X32_64', for compatibility +with AIX. The behaviour produced by this option is the default for GNU +`ar'. `ar' does not support any of the other `-X' options; in +particular, it does not support `-X32' which is the default for AIX +`ar'. + + The optional command line switch `--plugin' NAME causes `ar' to load +the plugin called NAME which adds support for more file formats. This +option is only available if the toolchain has been built with plugin +support enabled. + + The optional command line switch `--target' BFDNAME specifies that +the archive members are in an object code format different from your +system's default format. See *Note Target Selection::, for more +information. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: ar scripts, Prev: ar cmdline, Up: ar + +1.2 Controlling `ar' with a Script +================================== + + ar -M [ <SCRIPT ] + + If you use the single command-line option `-M' with `ar', you can +control its operation with a rudimentary command language. This form +of `ar' operates interactively if standard input is coming directly +from a terminal. During interactive use, `ar' prompts for input (the +prompt is `AR >'), and continues executing even after errors. If you +redirect standard input to a script file, no prompts are issued, and +`ar' abandons execution (with a nonzero exit code) on any error. + + The `ar' command language is _not_ designed to be equivalent to the +command-line options; in fact, it provides somewhat less control over +archives. The only purpose of the command language is to ease the +transition to GNU `ar' for developers who already have scripts written +for the MRI "librarian" program. + + The syntax for the `ar' command language is straightforward: + * commands are recognized in upper or lower case; for example, `LIST' + is the same as `list'. In the following descriptions, commands are + shown in upper case for clarity. + + * a single command may appear on each line; it is the first word on + the line. + + * empty lines are allowed, and have no effect. + + * comments are allowed; text after either of the characters `*' or + `;' is ignored. + + * Whenever you use a list of names as part of the argument to an `ar' + command, you can separate the individual names with either commas + or blanks. Commas are shown in the explanations below, for + clarity. + + * `+' is used as a line continuation character; if `+' appears at + the end of a line, the text on the following line is considered + part of the current command. + + Here are the commands you can use in `ar' scripts, or when using +`ar' interactively. Three of them have special significance: + + `OPEN' or `CREATE' specify a "current archive", which is a temporary +file required for most of the other commands. + + `SAVE' commits the changes so far specified by the script. Prior to +`SAVE', commands affect only the temporary copy of the current archive. + +`ADDLIB ARCHIVE' +`ADDLIB ARCHIVE (MODULE, MODULE, ... MODULE)' + Add all the contents of ARCHIVE (or, if specified, each named + MODULE from ARCHIVE) to the current archive. + + Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'. + +`ADDMOD MEMBER, MEMBER, ... MEMBER' + Add each named MEMBER as a module in the current archive. + + Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'. + +`CLEAR' + Discard the contents of the current archive, canceling the effect + of any operations since the last `SAVE'. May be executed (with no + effect) even if no current archive is specified. + +`CREATE ARCHIVE' + Creates an archive, and makes it the current archive (required for + many other commands). The new archive is created with a temporary + name; it is not actually saved as ARCHIVE until you use `SAVE'. + You can overwrite existing archives; similarly, the contents of any + existing file named ARCHIVE will not be destroyed until `SAVE'. + +`DELETE MODULE, MODULE, ... MODULE' + Delete each listed MODULE from the current archive; equivalent to + `ar -d ARCHIVE MODULE ... MODULE'. + + Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'. + +`DIRECTORY ARCHIVE (MODULE, ... MODULE)' +`DIRECTORY ARCHIVE (MODULE, ... MODULE) OUTPUTFILE' + List each named MODULE present in ARCHIVE. The separate command + `VERBOSE' specifies the form of the output: when verbose output is + off, output is like that of `ar -t ARCHIVE MODULE...'. When + verbose output is on, the listing is like `ar -tv ARCHIVE + MODULE...'. + + Output normally goes to the standard output stream; however, if you + specify OUTPUTFILE as a final argument, `ar' directs the output to + that file. + +`END' + Exit from `ar', with a `0' exit code to indicate successful + completion. This command does not save the output file; if you + have changed the current archive since the last `SAVE' command, + those changes are lost. + +`EXTRACT MODULE, MODULE, ... MODULE' + Extract each named MODULE from the current archive, writing them + into the current directory as separate files. Equivalent to `ar -x + ARCHIVE MODULE...'. + + Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'. + +`LIST' + Display full contents of the current archive, in "verbose" style + regardless of the state of `VERBOSE'. The effect is like `ar tv + ARCHIVE'. (This single command is a GNU `ar' enhancement, rather + than present for MRI compatibility.) + + Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'. + +`OPEN ARCHIVE' + Opens an existing archive for use as the current archive (required + for many other commands). Any changes as the result of subsequent + commands will not actually affect ARCHIVE until you next use + `SAVE'. + +`REPLACE MODULE, MODULE, ... MODULE' + In the current archive, replace each existing MODULE (named in the + `REPLACE' arguments) from files in the current working directory. + To execute this command without errors, both the file, and the + module in the current archive, must exist. + + Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'. + +`VERBOSE' + Toggle an internal flag governing the output from `DIRECTORY'. + When the flag is on, `DIRECTORY' output matches output from `ar + -tv '.... + +`SAVE' + Commit your changes to the current archive, and actually save it + as a file with the name specified in the last `CREATE' or `OPEN' + command. + + Requires prior use of `OPEN' or `CREATE'. + + + +File: binutils.info, Node: nm, Next: objcopy, Prev: ar, Up: Top + +2 nm +**** + + nm [`-A'|`-o'|`--print-file-name'] [`-a'|`--debug-syms'] + [`-B'|`--format=bsd'] [`-C'|`--demangle'[=STYLE]] + [`-D'|`--dynamic'] [`-f'FORMAT|`--format='FORMAT] + [`-g'|`--extern-only'] [`-h'|`--help'] + [`-l'|`--line-numbers'] [`-n'|`-v'|`--numeric-sort'] + [`-P'|`--portability'] [`-p'|`--no-sort'] + [`-r'|`--reverse-sort'] [`-S'|`--print-size'] + [`-s'|`--print-armap'] [`-t' RADIX|`--radix='RADIX] + [`-u'|`--undefined-only'] [`-V'|`--version'] + [`-X 32_64'] [`--defined-only'] [`--no-demangle'] + [`--plugin' NAME] [`--size-sort'] [`--special-syms'] + [`--synthetic'] [`--target='BFDNAME] + [OBJFILE...] + + GNU `nm' lists the symbols from object files OBJFILE.... If no +object files are listed as arguments, `nm' assumes the file `a.out'. + + For each symbol, `nm' shows: + + * The symbol value, in the radix selected by options (see below), or + hexadecimal by default. + + * The symbol type. At least the following types are used; others + are, as well, depending on the object file format. If lowercase, + the symbol is usually local; if uppercase, the symbol is global + (external). There are however a few lowercase symbols that are + shown for special global symbols (`u', `v' and `w'). + + `A' + The symbol's value is absolute, and will not be changed by + further linking. + + `B' + `b' + The symbol is in the uninitialized data section (known as + BSS). + + `C' + The symbol is common. Common symbols are uninitialized data. + When linking, multiple common symbols may appear with the + same name. If the symbol is defined anywhere, the common + symbols are treated as undefined references. For more + details on common symbols, see the discussion of -warn-common + in *Note Linker options: (ld.info)Options. + + `D' + `d' + The symbol is in the initialized data section. + + `G' + `g' + The symbol is in an initialized data section for small + objects. Some object file formats permit more efficient + access to small data objects, such as a global int variable + as opposed to a large global array. + + `i' + For PE format files this indicates that the symbol is in a + section specific to the implementation of DLLs. For ELF + format files this indicates that the symbol is an indirect + function. This is a GNU extension to the standard set of ELF + symbol types. It indicates a symbol which if referenced by a + relocation does not evaluate to its address, but instead must + be invoked at runtime. The runtime execution will then + return the value to be used in the relocation. + + `I' + The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol. + + `N' + The symbol is a debugging symbol. + + `p' + The symbols is in a stack unwind section. + + `R' + `r' + The symbol is in a read only data section. + + `S' + `s' + The symbol is in an uninitialized data section for small + objects. + + `T' + `t' + The symbol is in the text (code) section. + + `U' + The symbol is undefined. + + `u' + The symbol is a unique global symbol. This is a GNU + extension to the standard set of ELF symbol bindings. For + such a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the + entire process there is just one symbol with this name and + type in use. + + `V' + `v' + The symbol is a weak object. When a weak defined symbol is + linked with a normal defined symbol, the normal defined + symbol is used with no error. When a weak undefined symbol + is linked and the symbol is not defined, the value of the + weak symbol becomes zero with no error. On some systems, + uppercase indicates that a default value has been specified. + + `W' + `w' + The symbol is a weak symbol that has not been specifically + tagged as a weak object symbol. When a weak defined symbol + is linked with a normal defined symbol, the normal defined + symbol is used with no error. When a weak undefined symbol + is linked and the symbol is not defined, the value of the + symbol is determined in a system-specific manner without + error. On some systems, uppercase indicates that a default + value has been specified. + + `-' + The symbol is a stabs symbol in an a.out object file. In + this case, the next values printed are the stabs other field, + the stabs desc field, and the stab type. Stabs symbols are + used to hold debugging information. + + `?' + The symbol type is unknown, or object file format specific. + + * The symbol name. + + The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. + +`-A' +`-o' +`--print-file-name' + Precede each symbol by the name of the input file (or archive + member) in which it was found, rather than identifying the input + file once only, before all of its symbols. + +`-a' +`--debug-syms' + Display all symbols, even debugger-only symbols; normally these + are not listed. + +`-B' + The same as `--format=bsd' (for compatibility with the MIPS `nm'). + +`-C' +`--demangle[=STYLE]' + Decode ("demangle") low-level symbol names into user-level names. + Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, + this makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have + different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument + can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your + compiler. *Note c++filt::, for more information on demangling. + +`--no-demangle' + Do not demangle low-level symbol names. This is the default. + +`-D' +`--dynamic' + Display the dynamic symbols rather than the normal symbols. This + is only meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of + shared libraries. + +`-f FORMAT' +`--format=FORMAT' + Use the output format FORMAT, which can be `bsd', `sysv', or + `posix'. The default is `bsd'. Only the first character of + FORMAT is significant; it can be either upper or lower case. + +`-g' +`--extern-only' + Display only external symbols. + +`-h' +`--help' + Show a summary of the options to `nm' and exit. + +`-l' +`--line-numbers' + For each symbol, use debugging information to try to find a + filename and line number. For a defined symbol, look for the line + number of the address of the symbol. For an undefined symbol, + look for the line number of a relocation entry which refers to the + symbol. If line number information can be found, print it after + the other symbol information. + +`-n' +`-v' +`--numeric-sort' + Sort symbols numerically by their addresses, rather than + alphabetically by their names. + +`-p' +`--no-sort' + Do not bother to sort the symbols in any order; print them in the + order encountered. + +`-P' +`--portability' + Use the POSIX.2 standard output format instead of the default + format. Equivalent to `-f posix'. + +`-r' +`--reverse-sort' + Reverse the order of the sort (whether numeric or alphabetic); let + the last come first. + +`-S' +`--print-size' + Print both value and size of defined symbols for the `bsd' output + style. This option has no effect for object formats that do not + record symbol sizes, unless `--size-sort' is also used in which + case a calculated size is displayed. + +`-s' +`--print-armap' + When listing symbols from archive members, include the index: a + mapping (stored in the archive by `ar' or `ranlib') of which + modules contain definitions for which names. + +`-t RADIX' +`--radix=RADIX' + Use RADIX as the radix for printing the symbol values. It must be + `d' for decimal, `o' for octal, or `x' for hexadecimal. + +`-u' +`--undefined-only' + Display only undefined symbols (those external to each object + file). + +`-V' +`--version' + Show the version number of `nm' and exit. + +`-X' + This option is ignored for compatibility with the AIX version of + `nm'. It takes one parameter which must be the string `32_64'. + The default mode of AIX `nm' corresponds to `-X 32', which is not + supported by GNU `nm'. + +`--defined-only' + Display only defined symbols for each object file. + +`--plugin NAME' + Load the plugin called NAME to add support for extra target types. + This option is only available if the toolchain has been built + with plugin support enabled. + +`--size-sort' + Sort symbols by size. The size is computed as the difference + between the value of the symbol and the value of the symbol with + the next higher value. If the `bsd' output format is used the + size of the symbol is printed, rather than the value, and `-S' + must be used in order both size and value to be printed. + +`--special-syms' + Display symbols which have a target-specific special meaning. + These symbols are usually used by the target for some special + processing and are not normally helpful when included in the + normal symbol lists. For example for ARM targets this option + would skip the mapping symbols used to mark transitions between + ARM code, THUMB code and data. + +`--synthetic' + Include synthetic symbols in the output. These are special symbols + created by the linker for various purposes. They are not shown by + default since they are not part of the binary's original source + code. + +`--target=BFDNAME' + Specify an object code format other than your system's default + format. *Note Target Selection::, for more information. + + + +File: binutils.info, Node: objcopy, Next: objdump, Prev: nm, Up: Top + +3 objcopy +********* + + objcopy [`-F' BFDNAME|`--target='BFDNAME] + [`-I' BFDNAME|`--input-target='BFDNAME] + [`-O' BFDNAME|`--output-target='BFDNAME] + [`-B' BFDARCH|`--binary-architecture='BFDARCH] + [`-S'|`--strip-all'] + [`-g'|`--strip-debug'] + [`-K' SYMBOLNAME|`--keep-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`-N' SYMBOLNAME|`--strip-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`--strip-unneeded-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`-G' SYMBOLNAME|`--keep-global-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`--localize-hidden'] + [`-L' SYMBOLNAME|`--localize-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`--globalize-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`-W' SYMBOLNAME|`--weaken-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`-w'|`--wildcard'] + [`-x'|`--discard-all'] + [`-X'|`--discard-locals'] + [`-b' BYTE|`--byte='BYTE] + [`-i' [BREADTH]|`--interleave'[=BREADTH]] + [`--interleave-width='WIDTH] + [`-j' SECTIONPATTERN|`--only-section='SECTIONPATTERN] + [`-R' SECTIONPATTERN|`--remove-section='SECTIONPATTERN] + [`-p'|`--preserve-dates'] + [`-D'|`--enable-deterministic-archives'] + [`-U'|`--disable-deterministic-archives'] + [`--debugging'] + [`--gap-fill='VAL] + [`--pad-to='ADDRESS] + [`--set-start='VAL] + [`--adjust-start='INCR] + [`--change-addresses='INCR] + [`--change-section-address' SECTIONPATTERN{=,+,-}VAL] + [`--change-section-lma' SECTIONPATTERN{=,+,-}VAL] + [`--change-section-vma' SECTIONPATTERN{=,+,-}VAL] + [`--change-warnings'] [`--no-change-warnings'] + [`--set-section-flags' SECTIONPATTERN=FLAGS] + [`--add-section' SECTIONNAME=FILENAME] + [`--dump-section' SECTIONNAME=FILENAME] + [`--rename-section' OLDNAME=NEWNAME[,FLAGS]] + [`--long-section-names' {enable,disable,keep}] + [`--change-leading-char'] [`--remove-leading-char'] + [`--reverse-bytes='NUM] + [`--srec-len='IVAL] [`--srec-forceS3'] + [`--redefine-sym' OLD=NEW] + [`--redefine-syms='FILENAME] + [`--weaken'] + [`--keep-symbols='FILENAME] + [`--strip-symbols='FILENAME] + [`--strip-unneeded-symbols='FILENAME] + [`--keep-global-symbols='FILENAME] + [`--localize-symbols='FILENAME] + [`--globalize-symbols='FILENAME] + [`--weaken-symbols='FILENAME] + [`--alt-machine-code='INDEX] + [`--prefix-symbols='STRING] + [`--prefix-sections='STRING] + [`--prefix-alloc-sections='STRING] + [`--add-gnu-debuglink='PATH-TO-FILE] + [`--keep-file-symbols'] + [`--only-keep-debug'] + [`--strip-dwo'] + [`--extract-dwo'] + [`--extract-symbol'] + [`--writable-text'] + [`--readonly-text'] + [`--pure'] + [`--impure'] + [`--file-alignment='NUM] + [`--heap='SIZE] + [`--image-base='ADDRESS] + [`--section-alignment='NUM] + [`--stack='SIZE] + [`--subsystem='WHICH:MAJOR.MINOR] + [`--compress-debug-sections'] + [`--decompress-debug-sections'] + [`--dwarf-depth=N'] + [`--dwarf-start=N'] + [`-v'|`--verbose'] + [`-V'|`--version'] + [`--help'] [`--info'] + INFILE [OUTFILE] + + The GNU `objcopy' utility copies the contents of an object file to +another. `objcopy' uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the +object files. It can write the destination object file in a format +different from that of the source object file. The exact behavior of +`objcopy' is controlled by command-line options. Note that `objcopy' +should be able to copy a fully linked file between any two formats. +However, copying a relocatable object file between any two formats may +not work as expected. + + `objcopy' creates temporary files to do its translations and deletes +them afterward. `objcopy' uses BFD to do all its translation work; it +has access to all the formats described in BFD and thus is able to +recognize most formats without being told explicitly. *Note BFD: +(ld.info)BFD. + + `objcopy' can be used to generate S-records by using an output +target of `srec' (e.g., use `-O srec'). + + `objcopy' can be used to generate a raw binary file by using an +output target of `binary' (e.g., use `-O binary'). When `objcopy' +generates a raw binary file, it will essentially produce a memory dump +of the contents of the input object file. All symbols and relocation +information will be discarded. The memory dump will start at the load +address of the lowest section copied into the output file. + + When generating an S-record or a raw binary file, it may be helpful +to use `-S' to remove sections containing debugging information. In +some cases `-R' will be useful to remove sections which contain +information that is not needed by the binary file. + + Note--`objcopy' is not able to change the endianness of its input +files. If the input format has an endianness (some formats do not), +`objcopy' can only copy the inputs into file formats that have the same +endianness or which have no endianness (e.g., `srec'). (However, see +the `--reverse-bytes' option.) + +`INFILE' +`OUTFILE' + The input and output files, respectively. If you do not specify + OUTFILE, `objcopy' creates a temporary file and destructively + renames the result with the name of INFILE. + +`-I BFDNAME' +`--input-target=BFDNAME' + Consider the source file's object format to be BFDNAME, rather than + attempting to deduce it. *Note Target Selection::, for more + information. + +`-O BFDNAME' +`--output-target=BFDNAME' + Write the output file using the object format BFDNAME. *Note + Target Selection::, for more information. + +`-F BFDNAME' +`--target=BFDNAME' + Use BFDNAME as the object format for both the input and the output + file; i.e., simply transfer data from source to destination with no + translation. *Note Target Selection::, for more information. + +`-B BFDARCH' +`--binary-architecture=BFDARCH' + Useful when transforming a architecture-less input file into an + object file. In this case the output architecture can be set to + BFDARCH. This option will be ignored if the input file has a + known BFDARCH. You can access this binary data inside a program + by referencing the special symbols that are created by the + conversion process. These symbols are called + _binary_OBJFILE_start, _binary_OBJFILE_end and + _binary_OBJFILE_size. e.g. you can transform a picture file into + an object file and then access it in your code using these symbols. + +`-j SECTIONPATTERN' +`--only-section=SECTIONPATTERN' + Copy only the indicated sections from the input file to the output + file. This option may be given more than once. Note that using + this option inappropriately may make the output file unusable. + Wildcard characters are accepted in SECTIONPATTERN. + +`-R SECTIONPATTERN' +`--remove-section=SECTIONPATTERN' + Remove any section matching SECTIONPATTERN from the output file. + This option may be given more than once. Note that using this + option inappropriately may make the output file unusable. Wildcard + characters are accepted in SECTIONPATTERN. Using both the `-j' + and `-R' options together results in undefined behaviour. + +`-S' +`--strip-all' + Do not copy relocation and symbol information from the source file. + +`-g' +`--strip-debug' + Do not copy debugging symbols or sections from the source file. + +`--strip-unneeded' + Strip all symbols that are not needed for relocation processing. + +`-K SYMBOLNAME' +`--keep-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + When stripping symbols, keep symbol SYMBOLNAME even if it would + normally be stripped. This option may be given more than once. + +`-N SYMBOLNAME' +`--strip-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + Do not copy symbol SYMBOLNAME from the source file. This option + may be given more than once. + +`--strip-unneeded-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + Do not copy symbol SYMBOLNAME from the source file unless it is + needed by a relocation. This option may be given more than once. + +`-G SYMBOLNAME' +`--keep-global-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + Keep only symbol SYMBOLNAME global. Make all other symbols local + to the file, so that they are not visible externally. This option + may be given more than once. + +`--localize-hidden' + In an ELF object, mark all symbols that have hidden or internal + visibility as local. This option applies on top of + symbol-specific localization options such as `-L'. + +`-L SYMBOLNAME' +`--localize-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + Make symbol SYMBOLNAME local to the file, so that it is not + visible externally. This option may be given more than once. + +`-W SYMBOLNAME' +`--weaken-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + Make symbol SYMBOLNAME weak. This option may be given more than + once. + +`--globalize-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + Give symbol SYMBOLNAME global scoping so that it is visible + outside of the file in which it is defined. This option may be + given more than once. + +`-w' +`--wildcard' + Permit regular expressions in SYMBOLNAMEs used in other command + line options. The question mark (?), asterisk (*), backslash (\) + and square brackets ([]) operators can be used anywhere in the + symbol name. If the first character of the symbol name is the + exclamation point (!) then the sense of the switch is reversed for + that symbol. For example: + + -w -W !foo -W fo* + + would cause objcopy to weaken all symbols that start with "fo" + except for the symbol "foo". + +`-x' +`--discard-all' + Do not copy non-global symbols from the source file. + +`-X' +`--discard-locals' + Do not copy compiler-generated local symbols. (These usually + start with `L' or `.'.) + +`-b BYTE' +`--byte=BYTE' + If interleaving has been enabled via the `--interleave' option + then start the range of bytes to keep at the BYTEth byte. BYTE + can be in the range from 0 to BREADTH-1, where BREADTH is the + value given by the `--interleave' option. + +`-i [BREADTH]' +`--interleave[=BREADTH]' + Only copy a range out of every BREADTH bytes. (Header data is not + affected). Select which byte in the range begins the copy with + the `--byte' option. Select the width of the range with the + `--interleave-width' option. + + This option is useful for creating files to program ROM. It is + typically used with an `srec' output target. Note that `objcopy' + will complain if you do not specify the `--byte' option as well. + + The default interleave breadth is 4, so with `--byte' set to 0, + `objcopy' would copy the first byte out of every four bytes from + the input to the output. + +`--interleave-width=WIDTH' + When used with the `--interleave' option, copy WIDTH bytes at a + time. The start of the range of bytes to be copied is set by the + `--byte' option, and the extent of the range is set with the + `--interleave' option. + + The default value for this option is 1. The value of WIDTH plus + the BYTE value set by the `--byte' option must not exceed the + interleave breadth set by the `--interleave' option. + + This option can be used to create images for two 16-bit flashes + interleaved in a 32-bit bus by passing `-b 0 -i 4 + --interleave-width=2' and `-b 2 -i 4 --interleave-width=2' to two + `objcopy' commands. If the input was '12345678' then the outputs + would be '1256' and '3478' respectively. + +`-p' +`--preserve-dates' + Set the access and modification dates of the output file to be the + same as those of the input file. + +`-D' +`--enable-deterministic-archives' + Operate in _deterministic_ mode. When copying archive members and + writing the archive index, use zero for UIDs, GIDs, timestamps, + and use consistent file modes for all files. + + If `binutils' was configured with + `--enable-deterministic-archives', then this mode is on by default. + It can be disabled with the `-U' option, below. + +`-U' +`--disable-deterministic-archives' + Do _not_ operate in _deterministic_ mode. This is the inverse of + the `-D' option, above: when copying archive members and writing + the archive index, use their actual UID, GID, timestamp, and file + mode values. + + This is the default unless `binutils' was configured with + `--enable-deterministic-archives'. + +`--debugging' + Convert debugging information, if possible. This is not the + default because only certain debugging formats are supported, and + the conversion process can be time consuming. + +`--gap-fill VAL' + Fill gaps between sections with VAL. This operation applies to + the _load address_ (LMA) of the sections. It is done by increasing + the size of the section with the lower address, and filling in the + extra space created with VAL. + +`--pad-to ADDRESS' + Pad the output file up to the load address ADDRESS. This is done + by increasing the size of the last section. The extra space is + filled in with the value specified by `--gap-fill' (default zero). + +`--set-start VAL' + Set the start address of the new file to VAL. Not all object file + formats support setting the start address. + +`--change-start INCR' +`--adjust-start INCR' + Change the start address by adding INCR. Not all object file + formats support setting the start address. + +`--change-addresses INCR' +`--adjust-vma INCR' + Change the VMA and LMA addresses of all sections, as well as the + start address, by adding INCR. Some object file formats do not + permit section addresses to be changed arbitrarily. Note that + this does not relocate the sections; if the program expects + sections to be loaded at a certain address, and this option is + used to change the sections such that they are loaded at a + different address, the program may fail. + +`--change-section-address SECTIONPATTERN{=,+,-}VAL' +`--adjust-section-vma SECTIONPATTERN{=,+,-}VAL' + Set or change both the VMA address and the LMA address of any + section matching SECTIONPATTERN. If `=' is used, the section + address is set to VAL. Otherwise, VAL is added to or subtracted + from the section address. See the comments under + `--change-addresses', above. If SECTIONPATTERN does not match any + sections in the input file, a warning will be issued, unless + `--no-change-warnings' is used. + +`--change-section-lma SECTIONPATTERN{=,+,-}VAL' + Set or change the LMA address of any sections matching + SECTIONPATTERN. The LMA address is the address where the section + will be loaded into memory at program load time. Normally this is + the same as the VMA address, which is the address of the section + at program run time, but on some systems, especially those where a + program is held in ROM, the two can be different. If `=' is used, + the section address is set to VAL. Otherwise, VAL is added to or + subtracted from the section address. See the comments under + `--change-addresses', above. If SECTIONPATTERN does not match any + sections in the input file, a warning will be issued, unless + `--no-change-warnings' is used. + +`--change-section-vma SECTIONPATTERN{=,+,-}VAL' + Set or change the VMA address of any section matching + SECTIONPATTERN. The VMA address is the address where the section + will be located once the program has started executing. Normally + this is the same as the LMA address, which is the address where + the section will be loaded into memory, but on some systems, + especially those where a program is held in ROM, the two can be + different. If `=' is used, the section address is set to VAL. + Otherwise, VAL is added to or subtracted from the section address. + See the comments under `--change-addresses', above. If + SECTIONPATTERN does not match any sections in the input file, a + warning will be issued, unless `--no-change-warnings' is used. + +`--change-warnings' +`--adjust-warnings' + If `--change-section-address' or `--change-section-lma' or + `--change-section-vma' is used, and the section pattern does not + match any sections, issue a warning. This is the default. + +`--no-change-warnings' +`--no-adjust-warnings' + Do not issue a warning if `--change-section-address' or + `--adjust-section-lma' or `--adjust-section-vma' is used, even if + the section pattern does not match any sections. + +`--set-section-flags SECTIONPATTERN=FLAGS' + Set the flags for any sections matching SECTIONPATTERN. The FLAGS + argument is a comma separated string of flag names. The + recognized names are `alloc', `contents', `load', `noload', + `readonly', `code', `data', `rom', `share', and `debug'. You can + set the `contents' flag for a section which does not have + contents, but it is not meaningful to clear the `contents' flag of + a section which does have contents-just remove the section + instead. Not all flags are meaningful for all object file formats. + +`--add-section SECTIONNAME=FILENAME' + Add a new section named SECTIONNAME while copying the file. The + contents of the new section are taken from the file FILENAME. The + size of the section will be the size of the file. This option only + works on file formats which can support sections with arbitrary + names. Note - it may be necessary to use the `--set-section-flags' + option to set the attributes of the newly created section. + +`--dump-section SECTIONNAME=FILENAME' + Place the contents of section named SECTIONNAME into the file + FILENAME, overwriting any contents that may have been there + previously. This option is the inverse of `--add-section'. This + option is similar to the `--only-section' option except that it + does not create a formatted file, it just dumps the contents as + raw binary data, without applying any relocations. The option can + be specified more than once. + +`--rename-section OLDNAME=NEWNAME[,FLAGS]' + Rename a section from OLDNAME to NEWNAME, optionally changing the + section's flags to FLAGS in the process. This has the advantage + over usng a linker script to perform the rename in that the output + stays as an object file and does not become a linked executable. + + This option is particularly helpful when the input format is + binary, since this will always create a section called .data. If + for example, you wanted instead to create a section called .rodata + containing binary data you could use the following command line to + achieve it: + + objcopy -I binary -O <output_format> -B <architecture> \ + --rename-section .data=.rodata,alloc,load,readonly,data,contents \ + <input_binary_file> <output_object_file> + +`--long-section-names {enable,disable,keep}' + Controls the handling of long section names when processing `COFF' + and `PE-COFF' object formats. The default behaviour, `keep', is + to preserve long section names if any are present in the input + file. The `enable' and `disable' options forcibly enable or + disable the use of long section names in the output object; when + `disable' is in effect, any long section names in the input object + will be truncated. The `enable' option will only emit long + section names if any are present in the inputs; this is mostly the + same as `keep', but it is left undefined whether the `enable' + option might force the creation of an empty string table in the + output file. + +`--change-leading-char' + Some object file formats use special characters at the start of + symbols. The most common such character is underscore, which + compilers often add before every symbol. This option tells + `objcopy' to change the leading character of every symbol when it + converts between object file formats. If the object file formats + use the same leading character, this option has no effect. + Otherwise, it will add a character, or remove a character, or + change a character, as appropriate. + +`--remove-leading-char' + If the first character of a global symbol is a special symbol + leading character used by the object file format, remove the + character. The most common symbol leading character is + underscore. This option will remove a leading underscore from all + global symbols. This can be useful if you want to link together + objects of different file formats with different conventions for + symbol names. This is different from `--change-leading-char' + because it always changes the symbol name when appropriate, + regardless of the object file format of the output file. + +`--reverse-bytes=NUM' + Reverse the bytes in a section with output contents. A section + length must be evenly divisible by the value given in order for + the swap to be able to take place. Reversing takes place before + the interleaving is performed. + + This option is used typically in generating ROM images for + problematic target systems. For example, on some target boards, + the 32-bit words fetched from 8-bit ROMs are re-assembled in + little-endian byte order regardless of the CPU byte order. + Depending on the programming model, the endianness of the ROM may + need to be modified. + + Consider a simple file with a section containing the following + eight bytes: `12345678'. + + Using `--reverse-bytes=2' for the above example, the bytes in the + output file would be ordered `21436587'. + + Using `--reverse-bytes=4' for the above example, the bytes in the + output file would be ordered `43218765'. + + By using `--reverse-bytes=2' for the above example, followed by + `--reverse-bytes=4' on the output file, the bytes in the second + output file would be ordered `34127856'. + +`--srec-len=IVAL' + Meaningful only for srec output. Set the maximum length of the + Srecords being produced to IVAL. This length covers both address, + data and crc fields. + +`--srec-forceS3' + Meaningful only for srec output. Avoid generation of S1/S2 + records, creating S3-only record format. + +`--redefine-sym OLD=NEW' + Change the name of a symbol OLD, to NEW. This can be useful when + one is trying link two things together for which you have no + source, and there are name collisions. + +`--redefine-syms=FILENAME' + Apply `--redefine-sym' to each symbol pair "OLD NEW" listed in the + file FILENAME. FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol + pair per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash + character. This option may be given more than once. + +`--weaken' + Change all global symbols in the file to be weak. This can be + useful when building an object which will be linked against other + objects using the `-R' option to the linker. This option is only + effective when using an object file format which supports weak + symbols. + +`--keep-symbols=FILENAME' + Apply `--keep-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file + FILENAME. FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name + per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. + This option may be given more than once. + +`--strip-symbols=FILENAME' + Apply `--strip-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file + FILENAME. FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name + per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. + This option may be given more than once. + +`--strip-unneeded-symbols=FILENAME' + Apply `--strip-unneeded-symbol' option to each symbol listed in + the file FILENAME. FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one + symbol name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash + character. This option may be given more than once. + +`--keep-global-symbols=FILENAME' + Apply `--keep-global-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the + file FILENAME. FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol + name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash + character. This option may be given more than once. + +`--localize-symbols=FILENAME' + Apply `--localize-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file + FILENAME. FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name + per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. + This option may be given more than once. + +`--globalize-symbols=FILENAME' + Apply `--globalize-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file + FILENAME. FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name + per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. + This option may be given more than once. + +`--weaken-symbols=FILENAME' + Apply `--weaken-symbol' option to each symbol listed in the file + FILENAME. FILENAME is simply a flat file, with one symbol name + per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. + This option may be given more than once. + +`--alt-machine-code=INDEX' + If the output architecture has alternate machine codes, use the + INDEXth code instead of the default one. This is useful in case a + machine is assigned an official code and the tool-chain adopts the + new code, but other applications still depend on the original code + being used. For ELF based architectures if the INDEX alternative + does not exist then the value is treated as an absolute number to + be stored in the e_machine field of the ELF header. + +`--writable-text' + Mark the output text as writable. This option isn't meaningful + for all object file formats. + +`--readonly-text' + Make the output text write protected. This option isn't + meaningful for all object file formats. + +`--pure' + Mark the output file as demand paged. This option isn't + meaningful for all object file formats. + +`--impure' + Mark the output file as impure. This option isn't meaningful for + all object file formats. + +`--prefix-symbols=STRING' + Prefix all symbols in the output file with STRING. + +`--prefix-sections=STRING' + Prefix all section names in the output file with STRING. + +`--prefix-alloc-sections=STRING' + Prefix all the names of all allocated sections in the output file + with STRING. + +`--add-gnu-debuglink=PATH-TO-FILE' + Creates a .gnu_debuglink section which contains a reference to + PATH-TO-FILE and adds it to the output file. + +`--keep-file-symbols' + When stripping a file, perhaps with `--strip-debug' or + `--strip-unneeded', retain any symbols specifying source file + names, which would otherwise get stripped. + +`--only-keep-debug' + Strip a file, removing contents of any sections that would not be + stripped by `--strip-debug' and leaving the debugging sections + intact. In ELF files, this preserves all note sections in the + output. + + The intention is that this option will be used in conjunction with + `--add-gnu-debuglink' to create a two part executable. One a + stripped binary which will occupy less space in RAM and in a + distribution and the second a debugging information file which is + only needed if debugging abilities are required. The suggested + procedure to create these files is as follows: + + 1. Link the executable as normal. Assuming that is is called + `foo' then... + + 2. Run `objcopy --only-keep-debug foo foo.dbg' to create a file + containing the debugging info. + + 3. Run `objcopy --strip-debug foo' to create a stripped + executable. + + 4. Run `objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.dbg foo' to add a link + to the debugging info into the stripped executable. + + Note--the choice of `.dbg' as an extension for the debug info file + is arbitrary. Also the `--only-keep-debug' step is optional. You + could instead do this: + + 1. Link the executable as normal. + + 2. Copy `foo' to `foo.full' + + 3. Run `objcopy --strip-debug foo' + + 4. Run `objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.full foo' + + i.e., the file pointed to by the `--add-gnu-debuglink' can be the + full executable. It does not have to be a file created by the + `--only-keep-debug' switch. + + Note--this switch is only intended for use on fully linked files. + It does not make sense to use it on object files where the + debugging information may be incomplete. Besides the + gnu_debuglink feature currently only supports the presence of one + filename containing debugging information, not multiple filenames + on a one-per-object-file basis. + +`--strip-dwo' + Remove the contents of all DWARF .dwo sections, leaving the + remaining debugging sections and all symbols intact. This option + is intended for use by the compiler as part of the `-gsplit-dwarf' + option, which splits debug information between the .o file and a + separate .dwo file. The compiler generates all debug information + in the same file, then uses the `--extract-dwo' option to copy the + .dwo sections to the .dwo file, then the `--strip-dwo' option to + remove those sections from the original .o file. + +`--extract-dwo' + Extract the contents of all DWARF .dwo sections. See the + `--strip-dwo' option for more information. + +`--file-alignment NUM' + Specify the file alignment. Sections in the file will always + begin at file offsets which are multiples of this number. This + defaults to 512. [This option is specific to PE targets.] + +`--heap RESERVE' +`--heap RESERVE,COMMIT' + Specify the number of bytes of memory to reserve (and optionally + commit) to be used as heap for this program. [This option is + specific to PE targets.] + +`--image-base VALUE' + Use VALUE as the base address of your program or dll. This is the + lowest memory location that will be used when your program or dll + is loaded. To reduce the need to relocate and improve performance + of your dlls, each should have a unique base address and not + overlap any other dlls. The default is 0x400000 for executables, + and 0x10000000 for dlls. [This option is specific to PE targets.] + +`--section-alignment NUM' + Sets the section alignment. Sections in memory will always begin + at addresses which are a multiple of this number. Defaults to + 0x1000. [This option is specific to PE targets.] + +`--stack RESERVE' +`--stack RESERVE,COMMIT' + Specify the number of bytes of memory to reserve (and optionally + commit) to be used as stack for this program. [This option is + specific to PE targets.] + +`--subsystem WHICH' +`--subsystem WHICH:MAJOR' +`--subsystem WHICH:MAJOR.MINOR' + Specifies the subsystem under which your program will execute. The + legal values for WHICH are `native', `windows', `console', + `posix', `efi-app', `efi-bsd', `efi-rtd', `sal-rtd', and `xbox'. + You may optionally set the subsystem version also. Numeric values + are also accepted for WHICH. [This option is specific to PE + targets.] + +`--extract-symbol' + Keep the file's section flags and symbols but remove all section + data. Specifically, the option: + + * removes the contents of all sections; + + * sets the size of every section to zero; and + + * sets the file's start address to zero. + + This option is used to build a `.sym' file for a VxWorks kernel. + It can also be a useful way of reducing the size of a + `--just-symbols' linker input file. + +`--compress-debug-sections' + Compress DWARF debug sections using zlib. + +`--decompress-debug-sections' + Decompress DWARF debug sections using zlib. + +`-V' +`--version' + Show the version number of `objcopy'. + +`-v' +`--verbose' + Verbose output: list all object files modified. In the case of + archives, `objcopy -V' lists all members of the archive. + +`--help' + Show a summary of the options to `objcopy'. + +`--info' + Display a list showing all architectures and object formats + available. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: objdump, Next: ranlib, Prev: objcopy, Up: Top + +4 objdump +********* + + objdump [`-a'|`--archive-headers'] + [`-b' BFDNAME|`--target=BFDNAME'] + [`-C'|`--demangle'[=STYLE] ] + [`-d'|`--disassemble'] + [`-D'|`--disassemble-all'] + [`-z'|`--disassemble-zeroes'] + [`-EB'|`-EL'|`--endian='{big | little }] + [`-f'|`--file-headers'] + [`-F'|`--file-offsets'] + [`--file-start-context'] + [`-g'|`--debugging'] + [`-e'|`--debugging-tags'] + [`-h'|`--section-headers'|`--headers'] + [`-i'|`--info'] + [`-j' SECTION|`--section='SECTION] + [`-l'|`--line-numbers'] + [`-S'|`--source'] + [`-m' MACHINE|`--architecture='MACHINE] + [`-M' OPTIONS|`--disassembler-options='OPTIONS] + [`-p'|`--private-headers'] + [`-P' OPTIONS|`--private='OPTIONS] + [`-r'|`--reloc'] + [`-R'|`--dynamic-reloc'] + [`-s'|`--full-contents'] + [`-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]'| + `--dwarf'[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]] + [`-G'|`--stabs'] + [`-t'|`--syms'] + [`-T'|`--dynamic-syms'] + [`-x'|`--all-headers'] + [`-w'|`--wide'] + [`--start-address='ADDRESS] + [`--stop-address='ADDRESS] + [`--prefix-addresses'] + [`--[no-]show-raw-insn'] + [`--adjust-vma='OFFSET] + [`--special-syms'] + [`--prefix='PREFIX] + [`--prefix-strip='LEVEL] + [`--insn-width='WIDTH] + [`-V'|`--version'] + [`-H'|`--help'] + OBJFILE... + + `objdump' displays information about one or more object files. The +options control what particular information to display. This +information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the +compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their +program to compile and work. + + OBJFILE... are the object files to be examined. When you specify +archives, `objdump' shows information on each of the member object +files. + + The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. At least one option from the list +`-a,-d,-D,-e,-f,-g,-G,-h,-H,-p,-P,-r,-R,-s,-S,-t,-T,-V,-x' must be +given. + +`-a' +`--archive-header' + If any of the OBJFILE files are archives, display the archive + header information (in a format similar to `ls -l'). Besides the + information you could list with `ar tv', `objdump -a' shows the + object file format of each archive member. + +`--adjust-vma=OFFSET' + When dumping information, first add OFFSET to all the section + addresses. This is useful if the section addresses do not + correspond to the symbol table, which can happen when putting + sections at particular addresses when using a format which can not + represent section addresses, such as a.out. + +`-b BFDNAME' +`--target=BFDNAME' + Specify that the object-code format for the object files is + BFDNAME. This option may not be necessary; OBJDUMP can + automatically recognize many formats. + + For example, + objdump -b oasys -m vax -h fu.o + displays summary information from the section headers (`-h') of + `fu.o', which is explicitly identified (`-m') as a VAX object file + in the format produced by Oasys compilers. You can list the + formats available with the `-i' option. *Note Target Selection::, + for more information. + +`-C' +`--demangle[=STYLE]' + Decode ("demangle") low-level symbol names into user-level names. + Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, + this makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have + different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument + can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your + compiler. *Note c++filt::, for more information on demangling. + +`-g' +`--debugging' + Display debugging information. This attempts to parse STABS and + IEEE debugging format information stored in the file and print it + out using a C like syntax. If neither of these formats are found + this option falls back on the `-W' option to print any DWARF + information in the file. + +`-e' +`--debugging-tags' + Like `-g', but the information is generated in a format compatible + with ctags tool. + +`-d' +`--disassemble' + Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from + OBJFILE. This option only disassembles those sections which are + expected to contain instructions. + +`-D' +`--disassemble-all' + Like `-d', but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just + those expected to contain instructions. + + If the target is an ARM architecture this switch also has the + effect of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found + in code sections as if they were instructions. + +`--prefix-addresses' + When disassembling, print the complete address on each line. This + is the older disassembly format. + +`-EB' +`-EL' +`--endian={big|little}' + Specify the endianness of the object files. This only affects + disassembly. This can be useful when disassembling a file format + which does not describe endianness information, such as S-records. + +`-f' +`--file-headers' + Display summary information from the overall header of each of the + OBJFILE files. + +`-F' +`--file-offsets' + When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also + display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be + dumped. If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly + resumes, tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file + offset of the location from where the disassembly resumes. When + dumping sections, display the file offset of the location from + where the dump starts. + +`--file-start-context' + Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly + (assumes `-S') from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend + the context to the start of the file. + +`-h' +`--section-headers' +`--headers' + Display summary information from the section headers of the object + file. + + File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for + example by using the `-Ttext', `-Tdata', or `-Tbss' options to + `ld'. However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not + store the starting address of the file segments. In those + situations, although `ld' relocates the sections correctly, using + `objdump -h' to list the file section headers cannot show the + correct addresses. Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which + are implicit for the target. + +`-H' +`--help' + Print a summary of the options to `objdump' and exit. + +`-i' +`--info' + Display a list showing all architectures and object formats + available for specification with `-b' or `-m'. + +`-j NAME' +`--section=NAME' + Display information only for section NAME. + +`-l' +`--line-numbers' + Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename + and source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs + shown. Only useful with `-d', `-D', or `-r'. + +`-m MACHINE' +`--architecture=MACHINE' + Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files. + This can be useful when disassembling object files which do not + describe architecture information, such as S-records. You can + list the available architectures with the `-i' option. + + If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch has an + additional effect. It restricts the disassembly to only those + instructions supported by the architecture specified by MACHINE. + If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does + not contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to + disassemble all the instructions use `-marm'. + +`-M OPTIONS' +`--disassembler-options=OPTIONS' + Pass target specific information to the disassembler. Only + supported on some targets. If it is necessary to specify more + than one disassembler option then multiple `-M' options can be + used or can be placed together into a comma separated list. + + If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch can be used + to select which register name set is used during disassembler. + Specifying `-M reg-names-std' (the default) will select the + register names as used in ARM's instruction set documentation, but + with register 13 called 'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register + 15 called 'pc'. Specifying `-M reg-names-apcs' will select the + name set used by the ARM Procedure Call Standard, whilst + specifying `-M reg-names-raw' will just use `r' followed by the + register number. + + There are also two variants on the APCS register naming scheme + enabled by `-M reg-names-atpcs' and `-M reg-names-special-atpcs' + which use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming + conventions. (Either with the normal register names or the + special register names). + + This option can also be used for ARM architectures to force the + disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by + using the switch `--disassembler-options=force-thumb'. This can be + useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other + compilers. + + For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the `-m' + switch, but allow finer grained control. Multiple selections from + the following may be specified as a comma separated string. + `x86-64', `i386' and `i8086' select disassembly for the given + architecture. `intel' and `att' select between intel syntax mode + and AT&T syntax mode. `intel-mnemonic' and `att-mnemonic' select + between intel mnemonic mode and AT&T mnemonic mode. + `intel-mnemonic' implies `intel' and `att-mnemonic' implies `att'. + `addr64', `addr32', `addr16', `data32' and `data16' specify the + default address size and operand size. These four options will be + overridden if `x86-64', `i386' or `i8086' appear later in the + option string. Lastly, `suffix', when in AT&T mode, instructs the + disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the suffix could + be inferred by the operands. + + For PowerPC, `booke' controls the disassembly of BookE + instructions. `32' and `64' select PowerPC and PowerPC64 + disassembly, respectively. `e300' selects disassembly for the + e300 family. `440' selects disassembly for the PowerPC 440. + `ppcps' selects disassembly for the paired single instructions of + the PPC750CL. + + For MIPS, this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic + names and register names in disassembled instructions. Multiple + selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated + string, and invalid options are ignored: + + `no-aliases' + Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo + instruction mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of + 'move', 'sll' instead of 'nop', etc. + + `msa' + Disassemble MSA instructions. + + `virt' + Disassemble the virtualization ASE instructions. + + `xpa' + Disassemble the eXtended Physical Address (XPA) ASE + instructions. + + `gpr-names=ABI' + Print GPR (general-purpose register) names as appropriate for + the specified ABI. By default, GPR names are selected + according to the ABI of the binary being disassembled. + + `fpr-names=ABI' + Print FPR (floating-point register) names as appropriate for + the specified ABI. By default, FPR numbers are printed + rather than names. + + `cp0-names=ARCH' + Print CP0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) + register names as appropriate for the CPU or architecture + specified by ARCH. By default, CP0 register names are + selected according to the architecture and CPU of the binary + being disassembled. + + `hwr-names=ARCH' + Print HWR (hardware register, used by the `rdhwr' + instruction) names as appropriate for the CPU or architecture + specified by ARCH. By default, HWR names are selected + according to the architecture and CPU of the binary being + disassembled. + + `reg-names=ABI' + Print GPR and FPR names as appropriate for the selected ABI. + + `reg-names=ARCH' + Print CPU-specific register names (CP0 register and HWR names) + as appropriate for the selected CPU or architecture. + + For any of the options listed above, ABI or ARCH may be specified + as `numeric' to have numbers printed rather than names, for the + selected types of registers. You can list the available values of + ABI and ARCH using the `--help' option. + + For VAX, you can specify function entry addresses with `-M + entry:0xf00ba'. You can use this multiple times to properly + disassemble VAX binary files that don't contain symbol tables (like + ROM dumps). In these cases, the function entry mask would + otherwise be decoded as VAX instructions, which would probably + lead the rest of the function being wrongly disassembled. + +`-p' +`--private-headers' + Print information that is specific to the object file format. The + exact information printed depends upon the object file format. + For some object file formats, no additional information is printed. + +`-P OPTIONS' +`--private=OPTIONS' + Print information that is specific to the object file format. The + argument OPTIONS is a comma separated list that depends on the + format (the lists of options is displayed with the help). + + For XCOFF, the available options are: `header', `aout', + `sections', `syms', `relocs', `lineno', `loader', `except', + `typchk', `traceback', `toc' and `ldinfo'. + +`-r' +`--reloc' + Print the relocation entries of the file. If used with `-d' or + `-D', the relocations are printed interspersed with the + disassembly. + +`-R' +`--dynamic-reloc' + Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file. This is only + meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared + libraries. As for `-r', if used with `-d' or `-D', the + relocations are printed interspersed with the disassembly. + +`-s' +`--full-contents' + Display the full contents of any sections requested. By default + all non-empty sections are displayed. + +`-S' +`--source' + Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible. + Implies `-d'. + +`--prefix=PREFIX' + Specify PREFIX to add to the absolute paths when used with `-S'. + +`--prefix-strip=LEVEL' + Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the + hardwired absolute paths. It has no effect without + `--prefix='PREFIX. + +`--show-raw-insn' + When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as + well as in symbolic form. This is the default except when + `--prefix-addresses' is used. + +`--no-show-raw-insn' + When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction + bytes. This is the default when `--prefix-addresses' is used. + +`--insn-width=WIDTH' + Display WIDTH bytes on a single line when disassembling + instructions. + +`-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]' +`--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]' + Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are + present. If one of the optional letters or words follows the + switch then only data found in those specific sections will be + dumped. + + Note that there is no single letter option to display the content + of trace sections or .gdb_index. + + Note: the output from the `=info' option can also be affected by + the options `--dwarf-depth', the `--dwarf-start' and the + `--dwarf-check'. + +`--dwarf-depth=N' + Limit the dump of the `.debug_info' section to N children. This + is only useful with `--dwarf=info'. The default is to print all + DIEs; the special value 0 for N will also have this effect. + + With a non-zero value for N, DIEs at or deeper than N levels will + not be printed. The range for N is zero-based. + +`--dwarf-start=N' + Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered N. This is only + useful with `--dwarf=info'. + + If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header + information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered N. Only siblings + and children of the specified DIE will be printed. + + This can be used in conjunction with `--dwarf-depth'. + +`--dwarf-check' + Enable additional checks for consistency of Dwarf information. + +`-G' +`--stabs' + Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the + contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from + an ELF file. This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) + in which `.stab' debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an + ELF section. In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table + entries are interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in + the `--syms' output. + +`--start-address=ADDRESS' + Start displaying data at the specified address. This affects the + output of the `-d', `-r' and `-s' options. + +`--stop-address=ADDRESS' + Stop displaying data at the specified address. This affects the + output of the `-d', `-r' and `-s' options. + +`-t' +`--syms' + Print the symbol table entries of the file. This is similar to + the information provided by the `nm' program, although the display + format is different. The format of the output depends upon the + format of the file being dumped, but there are two main types. + One looks like this: + + [ 4](sec 3)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss + [ 6](sec 1)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred + + where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the + entry in the symbol table, the SEC number is the section number, + the FL value are the symbol's flag bits, the TY number is the + symbol's type, the SCL number is the symbol's storage class and + the NX value is the number of auxilary entries associated with the + symbol. The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name. + + The other common output format, usually seen with ELF based files, + looks like this: + + 00000000 l d .bss 00000000 .bss + 00000000 g .text 00000000 fred + + Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to + as its address). The next field is actually a set of characters + and spaces indicating the flag bits that are set on the symbol. + These characters are described below. Next is the section with + which the symbol is associated or _*ABS*_ if the section is + absolute (ie not connected with any section), or _*UND*_ if the + section is referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined + there. + + After the section name comes another field, a number, which for + common symbols is the alignment and for other symbol is the size. + Finally the symbol's name is displayed. + + The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows: + `l' + `g' + `u' + `!' + The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), + neither global nor local (a space) or both global and local + (!). A symbol can be neither local or global for a variety + of reasons, e.g., because it is used for debugging, but it is + probably an indication of a bug if it is ever both local and + global. Unique global symbols are a GNU extension to the + standard set of ELF symbol bindings. For such a symbol the + dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process + there is just one symbol with this name and type in use. + + `w' + The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space). + + `C' + The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a + space). + + `W' + The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space). A + warning symbol's name is a message to be displayed if the + symbol following the warning symbol is ever referenced. + + `I' + + `i' + The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a + function to be evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a + normal symbol (a space). + + `d' + `D' + The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) + or a normal symbol (a space). + + `F' + + `f' + + `O' + The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an + object (O) or just a normal symbol (a space). + +`-T' +`--dynamic-syms' + Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file. This is only + meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared + libraries. This is similar to the information provided by the `nm' + program when given the `-D' (`--dynamic') option. + +`--special-syms' + When displaying symbols include those which the target considers + to be special in some way and which would not normally be of + interest to the user. + +`-V' +`--version' + Print the version number of `objdump' and exit. + +`-x' +`--all-headers' + Display all available header information, including the symbol + table and relocation entries. Using `-x' is equivalent to + specifying all of `-a -f -h -p -r -t'. + +`-w' +`--wide' + Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 + columns. Also do not truncate symbol names when they are + displayed. + +`-z' +`--disassemble-zeroes' + Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes. This + option directs the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just + like any other data. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: ranlib, Next: size, Prev: objdump, Up: Top + +5 ranlib +******** + + ranlib [`--plugin' NAME] [`-DhHvVt'] ARCHIVE + + `ranlib' generates an index to the contents of an archive and stores +it in the archive. The index lists each symbol defined by a member of +an archive that is a relocatable object file. + + You may use `nm -s' or `nm --print-armap' to list this index. + + An archive with such an index speeds up linking to the library and +allows routines in the library to call each other without regard to +their placement in the archive. + + The GNU `ranlib' program is another form of GNU `ar'; running +`ranlib' is completely equivalent to executing `ar -s'. *Note ar::. + +`-h' +`-H' +`--help' + Show usage information for `ranlib'. + +`-v' +`-V' +`--version' + Show the version number of `ranlib'. + +`-D' + Operate in _deterministic_ mode. The symbol map archive member's + header will show zero for the UID, GID, and timestamp. When this + option is used, multiple runs will produce identical output files. + + If `binutils' was configured with + `--enable-deterministic-archives', then this mode is on by + default. It can be disabled with the `-U' option, described below. + +`-t' + Update the timestamp of the symbol map of an archive. + +`-U' + Do _not_ operate in _deterministic_ mode. This is the inverse of + the `-D' option, above: the archive index will get actual UID, + GID, timestamp, and file mode values. + + If `binutils' was configured _without_ + `--enable-deterministic-archives', then this mode is on by default. + + + +File: binutils.info, Node: size, Next: strings, Prev: ranlib, Up: Top + +6 size +****** + + size [`-A'|`-B'|`--format='COMPATIBILITY] + [`--help'] + [`-d'|`-o'|`-x'|`--radix='NUMBER] + [`--common'] + [`-t'|`--totals'] + [`--target='BFDNAME] [`-V'|`--version'] + [OBJFILE...] + + The GNU `size' utility lists the section sizes--and the total +size--for each of the object or archive files OBJFILE in its argument +list. By default, one line of output is generated for each object file +or each module in an archive. + + OBJFILE... are the object files to be examined. If none are +specified, the file `a.out' will be used. + + The command line options have the following meanings: + +`-A' +`-B' +`--format=COMPATIBILITY' + Using one of these options, you can choose whether the output from + GNU `size' resembles output from System V `size' (using `-A', or + `--format=sysv'), or Berkeley `size' (using `-B', or + `--format=berkeley'). The default is the one-line format similar + to Berkeley's. + + Here is an example of the Berkeley (default) format of output from + `size': + $ size --format=Berkeley ranlib size + text data bss dec hex filename + 294880 81920 11592 388392 5ed28 ranlib + 294880 81920 11888 388688 5ee50 size + + This is the same data, but displayed closer to System V + conventions: + + $ size --format=SysV ranlib size + ranlib : + section size addr + .text 294880 8192 + .data 81920 303104 + .bss 11592 385024 + Total 388392 + + + size : + section size addr + .text 294880 8192 + .data 81920 303104 + .bss 11888 385024 + Total 388688 + +`--help' + Show a summary of acceptable arguments and options. + +`-d' +`-o' +`-x' +`--radix=NUMBER' + Using one of these options, you can control whether the size of + each section is given in decimal (`-d', or `--radix=10'); octal + (`-o', or `--radix=8'); or hexadecimal (`-x', or `--radix=16'). + In `--radix=NUMBER', only the three values (8, 10, 16) are + supported. The total size is always given in two radices; decimal + and hexadecimal for `-d' or `-x' output, or octal and hexadecimal + if you're using `-o'. + +`--common' + Print total size of common symbols in each file. When using + Berkeley format these are included in the bss size. + +`-t' +`--totals' + Show totals of all objects listed (Berkeley format listing mode + only). + +`--target=BFDNAME' + Specify that the object-code format for OBJFILE is BFDNAME. This + option may not be necessary; `size' can automatically recognize + many formats. *Note Target Selection::, for more information. + +`-V' +`--version' + Display the version number of `size'. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: strings, Next: strip, Prev: size, Up: Top + +7 strings +********* + + strings [`-afovV'] [`-'MIN-LEN] + [`-n' MIN-LEN] [`--bytes='MIN-LEN] + [`-t' RADIX] [`--radix='RADIX] + [`-e' ENCODING] [`--encoding='ENCODING] + [`-'] [`--all'] [`--print-file-name'] + [`-T' BFDNAME] [`--target='BFDNAME] + [`-w'] [`--include-all-whitespace'] + [`--help'] [`--version'] FILE... + + For each FILE given, GNU `strings' prints the printable character +sequences that are at least 4 characters long (or the number given with +the options below) and are followed by an unprintable character. + + Depending upon how the strings program was configured it will default +to either displaying all the printable sequences that it can find in +each file, or only those sequences that are in loadable, initialized +data sections. If the file type in unrecognizable, or if strings is +reading from stdin then it will always display all of the printable +sequences that it can find. + + For backwards compatibility any file that occurs after a command line +option of just `-' will also be scanned in full, regardless of the +presence of any `-d' option. + + `strings' is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text +files. + +`-a' +`--all' +`-' + Scan the whole file, regardless of what sections it contains or + whether those sections are loaded or initialized. Normally this is + the default behaviour, but strings can be configured so that the + `-d' is the default instead. + + The `-' option is position dependent and forces strings to perform + full scans of any file that is mentioned after the `-' on the + command line, even if the `-d' option has been specified. + +`-d' +`--data' + Only print strings from initialized, loaded data sections in the + file. This may reduce the amount of garbage in the output, but it + also exposes the strings program to any security flaws that may be + present in the BFD library used to scan and load sections. Strings + can be configured so that this option is the default behaviour. In + such cases the `-a' option can be used to avoid using the BFD + library and instead just print all of the strings found in the + file. + +`-f' +`--print-file-name' + Print the name of the file before each string. + +`--help' + Print a summary of the program usage on the standard output and + exit. + +`-MIN-LEN' +`-n MIN-LEN' +`--bytes=MIN-LEN' + Print sequences of characters that are at least MIN-LEN characters + long, instead of the default 4. + +`-o' + Like `-t o'. Some other versions of `strings' have `-o' act like + `-t d' instead. Since we can not be compatible with both ways, we + simply chose one. + +`-t RADIX' +`--radix=RADIX' + Print the offset within the file before each string. The single + character argument specifies the radix of the offset--`o' for + octal, `x' for hexadecimal, or `d' for decimal. + +`-e ENCODING' +`--encoding=ENCODING' + Select the character encoding of the strings that are to be found. + Possible values for ENCODING are: `s' = single-7-bit-byte + characters (ASCII, ISO 8859, etc., default), `S' = + single-8-bit-byte characters, `b' = 16-bit bigendian, `l' = 16-bit + littleendian, `B' = 32-bit bigendian, `L' = 32-bit littleendian. + Useful for finding wide character strings. (`l' and `b' apply to, + for example, Unicode UTF-16/UCS-2 encodings). + +`-T BFDNAME' +`--target=BFDNAME' + Specify an object code format other than your system's default + format. *Note Target Selection::, for more information. + +`-v' +`-V' +`--version' + Print the program version number on the standard output and exit. + +`-w' +`--include-all-whitespace' + By default tab and space characters are included in the strings + that are displayed, but other whitespace characters, such a + newlines and carriage returns, are not. The `-w' option changes + this so that all whitespace characters are considered to be part + of a string. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: strip, Next: c++filt, Prev: strings, Up: Top + +8 strip +******* + + strip [`-F' BFDNAME |`--target='BFDNAME] + [`-I' BFDNAME |`--input-target='BFDNAME] + [`-O' BFDNAME |`--output-target='BFDNAME] + [`-s'|`--strip-all'] + [`-S'|`-g'|`-d'|`--strip-debug'] + [`--strip-dwo'] + [`-K' SYMBOLNAME |`--keep-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`-N' SYMBOLNAME |`--strip-symbol='SYMBOLNAME] + [`-w'|`--wildcard'] + [`-x'|`--discard-all'] [`-X' |`--discard-locals'] + [`-R' SECTIONNAME |`--remove-section='SECTIONNAME] + [`-o' FILE] [`-p'|`--preserve-dates'] + [`-D'|`--enable-deterministic-archives'] + [`-U'|`--disable-deterministic-archives'] + [`--keep-file-symbols'] + [`--only-keep-debug'] + [`-v' |`--verbose'] [`-V'|`--version'] + [`--help'] [`--info'] + OBJFILE... + + GNU `strip' discards all symbols from object files OBJFILE. The +list of object files may include archives. At least one object file +must be given. + + `strip' modifies the files named in its argument, rather than +writing modified copies under different names. + +`-F BFDNAME' +`--target=BFDNAME' + Treat the original OBJFILE as a file with the object code format + BFDNAME, and rewrite it in the same format. *Note Target + Selection::, for more information. + +`--help' + Show a summary of the options to `strip' and exit. + +`--info' + Display a list showing all architectures and object formats + available. + +`-I BFDNAME' +`--input-target=BFDNAME' + Treat the original OBJFILE as a file with the object code format + BFDNAME. *Note Target Selection::, for more information. + +`-O BFDNAME' +`--output-target=BFDNAME' + Replace OBJFILE with a file in the output format BFDNAME. *Note + Target Selection::, for more information. + +`-R SECTIONNAME' +`--remove-section=SECTIONNAME' + Remove any section named SECTIONNAME from the output file. This + option may be given more than once. Note that using this option + inappropriately may make the output file unusable. The wildcard + character `*' may be given at the end of SECTIONNAME. If so, then + any section starting with SECTIONNAME will be removed. + +`-s' +`--strip-all' + Remove all symbols. + +`-g' +`-S' +`-d' +`--strip-debug' + Remove debugging symbols only. + +`--strip-dwo' + Remove the contents of all DWARF .dwo sections, leaving the + remaining debugging sections and all symbols intact. See the + description of this option in the `objcopy' section for more + information. + +`--strip-unneeded' + Remove all symbols that are not needed for relocation processing. + +`-K SYMBOLNAME' +`--keep-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + When stripping symbols, keep symbol SYMBOLNAME even if it would + normally be stripped. This option may be given more than once. + +`-N SYMBOLNAME' +`--strip-symbol=SYMBOLNAME' + Remove symbol SYMBOLNAME from the source file. This option may be + given more than once, and may be combined with strip options other + than `-K'. + +`-o FILE' + Put the stripped output in FILE, rather than replacing the + existing file. When this argument is used, only one OBJFILE + argument may be specified. + +`-p' +`--preserve-dates' + Preserve the access and modification dates of the file. + +`-D' +`--enable-deterministic-archives' + Operate in _deterministic_ mode. When copying archive members and + writing the archive index, use zero for UIDs, GIDs, timestamps, + and use consistent file modes for all files. + + If `binutils' was configured with + `--enable-deterministic-archives', then this mode is on by default. + It can be disabled with the `-U' option, below. + +`-U' +`--disable-deterministic-archives' + Do _not_ operate in _deterministic_ mode. This is the inverse of + the `-D' option, above: when copying archive members and writing + the archive index, use their actual UID, GID, timestamp, and file + mode values. + + This is the default unless `binutils' was configured with + `--enable-deterministic-archives'. + +`-w' +`--wildcard' + Permit regular expressions in SYMBOLNAMEs used in other command + line options. The question mark (?), asterisk (*), backslash (\) + and square brackets ([]) operators can be used anywhere in the + symbol name. If the first character of the symbol name is the + exclamation point (!) then the sense of the switch is reversed for + that symbol. For example: + + -w -K !foo -K fo* + + would cause strip to only keep symbols that start with the letters + "fo", but to discard the symbol "foo". + +`-x' +`--discard-all' + Remove non-global symbols. + +`-X' +`--discard-locals' + Remove compiler-generated local symbols. (These usually start + with `L' or `.'.) + +`--keep-file-symbols' + When stripping a file, perhaps with `--strip-debug' or + `--strip-unneeded', retain any symbols specifying source file + names, which would otherwise get stripped. + +`--only-keep-debug' + Strip a file, removing contents of any sections that would not be + stripped by `--strip-debug' and leaving the debugging sections + intact. In ELF files, this preserves all note sections in the + output. + + The intention is that this option will be used in conjunction with + `--add-gnu-debuglink' to create a two part executable. One a + stripped binary which will occupy less space in RAM and in a + distribution and the second a debugging information file which is + only needed if debugging abilities are required. The suggested + procedure to create these files is as follows: + + 1. Link the executable as normal. Assuming that is is called + `foo' then... + + 2. Run `objcopy --only-keep-debug foo foo.dbg' to create a file + containing the debugging info. + + 3. Run `objcopy --strip-debug foo' to create a stripped + executable. + + 4. Run `objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.dbg foo' to add a link + to the debugging info into the stripped executable. + + Note--the choice of `.dbg' as an extension for the debug info file + is arbitrary. Also the `--only-keep-debug' step is optional. You + could instead do this: + + 1. Link the executable as normal. + + 2. Copy `foo' to `foo.full' + + 3. Run `strip --strip-debug foo' + + 4. Run `objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.full foo' + + i.e., the file pointed to by the `--add-gnu-debuglink' can be the + full executable. It does not have to be a file created by the + `--only-keep-debug' switch. + + Note--this switch is only intended for use on fully linked files. + It does not make sense to use it on object files where the + debugging information may be incomplete. Besides the + gnu_debuglink feature currently only supports the presence of one + filename containing debugging information, not multiple filenames + on a one-per-object-file basis. + +`-V' +`--version' + Show the version number for `strip'. + +`-v' +`--verbose' + Verbose output: list all object files modified. In the case of + archives, `strip -v' lists all members of the archive. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: c++filt, Next: addr2line, Prev: strip, Up: Top + +9 c++filt +********* + + c++filt [`-_'|`--strip-underscore'] + [`-n'|`--no-strip-underscore'] + [`-p'|`--no-params'] + [`-t'|`--types'] + [`-i'|`--no-verbose'] + [`-s' FORMAT|`--format='FORMAT] + [`--help'] [`--version'] [SYMBOL...] + + The C++ and Java languages provide function overloading, which means +that you can write many functions with the same name, providing that +each function takes parameters of different types. In order to be able +to distinguish these similarly named functions C++ and Java encode them +into a low-level assembler name which uniquely identifies each +different version. This process is known as "mangling". The `c++filt' +(1) program does the inverse mapping: it decodes ("demangles") low-level +names into user-level names so that they can be read. + + Every alphanumeric word (consisting of letters, digits, underscores, +dollars, or periods) seen in the input is a potential mangled name. If +the name decodes into a C++ name, the C++ name replaces the low-level +name in the output, otherwise the original word is output. In this way +you can pass an entire assembler source file, containing mangled names, +through `c++filt' and see the same source file containing demangled +names. + + You can also use `c++filt' to decipher individual symbols by passing +them on the command line: + + c++filt SYMBOL + + If no SYMBOL arguments are given, `c++filt' reads symbol names from +the standard input instead. All the results are printed on the +standard output. The difference between reading names from the command +line versus reading names from the standard input is that command line +arguments are expected to be just mangled names and no checking is +performed to separate them from surrounding text. Thus for example: + + c++filt -n _Z1fv + + will work and demangle the name to "f()" whereas: + + c++filt -n _Z1fv, + + will not work. (Note the extra comma at the end of the mangled name +which makes it invalid). This command however will work: + + echo _Z1fv, | c++filt -n + + and will display "f(),", i.e., the demangled name followed by a +trailing comma. This behaviour is because when the names are read from +the standard input it is expected that they might be part of an +assembler source file where there might be extra, extraneous characters +trailing after a mangled name. For example: + + .type _Z1fv, @function + +`-_' +`--strip-underscore' + On some systems, both the C and C++ compilers put an underscore in + front of every name. For example, the C name `foo' gets the + low-level name `_foo'. This option removes the initial + underscore. Whether `c++filt' removes the underscore by default + is target dependent. + +`-n' +`--no-strip-underscore' + Do not remove the initial underscore. + +`-p' +`--no-params' + When demangling the name of a function, do not display the types of + the function's parameters. + +`-t' +`--types' + Attempt to demangle types as well as function names. This is + disabled by default since mangled types are normally only used + internally in the compiler, and they can be confused with + non-mangled names. For example, a function called "a" treated as + a mangled type name would be demangled to "signed char". + +`-i' +`--no-verbose' + Do not include implementation details (if any) in the demangled + output. + +`-s FORMAT' +`--format=FORMAT' + `c++filt' can decode various methods of mangling, used by + different compilers. The argument to this option selects which + method it uses: + + `auto' + Automatic selection based on executable (the default method) + + `gnu' + the one used by the GNU C++ compiler (g++) + + `lucid' + the one used by the Lucid compiler (lcc) + + `arm' + the one specified by the C++ Annotated Reference Manual + + `hp' + the one used by the HP compiler (aCC) + + `edg' + the one used by the EDG compiler + + `gnu-v3' + the one used by the GNU C++ compiler (g++) with the V3 ABI. + + `java' + the one used by the GNU Java compiler (gcj) + + `gnat' + the one used by the GNU Ada compiler (GNAT). + +`--help' + Print a summary of the options to `c++filt' and exit. + +`--version' + Print the version number of `c++filt' and exit. + + _Warning:_ `c++filt' is a new utility, and the details of its user + interface are subject to change in future releases. In particular, + a command-line option may be required in the future to decode a + name passed as an argument on the command line; in other words, + + c++filt SYMBOL + + may in a future release become + + c++filt OPTION SYMBOL + + ---------- Footnotes ---------- + + (1) MS-DOS does not allow `+' characters in file names, so on MS-DOS +this program is named `CXXFILT'. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: addr2line, Next: nlmconv, Prev: c++filt, Up: Top + +10 addr2line +************ + + addr2line [`-a'|`--addresses'] + [`-b' BFDNAME|`--target='BFDNAME] + [`-C'|`--demangle'[=STYLE]] + [`-e' FILENAME|`--exe='FILENAME] + [`-f'|`--functions'] [`-s'|`--basename'] + [`-i'|`--inlines'] + [`-p'|`--pretty-print'] + [`-j'|`--section='NAME] + [`-H'|`--help'] [`-V'|`--version'] + [addr addr ...] + + `addr2line' translates addresses into file names and line numbers. +Given an address in an executable or an offset in a section of a +relocatable object, it uses the debugging information to figure out +which file name and line number are associated with it. + + The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the +`-e' option. The default is the file `a.out'. The section in the +relocatable object to use is specified with the `-j' option. + + `addr2line' has two modes of operation. + + In the first, hexadecimal addresses are specified on the command +line, and `addr2line' displays the file name and line number for each +address. + + In the second, `addr2line' reads hexadecimal addresses from standard +input, and prints the file name and line number for each address on +standard output. In this mode, `addr2line' may be used in a pipe to +convert dynamically chosen addresses. + + The format of the output is `FILENAME:LINENO'. By default each +input address generates one line of output. + + Two options can generate additional lines before each +`FILENAME:LINENO' line (in that order). + + If the `-a' option is used then a line with the input address is +displayed. + + If the `-f' option is used, then a line with the `FUNCTIONNAME' is +displayed. This is the name of the function containing the address. + + One option can generate additional lines after the `FILENAME:LINENO' +line. + + If the `-i' option is used and the code at the given address is +present there because of inlining by the compiler then additional lines +are displayed afterwards. One or two extra lines (if the `-f' option +is used) are displayed for each inlined function. + + Alternatively if the `-p' option is used then each input address +generates a single, long, output line containing the address, the +function name, the file name and the line number. If the `-i' option +has also been used then any inlined functions will be displayed in the +same manner, but on separate lines, and prefixed by the text `(inlined +by)'. + + If the file name or function name can not be determined, `addr2line' +will print two question marks in their place. If the line number can +not be determined, `addr2line' will print 0. + + The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. + +`-a' +`--addresses' + Display the address before the function name, file and line number + information. The address is printed with a `0x' prefix to easily + identify it. + +`-b BFDNAME' +`--target=BFDNAME' + Specify that the object-code format for the object files is + BFDNAME. + +`-C' +`--demangle[=STYLE]' + Decode ("demangle") low-level symbol names into user-level names. + Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, + this makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have + different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument + can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your + compiler. *Note c++filt::, for more information on demangling. + +`-e FILENAME' +`--exe=FILENAME' + Specify the name of the executable for which addresses should be + translated. The default file is `a.out'. + +`-f' +`--functions' + Display function names as well as file and line number information. + +`-s' +`--basenames' + Display only the base of each file name. + +`-i' +`--inlines' + If the address belongs to a function that was inlined, the source + information for all enclosing scopes back to the first non-inlined + function will also be printed. For example, if `main' inlines + `callee1' which inlines `callee2', and address is from `callee2', + the source information for `callee1' and `main' will also be + printed. + +`-j' +`--section' + Read offsets relative to the specified section instead of absolute + addresses. + +`-p' +`--pretty-print' + Make the output more human friendly: each location are printed on + one line. If option `-i' is specified, lines for all enclosing + scopes are prefixed with `(inlined by)'. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: nlmconv, Next: windmc, Prev: addr2line, Up: Top + +11 nlmconv +********** + +`nlmconv' converts a relocatable object file into a NetWare Loadable +Module. + + _Warning:_ `nlmconv' is not always built as part of the binary + utilities, since it is only useful for NLM targets. + + nlmconv [`-I' BFDNAME|`--input-target='BFDNAME] + [`-O' BFDNAME|`--output-target='BFDNAME] + [`-T' HEADERFILE|`--header-file='HEADERFILE] + [`-d'|`--debug'] [`-l' LINKER|`--linker='LINKER] + [`-h'|`--help'] [`-V'|`--version'] + INFILE OUTFILE + + `nlmconv' converts the relocatable `i386' object file INFILE into +the NetWare Loadable Module OUTFILE, optionally reading HEADERFILE for +NLM header information. For instructions on writing the NLM command +file language used in header files, see the `linkers' section, +`NLMLINK' in particular, of the `NLM Development and Tools Overview', +which is part of the NLM Software Developer's Kit ("NLM SDK"), +available from Novell, Inc. `nlmconv' uses the GNU Binary File +Descriptor library to read INFILE; see *Note BFD: (ld.info)BFD, for +more information. + + `nlmconv' can perform a link step. In other words, you can list +more than one object file for input if you list them in the definitions +file (rather than simply specifying one input file on the command line). +In this case, `nlmconv' calls the linker for you. + +`-I BFDNAME' +`--input-target=BFDNAME' + Object format of the input file. `nlmconv' can usually determine + the format of a given file (so no default is necessary). *Note + Target Selection::, for more information. + +`-O BFDNAME' +`--output-target=BFDNAME' + Object format of the output file. `nlmconv' infers the output + format based on the input format, e.g. for a `i386' input file the + output format is `nlm32-i386'. *Note Target Selection::, for more + information. + +`-T HEADERFILE' +`--header-file=HEADERFILE' + Reads HEADERFILE for NLM header information. For instructions on + writing the NLM command file language used in header files, see + see the `linkers' section, of the `NLM Development and Tools + Overview', which is part of the NLM Software Developer's Kit, + available from Novell, Inc. + +`-d' +`--debug' + Displays (on standard error) the linker command line used by + `nlmconv'. + +`-l LINKER' +`--linker=LINKER' + Use LINKER for any linking. LINKER can be an absolute or a + relative pathname. + +`-h' +`--help' + Prints a usage summary. + +`-V' +`--version' + Prints the version number for `nlmconv'. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: windmc, Next: windres, Prev: nlmconv, Up: Top + +12 windmc +********* + +`windmc' may be used to generator Windows message resources. + + _Warning:_ `windmc' is not always built as part of the binary + utilities, since it is only useful for Windows targets. + + windmc [options] input-file + + `windmc' reads message definitions from an input file (.mc) and +translate them into a set of output files. The output files may be of +four kinds: + +`h' + A C header file containing the message definitions. + +`rc' + A resource file compilable by the `windres' tool. + +`bin' + One or more binary files containing the resource data for a + specific message language. + +`dbg' + A C include file that maps message id's to their symbolic name. + + The exact description of these different formats is available in +documentation from Microsoft. + + When `windmc' converts from the `mc' format to the `bin' format, +`rc', `h', and optional `dbg' it is acting like the Windows Message +Compiler. + +`-a' +`--ascii_in' + Specifies that the input file specified is ASCII. This is the + default behaviour. + +`-A' +`--ascii_out' + Specifies that messages in the output `bin' files should be in + ASCII format. + +`-b' +`--binprefix' + Specifies that `bin' filenames should have to be prefixed by the + basename of the source file. + +`-c' +`--customflag' + Sets the customer bit in all message id's. + +`-C CODEPAGE' +`--codepage_in CODEPAGE' + Sets the default codepage to be used to convert input file to + UTF16. The default is ocdepage 1252. + +`-d' +`--decimal_values' + Outputs the constants in the header file in decimal. Default is + using hexadecimal output. + +`-e EXT' +`--extension EXT' + The extension for the header file. The default is .h extension. + +`-F TARGET' +`--target TARGET' + Specify the BFD format to use for a bin file as output. This is a + BFD target name; you can use the `--help' option to see a list of + supported targets. Normally `windmc' will use the default format, + which is the first one listed by the `--help' option. *Note + Target Selection::. + +`-h PATH' +`--headerdir PATH' + The target directory of the generated header file. The default is + the current directory. + +`-H' +`--help' + Displays a list of command line options and then exits. + +`-m CHARACTERS' +`--maxlength CHARACTERS' + Instructs `windmc' to generate a warning if the length of any + message exceeds the number specified. + +`-n' +`--nullterminate' + Terminate message text in `bin' files by zero. By default they are + terminated by CR/LF. + +`-o' +`--hresult_use' + Not yet implemented. Instructs `windmc' to generate an OLE2 header + file, using HRESULT definitions. Status codes are used if the flag + is not specified. + +`-O CODEPAGE' +`--codepage_out CODEPAGE' + Sets the default codepage to be used to output text files. The + default is ocdepage 1252. + +`-r PATH' +`--rcdir PATH' + The target directory for the generated `rc' script and the + generated `bin' files that the resource compiler script includes. + The default is the current directory. + +`-u' +`--unicode_in' + Specifies that the input file is UTF16. + +`-U' +`--unicode_out' + Specifies that messages in the output `bin' file should be in UTF16 + format. This is the default behaviour. + +`-v' + +`--verbose' + Enable verbose mode. + +`-V' + +`--version' + Prints the version number for `windmc'. + +`-x PATH' +`--xdgb PATH' + The path of the `dbg' C include file that maps message id's to the + symbolic name. No such file is generated without specifying the + switch. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: windres, Next: dlltool, Prev: windmc, Up: Top + +13 windres +********** + +`windres' may be used to manipulate Windows resources. + + _Warning:_ `windres' is not always built as part of the binary + utilities, since it is only useful for Windows targets. + + windres [options] [input-file] [output-file] + + `windres' reads resources from an input file and copies them into an +output file. Either file may be in one of three formats: + +`rc' + A text format read by the Resource Compiler. + +`res' + A binary format generated by the Resource Compiler. + +`coff' + A COFF object or executable. + + The exact description of these different formats is available in +documentation from Microsoft. + + When `windres' converts from the `rc' format to the `res' format, it +is acting like the Windows Resource Compiler. When `windres' converts +from the `res' format to the `coff' format, it is acting like the +Windows `CVTRES' program. + + When `windres' generates an `rc' file, the output is similar but not +identical to the format expected for the input. When an input `rc' +file refers to an external filename, an output `rc' file will instead +include the file contents. + + If the input or output format is not specified, `windres' will guess +based on the file name, or, for the input file, the file contents. A +file with an extension of `.rc' will be treated as an `rc' file, a file +with an extension of `.res' will be treated as a `res' file, and a file +with an extension of `.o' or `.exe' will be treated as a `coff' file. + + If no output file is specified, `windres' will print the resources +in `rc' format to standard output. + + The normal use is for you to write an `rc' file, use `windres' to +convert it to a COFF object file, and then link the COFF file into your +application. This will make the resources described in the `rc' file +available to Windows. + +`-i FILENAME' +`--input FILENAME' + The name of the input file. If this option is not used, then + `windres' will use the first non-option argument as the input file + name. If there are no non-option arguments, then `windres' will + read from standard input. `windres' can not read a COFF file from + standard input. + +`-o FILENAME' +`--output FILENAME' + The name of the output file. If this option is not used, then + `windres' will use the first non-option argument, after any used + for the input file name, as the output file name. If there is no + non-option argument, then `windres' will write to standard output. + `windres' can not write a COFF file to standard output. Note, for + compatibility with `rc' the option `-fo' is also accepted, but its + use is not recommended. + +`-J FORMAT' +`--input-format FORMAT' + The input format to read. FORMAT may be `res', `rc', or `coff'. + If no input format is specified, `windres' will guess, as + described above. + +`-O FORMAT' +`--output-format FORMAT' + The output format to generate. FORMAT may be `res', `rc', or + `coff'. If no output format is specified, `windres' will guess, + as described above. + +`-F TARGET' +`--target TARGET' + Specify the BFD format to use for a COFF file as input or output. + This is a BFD target name; you can use the `--help' option to see + a list of supported targets. Normally `windres' will use the + default format, which is the first one listed by the `--help' + option. *Note Target Selection::. + +`--preprocessor PROGRAM' + When `windres' reads an `rc' file, it runs it through the C + preprocessor first. This option may be used to specify the + preprocessor to use, including any leading arguments. The default + preprocessor argument is `gcc -E -xc-header -DRC_INVOKED'. + +`--preprocessor-arg OPTION' + When `windres' reads an `rc' file, it runs it through the C + preprocessor first. This option may be used to specify additional + text to be passed to preprocessor on its command line. This + option can be used multiple times to add multiple options to the + preprocessor command line. + +`-I DIRECTORY' +`--include-dir DIRECTORY' + Specify an include directory to use when reading an `rc' file. + `windres' will pass this to the preprocessor as an `-I' option. + `windres' will also search this directory when looking for files + named in the `rc' file. If the argument passed to this command + matches any of the supported FORMATS (as described in the `-J' + option), it will issue a deprecation warning, and behave just like + the `-J' option. New programs should not use this behaviour. If a + directory happens to match a FORMAT, simple prefix it with `./' to + disable the backward compatibility. + +`-D TARGET' +`--define SYM[=VAL]' + Specify a `-D' option to pass to the preprocessor when reading an + `rc' file. + +`-U TARGET' +`--undefine SYM' + Specify a `-U' option to pass to the preprocessor when reading an + `rc' file. + +`-r' + Ignored for compatibility with rc. + +`-v' + Enable verbose mode. This tells you what the preprocessor is if + you didn't specify one. + +`-c VAL' + +`--codepage VAL' + Specify the default codepage to use when reading an `rc' file. + VAL should be a hexadecimal prefixed by `0x' or decimal codepage + code. The valid range is from zero up to 0xffff, but the validity + of the codepage is host and configuration dependent. + +`-l VAL' + +`--language VAL' + Specify the default language to use when reading an `rc' file. + VAL should be a hexadecimal language code. The low eight bits are + the language, and the high eight bits are the sublanguage. + +`--use-temp-file' + Use a temporary file to instead of using popen to read the output + of the preprocessor. Use this option if the popen implementation + is buggy on the host (eg., certain non-English language versions + of Windows 95 and Windows 98 are known to have buggy popen where + the output will instead go the console). + +`--no-use-temp-file' + Use popen, not a temporary file, to read the output of the + preprocessor. This is the default behaviour. + +`-h' + +`--help' + Prints a usage summary. + +`-V' + +`--version' + Prints the version number for `windres'. + +`--yydebug' + If `windres' is compiled with `YYDEBUG' defined as `1', this will + turn on parser debugging. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: dlltool, Next: readelf, Prev: windres, Up: Top + +14 dlltool +********** + +`dlltool' is used to create the files needed to create dynamic link +libraries (DLLs) on systems which understand PE format image files such +as Windows. A DLL contains an export table which contains information +that the runtime loader needs to resolve references from a referencing +program. + + The export table is generated by this program by reading in a `.def' +file or scanning the `.a' and `.o' files which will be in the DLL. A +`.o' file can contain information in special `.drectve' sections with +export information. + + _Note:_ `dlltool' is not always built as part of the binary + utilities, since it is only useful for those targets which support + DLLs. + + dlltool [`-d'|`--input-def' DEF-FILE-NAME] + [`-b'|`--base-file' BASE-FILE-NAME] + [`-e'|`--output-exp' EXPORTS-FILE-NAME] + [`-z'|`--output-def' DEF-FILE-NAME] + [`-l'|`--output-lib' LIBRARY-FILE-NAME] + [`-y'|`--output-delaylib' LIBRARY-FILE-NAME] + [`--export-all-symbols'] [`--no-export-all-symbols'] + [`--exclude-symbols' LIST] + [`--no-default-excludes'] + [`-S'|`--as' PATH-TO-ASSEMBLER] [`-f'|`--as-flags' OPTIONS] + [`-D'|`--dllname' NAME] [`-m'|`--machine' MACHINE] + [`-a'|`--add-indirect'] + [`-U'|`--add-underscore'] [`--add-stdcall-underscore'] + [`-k'|`--kill-at'] [`-A'|`--add-stdcall-alias'] + [`-p'|`--ext-prefix-alias' PREFIX] + [`-x'|`--no-idata4'] [`-c'|`--no-idata5'] + [`--use-nul-prefixed-import-tables'] + [`-I'|`--identify' LIBRARY-FILE-NAME] [`--identify-strict'] + [`-i'|`--interwork'] + [`-n'|`--nodelete'] [`-t'|`--temp-prefix' PREFIX] + [`-v'|`--verbose'] + [`-h'|`--help'] [`-V'|`--version'] + [`--no-leading-underscore'] [`--leading-underscore'] + [object-file ...] + + `dlltool' reads its inputs, which can come from the `-d' and `-b' +options as well as object files specified on the command line. It then +processes these inputs and if the `-e' option has been specified it +creates a exports file. If the `-l' option has been specified it +creates a library file and if the `-z' option has been specified it +creates a def file. Any or all of the `-e', `-l' and `-z' options can +be present in one invocation of dlltool. + + When creating a DLL, along with the source for the DLL, it is +necessary to have three other files. `dlltool' can help with the +creation of these files. + + The first file is a `.def' file which specifies which functions are +exported from the DLL, which functions the DLL imports, and so on. This +is a text file and can be created by hand, or `dlltool' can be used to +create it using the `-z' option. In this case `dlltool' will scan the +object files specified on its command line looking for those functions +which have been specially marked as being exported and put entries for +them in the `.def' file it creates. + + In order to mark a function as being exported from a DLL, it needs to +have an `-export:<name_of_function>' entry in the `.drectve' section of +the object file. This can be done in C by using the asm() operator: + + asm (".section .drectve"); + asm (".ascii \"-export:my_func\""); + + int my_func (void) { ... } + + The second file needed for DLL creation is an exports file. This +file is linked with the object files that make up the body of the DLL +and it handles the interface between the DLL and the outside world. +This is a binary file and it can be created by giving the `-e' option to +`dlltool' when it is creating or reading in a `.def' file. + + The third file needed for DLL creation is the library file that +programs will link with in order to access the functions in the DLL (an +`import library'). This file can be created by giving the `-l' option +to dlltool when it is creating or reading in a `.def' file. + + If the `-y' option is specified, dlltool generates a delay-import +library that can be used instead of the normal import library to allow +a program to link to the dll only as soon as an imported function is +called for the first time. The resulting executable will need to be +linked to the static delayimp library containing __delayLoadHelper2(), +which in turn will import LoadLibraryA and GetProcAddress from kernel32. + + `dlltool' builds the library file by hand, but it builds the exports +file by creating temporary files containing assembler statements and +then assembling these. The `-S' command line option can be used to +specify the path to the assembler that dlltool will use, and the `-f' +option can be used to pass specific flags to that assembler. The `-n' +can be used to prevent dlltool from deleting these temporary assembler +files when it is done, and if `-n' is specified twice then this will +prevent dlltool from deleting the temporary object files it used to +build the library. + + Here is an example of creating a DLL from a source file `dll.c' and +also creating a program (from an object file called `program.o') that +uses that DLL: + + gcc -c dll.c + dlltool -e exports.o -l dll.lib dll.o + gcc dll.o exports.o -o dll.dll + gcc program.o dll.lib -o program + + `dlltool' may also be used to query an existing import library to +determine the name of the DLL to which it is associated. See the +description of the `-I' or `--identify' option. + + The command line options have the following meanings: + +`-d FILENAME' +`--input-def FILENAME' + Specifies the name of a `.def' file to be read in and processed. + +`-b FILENAME' +`--base-file FILENAME' + Specifies the name of a base file to be read in and processed. The + contents of this file will be added to the relocation section in + the exports file generated by dlltool. + +`-e FILENAME' +`--output-exp FILENAME' + Specifies the name of the export file to be created by dlltool. + +`-z FILENAME' +`--output-def FILENAME' + Specifies the name of the `.def' file to be created by dlltool. + +`-l FILENAME' +`--output-lib FILENAME' + Specifies the name of the library file to be created by dlltool. + +`-y FILENAME' +`--output-delaylib FILENAME' + Specifies the name of the delay-import library file to be created + by dlltool. + +`--export-all-symbols' + Treat all global and weak defined symbols found in the input object + files as symbols to be exported. There is a small list of symbols + which are not exported by default; see the `--no-default-excludes' + option. You may add to the list of symbols to not export by using + the `--exclude-symbols' option. + +`--no-export-all-symbols' + Only export symbols explicitly listed in an input `.def' file or in + `.drectve' sections in the input object files. This is the default + behaviour. The `.drectve' sections are created by `dllexport' + attributes in the source code. + +`--exclude-symbols LIST' + Do not export the symbols in LIST. This is a list of symbol names + separated by comma or colon characters. The symbol names should + not contain a leading underscore. This is only meaningful when + `--export-all-symbols' is used. + +`--no-default-excludes' + When `--export-all-symbols' is used, it will by default avoid + exporting certain special symbols. The current list of symbols to + avoid exporting is `DllMain@12', `DllEntryPoint@0', `impure_ptr'. + You may use the `--no-default-excludes' option to go ahead and + export these special symbols. This is only meaningful when + `--export-all-symbols' is used. + +`-S PATH' +`--as PATH' + Specifies the path, including the filename, of the assembler to be + used to create the exports file. + +`-f OPTIONS' +`--as-flags OPTIONS' + Specifies any specific command line options to be passed to the + assembler when building the exports file. This option will work + even if the `-S' option is not used. This option only takes one + argument, and if it occurs more than once on the command line, + then later occurrences will override earlier occurrences. So if + it is necessary to pass multiple options to the assembler they + should be enclosed in double quotes. + +`-D NAME' +`--dll-name NAME' + Specifies the name to be stored in the `.def' file as the name of + the DLL when the `-e' option is used. If this option is not + present, then the filename given to the `-e' option will be used + as the name of the DLL. + +`-m MACHINE' +`-machine MACHINE' + Specifies the type of machine for which the library file should be + built. `dlltool' has a built in default type, depending upon how + it was created, but this option can be used to override that. + This is normally only useful when creating DLLs for an ARM + processor, when the contents of the DLL are actually encode using + Thumb instructions. + +`-a' +`--add-indirect' + Specifies that when `dlltool' is creating the exports file it + should add a section which allows the exported functions to be + referenced without using the import library. Whatever the hell + that means! + +`-U' +`--add-underscore' + Specifies that when `dlltool' is creating the exports file it + should prepend an underscore to the names of _all_ exported + symbols. + +`--no-leading-underscore' + +`--leading-underscore' + Specifies whether standard symbol should be forced to be prefixed, + or not. + +`--add-stdcall-underscore' + Specifies that when `dlltool' is creating the exports file it + should prepend an underscore to the names of exported _stdcall_ + functions. Variable names and non-stdcall function names are not + modified. This option is useful when creating GNU-compatible + import libs for third party DLLs that were built with MS-Windows + tools. + +`-k' +`--kill-at' + Specifies that when `dlltool' is creating the exports file it + should not append the string `@ <number>'. These numbers are + called ordinal numbers and they represent another way of accessing + the function in a DLL, other than by name. + +`-A' +`--add-stdcall-alias' + Specifies that when `dlltool' is creating the exports file it + should add aliases for stdcall symbols without `@ <number>' in + addition to the symbols with `@ <number>'. + +`-p' +`--ext-prefix-alias PREFIX' + Causes `dlltool' to create external aliases for all DLL imports + with the specified prefix. The aliases are created for both + external and import symbols with no leading underscore. + +`-x' +`--no-idata4' + Specifies that when `dlltool' is creating the exports and library + files it should omit the `.idata4' section. This is for + compatibility with certain operating systems. + +`--use-nul-prefixed-import-tables' + Specifies that when `dlltool' is creating the exports and library + files it should prefix the `.idata4' and `.idata5' by zero an + element. This emulates old gnu import library generation of + `dlltool'. By default this option is turned off. + +`-c' +`--no-idata5' + Specifies that when `dlltool' is creating the exports and library + files it should omit the `.idata5' section. This is for + compatibility with certain operating systems. + +`-I FILENAME' +`--identify FILENAME' + Specifies that `dlltool' should inspect the import library + indicated by FILENAME and report, on `stdout', the name(s) of the + associated DLL(s). This can be performed in addition to any other + operations indicated by the other options and arguments. + `dlltool' fails if the import library does not exist or is not + actually an import library. See also `--identify-strict'. + +`--identify-strict' + Modifies the behavior of the `--identify' option, such that an + error is reported if FILENAME is associated with more than one DLL. + +`-i' +`--interwork' + Specifies that `dlltool' should mark the objects in the library + file and exports file that it produces as supporting interworking + between ARM and Thumb code. + +`-n' +`--nodelete' + Makes `dlltool' preserve the temporary assembler files it used to + create the exports file. If this option is repeated then dlltool + will also preserve the temporary object files it uses to create + the library file. + +`-t PREFIX' +`--temp-prefix PREFIX' + Makes `dlltool' use PREFIX when constructing the names of + temporary assembler and object files. By default, the temp file + prefix is generated from the pid. + +`-v' +`--verbose' + Make dlltool describe what it is doing. + +`-h' +`--help' + Displays a list of command line options and then exits. + +`-V' +`--version' + Displays dlltool's version number and then exits. + + +* Menu: + +* def file format:: The format of the dlltool `.def' file + + +File: binutils.info, Node: def file format, Up: dlltool + +14.1 The format of the `dlltool' `.def' file +============================================ + +A `.def' file contains any number of the following commands: + +`NAME' NAME `[ ,' BASE `]' + The result is going to be named NAME`.exe'. + +`LIBRARY' NAME `[ ,' BASE `]' + The result is going to be named NAME`.dll'. Note: If you want to + use LIBRARY as name then you need to quote. Otherwise this will + fail due a necessary hack for libtool (see PR binutils/13710 for + more details). + +`EXPORTS ( ( (' NAME1 `[ = ' NAME2 `] ) | ( ' NAME1 `=' MODULE-NAME `.' EXTERNAL-NAME `) ) [ == ' ITS_NAME `]' + +`[' INTEGER `] [ NONAME ] [ CONSTANT ] [ DATA ] [ PRIVATE ] ) *' + Declares NAME1 as an exported symbol from the DLL, with optional + ordinal number INTEGER, or declares NAME1 as an alias (forward) of + the function EXTERNAL-NAME in the DLL. If ITS_NAME is specified, + this name is used as string in export table. MODULE-NAME. Note: + The `EXPORTS' has to be the last command in .def file, as keywords + are treated - beside `LIBRARY' - as simple name-identifiers. If + you want to use LIBRARY as name then you need to quote it. + +`IMPORTS ( (' INTERNAL-NAME `=' MODULE-NAME `.' INTEGER `) | [' INTERNAL-NAME `= ]' MODULE-NAME `.' EXTERNAL-NAME `) [ == ) ITS_NAME `]' *' + Declares that EXTERNAL-NAME or the exported function whose ordinal + number is INTEGER is to be imported from the file MODULE-NAME. If + INTERNAL-NAME is specified then this is the name that the imported + function will be referred to in the body of the DLL. If ITS_NAME + is specified, this name is used as string in import table. Note: + The `IMPORTS' has to be the last command in .def file, as keywords + are treated - beside `LIBRARY' - as simple name-identifiers. If + you want to use LIBRARY as name then you need to quote it. + +`DESCRIPTION' STRING + Puts STRING into the output `.exp' file in the `.rdata' section. + +`STACKSIZE' NUMBER-RESERVE `[, ' NUMBER-COMMIT `]' + +`HEAPSIZE' NUMBER-RESERVE `[, ' NUMBER-COMMIT `]' + Generates `--stack' or `--heap' NUMBER-RESERVE,NUMBER-COMMIT in + the output `.drectve' section. The linker will see this and act + upon it. + +`CODE' ATTR `+' + +`DATA' ATTR `+' + +`SECTIONS (' SECTION-NAME ATTR` + ) *' + Generates `--attr' SECTION-NAME ATTR in the output `.drectve' + section, where ATTR is one of `READ', `WRITE', `EXECUTE' or + `SHARED'. The linker will see this and act upon it. + + + +File: binutils.info, Node: readelf, Next: elfedit, Prev: dlltool, Up: Top + +15 readelf +********** + + readelf [`-a'|`--all'] + [`-h'|`--file-header'] + [`-l'|`--program-headers'|`--segments'] + [`-S'|`--section-headers'|`--sections'] + [`-g'|`--section-groups'] + [`-t'|`--section-details'] + [`-e'|`--headers'] + [`-s'|`--syms'|`--symbols'] + [`--dyn-syms'] + [`-n'|`--notes'] + [`-r'|`--relocs'] + [`-u'|`--unwind'] + [`-d'|`--dynamic'] + [`-V'|`--version-info'] + [`-A'|`--arch-specific'] + [`-D'|`--use-dynamic'] + [`-x' <number or name>|`--hex-dump='<number or name>] + [`-p' <number or name>|`--string-dump='<number or name>] + [`-R' <number or name>|`--relocated-dump='<number or name>] + [`-c'|`--archive-index'] + [`-w[lLiaprmfFsoRt]'| + `--debug-dump'[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]] + [`--dwarf-depth=N'] + [`--dwarf-start=N'] + [`-I'|`--histogram'] + [`-v'|`--version'] + [`-W'|`--wide'] + [`-H'|`--help'] + ELFFILE... + + `readelf' displays information about one or more ELF format object +files. The options control what particular information to display. + + ELFFILE... are the object files to be examined. 32-bit and 64-bit +ELF files are supported, as are archives containing ELF files. + + This program performs a similar function to `objdump' but it goes +into more detail and it exists independently of the BFD library, so if +there is a bug in BFD then readelf will not be affected. + + The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. At least one option besides `-v' or `-H' must be given. + +`-a' +`--all' + Equivalent to specifying `--file-header', `--program-headers', + `--sections', `--symbols', `--relocs', `--dynamic', `--notes' and + `--version-info'. + +`-h' +`--file-header' + Displays the information contained in the ELF header at the start + of the file. + +`-l' +`--program-headers' +`--segments' + Displays the information contained in the file's segment headers, + if it has any. + +`-S' +`--sections' +`--section-headers' + Displays the information contained in the file's section headers, + if it has any. + +`-g' +`--section-groups' + Displays the information contained in the file's section groups, + if it has any. + +`-t' +`--section-details' + Displays the detailed section information. Implies `-S'. + +`-s' +`--symbols' +`--syms' + Displays the entries in symbol table section of the file, if it + has one. + +`--dyn-syms' + Displays the entries in dynamic symbol table section of the file, + if it has one. + +`-e' +`--headers' + Display all the headers in the file. Equivalent to `-h -l -S'. + +`-n' +`--notes' + Displays the contents of the NOTE segments and/or sections, if any. + +`-r' +`--relocs' + Displays the contents of the file's relocation section, if it has + one. + +`-u' +`--unwind' + Displays the contents of the file's unwind section, if it has one. + Only the unwind sections for IA64 ELF files, as well as ARM + unwind tables (`.ARM.exidx' / `.ARM.extab') are currently + supported. + +`-d' +`--dynamic' + Displays the contents of the file's dynamic section, if it has one. + +`-V' +`--version-info' + Displays the contents of the version sections in the file, it they + exist. + +`-A' +`--arch-specific' + Displays architecture-specific information in the file, if there + is any. + +`-D' +`--use-dynamic' + When displaying symbols, this option makes `readelf' use the + symbol hash tables in the file's dynamic section, rather than the + symbol table sections. + +`-x <number or name>' +`--hex-dump=<number or name>' + Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal + bytes. A number identifies a particular section by index in the + section table; any other string identifies all sections with that + name in the object file. + +`-R <number or name>' +`--relocated-dump=<number or name>' + Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal + bytes. A number identifies a particular section by index in the + section table; any other string identifies all sections with that + name in the object file. The contents of the section will be + relocated before they are displayed. + +`-p <number or name>' +`--string-dump=<number or name>' + Displays the contents of the indicated section as printable + strings. A number identifies a particular section by index in the + section table; any other string identifies all sections with that + name in the object file. + +`-c' +`--archive-index' + Displays the file symbol index information contained in the header + part of binary archives. Performs the same function as the `t' + command to `ar', but without using the BFD library. *Note ar::. + +`-w[lLiaprmfFsoRt]' +`--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]' + Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are + present. If one of the optional letters or words follows the + switch then only data found in those specific sections will be + dumped. + + Note that there is no single letter option to display the content + of trace sections or .gdb_index. + + Note: the `=decodedline' option will display the interpreted + contents of a .debug_line section whereas the `=rawline' option + dumps the contents in a raw format. + + Note: the `=frames-interp' option will display the interpreted + contents of a .debug_frame section whereas the `=frames' option + dumps the contents in a raw format. + + Note: the output from the `=info' option can also be affected by + the options `--dwarf-depth' and `--dwarf-start'. + +`--dwarf-depth=N' + Limit the dump of the `.debug_info' section to N children. This + is only useful with `--debug-dump=info'. The default is to print + all DIEs; the special value 0 for N will also have this effect. + + With a non-zero value for N, DIEs at or deeper than N levels will + not be printed. The range for N is zero-based. + +`--dwarf-start=N' + Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered N. This is only + useful with `--debug-dump=info'. + + If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header + information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered N. Only siblings + and children of the specified DIE will be printed. + + This can be used in conjunction with `--dwarf-depth'. + +`-I' +`--histogram' + Display a histogram of bucket list lengths when displaying the + contents of the symbol tables. + +`-v' +`--version' + Display the version number of readelf. + +`-W' +`--wide' + Don't break output lines to fit into 80 columns. By default + `readelf' breaks section header and segment listing lines for + 64-bit ELF files, so that they fit into 80 columns. This option + causes `readelf' to print each section header resp. each segment + one a single line, which is far more readable on terminals wider + than 80 columns. + +`-H' +`--help' + Display the command line options understood by `readelf'. + + + +File: binutils.info, Node: elfedit, Next: Common Options, Prev: readelf, Up: Top + +16 elfedit +********** + + elfedit [`--input-mach='MACHINE] + [`--input-type='TYPE] + [`--input-osabi='OSABI] + `--output-mach='MACHINE + `--output-type='TYPE + `--output-osabi='OSABI + [`-v'|`--version'] + [`-h'|`--help'] + ELFFILE... + + `elfedit' updates the ELF header of ELF files which have the +matching ELF machine and file types. The options control how and which +fields in the ELF header should be updated. + + ELFFILE... are the ELF files to be updated. 32-bit and 64-bit ELF +files are supported, as are archives containing ELF files. + + The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. At least one of the `--output-mach', `--output-type' and +`--output-osabi' options must be given. + +`--input-mach=MACHINE' + Set the matching input ELF machine type to MACHINE. If + `--input-mach' isn't specified, it will match any ELF machine + types. + + The supported ELF machine types are, L1OM, K1OM and X86-64. + +`--output-mach=MACHINE' + Change the ELF machine type in the ELF header to MACHINE. The + supported ELF machine types are the same as `--input-mach'. + +`--input-type=TYPE' + Set the matching input ELF file type to TYPE. If `--input-type' + isn't specified, it will match any ELF file types. + + The supported ELF file types are, REL, EXEC and DYN. + +`--output-type=TYPE' + Change the ELF file type in the ELF header to TYPE. The supported + ELF types are the same as `--input-type'. + +`--input-osabi=OSABI' + Set the matching input ELF file OSABI to OSABI. If + `--input-osabi' isn't specified, it will match any ELF OSABIs. + + The supported ELF OSABIs are, NONE, HPUX, NETBSD, GNU, LINUX + (alias for GNU), SOLARIS, AIX, IRIX, FREEBSD, TRU64, MODESTO, + OPENBSD, OPENVMS, NSK, AROS and FENIXOS. + +`--output-osabi=OSABI' + Change the ELF OSABI in the ELF header to OSABI. The supported + ELF OSABI are the same as `--input-osabi'. + +`-v' +`--version' + Display the version number of `elfedit'. + +`-h' +`--help' + Display the command line options understood by `elfedit'. + + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Common Options, Next: Selecting the Target System, Prev: elfedit, Up: Top + +17 Common Options +***************** + +The following command-line options are supported by all of the programs +described in this manual. + +`@FILE' + Read command-line options from FILE. The options read are + inserted in place of the original @FILE option. If FILE does not + exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated + literally, and not removed. + + Options in FILE are separated by whitespace. A whitespace + character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire + option in either single or double quotes. Any character + (including a backslash) may be included by prefixing the character + to be included with a backslash. The FILE may itself contain + additional @FILE options; any such options will be processed + recursively. + +`--help' + Display the command-line options supported by the program. + +`--version' + Display the version number of the program. + + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Selecting the Target System, Next: Reporting Bugs, Prev: Common Options, Up: Top + +18 Selecting the Target System +****************************** + +You can specify two aspects of the target system to the GNU binary file +utilities, each in several ways: + + * the target + + * the architecture + + In the following summaries, the lists of ways to specify values are +in order of decreasing precedence. The ways listed first override those +listed later. + + The commands to list valid values only list the values for which the +programs you are running were configured. If they were configured with +`--enable-targets=all', the commands list most of the available values, +but a few are left out; not all targets can be configured in at once +because some of them can only be configured "native" (on hosts with the +same type as the target system). + +* Menu: + +* Target Selection:: +* Architecture Selection:: + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Target Selection, Next: Architecture Selection, Up: Selecting the Target System + +18.1 Target Selection +===================== + +A "target" is an object file format. A given target may be supported +for multiple architectures (*note Architecture Selection::). A target +selection may also have variations for different operating systems or +architectures. + + The command to list valid target values is `objdump -i' (the first +column of output contains the relevant information). + + Some sample values are: `a.out-hp300bsd', `ecoff-littlemips', +`a.out-sunos-big'. + + You can also specify a target using a configuration triplet. This is +the same sort of name that is passed to `configure' to specify a +target. When you use a configuration triplet as an argument, it must be +fully canonicalized. You can see the canonical version of a triplet by +running the shell script `config.sub' which is included with the +sources. + + Some sample configuration triplets are: `m68k-hp-bsd', +`mips-dec-ultrix', `sparc-sun-sunos'. + +`objdump' Target +---------------- + +Ways to specify: + + 1. command line option: `-b' or `--target' + + 2. environment variable `GNUTARGET' + + 3. deduced from the input file + +`objcopy' and `strip' Input Target +---------------------------------- + +Ways to specify: + + 1. command line options: `-I' or `--input-target', or `-F' or + `--target' + + 2. environment variable `GNUTARGET' + + 3. deduced from the input file + +`objcopy' and `strip' Output Target +----------------------------------- + +Ways to specify: + + 1. command line options: `-O' or `--output-target', or `-F' or + `--target' + + 2. the input target (see "`objcopy' and `strip' Input Target" above) + + 3. environment variable `GNUTARGET' + + 4. deduced from the input file + +`nm', `size', and `strings' Target +---------------------------------- + +Ways to specify: + + 1. command line option: `--target' + + 2. environment variable `GNUTARGET' + + 3. deduced from the input file + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Architecture Selection, Prev: Target Selection, Up: Selecting the Target System + +18.2 Architecture Selection +=========================== + +An "architecture" is a type of CPU on which an object file is to run. +Its name may contain a colon, separating the name of the processor +family from the name of the particular CPU. + + The command to list valid architecture values is `objdump -i' (the +second column contains the relevant information). + + Sample values: `m68k:68020', `mips:3000', `sparc'. + +`objdump' Architecture +---------------------- + +Ways to specify: + + 1. command line option: `-m' or `--architecture' + + 2. deduced from the input file + +`objcopy', `nm', `size', `strings' Architecture +----------------------------------------------- + +Ways to specify: + + 1. deduced from the input file + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Reporting Bugs, Next: GNU Free Documentation License, Prev: Selecting the Target System, Up: Top + +19 Reporting Bugs +***************** + +Your bug reports play an essential role in making the binary utilities +reliable. + + Reporting a bug may help you by bringing a solution to your problem, +or it may not. But in any case the principal function of a bug report +is to help the entire community by making the next version of the binary +utilities work better. Bug reports are your contribution to their +maintenance. + + In order for a bug report to serve its purpose, you must include the +information that enables us to fix the bug. + +* Menu: + +* Bug Criteria:: Have you found a bug? +* Bug Reporting:: How to report bugs + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Bug Criteria, Next: Bug Reporting, Up: Reporting Bugs + +19.1 Have You Found a Bug? +========================== + +If you are not sure whether you have found a bug, here are some +guidelines: + + * If a binary utility gets a fatal signal, for any input whatever, + that is a bug. Reliable utilities never crash. + + * If a binary utility produces an error message for valid input, + that is a bug. + + * If you are an experienced user of binary utilities, your + suggestions for improvement are welcome in any case. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Bug Reporting, Prev: Bug Criteria, Up: Reporting Bugs + +19.2 How to Report Bugs +======================= + +A number of companies and individuals offer support for GNU products. +If you obtained the binary utilities from a support organization, we +recommend you contact that organization first. + + You can find contact information for many support companies and +individuals in the file `etc/SERVICE' in the GNU Emacs distribution. + + In any event, we also recommend that you send bug reports for the +binary utilities to `http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/'. + + The fundamental principle of reporting bugs usefully is this: +*report all the facts*. If you are not sure whether to state a fact or +leave it out, state it! + + Often people omit facts because they think they know what causes the +problem and assume that some details do not matter. Thus, you might +assume that the name of a file you use in an example does not matter. +Well, probably it does not, but one cannot be sure. Perhaps the bug is +a stray memory reference which happens to fetch from the location where +that pathname is stored in memory; perhaps, if the pathname were +different, the contents of that location would fool the utility into +doing the right thing despite the bug. Play it safe and give a +specific, complete example. That is the easiest thing for you to do, +and the most helpful. + + Keep in mind that the purpose of a bug report is to enable us to fix +the bug if it is new to us. Therefore, always write your bug reports +on the assumption that the bug has not been reported previously. + + Sometimes people give a few sketchy facts and ask, "Does this ring a +bell?" This cannot help us fix a bug, so it is basically useless. We +respond by asking for enough details to enable us to investigate. You +might as well expedite matters by sending them to begin with. + + To enable us to fix the bug, you should include all these things: + + * The version of the utility. Each utility announces it if you + start it with the `--version' argument. + + Without this, we will not know whether there is any point in + looking for the bug in the current version of the binary utilities. + + * Any patches you may have applied to the source, including any + patches made to the `BFD' library. + + * The type of machine you are using, and the operating system name + and version number. + + * What compiler (and its version) was used to compile the + utilities--e.g. "`gcc-2.7'". + + * The command arguments you gave the utility to observe the bug. To + guarantee you will not omit something important, list them all. A + copy of the Makefile (or the output from make) is sufficient. + + If we were to try to guess the arguments, we would probably guess + wrong and then we might not encounter the bug. + + * A complete input file, or set of input files, that will reproduce + the bug. If the utility is reading an object file or files, then + it is generally most helpful to send the actual object files. + + If the source files were produced exclusively using GNU programs + (e.g., `gcc', `gas', and/or the GNU `ld'), then it may be OK to + send the source files rather than the object files. In this case, + be sure to say exactly what version of `gcc', or whatever, was + used to produce the object files. Also say how `gcc', or + whatever, was configured. + + * A description of what behavior you observe that you believe is + incorrect. For example, "It gets a fatal signal." + + Of course, if the bug is that the utility gets a fatal signal, + then we will certainly notice it. But if the bug is incorrect + output, we might not notice unless it is glaringly wrong. You + might as well not give us a chance to make a mistake. + + Even if the problem you experience is a fatal signal, you should + still say so explicitly. Suppose something strange is going on, + such as your copy of the utility is out of sync, or you have + encountered a bug in the C library on your system. (This has + happened!) Your copy might crash and ours would not. If you told + us to expect a crash, then when ours fails to crash, we would know + that the bug was not happening for us. If you had not told us to + expect a crash, then we would not be able to draw any conclusion + from our observations. + + * If you wish to suggest changes to the source, send us context + diffs, as generated by `diff' with the `-u', `-c', or `-p' option. + Always send diffs from the old file to the new file. If you wish + to discuss something in the `ld' source, refer to it by context, + not by line number. + + The line numbers in our development sources will not match those + in your sources. Your line numbers would convey no useful + information to us. + + Here are some things that are not necessary: + + * A description of the envelope of the bug. + + Often people who encounter a bug spend a lot of time investigating + which changes to the input file will make the bug go away and which + changes will not affect it. + + This is often time consuming and not very useful, because the way + we will find the bug is by running a single example under the + debugger with breakpoints, not by pure deduction from a series of + examples. We recommend that you save your time for something else. + + Of course, if you can find a simpler example to report _instead_ + of the original one, that is a convenience for us. Errors in the + output will be easier to spot, running under the debugger will take + less time, and so on. + + However, simplification is not vital; if you do not want to do + this, report the bug anyway and send us the entire test case you + used. + + * A patch for the bug. + + A patch for the bug does help us if it is a good one. But do not + omit the necessary information, such as the test case, on the + assumption that a patch is all we need. We might see problems + with your patch and decide to fix the problem another way, or we + might not understand it at all. + + Sometimes with programs as complicated as the binary utilities it + is very hard to construct an example that will make the program + follow a certain path through the code. If you do not send us the + example, we will not be able to construct one, so we will not be + able to verify that the bug is fixed. + + And if we cannot understand what bug you are trying to fix, or why + your patch should be an improvement, we will not install it. A + test case will help us to understand. + + * A guess about what the bug is or what it depends on. + + Such guesses are usually wrong. Even we cannot guess right about + such things without first using the debugger to find the facts. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: GNU Free Documentation License, Next: Binutils Index, Prev: Reporting Bugs, Up: Top + +Appendix A GNU Free Documentation License +***************************************** + + Version 1.3, 3 November 2008 + + Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + `http://fsf.org/' + + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + 0. PREAMBLE + + The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other + functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to + assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, + with or without modifying it, either commercially or + noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the + author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not + being considered responsible for modifications made by others. + + This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative + works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. + It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft + license designed for free software. + + We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for + free software, because free software needs free documentation: a + free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms + that the software does. But this License is not limited to + software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless + of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. + We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is + instruction or reference. + + 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS + + This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, + that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it + can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice + grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, + to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The + "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member + of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". You + accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a + way requiring permission under copyright law. + + A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the + Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with + modifications and/or translated into another language. + + A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section + of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the + publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall + subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could + fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document + is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not + explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of + historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or + of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position + regarding them. + + The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose + titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in + the notice that says that the Document is released under this + License. If a section does not fit the above definition of + Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. + The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document + does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none. + + The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are + listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice + that says that the Document is released under this License. A + Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may + be at most 25 words. + + A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, + represented in a format whose specification is available to the + general public, that is suitable for revising the document + straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images + composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some + widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to + text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of + formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an + otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of + markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent + modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is + not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A + copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". + + Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain + ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, + SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and + standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for + human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include + PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that + can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or + XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally + available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF + produced by some word processors for output purposes only. + + The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, + plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the + material this License requires to appear in the title page. For + works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title + Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the + work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text. + + The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies + of the Document to the public. + + A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document + whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses + following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ + stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as + "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) + To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the + Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according + to this definition. + + The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice + which states that this License applies to the Document. These + Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in + this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other + implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and + has no effect on the meaning of this License. + + 2. VERBATIM COPYING + + You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either + commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the + copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License + applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you + add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You + may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading + or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, + you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you + distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow + the conditions in section 3. + + You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, + and you may publicly display copies. + + 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY + + If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly + have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and + the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must + enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all + these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and + Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly + and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The + front cover must present the full title with all words of the + title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material + on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the + covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and + satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in + other respects. + + If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit + legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit + reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto + adjacent pages. + + If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document + numbering more than 100, you must either include a + machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or + state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from + which the general network-using public has access to download + using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent + copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the + latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you + begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that + this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated + location until at least one year after the last time you + distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or + retailers) of that edition to the public. + + It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of + the Document well before redistributing any large number of + copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated + version of the Document. + + 4. MODIFICATIONS + + You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document + under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you + release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with + the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus + licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to + whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these + things in the Modified Version: + + A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title + distinct from that of the Document, and from those of + previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed + in the History section of the Document). You may use the + same title as a previous version if the original publisher of + that version gives permission. + + B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or + entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in + the Modified Version, together with at least five of the + principal authors of the Document (all of its principal + authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you + from this requirement. + + C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the + Modified Version, as the publisher. + + D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. + + E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications + adjacent to the other copyright notices. + + F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license + notice giving the public permission to use the Modified + Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in + the Addendum below. + + G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant + Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's + license notice. + + H. Include an unaltered copy of this License. + + I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, + and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new + authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on + the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in + the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, + and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, + then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in + the previous sentence. + + J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document + for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and + likewise the network locations given in the Document for + previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in + the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a + work that was published at least four years before the + Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version + it refers to gives permission. + + K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", + Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the + section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor + acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein. + + L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, + unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers + or the equivalent are not considered part of the section + titles. + + M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section + may not be included in the Modified Version. + + N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled + "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant + Section. + + O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. + + If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or + appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no + material copied from the Document, you may at your option + designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, + add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified + Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any + other section titles. + + You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains + nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various + parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text + has been approved by an organization as the authoritative + definition of a standard. + + You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, + and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end + of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one + passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be + added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the + Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, + previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity + you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may + replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous + publisher that added the old one. + + The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this + License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to + assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version. + + 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS + + You may combine the Document with other documents released under + this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for + modified versions, provided that you include in the combination + all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, + unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your + combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all + their Warranty Disclaimers. + + The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and + multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single + copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name + but different contents, make the title of each such section unique + by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the + original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a + unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in + the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the + combined work. + + In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled + "History" in the various original documents, forming one section + Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled + "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You + must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements." + + 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS + + You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other + documents released under this License, and replace the individual + copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy + that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the + rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the + documents in all other respects. + + You may extract a single document from such a collection, and + distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert + a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow + this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of + that document. + + 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS + + A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other + separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of + a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the + copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the + legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual + works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this + License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which + are not themselves derivative works of the Document. + + If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these + copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half + of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed + on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the + electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic + form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket + the whole aggregate. + + 8. TRANSLATION + + Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may + distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section + 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special + permission from their copyright holders, but you may include + translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the + original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a + translation of this License, and all the license notices in the + Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also + include the original English version of this License and the + original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a + disagreement between the translation and the original version of + this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will + prevail. + + If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", + "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to + Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the + actual title. + + 9. TERMINATION + + You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document + except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt + otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, + and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. + + However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your + license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) + provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly + and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the + copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some + reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation. + + Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is + reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the + violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have + received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from + that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days + after your receipt of the notice. + + Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate + the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from + you under this License. If your rights have been terminated and + not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of + the same material does not give you any rights to use it. + + 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE + + The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of + the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new + versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may + differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See + `http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/'. + + Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version + number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered + version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you + have the option of following the terms and conditions either of + that specified version or of any later version that has been + published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If + the Document does not specify a version number of this License, + you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the + Free Software Foundation. If the Document specifies that a proxy + can decide which future versions of this License can be used, that + proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently + authorizes you to choose that version for the Document. + + 11. RELICENSING + + "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any + World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also + provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A + public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. + A "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the + site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC + site. + + "CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 + license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit + corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, + California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license + published by that same organization. + + "Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or + in part, as part of another Document. + + An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this + License, and if all works that were first published under this + License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently + incorporated in whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover + texts or invariant sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior + to November 1, 2008. + + The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the + site under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, + 2009, provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing. + + +ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents +==================================================== + +To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of +the License in the document and put the following copyright and license +notices just after the title page: + + Copyright (C) YEAR YOUR NAME. + Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document + under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 + or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; + with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover + Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU + Free Documentation License''. + + If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover +Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this: + + with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with + the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts + being LIST. + + If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other +combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the +situation. + + If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we +recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of +free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to +permit their use in free software. + + +File: binutils.info, Node: Binutils Index, Prev: GNU Free Documentation License, Up: Top + +Binutils Index +************** + + +* Menu: + +* --enable-deterministic-archives <1>: objcopy. (line 303) +* --enable-deterministic-archives <2>: ranlib. (line 44) +* --enable-deterministic-archives <3>: ar cmdline. (line 151) +* --enable-deterministic-archives <4>: strip. (line 115) +* --enable-deterministic-archives <5>: ar cmdline. (line 224) +* --enable-deterministic-archives: objcopy. (line 293) +* .stab: objdump. (line 420) +* Add prefix to absolute paths: objdump. (line 363) +* addr2line: addr2line. (line 6) +* address to file name and line number: addr2line. (line 6) +* all header information, object file: objdump. (line 538) +* ar: ar. (line 6) +* ar compatibility: ar. (line 61) +* architecture: objdump. (line 197) +* architectures available: objdump. (line 182) +* archive contents: ranlib. (line 6) +* Archive file symbol index information: readelf. (line 155) +* archive headers: objdump. (line 67) +* archives: ar. (line 6) +* base files: dlltool. (line 124) +* bug criteria: Bug Criteria. (line 6) +* bug reports: Bug Reporting. (line 6) +* bugs: Reporting Bugs. (line 6) +* bugs, reporting: Bug Reporting. (line 6) +* c++filt: c++filt. (line 6) +* changing object addresses: objcopy. (line 338) +* changing section address: objcopy. (line 348) +* changing section LMA: objcopy. (line 357) +* changing section VMA: objcopy. (line 370) +* changing start address: objcopy. (line 333) +* collections of files: ar. (line 6) +* compatibility, ar: ar. (line 61) +* contents of archive: ar cmdline. (line 97) +* crash: Bug Criteria. (line 9) +* creating archives: ar cmdline. (line 145) +* creating thin archive: ar cmdline. (line 210) +* cxxfilt: c++filt. (line 14) +* dates in archive: ar cmdline. (line 184) +* debug symbols: objdump. (line 420) +* debugging symbols: nm. (line 147) +* deleting from archive: ar cmdline. (line 26) +* demangling C++ symbols: c++filt. (line 6) +* demangling in nm: nm. (line 155) +* demangling in objdump <1>: objdump. (line 95) +* demangling in objdump: addr2line. (line 84) +* deterministic archives <1>: ranlib. (line 32) +* deterministic archives <2>: objcopy. (line 293) +* deterministic archives <3>: ar cmdline. (line 224) +* deterministic archives <4>: strip. (line 105) +* deterministic archives <5>: ar cmdline. (line 151) +* deterministic archives <6>: ranlib. (line 44) +* deterministic archives: objcopy. (line 303) +* disassembling object code: objdump. (line 117) +* disassembly architecture: objdump. (line 197) +* disassembly endianness: objdump. (line 137) +* disassembly, with source: objdump. (line 359) +* discarding symbols: strip. (line 6) +* DLL: dlltool. (line 6) +* dlltool: dlltool. (line 6) +* DWARF: objdump. (line 385) +* dynamic relocation entries, in object file: objdump. (line 347) +* dynamic symbol table entries, printing: objdump. (line 522) +* dynamic symbols: nm. (line 167) +* ELF dynamic section information: readelf. (line 113) +* ELF dynamic symbol table information: readelf. (line 88) +* ELF file header information: readelf. (line 57) +* ELF file information: readelf. (line 6) +* ELF notes: readelf. (line 97) +* ELF object file format: objdump. (line 420) +* ELF program header information: readelf. (line 63) +* ELF reloc information: readelf. (line 101) +* ELF section group information: readelf. (line 74) +* ELF section information: readelf. (line 79) +* ELF segment information: readelf. (line 63) +* ELF symbol table information: readelf. (line 84) +* ELF version sections information: readelf. (line 117) +* elfedit: elfedit. (line 6) +* endianness: objdump. (line 137) +* error on valid input: Bug Criteria. (line 12) +* external symbols: nm. (line 179) +* extract from archive: ar cmdline. (line 112) +* fatal signal: Bug Criteria. (line 9) +* file name: nm. (line 141) +* header information, all: objdump. (line 538) +* input .def file: dlltool. (line 120) +* input file name: nm. (line 141) +* Instruction width: objdump. (line 380) +* libraries: ar. (line 25) +* listings strings: strings. (line 6) +* load plugin: nm. (line 252) +* machine instructions: objdump. (line 117) +* moving in archive: ar cmdline. (line 34) +* MRI compatibility, ar: ar scripts. (line 8) +* name duplication in archive: ar cmdline. (line 106) +* name length: ar. (line 18) +* nm: nm. (line 6) +* nm compatibility: nm. (line 173) +* nm format: nm. (line 173) +* not writing archive index: ar cmdline. (line 203) +* objdump: objdump. (line 6) +* object code format <1>: strings. (line 93) +* object code format <2>: nm. (line 278) +* object code format <3>: addr2line. (line 79) +* object code format <4>: objdump. (line 81) +* object code format: size. (line 84) +* object file header: objdump. (line 143) +* object file information: objdump. (line 6) +* object file offsets: objdump. (line 148) +* object file sections: objdump. (line 354) +* object formats available: objdump. (line 182) +* operations on archive: ar cmdline. (line 22) +* printing from archive: ar cmdline. (line 46) +* printing strings: strings. (line 6) +* quick append to archive: ar cmdline. (line 54) +* radix for section sizes: size. (line 66) +* ranlib <1>: ranlib. (line 6) +* ranlib: ar cmdline. (line 91) +* readelf: readelf. (line 6) +* relative placement in archive: ar cmdline. (line 133) +* relocation entries, in object file: objdump. (line 341) +* removing symbols: strip. (line 6) +* repeated names in archive: ar cmdline. (line 106) +* replacement in archive: ar cmdline. (line 73) +* reporting bugs: Reporting Bugs. (line 6) +* scripts, ar: ar scripts. (line 8) +* section addresses in objdump: objdump. (line 73) +* section headers: objdump. (line 164) +* section information: objdump. (line 187) +* section sizes: size. (line 6) +* sections, full contents: objdump. (line 354) +* size: size. (line 6) +* size display format: size. (line 27) +* size number format: size. (line 66) +* sorting symbols: nm. (line 202) +* source code context: objdump. (line 157) +* source disassembly: objdump. (line 359) +* source file name: nm. (line 141) +* source filenames for object files: objdump. (line 191) +* stab: objdump. (line 420) +* start-address: objdump. (line 429) +* stop-address: objdump. (line 433) +* strings: strings. (line 6) +* strings, printing: strings. (line 6) +* strip: strip. (line 6) +* Strip absolute paths: objdump. (line 366) +* symbol index <1>: ar. (line 28) +* symbol index: ranlib. (line 6) +* symbol index, listing: nm. (line 224) +* symbol line numbers: nm. (line 187) +* symbol table entries, printing: objdump. (line 438) +* symbols: nm. (line 6) +* symbols, discarding: strip. (line 6) +* thin archives: ar. (line 40) +* undefined symbols: nm. (line 235) +* Unix compatibility, ar: ar cmdline. (line 8) +* unwind information: readelf. (line 106) +* Update ELF header: elfedit. (line 6) +* updating an archive: ar cmdline. (line 215) +* version: Top. (line 6) +* VMA in objdump: objdump. (line 73) +* wide output, printing: objdump. (line 544) +* writing archive index: ar cmdline. (line 197) + + + +Tag Table: +Node: Top1896 +Node: ar3606 +Node: ar cmdline6832 +Node: ar scripts17174 +Node: nm22862 +Node: objcopy32756 +Node: objdump65189 +Node: ranlib87468 +Node: size89073 +Node: strings92077 +Node: strip96157 +Node: c++filt103389 +Ref: c++filt-Footnote-1108230 +Node: addr2line108336 +Node: nlmconv112907 +Node: windmc115512 +Node: windres119161 +Node: dlltool125522 +Node: def file format138402 +Node: readelf140941 +Node: elfedit148496 +Node: Common Options150750 +Node: Selecting the Target System151790 +Node: Target Selection152722 +Node: Architecture Selection154704 +Node: Reporting Bugs155532 +Node: Bug Criteria156311 +Node: Bug Reporting156864 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License163734 +Node: Binutils Index188913 + +End Tag Table diff --git a/binutils/doc/cxxfilt.man b/binutils/doc/cxxfilt.man new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a1466d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/cxxfilt.man @@ -0,0 +1,345 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "C++FILT 1" +.TH C++FILT 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +cxxfilt \- Demangle C++ and Java symbols. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +c++filt [\fB\-_\fR|\fB\-\-strip\-underscore\fR] + [\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-\-no\-strip\-underscore\fR] + [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-no\-params\fR] + [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-types\fR] + [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-no\-verbose\fR] + [\fB\-s\fR \fIformat\fR|\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIformat\fR] + [\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-\-version\fR] [\fIsymbol\fR...] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +The \*(C+ and Java languages provide function overloading, which means +that you can write many functions with the same name, providing that +each function takes parameters of different types. In order to be +able to distinguish these similarly named functions \*(C+ and Java +encode them into a low-level assembler name which uniquely identifies +each different version. This process is known as \fImangling\fR. The +\&\fBc++filt\fR +[1] +program does the inverse mapping: it decodes (\fIdemangles\fR) low-level +names into user-level names so that they can be read. +.PP +Every alphanumeric word (consisting of letters, digits, underscores, +dollars, or periods) seen in the input is a potential mangled name. +If the name decodes into a \*(C+ name, the \*(C+ name replaces the +low-level name in the output, otherwise the original word is output. +In this way you can pass an entire assembler source file, containing +mangled names, through \fBc++filt\fR and see the same source file +containing demangled names. +.PP +You can also use \fBc++filt\fR to decipher individual symbols by +passing them on the command line: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& c++filt <symbol> +.Ve +.PP +If no \fIsymbol\fR arguments are given, \fBc++filt\fR reads symbol +names from the standard input instead. All the results are printed on +the standard output. The difference between reading names from the +command line versus reading names from the standard input is that +command line arguments are expected to be just mangled names and no +checking is performed to separate them from surrounding text. Thus +for example: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& c++filt \-n _Z1fv +.Ve +.PP +will work and demangle the name to \*(L"f()\*(R" whereas: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& c++filt \-n _Z1fv, +.Ve +.PP +will not work. (Note the extra comma at the end of the mangled +name which makes it invalid). This command however will work: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& echo _Z1fv, | c++filt \-n +.Ve +.PP +and will display \*(L"f(),\*(R", i.e., the demangled name followed by a +trailing comma. This behaviour is because when the names are read +from the standard input it is expected that they might be part of an +assembler source file where there might be extra, extraneous +characters trailing after a mangled name. For example: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& .type _Z1fv, @function +.Ve +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-_\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-_" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-underscore\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-underscore" +.PD +On some systems, both the C and \*(C+ compilers put an underscore in front +of every name. For example, the C name \f(CW\*(C`foo\*(C'\fR gets the low-level +name \f(CW\*(C`_foo\*(C'\fR. This option removes the initial underscore. Whether +\&\fBc++filt\fR removes the underscore by default is target dependent. +.IP "\fB\-n\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-n" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-strip\-underscore\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-strip-underscore" +.PD +Do not remove the initial underscore. +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-params\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-params" +.PD +When demangling the name of a function, do not display the types of +the function's parameters. +.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-types\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--types" +.PD +Attempt to demangle types as well as function names. This is disabled +by default since mangled types are normally only used internally in +the compiler, and they can be confused with non-mangled names. For example, +a function called \*(L"a\*(R" treated as a mangled type name would be +demangled to \*(L"signed char\*(R". +.IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-i" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-verbose\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-verbose" +.PD +Do not include implementation details (if any) in the demangled +output. +.IP "\fB\-s\fR \fIformat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-s format" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIformat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--format=format" +.PD +\&\fBc++filt\fR can decode various methods of mangling, used by +different compilers. The argument to this option selects which +method it uses: +.RS 4 +.ie n .IP """auto""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWauto\fR" 4 +.IX Item "auto" +Automatic selection based on executable (the default method) +.ie n .IP """gnu""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWgnu\fR" 4 +.IX Item "gnu" +the one used by the \s-1GNU \*(C+\s0 compiler (g++) +.ie n .IP """lucid""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWlucid\fR" 4 +.IX Item "lucid" +the one used by the Lucid compiler (lcc) +.ie n .IP """arm""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWarm\fR" 4 +.IX Item "arm" +the one specified by the \*(C+ Annotated Reference Manual +.ie n .IP """hp""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWhp\fR" 4 +.IX Item "hp" +the one used by the \s-1HP\s0 compiler (aCC) +.ie n .IP """edg""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWedg\fR" 4 +.IX Item "edg" +the one used by the \s-1EDG\s0 compiler +.ie n .IP """gnu\-v3""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWgnu\-v3\fR" 4 +.IX Item "gnu-v3" +the one used by the \s-1GNU \*(C+\s0 compiler (g++) with the V3 \s-1ABI.\s0 +.ie n .IP """java""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWjava\fR" 4 +.IX Item "java" +the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 Java compiler (gcj) +.ie n .IP """gnat""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWgnat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "gnat" +the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 Ada compiler (\s-1GNAT\s0). +.RE +.RS 4 +.RE +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +Print a summary of the options to \fBc++filt\fR and exit. +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +Print the version number of \fBc++filt\fR and exit. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "FOOTNOTES" +.IX Header "FOOTNOTES" +.IP "1." 4 +MS-DOS does not allow \f(CW\*(C`+\*(C'\fR characters in file names, so on +MS-DOS this program is named \fB\s-1CXXFILT\s0\fR. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/dlltool.1 b/binutils/doc/dlltool.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2b9a55a --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/dlltool.1 @@ -0,0 +1,538 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "DLLTOOL 1" +.TH DLLTOOL 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +dlltool \- Create files needed to build and use DLLs. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +dlltool [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-input\-def\fR \fIdef-file-name\fR] + [\fB\-b\fR|\fB\-\-base\-file\fR \fIbase-file-name\fR] + [\fB\-e\fR|\fB\-\-output\-exp\fR \fIexports-file-name\fR] + [\fB\-z\fR|\fB\-\-output\-def\fR \fIdef-file-name\fR] + [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-output\-lib\fR \fIlibrary-file-name\fR] + [\fB\-y\fR|\fB\-\-output\-delaylib\fR \fIlibrary-file-name\fR] + [\fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR] [\fB\-\-no\-export\-all\-symbols\fR] + [\fB\-\-exclude\-symbols\fR \fIlist\fR] + [\fB\-\-no\-default\-excludes\fR] + [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-as\fR \fIpath-to-assembler\fR] [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-as\-flags\fR \fIoptions\fR] + [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-dllname\fR \fIname\fR] [\fB\-m\fR|\fB\-\-machine\fR \fImachine\fR] + [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-add\-indirect\fR] + [\fB\-U\fR|\fB\-\-add\-underscore\fR] [\fB\-\-add\-stdcall\-underscore\fR] + [\fB\-k\fR|\fB\-\-kill\-at\fR] [\fB\-A\fR|\fB\-\-add\-stdcall\-alias\fR] + [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-ext\-prefix\-alias\fR \fIprefix\fR] + [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-no\-idata4\fR] [\fB\-c\fR|\fB\-\-no\-idata5\fR] + [\fB\-\-use\-nul\-prefixed\-import\-tables\fR] + [\fB\-I\fR|\fB\-\-identify\fR \fIlibrary-file-name\fR] [\fB\-\-identify\-strict\fR] + [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-interwork\fR] + [\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-\-nodelete\fR] [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-temp\-prefix\fR \fIprefix\fR] + [\fB\-v\fR|\fB\-\-verbose\fR] + [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [\fB\-\-no\-leading\-underscore\fR] [\fB\-\-leading\-underscore\fR] + [object\-file ...] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBdlltool\fR reads its inputs, which can come from the \fB\-d\fR and +\&\fB\-b\fR options as well as object files specified on the command +line. It then processes these inputs and if the \fB\-e\fR option has +been specified it creates a exports file. If the \fB\-l\fR option +has been specified it creates a library file and if the \fB\-z\fR option +has been specified it creates a def file. Any or all of the \fB\-e\fR, +\&\fB\-l\fR and \fB\-z\fR options can be present in one invocation of +dlltool. +.PP +When creating a \s-1DLL,\s0 along with the source for the \s-1DLL,\s0 it is necessary +to have three other files. \fBdlltool\fR can help with the creation of +these files. +.PP +The first file is a \fI.def\fR file which specifies which functions are +exported from the \s-1DLL,\s0 which functions the \s-1DLL\s0 imports, and so on. This +is a text file and can be created by hand, or \fBdlltool\fR can be used +to create it using the \fB\-z\fR option. In this case \fBdlltool\fR +will scan the object files specified on its command line looking for +those functions which have been specially marked as being exported and +put entries for them in the \fI.def\fR file it creates. +.PP +In order to mark a function as being exported from a \s-1DLL,\s0 it needs to +have an \fB\-export:<name_of_function>\fR entry in the \fB.drectve\fR +section of the object file. This can be done in C by using the +\&\fIasm()\fR operator: +.PP +.Vb 2 +\& asm (".section .drectve"); +\& asm (".ascii \e"\-export:my_func\e""); +\& +\& int my_func (void) { ... } +.Ve +.PP +The second file needed for \s-1DLL\s0 creation is an exports file. This file +is linked with the object files that make up the body of the \s-1DLL\s0 and it +handles the interface between the \s-1DLL\s0 and the outside world. This is a +binary file and it can be created by giving the \fB\-e\fR option to +\&\fBdlltool\fR when it is creating or reading in a \fI.def\fR file. +.PP +The third file needed for \s-1DLL\s0 creation is the library file that programs +will link with in order to access the functions in the \s-1DLL \s0(an `import +library'). This file can be created by giving the \fB\-l\fR option to +dlltool when it is creating or reading in a \fI.def\fR file. +.PP +If the \fB\-y\fR option is specified, dlltool generates a delay-import +library that can be used instead of the normal import library to allow +a program to link to the dll only as soon as an imported function is +called for the first time. The resulting executable will need to be +linked to the static delayimp library containing _\|\fI_delayLoadHelper2()\fR, +which in turn will import LoadLibraryA and GetProcAddress from kernel32. +.PP +\&\fBdlltool\fR builds the library file by hand, but it builds the +exports file by creating temporary files containing assembler statements +and then assembling these. The \fB\-S\fR command line option can be +used to specify the path to the assembler that dlltool will use, +and the \fB\-f\fR option can be used to pass specific flags to that +assembler. The \fB\-n\fR can be used to prevent dlltool from deleting +these temporary assembler files when it is done, and if \fB\-n\fR is +specified twice then this will prevent dlltool from deleting the +temporary object files it used to build the library. +.PP +Here is an example of creating a \s-1DLL\s0 from a source file \fBdll.c\fR and +also creating a program (from an object file called \fBprogram.o\fR) +that uses that \s-1DLL:\s0 +.PP +.Vb 4 +\& gcc \-c dll.c +\& dlltool \-e exports.o \-l dll.lib dll.o +\& gcc dll.o exports.o \-o dll.dll +\& gcc program.o dll.lib \-o program +.Ve +.PP +\&\fBdlltool\fR may also be used to query an existing import library +to determine the name of the \s-1DLL\s0 to which it is associated. See the +description of the \fB\-I\fR or \fB\-\-identify\fR option. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +The command line options have the following meanings: +.IP "\fB\-d\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-input\-def\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input-def filename" +.PD +Specifies the name of a \fI.def\fR file to be read in and processed. +.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-b filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-base\-file\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--base-file filename" +.PD +Specifies the name of a base file to be read in and processed. The +contents of this file will be added to the relocation section in the +exports file generated by dlltool. +.IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-e filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-exp\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-exp filename" +.PD +Specifies the name of the export file to be created by dlltool. +.IP "\fB\-z\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-z filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-def\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-def filename" +.PD +Specifies the name of the \fI.def\fR file to be created by dlltool. +.IP "\fB\-l\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-l filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-lib\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-lib filename" +.PD +Specifies the name of the library file to be created by dlltool. +.IP "\fB\-y\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-y filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-delaylib\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-delaylib filename" +.PD +Specifies the name of the delay-import library file to be created by dlltool. +.IP "\fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--export-all-symbols" +Treat all global and weak defined symbols found in the input object +files as symbols to be exported. There is a small list of symbols which +are not exported by default; see the \fB\-\-no\-default\-excludes\fR +option. You may add to the list of symbols to not export by using the +\&\fB\-\-exclude\-symbols\fR option. +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-export\-all\-symbols\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-export-all-symbols" +Only export symbols explicitly listed in an input \fI.def\fR file or in +\&\fB.drectve\fR sections in the input object files. This is the default +behaviour. The \fB.drectve\fR sections are created by \fBdllexport\fR +attributes in the source code. +.IP "\fB\-\-exclude\-symbols\fR \fIlist\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--exclude-symbols list" +Do not export the symbols in \fIlist\fR. This is a list of symbol names +separated by comma or colon characters. The symbol names should not +contain a leading underscore. This is only meaningful when +\&\fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR is used. +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-default\-excludes\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-default-excludes" +When \fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR is used, it will by default avoid +exporting certain special symbols. The current list of symbols to avoid +exporting is \fBDllMain@12\fR, \fBDllEntryPoint@0\fR, +\&\fBimpure_ptr\fR. You may use the \fB\-\-no\-default\-excludes\fR option +to go ahead and export these special symbols. This is only meaningful +when \fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR is used. +.IP "\fB\-S\fR \fIpath\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-S path" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-as\fR \fIpath\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--as path" +.PD +Specifies the path, including the filename, of the assembler to be used +to create the exports file. +.IP "\fB\-f\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-f options" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-as\-flags\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--as-flags options" +.PD +Specifies any specific command line options to be passed to the +assembler when building the exports file. This option will work even if +the \fB\-S\fR option is not used. This option only takes one argument, +and if it occurs more than once on the command line, then later +occurrences will override earlier occurrences. So if it is necessary to +pass multiple options to the assembler they should be enclosed in +double quotes. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR \fIname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D name" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-dll\-name\fR \fIname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dll-name name" +.PD +Specifies the name to be stored in the \fI.def\fR file as the name of +the \s-1DLL\s0 when the \fB\-e\fR option is used. If this option is not +present, then the filename given to the \fB\-e\fR option will be +used as the name of the \s-1DLL.\s0 +.IP "\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-m machine" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-machine\fR \fImachine\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-machine machine" +.PD +Specifies the type of machine for which the library file should be +built. \fBdlltool\fR has a built in default type, depending upon how +it was created, but this option can be used to override that. This is +normally only useful when creating DLLs for an \s-1ARM\s0 processor, when the +contents of the \s-1DLL\s0 are actually encode using Thumb instructions. +.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-a" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-add\-indirect\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--add-indirect" +.PD +Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it +should add a section which allows the exported functions to be +referenced without using the import library. Whatever the hell that +means! +.IP "\fB\-U\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-U" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-add\-underscore\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--add-underscore" +.PD +Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it +should prepend an underscore to the names of \fIall\fR exported symbols. +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-leading\-underscore\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-leading-underscore" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-leading\-underscore\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--leading-underscore" +.PD +Specifies whether standard symbol should be forced to be prefixed, or +not. +.IP "\fB\-\-add\-stdcall\-underscore\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--add-stdcall-underscore" +Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it +should prepend an underscore to the names of exported \fIstdcall\fR +functions. Variable names and non-stdcall function names are not modified. +This option is useful when creating GNU-compatible import libs for third +party DLLs that were built with MS-Windows tools. +.IP "\fB\-k\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-k" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-kill\-at\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--kill-at" +.PD +Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it +should not append the string \fB@ <number>\fR. These numbers are +called ordinal numbers and they represent another way of accessing the +function in a \s-1DLL,\s0 other than by name. +.IP "\fB\-A\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-A" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-add\-stdcall\-alias\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--add-stdcall-alias" +.PD +Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it +should add aliases for stdcall symbols without \fB@ <number>\fR +in addition to the symbols with \fB@ <number>\fR. +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-ext\-prefix\-alias\fR \fIprefix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--ext-prefix-alias prefix" +.PD +Causes \fBdlltool\fR to create external aliases for all \s-1DLL\s0 +imports with the specified prefix. The aliases are created for both +external and import symbols with no leading underscore. +.IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-x" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-idata4\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-idata4" +.PD +Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports and library +files it should omit the \f(CW\*(C`.idata4\*(C'\fR section. This is for compatibility +with certain operating systems. +.IP "\fB\-\-use\-nul\-prefixed\-import\-tables\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--use-nul-prefixed-import-tables" +Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports and library +files it should prefix the \f(CW\*(C`.idata4\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`.idata5\*(C'\fR by zero an +element. This emulates old gnu import library generation of +\&\f(CW\*(C`dlltool\*(C'\fR. By default this option is turned off. +.IP "\fB\-c\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-c" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-idata5\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-idata5" +.PD +Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports and library +files it should omit the \f(CW\*(C`.idata5\*(C'\fR section. This is for compatibility +with certain operating systems. +.IP "\fB\-I\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-I filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-identify\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--identify filename" +.PD +Specifies that \fBdlltool\fR should inspect the import library +indicated by \fIfilename\fR and report, on \f(CW\*(C`stdout\*(C'\fR, the name(s) +of the associated \s-1DLL\s0(s). This can be performed in addition to any +other operations indicated by the other options and arguments. +\&\fBdlltool\fR fails if the import library does not exist or is not +actually an import library. See also \fB\-\-identify\-strict\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-identify\-strict\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--identify-strict" +Modifies the behavior of the \fB\-\-identify\fR option, such +that an error is reported if \fIfilename\fR is associated with +more than one \s-1DLL.\s0 +.IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-i" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-interwork\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--interwork" +.PD +Specifies that \fBdlltool\fR should mark the objects in the library +file and exports file that it produces as supporting interworking +between \s-1ARM\s0 and Thumb code. +.IP "\fB\-n\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-n" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-nodelete\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--nodelete" +.PD +Makes \fBdlltool\fR preserve the temporary assembler files it used to +create the exports file. If this option is repeated then dlltool will +also preserve the temporary object files it uses to create the library +file. +.IP "\fB\-t\fR \fIprefix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t prefix" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-temp\-prefix\fR \fIprefix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--temp-prefix prefix" +.PD +Makes \fBdlltool\fR use \fIprefix\fR when constructing the names of +temporary assembler and object files. By default, the temp file prefix +is generated from the pid. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-verbose\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--verbose" +.PD +Make dlltool describe what it is doing. +.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Displays a list of command line options and then exits. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Displays dlltool's version number and then exits. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +The Info pages for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/elfedit.1 b/binutils/doc/elfedit.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c51e8a --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/elfedit.1 @@ -0,0 +1,242 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "ELFEDIT 1" +.TH ELFEDIT 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +elfedit \- Update the ELF header of ELF files. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +elfedit [\fB\-\-input\-mach=\fR\fImachine\fR] + [\fB\-\-input\-type=\fR\fItype\fR] + [\fB\-\-input\-osabi=\fR\fIosabi\fR] + \fB\-\-output\-mach=\fR\fImachine\fR + \fB\-\-output\-type=\fR\fItype\fR + \fB\-\-output\-osabi=\fR\fIosabi\fR + [\fB\-v\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] + \fIelffile\fR... +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBelfedit\fR updates the \s-1ELF\s0 header of \s-1ELF\s0 files which have +the matching \s-1ELF\s0 machine and file types. The options control how and +which fields in the \s-1ELF\s0 header should be updated. +.PP +\&\fIelffile\fR... are the \s-1ELF\s0 files to be updated. 32\-bit and +64\-bit \s-1ELF\s0 files are supported, as are archives containing \s-1ELF\s0 files. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. At least one of the \fB\-\-output\-mach\fR, +\&\fB\-\-output\-type\fR and \fB\-\-output\-osabi\fR options must be given. +.IP "\fB\-\-input\-mach=\fR\fImachine\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input-mach=machine" +Set the matching input \s-1ELF\s0 machine type to \fImachine\fR. If +\&\fB\-\-input\-mach\fR isn't specified, it will match any \s-1ELF\s0 +machine types. +.Sp +The supported \s-1ELF\s0 machine types are, \fIL1OM\fR, \fIK1OM\fR and +\&\fIx86\-64\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-mach=\fR\fImachine\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-mach=machine" +Change the \s-1ELF\s0 machine type in the \s-1ELF\s0 header to \fImachine\fR. The +supported \s-1ELF\s0 machine types are the same as \fB\-\-input\-mach\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-input\-type=\fR\fItype\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input-type=type" +Set the matching input \s-1ELF\s0 file type to \fItype\fR. If +\&\fB\-\-input\-type\fR isn't specified, it will match any \s-1ELF\s0 file types. +.Sp +The supported \s-1ELF\s0 file types are, \fIrel\fR, \fIexec\fR and \fIdyn\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-type=\fR\fItype\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-type=type" +Change the \s-1ELF\s0 file type in the \s-1ELF\s0 header to \fItype\fR. The +supported \s-1ELF\s0 types are the same as \fB\-\-input\-type\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-input\-osabi=\fR\fIosabi\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input-osabi=osabi" +Set the matching input \s-1ELF\s0 file \s-1OSABI\s0 to \fIosabi\fR. If +\&\fB\-\-input\-osabi\fR isn't specified, it will match any \s-1ELF\s0 OSABIs. +.Sp +The supported \s-1ELF\s0 OSABIs are, \fInone\fR, \fI\s-1HPUX\s0\fR, \fINetBSD\fR, +\&\fI\s-1GNU\s0\fR, \fILinux\fR (alias for \fI\s-1GNU\s0\fR), +\&\fISolaris\fR, \fI\s-1AIX\s0\fR, \fIIrix\fR, +\&\fIFreeBSD\fR, \fI\s-1TRU64\s0\fR, \fIModesto\fR, \fIOpenBSD\fR, \fIOpenVMS\fR, +\&\fI\s-1NSK\s0\fR, \fI\s-1AROS\s0\fR and \fIFenixOS\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-osabi=\fR\fIosabi\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-osabi=osabi" +Change the \s-1ELF OSABI\s0 in the \s-1ELF\s0 header to \fIosabi\fR. The +supported \s-1ELF OSABI\s0 are the same as \fB\-\-input\-osabi\fR. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Display the version number of \fBelfedit\fR. +.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Display the command line options understood by \fBelfedit\fR. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fIreadelf\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/nlmconv.1 b/binutils/doc/nlmconv.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5465ff8 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/nlmconv.1 @@ -0,0 +1,251 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "NLMCONV 1" +.TH NLMCONV 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +nlmconv \- converts object code into an NLM. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +nlmconv [\fB\-I\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-input\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-O\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-output\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-T\fR \fIheaderfile\fR|\fB\-\-header\-file=\fR\fIheaderfile\fR] + [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-debug\fR] [\fB\-l\fR \fIlinker\fR|\fB\-\-linker=\fR\fIlinker\fR] + [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + \fIinfile\fR \fIoutfile\fR +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBnlmconv\fR converts the relocatable \fBi386\fR object file +\&\fIinfile\fR into the NetWare Loadable Module \fIoutfile\fR, optionally +reading \fIheaderfile\fR for \s-1NLM\s0 header information. For instructions +on writing the \s-1NLM\s0 command file language used in header files, see the +\&\fBlinkers\fR section, \fB\s-1NLMLINK\s0\fR in particular, of the \fI\s-1NLM\s0 +Development and Tools Overview\fR, which is part of the \s-1NLM\s0 Software +Developer's Kit (\*(L"\s-1NLM SDK\*(R"\s0), available from Novell, Inc. +\&\fBnlmconv\fR uses the \s-1GNU\s0 Binary File Descriptor library to read +\&\fIinfile\fR; +.PP +\&\fBnlmconv\fR can perform a link step. In other words, you can list +more than one object file for input if you list them in the definitions +file (rather than simply specifying one input file on the command line). +In this case, \fBnlmconv\fR calls the linker for you. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-I\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-I bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-input\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input-target=bfdname" +.PD +Object format of the input file. \fBnlmconv\fR can usually determine +the format of a given file (so no default is necessary). +.IP "\fB\-O\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-O bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-target=bfdname" +.PD +Object format of the output file. \fBnlmconv\fR infers the output +format based on the input format, e.g. for a \fBi386\fR input file the +output format is \fBnlm32\-i386\fR. +.IP "\fB\-T\fR \fIheaderfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-T headerfile" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-header\-file=\fR\fIheaderfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--header-file=headerfile" +.PD +Reads \fIheaderfile\fR for \s-1NLM\s0 header information. For instructions on +writing the \s-1NLM\s0 command file language used in header files, see see the +\&\fBlinkers\fR section, of the \fI\s-1NLM\s0 Development and Tools +Overview\fR, which is part of the \s-1NLM\s0 Software Developer's Kit, available +from Novell, Inc. +.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-debug\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--debug" +.PD +Displays (on standard error) the linker command line used by \fBnlmconv\fR. +.IP "\fB\-l\fR \fIlinker\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-l linker" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-linker=\fR\fIlinker\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--linker=linker" +.PD +Use \fIlinker\fR for any linking. \fIlinker\fR can be an absolute or a +relative pathname. +.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Prints a usage summary. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Prints the version number for \fBnlmconv\fR. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/nm.1 b/binutils/doc/nm.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3c338cb --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/nm.1 @@ -0,0 +1,539 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "NM 1" +.TH NM 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +nm \- list symbols from object files +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +nm [\fB\-A\fR|\fB\-o\fR|\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fR] [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-debug\-syms\fR] + [\fB\-B\fR|\fB\-\-format=bsd\fR] [\fB\-C\fR|\fB\-\-demangle\fR[=\fIstyle\fR]] + [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\fR] [\fB\-f\fR\fIformat\fR|\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIformat\fR] + [\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-\-extern\-only\fR] [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] + [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR] [\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-v\fR|\fB\-\-numeric\-sort\fR] + [\fB\-P\fR|\fB\-\-portability\fR] [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-no\-sort\fR] + [\fB\-r\fR|\fB\-\-reverse\-sort\fR] [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-print\-size\fR] + [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-print\-armap\fR] [\fB\-t\fR \fIradix\fR|\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fIradix\fR] + [\fB\-u\fR|\fB\-\-undefined\-only\fR] [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [\fB\-X 32_64\fR] [\fB\-\-defined\-only\fR] [\fB\-\-no\-demangle\fR] + [\fB\-\-plugin\fR \fIname\fR] [\fB\-\-size\-sort\fR] [\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR] + [\fB\-\-synthetic\fR] [\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fIobjfile\fR...] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\s-1GNU \s0\fBnm\fR lists the symbols from object files \fIobjfile\fR.... +If no object files are listed as arguments, \fBnm\fR assumes the file +\&\fIa.out\fR. +.PP +For each symbol, \fBnm\fR shows: +.IP "\(bu" 4 +The symbol value, in the radix selected by options (see below), or +hexadecimal by default. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +The symbol type. At least the following types are used; others are, as +well, depending on the object file format. If lowercase, the symbol is +usually local; if uppercase, the symbol is global (external). There +are however a few lowercase symbols that are shown for special global +symbols (\f(CW\*(C`u\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`v\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`w\*(C'\fR). +.RS 4 +.ie n .IP """A""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWA\fR" 4 +.IX Item "A" +The symbol's value is absolute, and will not be changed by further +linking. +.ie n .IP """B""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWB\fR" 4 +.IX Item "B" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """b""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWb\fR" 4 +.IX Item "b" +.PD +The symbol is in the uninitialized data section (known as \s-1BSS\s0). +.ie n .IP """C""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWC\fR" 4 +.IX Item "C" +The symbol is common. Common symbols are uninitialized data. When +linking, multiple common symbols may appear with the same name. If the +symbol is defined anywhere, the common symbols are treated as undefined +references. +.ie n .IP """D""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWD\fR" 4 +.IX Item "D" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """d""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWd\fR" 4 +.IX Item "d" +.PD +The symbol is in the initialized data section. +.ie n .IP """G""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWG\fR" 4 +.IX Item "G" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """g""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWg\fR" 4 +.IX Item "g" +.PD +The symbol is in an initialized data section for small objects. Some +object file formats permit more efficient access to small data objects, +such as a global int variable as opposed to a large global array. +.ie n .IP """i""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWi\fR" 4 +.IX Item "i" +For \s-1PE\s0 format files this indicates that the symbol is in a section +specific to the implementation of DLLs. For \s-1ELF\s0 format files this +indicates that the symbol is an indirect function. This is a \s-1GNU\s0 +extension to the standard set of \s-1ELF\s0 symbol types. It indicates a +symbol which if referenced by a relocation does not evaluate to its +address, but instead must be invoked at runtime. The runtime +execution will then return the value to be used in the relocation. +.ie n .IP """I""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWI\fR" 4 +.IX Item "I" +The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol. +.ie n .IP """N""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWN\fR" 4 +.IX Item "N" +The symbol is a debugging symbol. +.ie n .IP """p""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWp\fR" 4 +.IX Item "p" +The symbols is in a stack unwind section. +.ie n .IP """R""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWR\fR" 4 +.IX Item "R" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """r""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWr\fR" 4 +.IX Item "r" +.PD +The symbol is in a read only data section. +.ie n .IP """S""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWS\fR" 4 +.IX Item "S" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """s""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWs\fR" 4 +.IX Item "s" +.PD +The symbol is in an uninitialized data section for small objects. +.ie n .IP """T""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWT\fR" 4 +.IX Item "T" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """t""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWt\fR" 4 +.IX Item "t" +.PD +The symbol is in the text (code) section. +.ie n .IP """U""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWU\fR" 4 +.IX Item "U" +The symbol is undefined. +.ie n .IP """u""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWu\fR" 4 +.IX Item "u" +The symbol is a unique global symbol. This is a \s-1GNU\s0 extension to the +standard set of \s-1ELF\s0 symbol bindings. For such a symbol the dynamic linker +will make sure that in the entire process there is just one symbol with +this name and type in use. +.ie n .IP """V""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWV\fR" 4 +.IX Item "V" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """v""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWv\fR" 4 +.IX Item "v" +.PD +The symbol is a weak object. When a weak defined symbol is linked with +a normal defined symbol, the normal defined symbol is used with no error. +When a weak undefined symbol is linked and the symbol is not defined, +the value of the weak symbol becomes zero with no error. On some +systems, uppercase indicates that a default value has been specified. +.ie n .IP """W""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWW\fR" 4 +.IX Item "W" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """w""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWw\fR" 4 +.IX Item "w" +.PD +The symbol is a weak symbol that has not been specifically tagged as a +weak object symbol. When a weak defined symbol is linked with a normal +defined symbol, the normal defined symbol is used with no error. +When a weak undefined symbol is linked and the symbol is not defined, +the value of the symbol is determined in a system-specific manner without +error. On some systems, uppercase indicates that a default value has been +specified. +.ie n .IP """\-""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CW\-\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-" +The symbol is a stabs symbol in an a.out object file. In this case, the +next values printed are the stabs other field, the stabs desc field, and +the stab type. Stabs symbols are used to hold debugging information. +.ie n .IP """?""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CW?\fR" 4 +.IX Item "?" +The symbol type is unknown, or object file format specific. +.RE +.RS 4 +.RE +.IP "\(bu" 4 +The symbol name. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. +.IP "\fB\-A\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-A" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-o\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-o" +.IP "\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--print-file-name" +.PD +Precede each symbol by the name of the input file (or archive member) +in which it was found, rather than identifying the input file once only, +before all of its symbols. +.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-a" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-debug\-syms\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--debug-syms" +.PD +Display all symbols, even debugger-only symbols; normally these are not +listed. +.IP "\fB\-B\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-B" +The same as \fB\-\-format=bsd\fR (for compatibility with the \s-1MIPS \s0\fBnm\fR). +.IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-C" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-demangle[=\fR\fIstyle\fR\fB]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--demangle[=style]" +.PD +Decode (\fIdemangle\fR) low-level symbol names into user-level names. +Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this +makes \*(C+ function names readable. Different compilers have different +mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to +choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-demangle\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-demangle" +Do not demangle low-level symbol names. This is the default. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dynamic" +.PD +Display the dynamic symbols rather than the normal symbols. This is +only meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared +libraries. +.IP "\fB\-f\fR \fIformat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-f format" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIformat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--format=format" +.PD +Use the output format \fIformat\fR, which can be \f(CW\*(C`bsd\*(C'\fR, +\&\f(CW\*(C`sysv\*(C'\fR, or \f(CW\*(C`posix\*(C'\fR. The default is \f(CW\*(C`bsd\*(C'\fR. +Only the first character of \fIformat\fR is significant; it can be +either upper or lower case. +.IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-g" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-extern\-only\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--extern-only" +.PD +Display only external symbols. +.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Show a summary of the options to \fBnm\fR and exit. +.IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-l" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--line-numbers" +.PD +For each symbol, use debugging information to try to find a filename and +line number. For a defined symbol, look for the line number of the +address of the symbol. For an undefined symbol, look for the line +number of a relocation entry which refers to the symbol. If line number +information can be found, print it after the other symbol information. +.IP "\fB\-n\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-n" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.IP "\fB\-\-numeric\-sort\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--numeric-sort" +.PD +Sort symbols numerically by their addresses, rather than alphabetically +by their names. +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-sort\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-sort" +.PD +Do not bother to sort the symbols in any order; print them in the order +encountered. +.IP "\fB\-P\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-P" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-portability\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--portability" +.PD +Use the \s-1POSIX.2\s0 standard output format instead of the default format. +Equivalent to \fB\-f posix\fR. +.IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-r" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-reverse\-sort\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--reverse-sort" +.PD +Reverse the order of the sort (whether numeric or alphabetic); let the +last come first. +.IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-S" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-print\-size\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--print-size" +.PD +Print both value and size of defined symbols for the \f(CW\*(C`bsd\*(C'\fR output style. +This option has no effect for object formats that do not record symbol +sizes, unless \fB\-\-size\-sort\fR is also used in which case a +calculated size is displayed. +.IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-s" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-print\-armap\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--print-armap" +.PD +When listing symbols from archive members, include the index: a mapping +(stored in the archive by \fBar\fR or \fBranlib\fR) of which modules +contain definitions for which names. +.IP "\fB\-t\fR \fIradix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t radix" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fIradix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--radix=radix" +.PD +Use \fIradix\fR as the radix for printing the symbol values. It must be +\&\fBd\fR for decimal, \fBo\fR for octal, or \fBx\fR for hexadecimal. +.IP "\fB\-u\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-u" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-undefined\-only\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--undefined-only" +.PD +Display only undefined symbols (those external to each object file). +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Show the version number of \fBnm\fR and exit. +.IP "\fB\-X\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-X" +This option is ignored for compatibility with the \s-1AIX\s0 version of +\&\fBnm\fR. It takes one parameter which must be the string +\&\fB32_64\fR. The default mode of \s-1AIX \s0\fBnm\fR corresponds +to \fB\-X 32\fR, which is not supported by \s-1GNU \s0\fBnm\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-defined\-only\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--defined-only" +Display only defined symbols for each object file. +.IP "\fB\-\-plugin\fR \fIname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--plugin name" +Load the plugin called \fIname\fR to add support for extra target +types. This option is only available if the toolchain has been built +with plugin support enabled. +.IP "\fB\-\-size\-sort\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--size-sort" +Sort symbols by size. The size is computed as the difference between +the value of the symbol and the value of the symbol with the next higher +value. If the \f(CW\*(C`bsd\*(C'\fR output format is used the size of the symbol +is printed, rather than the value, and \fB\-S\fR must be used in order +both size and value to be printed. +.IP "\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--special-syms" +Display symbols which have a target-specific special meaning. These +symbols are usually used by the target for some special processing and +are not normally helpful when included in the normal symbol lists. +For example for \s-1ARM\s0 targets this option would skip the mapping symbols +used to mark transitions between \s-1ARM\s0 code, \s-1THUMB\s0 code and data. +.IP "\fB\-\-synthetic\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--synthetic" +Include synthetic symbols in the output. These are special symbols +created by the linker for various purposes. They are not shown by +default since they are not part of the binary's original source code. +.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target=bfdname" +Specify an object code format other than your system's default format. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fIar\fR\|(1), \fIobjdump\fR\|(1), \fIranlib\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/objcopy.1 b/binutils/doc/objcopy.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..141c952 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/objcopy.1 @@ -0,0 +1,1033 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "OBJCOPY 1" +.TH OBJCOPY 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +objcopy \- copy and translate object files +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +objcopy [\fB\-F\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-I\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-input\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-O\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-output\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-B\fR \fIbfdarch\fR|\fB\-\-binary\-architecture=\fR\fIbfdarch\fR] + [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-strip\-all\fR] + [\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-\-strip\-debug\fR] + [\fB\-K\fR \fIsymbolname\fR|\fB\-\-keep\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-N\fR \fIsymbolname\fR|\fB\-\-strip\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-G\fR \fIsymbolname\fR|\fB\-\-keep\-global\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-\-localize\-hidden\fR] + [\fB\-L\fR \fIsymbolname\fR|\fB\-\-localize\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-\-globalize\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-W\fR \fIsymbolname\fR|\fB\-\-weaken\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-w\fR|\fB\-\-wildcard\fR] + [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-discard\-all\fR] + [\fB\-X\fR|\fB\-\-discard\-locals\fR] + [\fB\-b\fR \fIbyte\fR|\fB\-\-byte=\fR\fIbyte\fR] + [\fB\-i\fR [\fIbreadth\fR]|\fB\-\-interleave\fR[=\fIbreadth\fR]] + [\fB\-\-interleave\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR] + [\fB\-j\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR|\fB\-\-only\-section=\fR\fIsectionpattern\fR] + [\fB\-R\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR|\fB\-\-remove\-section=\fR\fIsectionpattern\fR] + [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-preserve\-dates\fR] + [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR] + [\fB\-U\fR|\fB\-\-disable\-deterministic\-archives\fR] + [\fB\-\-debugging\fR] + [\fB\-\-gap\-fill=\fR\fIval\fR] + [\fB\-\-pad\-to=\fR\fIaddress\fR] + [\fB\-\-set\-start=\fR\fIval\fR] + [\fB\-\-adjust\-start=\fR\fIincr\fR] + [\fB\-\-change\-addresses=\fR\fIincr\fR] + [\fB\-\-change\-section\-address\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR{=,+,\-}\fIval\fR] + [\fB\-\-change\-section\-lma\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR{=,+,\-}\fIval\fR] + [\fB\-\-change\-section\-vma\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR{=,+,\-}\fIval\fR] + [\fB\-\-change\-warnings\fR] [\fB\-\-no\-change\-warnings\fR] + [\fB\-\-set\-section\-flags\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR=\fIflags\fR] + [\fB\-\-add\-section\fR \fIsectionname\fR=\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-dump\-section\fR \fIsectionname\fR=\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-rename\-section\fR \fIoldname\fR=\fInewname\fR[,\fIflags\fR]] + [\fB\-\-long\-section\-names\fR {enable,disable,keep}] + [\fB\-\-change\-leading\-char\fR] [\fB\-\-remove\-leading\-char\fR] + [\fB\-\-reverse\-bytes=\fR\fInum\fR] + [\fB\-\-srec\-len=\fR\fIival\fR] [\fB\-\-srec\-forceS3\fR] + [\fB\-\-redefine\-sym\fR \fIold\fR=\fInew\fR] + [\fB\-\-redefine\-syms=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-weaken\fR] + [\fB\-\-keep\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-strip\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-keep\-global\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-localize\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-globalize\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-weaken\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR] + [\fB\-\-alt\-machine\-code=\fR\fIindex\fR] + [\fB\-\-prefix\-symbols=\fR\fIstring\fR] + [\fB\-\-prefix\-sections=\fR\fIstring\fR] + [\fB\-\-prefix\-alloc\-sections=\fR\fIstring\fR] + [\fB\-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=\fR\fIpath-to-file\fR] + [\fB\-\-keep\-file\-symbols\fR] + [\fB\-\-only\-keep\-debug\fR] + [\fB\-\-strip\-dwo\fR] + [\fB\-\-extract\-dwo\fR] + [\fB\-\-extract\-symbol\fR] + [\fB\-\-writable\-text\fR] + [\fB\-\-readonly\-text\fR] + [\fB\-\-pure\fR] + [\fB\-\-impure\fR] + [\fB\-\-file\-alignment=\fR\fInum\fR] + [\fB\-\-heap=\fR\fIsize\fR] + [\fB\-\-image\-base=\fR\fIaddress\fR] + [\fB\-\-section\-alignment=\fR\fInum\fR] + [\fB\-\-stack=\fR\fIsize\fR] + [\fB\-\-subsystem=\fR\fIwhich\fR:\fImajor\fR.\fIminor\fR] + [\fB\-\-compress\-debug\-sections\fR] + [\fB\-\-decompress\-debug\-sections\fR] + [\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR] + [\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR] + [\fB\-v\fR|\fB\-\-verbose\fR] + [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-\-info\fR] + \fIinfile\fR [\fIoutfile\fR] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +The \s-1GNU \s0\fBobjcopy\fR utility copies the contents of an object +file to another. \fBobjcopy\fR uses the \s-1GNU BFD\s0 Library to +read and write the object files. It can write the destination object +file in a format different from that of the source object file. The +exact behavior of \fBobjcopy\fR is controlled by command-line options. +Note that \fBobjcopy\fR should be able to copy a fully linked file +between any two formats. However, copying a relocatable object file +between any two formats may not work as expected. +.PP +\&\fBobjcopy\fR creates temporary files to do its translations and +deletes them afterward. \fBobjcopy\fR uses \s-1BFD\s0 to do all its +translation work; it has access to all the formats described in \s-1BFD\s0 +and thus is able to recognize most formats without being told +explicitly. +.PP +\&\fBobjcopy\fR can be used to generate S\-records by using an output +target of \fBsrec\fR (e.g., use \fB\-O srec\fR). +.PP +\&\fBobjcopy\fR can be used to generate a raw binary file by using an +output target of \fBbinary\fR (e.g., use \fB\-O binary\fR). When +\&\fBobjcopy\fR generates a raw binary file, it will essentially produce +a memory dump of the contents of the input object file. All symbols and +relocation information will be discarded. The memory dump will start at +the load address of the lowest section copied into the output file. +.PP +When generating an S\-record or a raw binary file, it may be helpful to +use \fB\-S\fR to remove sections containing debugging information. In +some cases \fB\-R\fR will be useful to remove sections which contain +information that is not needed by the binary file. +.PP +Note\-\-\-\fBobjcopy\fR is not able to change the endianness of its input +files. If the input format has an endianness (some formats do not), +\&\fBobjcopy\fR can only copy the inputs into file formats that have the +same endianness or which have no endianness (e.g., \fBsrec\fR). +(However, see the \fB\-\-reverse\-bytes\fR option.) +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fIinfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "infile" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fIoutfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "outfile" +.PD +The input and output files, respectively. +If you do not specify \fIoutfile\fR, \fBobjcopy\fR creates a +temporary file and destructively renames the result with +the name of \fIinfile\fR. +.IP "\fB\-I\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-I bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-input\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input-target=bfdname" +.PD +Consider the source file's object format to be \fIbfdname\fR, rather than +attempting to deduce it. +.IP "\fB\-O\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-O bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-target=bfdname" +.PD +Write the output file using the object format \fIbfdname\fR. +.IP "\fB\-F\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-F bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target=bfdname" +.PD +Use \fIbfdname\fR as the object format for both the input and the output +file; i.e., simply transfer data from source to destination with no +translation. +.IP "\fB\-B\fR \fIbfdarch\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-B bfdarch" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-binary\-architecture=\fR\fIbfdarch\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--binary-architecture=bfdarch" +.PD +Useful when transforming a architecture-less input file into an object file. +In this case the output architecture can be set to \fIbfdarch\fR. This +option will be ignored if the input file has a known \fIbfdarch\fR. You +can access this binary data inside a program by referencing the special +symbols that are created by the conversion process. These symbols are +called _binary_\fIobjfile\fR_start, _binary_\fIobjfile\fR_end and +_binary_\fIobjfile\fR_size. e.g. you can transform a picture file into +an object file and then access it in your code using these symbols. +.IP "\fB\-j\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-j sectionpattern" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-only\-section=\fR\fIsectionpattern\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--only-section=sectionpattern" +.PD +Copy only the indicated sections from the input file to the output file. +This option may be given more than once. Note that using this option +inappropriately may make the output file unusable. Wildcard +characters are accepted in \fIsectionpattern\fR. +.IP "\fB\-R\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-R sectionpattern" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-remove\-section=\fR\fIsectionpattern\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--remove-section=sectionpattern" +.PD +Remove any section matching \fIsectionpattern\fR from the output file. +This option may be given more than once. Note that using this option +inappropriately may make the output file unusable. Wildcard +characters are accepted in \fIsectionpattern\fR. Using both the +\&\fB\-j\fR and \fB\-R\fR options together results in undefined +behaviour. +.IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-S" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-all\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-all" +.PD +Do not copy relocation and symbol information from the source file. +.IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-g" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-debug\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-debug" +.PD +Do not copy debugging symbols or sections from the source file. +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-unneeded" +Strip all symbols that are not needed for relocation processing. +.IP "\fB\-K\fR \fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-K symbolname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-keep\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--keep-symbol=symbolname" +.PD +When stripping symbols, keep symbol \fIsymbolname\fR even if it would +normally be stripped. This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-N\fR \fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-N symbolname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-symbol=symbolname" +.PD +Do not copy symbol \fIsymbolname\fR from the source file. This option +may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-unneeded-symbol=symbolname" +Do not copy symbol \fIsymbolname\fR from the source file unless it is needed +by a relocation. This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-G\fR \fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-G symbolname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-keep\-global\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--keep-global-symbol=symbolname" +.PD +Keep only symbol \fIsymbolname\fR global. Make all other symbols local +to the file, so that they are not visible externally. This option may +be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-localize\-hidden\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--localize-hidden" +In an \s-1ELF\s0 object, mark all symbols that have hidden or internal visibility +as local. This option applies on top of symbol-specific localization options +such as \fB\-L\fR. +.IP "\fB\-L\fR \fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-L symbolname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-localize\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--localize-symbol=symbolname" +.PD +Make symbol \fIsymbolname\fR local to the file, so that it is not +visible externally. This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-W\fR \fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-W symbolname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-weaken\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--weaken-symbol=symbolname" +.PD +Make symbol \fIsymbolname\fR weak. This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-globalize\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--globalize-symbol=symbolname" +Give symbol \fIsymbolname\fR global scoping so that it is visible +outside of the file in which it is defined. This option may be given +more than once. +.IP "\fB\-w\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-w" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-wildcard\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--wildcard" +.PD +Permit regular expressions in \fIsymbolname\fRs used in other command +line options. The question mark (?), asterisk (*), backslash (\e) and +square brackets ([]) operators can be used anywhere in the symbol +name. If the first character of the symbol name is the exclamation +point (!) then the sense of the switch is reversed for that symbol. +For example: +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& \-w \-W !foo \-W fo* +.Ve +.Sp +would cause objcopy to weaken all symbols that start with \*(L"fo\*(R" +except for the symbol \*(L"foo\*(R". +.IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-x" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-discard\-all\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--discard-all" +.PD +Do not copy non-global symbols from the source file. +.IP "\fB\-X\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-X" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-discard\-locals\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--discard-locals" +.PD +Do not copy compiler-generated local symbols. +(These usually start with \fBL\fR or \fB.\fR.) +.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbyte\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-b byte" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-byte=\fR\fIbyte\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--byte=byte" +.PD +If interleaving has been enabled via the \fB\-\-interleave\fR option +then start the range of bytes to keep at the \fIbyte\fRth byte. +\&\fIbyte\fR can be in the range from 0 to \fIbreadth\fR\-1, where +\&\fIbreadth\fR is the value given by the \fB\-\-interleave\fR option. +.IP "\fB\-i [\fR\fIbreadth\fR\fB]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-i [breadth]" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-interleave[=\fR\fIbreadth\fR\fB]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--interleave[=breadth]" +.PD +Only copy a range out of every \fIbreadth\fR bytes. (Header data is +not affected). Select which byte in the range begins the copy with +the \fB\-\-byte\fR option. Select the width of the range with the +\&\fB\-\-interleave\-width\fR option. +.Sp +This option is useful for creating files to program \s-1ROM. \s0 It is +typically used with an \f(CW\*(C`srec\*(C'\fR output target. Note that +\&\fBobjcopy\fR will complain if you do not specify the +\&\fB\-\-byte\fR option as well. +.Sp +The default interleave breadth is 4, so with \fB\-\-byte\fR set to 0, +\&\fBobjcopy\fR would copy the first byte out of every four bytes +from the input to the output. +.IP "\fB\-\-interleave\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--interleave-width=width" +When used with the \fB\-\-interleave\fR option, copy \fIwidth\fR +bytes at a time. The start of the range of bytes to be copied is set +by the \fB\-\-byte\fR option, and the extent of the range is set with +the \fB\-\-interleave\fR option. +.Sp +The default value for this option is 1. The value of \fIwidth\fR plus +the \fIbyte\fR value set by the \fB\-\-byte\fR option must not exceed +the interleave breadth set by the \fB\-\-interleave\fR option. +.Sp +This option can be used to create images for two 16\-bit flashes interleaved +in a 32\-bit bus by passing \fB\-b 0 \-i 4 \-\-interleave\-width=2\fR +and \fB\-b 2 \-i 4 \-\-interleave\-width=2\fR to two \fBobjcopy\fR +commands. If the input was '12345678' then the outputs would be +\&'1256' and '3478' respectively. +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-preserve\-dates\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--preserve-dates" +.PD +Set the access and modification dates of the output file to be the same +as those of the input file. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--enable-deterministic-archives" +.PD +Operate in \fIdeterministic\fR mode. When copying archive members +and writing the archive index, use zero for UIDs, GIDs, timestamps, +and use consistent file modes for all files. +.Sp +If \fIbinutils\fR was configured with +\&\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR, then this mode is on by default. +It can be disabled with the \fB\-U\fR option, below. +.IP "\fB\-U\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-U" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-disable\-deterministic\-archives\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--disable-deterministic-archives" +.PD +Do \fInot\fR operate in \fIdeterministic\fR mode. This is the +inverse of the \fB\-D\fR option, above: when copying archive members +and writing the archive index, use their actual \s-1UID, GID,\s0 timestamp, +and file mode values. +.Sp +This is the default unless \fIbinutils\fR was configured with +\&\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-debugging\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--debugging" +Convert debugging information, if possible. This is not the default +because only certain debugging formats are supported, and the +conversion process can be time consuming. +.IP "\fB\-\-gap\-fill\fR \fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--gap-fill val" +Fill gaps between sections with \fIval\fR. This operation applies to +the \fIload address\fR (\s-1LMA\s0) of the sections. It is done by increasing +the size of the section with the lower address, and filling in the extra +space created with \fIval\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-pad\-to\fR \fIaddress\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--pad-to address" +Pad the output file up to the load address \fIaddress\fR. This is +done by increasing the size of the last section. The extra space is +filled in with the value specified by \fB\-\-gap\-fill\fR (default zero). +.IP "\fB\-\-set\-start\fR \fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--set-start val" +Set the start address of the new file to \fIval\fR. Not all object file +formats support setting the start address. +.IP "\fB\-\-change\-start\fR \fIincr\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--change-start incr" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-start\fR \fIincr\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--adjust-start incr" +.PD +Change the start address by adding \fIincr\fR. Not all object file +formats support setting the start address. +.IP "\fB\-\-change\-addresses\fR \fIincr\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--change-addresses incr" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-vma\fR \fIincr\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--adjust-vma incr" +.PD +Change the \s-1VMA\s0 and \s-1LMA\s0 addresses of all sections, as well as the start +address, by adding \fIincr\fR. Some object file formats do not permit +section addresses to be changed arbitrarily. Note that this does not +relocate the sections; if the program expects sections to be loaded at a +certain address, and this option is used to change the sections such +that they are loaded at a different address, the program may fail. +.IP "\fB\-\-change\-section\-address\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR\fB{=,+,\-}\fR\fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--change-section-address sectionpattern{=,+,-}val" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-section\-vma\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR\fB{=,+,\-}\fR\fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--adjust-section-vma sectionpattern{=,+,-}val" +.PD +Set or change both the \s-1VMA\s0 address and the \s-1LMA\s0 address of any section +matching \fIsectionpattern\fR. If \fB=\fR is used, the section +address is set to \fIval\fR. Otherwise, \fIval\fR is added to or +subtracted from the section address. See the comments under +\&\fB\-\-change\-addresses\fR, above. If \fIsectionpattern\fR does not +match any sections in the input file, a warning will be issued, unless +\&\fB\-\-no\-change\-warnings\fR is used. +.IP "\fB\-\-change\-section\-lma\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR\fB{=,+,\-}\fR\fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--change-section-lma sectionpattern{=,+,-}val" +Set or change the \s-1LMA\s0 address of any sections matching +\&\fIsectionpattern\fR. The \s-1LMA\s0 address is the address where the +section will be loaded into memory at program load time. Normally +this is the same as the \s-1VMA\s0 address, which is the address of the +section at program run time, but on some systems, especially those +where a program is held in \s-1ROM,\s0 the two can be different. If \fB=\fR +is used, the section address is set to \fIval\fR. Otherwise, +\&\fIval\fR is added to or subtracted from the section address. See the +comments under \fB\-\-change\-addresses\fR, above. If +\&\fIsectionpattern\fR does not match any sections in the input file, a +warning will be issued, unless \fB\-\-no\-change\-warnings\fR is used. +.IP "\fB\-\-change\-section\-vma\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR\fB{=,+,\-}\fR\fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--change-section-vma sectionpattern{=,+,-}val" +Set or change the \s-1VMA\s0 address of any section matching +\&\fIsectionpattern\fR. The \s-1VMA\s0 address is the address where the +section will be located once the program has started executing. +Normally this is the same as the \s-1LMA\s0 address, which is the address +where the section will be loaded into memory, but on some systems, +especially those where a program is held in \s-1ROM,\s0 the two can be +different. If \fB=\fR is used, the section address is set to +\&\fIval\fR. Otherwise, \fIval\fR is added to or subtracted from the +section address. See the comments under \fB\-\-change\-addresses\fR, +above. If \fIsectionpattern\fR does not match any sections in the +input file, a warning will be issued, unless +\&\fB\-\-no\-change\-warnings\fR is used. +.IP "\fB\-\-change\-warnings\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--change-warnings" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-warnings\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--adjust-warnings" +.PD +If \fB\-\-change\-section\-address\fR or \fB\-\-change\-section\-lma\fR or +\&\fB\-\-change\-section\-vma\fR is used, and the section pattern does not +match any sections, issue a warning. This is the default. +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-change\-warnings\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-change-warnings" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-adjust\-warnings\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-adjust-warnings" +.PD +Do not issue a warning if \fB\-\-change\-section\-address\fR or +\&\fB\-\-adjust\-section\-lma\fR or \fB\-\-adjust\-section\-vma\fR is used, even +if the section pattern does not match any sections. +.IP "\fB\-\-set\-section\-flags\fR \fIsectionpattern\fR\fB=\fR\fIflags\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--set-section-flags sectionpattern=flags" +Set the flags for any sections matching \fIsectionpattern\fR. The +\&\fIflags\fR argument is a comma separated string of flag names. The +recognized names are \fBalloc\fR, \fBcontents\fR, \fBload\fR, +\&\fBnoload\fR, \fBreadonly\fR, \fBcode\fR, \fBdata\fR, \fBrom\fR, +\&\fBshare\fR, and \fBdebug\fR. You can set the \fBcontents\fR flag +for a section which does not have contents, but it is not meaningful +to clear the \fBcontents\fR flag of a section which does have +contents\*(--just remove the section instead. Not all flags are +meaningful for all object file formats. +.IP "\fB\-\-add\-section\fR \fIsectionname\fR\fB=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--add-section sectionname=filename" +Add a new section named \fIsectionname\fR while copying the file. The +contents of the new section are taken from the file \fIfilename\fR. The +size of the section will be the size of the file. This option only +works on file formats which can support sections with arbitrary names. +Note \- it may be necessary to use the \fB\-\-set\-section\-flags\fR +option to set the attributes of the newly created section. +.IP "\fB\-\-dump\-section\fR \fIsectionname\fR\fB=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dump-section sectionname=filename" +Place the contents of section named \fIsectionname\fR into the file +\&\fIfilename\fR, overwriting any contents that may have been there +previously. This option is the inverse of \fB\-\-add\-section\fR. +This option is similar to the \fB\-\-only\-section\fR option except +that it does not create a formatted file, it just dumps the contents +as raw binary data, without applying any relocations. The option can +be specified more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-rename\-section\fR \fIoldname\fR\fB=\fR\fInewname\fR\fB[,\fR\fIflags\fR\fB]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--rename-section oldname=newname[,flags]" +Rename a section from \fIoldname\fR to \fInewname\fR, optionally +changing the section's flags to \fIflags\fR in the process. This has +the advantage over usng a linker script to perform the rename in that +the output stays as an object file and does not become a linked +executable. +.Sp +This option is particularly helpful when the input format is binary, +since this will always create a section called .data. If for example, +you wanted instead to create a section called .rodata containing binary +data you could use the following command line to achieve it: +.Sp +.Vb 3 +\& objcopy \-I binary \-O <output_format> \-B <architecture> \e +\& \-\-rename\-section .data=.rodata,alloc,load,readonly,data,contents \e +\& <input_binary_file> <output_object_file> +.Ve +.IP "\fB\-\-long\-section\-names {enable,disable,keep}\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--long-section-names {enable,disable,keep}" +Controls the handling of long section names when processing \f(CW\*(C`COFF\*(C'\fR +and \f(CW\*(C`PE\-COFF\*(C'\fR object formats. The default behaviour, \fBkeep\fR, +is to preserve long section names if any are present in the input file. +The \fBenable\fR and \fBdisable\fR options forcibly enable or disable +the use of long section names in the output object; when \fBdisable\fR +is in effect, any long section names in the input object will be truncated. +The \fBenable\fR option will only emit long section names if any are +present in the inputs; this is mostly the same as \fBkeep\fR, but it +is left undefined whether the \fBenable\fR option might force the +creation of an empty string table in the output file. +.IP "\fB\-\-change\-leading\-char\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--change-leading-char" +Some object file formats use special characters at the start of +symbols. The most common such character is underscore, which compilers +often add before every symbol. This option tells \fBobjcopy\fR to +change the leading character of every symbol when it converts between +object file formats. If the object file formats use the same leading +character, this option has no effect. Otherwise, it will add a +character, or remove a character, or change a character, as +appropriate. +.IP "\fB\-\-remove\-leading\-char\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--remove-leading-char" +If the first character of a global symbol is a special symbol leading +character used by the object file format, remove the character. The +most common symbol leading character is underscore. This option will +remove a leading underscore from all global symbols. This can be useful +if you want to link together objects of different file formats with +different conventions for symbol names. This is different from +\&\fB\-\-change\-leading\-char\fR because it always changes the symbol name +when appropriate, regardless of the object file format of the output +file. +.IP "\fB\-\-reverse\-bytes=\fR\fInum\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--reverse-bytes=num" +Reverse the bytes in a section with output contents. A section length must +be evenly divisible by the value given in order for the swap to be able to +take place. Reversing takes place before the interleaving is performed. +.Sp +This option is used typically in generating \s-1ROM\s0 images for problematic +target systems. For example, on some target boards, the 32\-bit words +fetched from 8\-bit ROMs are re-assembled in little-endian byte order +regardless of the \s-1CPU\s0 byte order. Depending on the programming model, the +endianness of the \s-1ROM\s0 may need to be modified. +.Sp +Consider a simple file with a section containing the following eight +bytes: \f(CW12345678\fR. +.Sp +Using \fB\-\-reverse\-bytes=2\fR for the above example, the bytes in the +output file would be ordered \f(CW21436587\fR. +.Sp +Using \fB\-\-reverse\-bytes=4\fR for the above example, the bytes in the +output file would be ordered \f(CW43218765\fR. +.Sp +By using \fB\-\-reverse\-bytes=2\fR for the above example, followed by +\&\fB\-\-reverse\-bytes=4\fR on the output file, the bytes in the second +output file would be ordered \f(CW34127856\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-srec\-len=\fR\fIival\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--srec-len=ival" +Meaningful only for srec output. Set the maximum length of the Srecords +being produced to \fIival\fR. This length covers both address, data and +crc fields. +.IP "\fB\-\-srec\-forceS3\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--srec-forceS3" +Meaningful only for srec output. Avoid generation of S1/S2 records, +creating S3\-only record format. +.IP "\fB\-\-redefine\-sym\fR \fIold\fR\fB=\fR\fInew\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--redefine-sym old=new" +Change the name of a symbol \fIold\fR, to \fInew\fR. This can be useful +when one is trying link two things together for which you have no +source, and there are name collisions. +.IP "\fB\-\-redefine\-syms=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--redefine-syms=filename" +Apply \fB\-\-redefine\-sym\fR to each symbol pair "\fIold\fR \fInew\fR" +listed in the file \fIfilename\fR. \fIfilename\fR is simply a flat file, +with one symbol pair per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash +character. This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-weaken\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--weaken" +Change all global symbols in the file to be weak. This can be useful +when building an object which will be linked against other objects using +the \fB\-R\fR option to the linker. This option is only effective when +using an object file format which supports weak symbols. +.IP "\fB\-\-keep\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--keep-symbols=filename" +Apply \fB\-\-keep\-symbol\fR option to each symbol listed in the file +\&\fIfilename\fR. \fIfilename\fR is simply a flat file, with one symbol +name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. +This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-symbols=filename" +Apply \fB\-\-strip\-symbol\fR option to each symbol listed in the file +\&\fIfilename\fR. \fIfilename\fR is simply a flat file, with one symbol +name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. +This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-unneeded-symbols=filename" +Apply \fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\-symbol\fR option to each symbol listed in +the file \fIfilename\fR. \fIfilename\fR is simply a flat file, with one +symbol name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash +character. This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-keep\-global\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--keep-global-symbols=filename" +Apply \fB\-\-keep\-global\-symbol\fR option to each symbol listed in the +file \fIfilename\fR. \fIfilename\fR is simply a flat file, with one +symbol name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash +character. This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-localize\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--localize-symbols=filename" +Apply \fB\-\-localize\-symbol\fR option to each symbol listed in the file +\&\fIfilename\fR. \fIfilename\fR is simply a flat file, with one symbol +name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. +This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-globalize\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--globalize-symbols=filename" +Apply \fB\-\-globalize\-symbol\fR option to each symbol listed in the file +\&\fIfilename\fR. \fIfilename\fR is simply a flat file, with one symbol +name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. +This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-weaken\-symbols=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--weaken-symbols=filename" +Apply \fB\-\-weaken\-symbol\fR option to each symbol listed in the file +\&\fIfilename\fR. \fIfilename\fR is simply a flat file, with one symbol +name per line. Line comments may be introduced by the hash character. +This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-\-alt\-machine\-code=\fR\fIindex\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--alt-machine-code=index" +If the output architecture has alternate machine codes, use the +\&\fIindex\fRth code instead of the default one. This is useful in case +a machine is assigned an official code and the tool-chain adopts the +new code, but other applications still depend on the original code +being used. For \s-1ELF\s0 based architectures if the \fIindex\fR +alternative does not exist then the value is treated as an absolute +number to be stored in the e_machine field of the \s-1ELF\s0 header. +.IP "\fB\-\-writable\-text\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--writable-text" +Mark the output text as writable. This option isn't meaningful for all +object file formats. +.IP "\fB\-\-readonly\-text\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--readonly-text" +Make the output text write protected. This option isn't meaningful for all +object file formats. +.IP "\fB\-\-pure\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--pure" +Mark the output file as demand paged. This option isn't meaningful for all +object file formats. +.IP "\fB\-\-impure\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--impure" +Mark the output file as impure. This option isn't meaningful for all +object file formats. +.IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-symbols=\fR\fIstring\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--prefix-symbols=string" +Prefix all symbols in the output file with \fIstring\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-sections=\fR\fIstring\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--prefix-sections=string" +Prefix all section names in the output file with \fIstring\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-alloc\-sections=\fR\fIstring\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--prefix-alloc-sections=string" +Prefix all the names of all allocated sections in the output file with +\&\fIstring\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=\fR\fIpath-to-file\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--add-gnu-debuglink=path-to-file" +Creates a .gnu_debuglink section which contains a reference to \fIpath-to-file\fR +and adds it to the output file. +.IP "\fB\-\-keep\-file\-symbols\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--keep-file-symbols" +When stripping a file, perhaps with \fB\-\-strip\-debug\fR or +\&\fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\fR, retain any symbols specifying source file names, +which would otherwise get stripped. +.IP "\fB\-\-only\-keep\-debug\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--only-keep-debug" +Strip a file, removing contents of any sections that would not be +stripped by \fB\-\-strip\-debug\fR and leaving the debugging sections +intact. In \s-1ELF\s0 files, this preserves all note sections in the output. +.Sp +The intention is that this option will be used in conjunction with +\&\fB\-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink\fR to create a two part executable. One a +stripped binary which will occupy less space in \s-1RAM\s0 and in a +distribution and the second a debugging information file which is only +needed if debugging abilities are required. The suggested procedure +to create these files is as follows: +.RS 4 +.IP "1.<Link the executable as normal. Assuming that is is called>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Link the executable as normal. Assuming that is is called>" +\&\f(CW\*(C`foo\*(C'\fR then... +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-only\-keep\-debug foo foo.dbg"" to>" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-only\-keep\-debug foo foo.dbg\fR to>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --only-keep-debug foo foo.dbg to>" +create a file containing the debugging info. +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-strip\-debug foo"" to create a>" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-strip\-debug foo\fR to create a>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --strip-debug foo to create a>" +stripped executable. +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=foo.dbg foo"">" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=foo.dbg foo\fR>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.dbg foo>" +to add a link to the debugging info into the stripped executable. +.RE +.RS 4 +.Sp +Note\-\-\-the choice of \f(CW\*(C`.dbg\*(C'\fR as an extension for the debug info +file is arbitrary. Also the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-only\-keep\-debug\*(C'\fR step is +optional. You could instead do this: +.IP "1.<Link the executable as normal.>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Link the executable as normal.>" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP "1.<Copy ""foo"" to ""foo.full"">" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Copy \f(CWfoo\fR to \f(CWfoo.full\fR>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Copy foo to foo.full>" +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-strip\-debug foo"">" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-strip\-debug foo\fR>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --strip-debug foo>" +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=foo.full foo"">" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=foo.full foo\fR>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.full foo>" +.RE +.RS 4 +.PD +.Sp +i.e., the file pointed to by the \fB\-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink\fR can be the +full executable. It does not have to be a file created by the +\&\fB\-\-only\-keep\-debug\fR switch. +.Sp +Note\-\-\-this switch is only intended for use on fully linked files. It +does not make sense to use it on object files where the debugging +information may be incomplete. Besides the gnu_debuglink feature +currently only supports the presence of one filename containing +debugging information, not multiple filenames on a one-per-object-file +basis. +.RE +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-dwo\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-dwo" +Remove the contents of all \s-1DWARF \s0.dwo sections, leaving the +remaining debugging sections and all symbols intact. +This option is intended for use by the compiler as part of +the \fB\-gsplit\-dwarf\fR option, which splits debug information +between the .o file and a separate .dwo file. The compiler +generates all debug information in the same file, then uses +the \fB\-\-extract\-dwo\fR option to copy the .dwo sections to +the .dwo file, then the \fB\-\-strip\-dwo\fR option to remove +those sections from the original .o file. +.IP "\fB\-\-extract\-dwo\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--extract-dwo" +Extract the contents of all \s-1DWARF \s0.dwo sections. See the +\&\fB\-\-strip\-dwo\fR option for more information. +.IP "\fB\-\-file\-alignment\fR \fInum\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--file-alignment num" +Specify the file alignment. Sections in the file will always begin at +file offsets which are multiples of this number. This defaults to +512. +[This option is specific to \s-1PE\s0 targets.] +.IP "\fB\-\-heap\fR \fIreserve\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--heap reserve" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-heap\fR \fIreserve\fR\fB,\fR\fIcommit\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--heap reserve,commit" +.PD +Specify the number of bytes of memory to reserve (and optionally commit) +to be used as heap for this program. +[This option is specific to \s-1PE\s0 targets.] +.IP "\fB\-\-image\-base\fR \fIvalue\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--image-base value" +Use \fIvalue\fR as the base address of your program or dll. This is +the lowest memory location that will be used when your program or dll +is loaded. To reduce the need to relocate and improve performance of +your dlls, each should have a unique base address and not overlap any +other dlls. The default is 0x400000 for executables, and 0x10000000 +for dlls. +[This option is specific to \s-1PE\s0 targets.] +.IP "\fB\-\-section\-alignment\fR \fInum\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--section-alignment num" +Sets the section alignment. Sections in memory will always begin at +addresses which are a multiple of this number. Defaults to 0x1000. +[This option is specific to \s-1PE\s0 targets.] +.IP "\fB\-\-stack\fR \fIreserve\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--stack reserve" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-stack\fR \fIreserve\fR\fB,\fR\fIcommit\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--stack reserve,commit" +.PD +Specify the number of bytes of memory to reserve (and optionally commit) +to be used as stack for this program. +[This option is specific to \s-1PE\s0 targets.] +.IP "\fB\-\-subsystem\fR \fIwhich\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--subsystem which" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-subsystem\fR \fIwhich\fR\fB:\fR\fImajor\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--subsystem which:major" +.IP "\fB\-\-subsystem\fR \fIwhich\fR\fB:\fR\fImajor\fR\fB.\fR\fIminor\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--subsystem which:major.minor" +.PD +Specifies the subsystem under which your program will execute. The +legal values for \fIwhich\fR are \f(CW\*(C`native\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`windows\*(C'\fR, +\&\f(CW\*(C`console\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`posix\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`efi\-app\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`efi\-bsd\*(C'\fR, +\&\f(CW\*(C`efi\-rtd\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`sal\-rtd\*(C'\fR, and \f(CW\*(C`xbox\*(C'\fR. You may optionally set +the subsystem version also. Numeric values are also accepted for +\&\fIwhich\fR. +[This option is specific to \s-1PE\s0 targets.] +.IP "\fB\-\-extract\-symbol\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--extract-symbol" +Keep the file's section flags and symbols but remove all section data. +Specifically, the option: +.RS 4 +.IP "*<removes the contents of all sections;>" 4 +.IX Item "*<removes the contents of all sections;>" +.PD 0 +.IP "*<sets the size of every section to zero; and>" 4 +.IX Item "*<sets the size of every section to zero; and>" +.IP "*<sets the file's start address to zero.>" 4 +.IX Item "*<sets the file's start address to zero.>" +.RE +.RS 4 +.PD +.Sp +This option is used to build a \fI.sym\fR file for a VxWorks kernel. +It can also be a useful way of reducing the size of a \fB\-\-just\-symbols\fR +linker input file. +.RE +.IP "\fB\-\-compress\-debug\-sections\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--compress-debug-sections" +Compress \s-1DWARF\s0 debug sections using zlib. +.IP "\fB\-\-decompress\-debug\-sections\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--decompress-debug-sections" +Decompress \s-1DWARF\s0 debug sections using zlib. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Show the version number of \fBobjcopy\fR. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-verbose\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--verbose" +.PD +Verbose output: list all object files modified. In the case of +archives, \fBobjcopy \-V\fR lists all members of the archive. +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +Show a summary of the options to \fBobjcopy\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-info\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--info" +Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fIld\fR\|(1), \fIobjdump\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/objdump.1 b/binutils/doc/objdump.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b752174 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/objdump.1 @@ -0,0 +1,859 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "OBJDUMP 1" +.TH OBJDUMP 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +objdump \- display information from object files. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +objdump [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-archive\-headers\fR] + [\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-C\fR|\fB\-\-demangle\fR[=\fIstyle\fR] ] + [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\fR] + [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR] + [\fB\-z\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR] + [\fB\-EB\fR|\fB\-EL\fR|\fB\-\-endian=\fR{big | little }] + [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR] + [\fB\-F\fR|\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR] + [\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR] + [\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\fR] + [\fB\-e\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR] + [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR|\fB\-\-headers\fR] + [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-info\fR] + [\fB\-j\fR \fIsection\fR|\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIsection\fR] + [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR] + [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-source\fR] + [\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR|\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR] + [\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR] + [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR] + [\fB\-P\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-private=\fR\fIoptions\fR] + [\fB\-r\fR|\fB\-\-reloc\fR] + [\fB\-R\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR] + [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR] + [\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]\fR| + \fB\-\-dwarf\fR[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]] + [\fB\-G\fR|\fB\-\-stabs\fR] + [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-syms\fR] + [\fB\-T\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR] + [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR] + [\fB\-w\fR|\fB\-\-wide\fR] + [\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR] + [\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR] + [\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR] + [\fB\-\-[no\-]show\-raw\-insn\fR] + [\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR] + [\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR] + [\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR] + [\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR] + [\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR] + [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [\fB\-H\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] + \fIobjfile\fR... +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBobjdump\fR displays information about one or more object files. +The options control what particular information to display. This +information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the +compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their +program to compile and work. +.PP +\&\fIobjfile\fR... are the object files to be examined. When you +specify archives, \fBobjdump\fR shows information on each of the member +object files. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. At least one option from the list +\&\fB\-a,\-d,\-D,\-e,\-f,\-g,\-G,\-h,\-H,\-p,\-P,\-r,\-R,\-s,\-S,\-t,\-T,\-V,\-x\fR must be given. +.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-a" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-archive\-header\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--archive-header" +.PD +If any of the \fIobjfile\fR files are archives, display the archive +header information (in a format similar to \fBls \-l\fR). Besides the +information you could list with \fBar tv\fR, \fBobjdump \-a\fR shows +the object file format of each archive member. +.IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--adjust-vma=offset" +When dumping information, first add \fIoffset\fR to all the section +addresses. This is useful if the section addresses do not correspond to +the symbol table, which can happen when putting sections at particular +addresses when using a format which can not represent section addresses, +such as a.out. +.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-b bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target=bfdname" +.PD +Specify that the object-code format for the object files is +\&\fIbfdname\fR. This option may not be necessary; \fIobjdump\fR can +automatically recognize many formats. +.Sp +For example, +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& objdump \-b oasys \-m vax \-h fu.o +.Ve +.Sp +displays summary information from the section headers (\fB\-h\fR) of +\&\fIfu.o\fR, which is explicitly identified (\fB\-m\fR) as a \s-1VAX\s0 object +file in the format produced by Oasys compilers. You can list the +formats available with the \fB\-i\fR option. +.IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-C" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-demangle[=\fR\fIstyle\fR\fB]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--demangle[=style]" +.PD +Decode (\fIdemangle\fR) low-level symbol names into user-level names. +Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this +makes \*(C+ function names readable. Different compilers have different +mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to +choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. +.IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-g" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-debugging\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--debugging" +.PD +Display debugging information. This attempts to parse \s-1STABS\s0 and \s-1IEEE\s0 +debugging format information stored in the file and print it out using +a C like syntax. If neither of these formats are found this option +falls back on the \fB\-W\fR option to print any \s-1DWARF\s0 information in +the file. +.IP "\fB\-e\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-e" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--debugging-tags" +.PD +Like \fB\-g\fR, but the information is generated in a format compatible +with ctags tool. +.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--disassemble" +.PD +Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from +\&\fIobjfile\fR. This option only disassembles those sections which are +expected to contain instructions. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--disassemble-all" +.PD +Like \fB\-d\fR, but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just +those expected to contain instructions. +.Sp +If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture this switch also has the effect +of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found in code +sections as if they were instructions. +.IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--prefix-addresses" +When disassembling, print the complete address on each line. This is +the older disassembly format. +.IP "\fB\-EB\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-EB" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-EL\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-EL" +.IP "\fB\-\-endian={big|little}\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--endian={big|little}" +.PD +Specify the endianness of the object files. This only affects +disassembly. This can be useful when disassembling a file format which +does not describe endianness information, such as S\-records. +.IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-f" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--file-headers" +.PD +Display summary information from the overall header of +each of the \fIobjfile\fR files. +.IP "\fB\-F\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-F" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--file-offsets" +.PD +When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also +display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be +dumped. If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly resumes, +tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file offset of the +location from where the disassembly resumes. When dumping sections, +display the file offset of the location from where the dump starts. +.IP "\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--file-start-context" +Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly +(assumes \fB\-S\fR) from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend the +context to the start of the file. +.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--section-headers" +.IP "\fB\-\-headers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--headers" +.PD +Display summary information from the section headers of the +object file. +.Sp +File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for example by +using the \fB\-Ttext\fR, \fB\-Tdata\fR, or \fB\-Tbss\fR options to +\&\fBld\fR. However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not +store the starting address of the file segments. In those situations, +although \fBld\fR relocates the sections correctly, using \fBobjdump +\&\-h\fR to list the file section headers cannot show the correct addresses. +Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which are implicit for the +target. +.IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-H" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Print a summary of the options to \fBobjdump\fR and exit. +.IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-i" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-info\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--info" +.PD +Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available +for specification with \fB\-b\fR or \fB\-m\fR. +.IP "\fB\-j\fR \fIname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-j name" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--section=name" +.PD +Display information only for section \fIname\fR. +.IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-l" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--line-numbers" +.PD +Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename and +source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs shown. +Only useful with \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-D\fR, or \fB\-r\fR. +.IP "\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-m machine" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--architecture=machine" +.PD +Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files. This +can be useful when disassembling object files which do not describe +architecture information, such as S\-records. You can list the available +architectures with the \fB\-i\fR option. +.Sp +If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch has an +additional effect. It restricts the disassembly to only those +instructions supported by the architecture specified by \fImachine\fR. +If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does not +contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to +disassemble all the instructions use \fB\-marm\fR. +.IP "\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-M options" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--disassembler-options=options" +.PD +Pass target specific information to the disassembler. Only supported on +some targets. If it is necessary to specify more than one +disassembler option then multiple \fB\-M\fR options can be used or +can be placed together into a comma separated list. +.Sp +If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch can be used to +select which register name set is used during disassembler. Specifying +\&\fB\-M reg-names-std\fR (the default) will select the register names as +used in \s-1ARM\s0's instruction set documentation, but with register 13 called +\&'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register 15 called 'pc'. Specifying +\&\fB\-M reg-names-apcs\fR will select the name set used by the \s-1ARM\s0 +Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying \fB\-M reg-names-raw\fR will +just use \fBr\fR followed by the register number. +.Sp +There are also two variants on the \s-1APCS\s0 register naming scheme enabled +by \fB\-M reg-names-atpcs\fR and \fB\-M reg-names-special-atpcs\fR which +use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming conventions. (Either +with the normal register names or the special register names). +.Sp +This option can also be used for \s-1ARM\s0 architectures to force the +disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by +using the switch \fB\-\-disassembler\-options=force\-thumb\fR. This can be +useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other +compilers. +.Sp +For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the \fB\-m\fR +switch, but allow finer grained control. Multiple selections from the +following may be specified as a comma separated string. +\&\fBx86\-64\fR, \fBi386\fR and \fBi8086\fR select disassembly for +the given architecture. \fBintel\fR and \fBatt\fR select between +intel syntax mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 syntax mode. +\&\fBintel-mnemonic\fR and \fBatt-mnemonic\fR select between +intel mnemonic mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 mnemonic mode. \fBintel-mnemonic\fR +implies \fBintel\fR and \fBatt-mnemonic\fR implies \fBatt\fR. +\&\fBaddr64\fR, \fBaddr32\fR, +\&\fBaddr16\fR, \fBdata32\fR and \fBdata16\fR specify the default +address size and operand size. These four options will be overridden if +\&\fBx86\-64\fR, \fBi386\fR or \fBi8086\fR appear later in the +option string. Lastly, \fBsuffix\fR, when in \s-1AT&T\s0 mode, +instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the +suffix could be inferred by the operands. +.Sp +For PowerPC, \fBbooke\fR controls the disassembly of BookE +instructions. \fB32\fR and \fB64\fR select PowerPC and +PowerPC64 disassembly, respectively. \fBe300\fR selects +disassembly for the e300 family. \fB440\fR selects disassembly for +the PowerPC 440. \fBppcps\fR selects disassembly for the paired +single instructions of the \s-1PPC750CL.\s0 +.Sp +For \s-1MIPS,\s0 this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic +names and register names in disassembled instructions. Multiple +selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated +string, and invalid options are ignored: +.RS 4 +.ie n .IP """no\-aliases""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWno\-aliases\fR" 4 +.IX Item "no-aliases" +Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo +instruction mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move', +\&'sll' instead of 'nop', etc. +.ie n .IP """msa""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWmsa\fR" 4 +.IX Item "msa" +Disassemble \s-1MSA\s0 instructions. +.ie n .IP """virt""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWvirt\fR" 4 +.IX Item "virt" +Disassemble the virtualization \s-1ASE\s0 instructions. +.ie n .IP """xpa""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWxpa\fR" 4 +.IX Item "xpa" +Disassemble the eXtended Physical Address (\s-1XPA\s0) \s-1ASE\s0 instructions. +.ie n .IP """gpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWgpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4 +.IX Item "gpr-names=ABI" +Print \s-1GPR \s0(general-purpose register) names as appropriate +for the specified \s-1ABI. \s0 By default, \s-1GPR\s0 names are selected according to +the \s-1ABI\s0 of the binary being disassembled. +.ie n .IP """fpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWfpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4 +.IX Item "fpr-names=ABI" +Print \s-1FPR \s0(floating-point register) names as +appropriate for the specified \s-1ABI. \s0 By default, \s-1FPR\s0 numbers are printed +rather than names. +.ie n .IP """cp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWcp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4 +.IX Item "cp0-names=ARCH" +Print \s-1CP0 \s0(system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register names +as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by +\&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR. By default, \s-1CP0\s0 register names are selected according to +the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled. +.ie n .IP """hwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWhwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4 +.IX Item "hwr-names=ARCH" +Print \s-1HWR \s0(hardware register, used by the \f(CW\*(C`rdhwr\*(C'\fR instruction) names +as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by +\&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR. By default, \s-1HWR\s0 names are selected according to +the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled. +.ie n .IP """reg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4 +.IX Item "reg-names=ABI" +Print \s-1GPR\s0 and \s-1FPR\s0 names as appropriate for the selected \s-1ABI.\s0 +.ie n .IP """reg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4 +.IX Item "reg-names=ARCH" +Print CPU-specific register names (\s-1CP0\s0 register and \s-1HWR\s0 names) +as appropriate for the selected \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture. +.RE +.RS 4 +.Sp +For any of the options listed above, \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR or +\&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR may be specified as \fBnumeric\fR to have numbers printed +rather than names, for the selected types of registers. +You can list the available values of \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR and \fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR using +the \fB\-\-help\fR option. +.Sp +For \s-1VAX,\s0 you can specify function entry addresses with \fB\-M +entry:0xf00ba\fR. You can use this multiple times to properly +disassemble \s-1VAX\s0 binary files that don't contain symbol tables (like +\&\s-1ROM\s0 dumps). In these cases, the function entry mask would otherwise +be decoded as \s-1VAX\s0 instructions, which would probably lead the rest +of the function being wrongly disassembled. +.RE +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--private-headers" +.PD +Print information that is specific to the object file format. The exact +information printed depends upon the object file format. For some +object file formats, no additional information is printed. +.IP "\fB\-P\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-P options" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-private=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--private=options" +.PD +Print information that is specific to the object file format. The +argument \fIoptions\fR is a comma separated list that depends on the +format (the lists of options is displayed with the help). +.Sp +For \s-1XCOFF,\s0 the available options are: \fBheader\fR, \fBaout\fR, +\&\fBsections\fR, \fBsyms\fR, \fBrelocs\fR, \fBlineno\fR, +\&\fBloader\fR, \fBexcept\fR, \fBtypchk\fR, \fBtraceback\fR, +\&\fBtoc\fR and \fBldinfo\fR. +.IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-r" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-reloc\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--reloc" +.PD +Print the relocation entries of the file. If used with \fB\-d\fR or +\&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the +disassembly. +.IP "\fB\-R\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-R" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dynamic-reloc" +.PD +Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file. This is only +meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared +libraries. As for \fB\-r\fR, if used with \fB\-d\fR or +\&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the +disassembly. +.IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-s" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--full-contents" +.PD +Display the full contents of any sections requested. By default all +non-empty sections are displayed. +.IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-S" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-source\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--source" +.PD +Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible. Implies +\&\fB\-d\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--prefix=prefix" +Specify \fIprefix\fR to add to the absolute paths when used with +\&\fB\-S\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--prefix-strip=level" +Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the hardwired +absolute paths. It has no effect without \fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--show-raw-insn" +When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as well as +in symbolic form. This is the default except when +\&\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used. +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-show-raw-insn" +When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction bytes. +This is the default when \fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used. +.IP "\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--insn-width=width" +Display \fIwidth\fR bytes on a single line when disassembling +instructions. +.IP "\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]" +.PD +Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are +present. If one of the optional letters or words follows the switch +then only data found in those specific sections will be dumped. +.Sp +Note that there is no single letter option to display the content of +trace sections or .gdb_index. +.Sp +Note: the output from the \fB=info\fR option can also be affected +by the options \fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR, the \fB\-\-dwarf\-start\fR and +the \fB\-\-dwarf\-check\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dwarf-depth=n" +Limit the dump of the \f(CW\*(C`.debug_info\*(C'\fR section to \fIn\fR children. +This is only useful with \fB\-\-dwarf=info\fR. The default is +to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for \fIn\fR will also have this +effect. +.Sp +With a non-zero value for \fIn\fR, DIEs at or deeper than \fIn\fR +levels will not be printed. The range for \fIn\fR is zero-based. +.IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dwarf-start=n" +Print only DIEs beginning with the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. This is only +useful with \fB\-\-dwarf=info\fR. +.Sp +If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header +information and all DIEs before the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. Only +siblings and children of the specified \s-1DIE\s0 will be printed. +.Sp +This can be used in conjunction with \fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-check\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dwarf-check" +Enable additional checks for consistency of Dwarf information. +.IP "\fB\-G\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-G" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-stabs\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--stabs" +.PD +Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the +contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an +\&\s-1ELF\s0 file. This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which +\&\f(CW\*(C`.stab\*(C'\fR debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an \s-1ELF\s0 +section. In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table entries are +interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the \fB\-\-syms\fR +output. +.IP "\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--start-address=address" +Start displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output +of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options. +.IP "\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--stop-address=address" +Stop displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output +of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options. +.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-syms\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--syms" +.PD +Print the symbol table entries of the file. +This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR program, +although the display format is different. The format of the output +depends upon the format of the file being dumped, but there are two main +types. One looks like this: +.Sp +.Vb 2 +\& [ 4](sec 3)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss +\& [ 6](sec 1)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred +.Ve +.Sp +where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the entry +in the symbol table, the \fIsec\fR number is the section number, the +\&\fIfl\fR value are the symbol's flag bits, the \fIty\fR number is the +symbol's type, the \fIscl\fR number is the symbol's storage class and +the \fInx\fR value is the number of auxilary entries associated with +the symbol. The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name. +.Sp +The other common output format, usually seen with \s-1ELF\s0 based files, +looks like this: +.Sp +.Vb 2 +\& 00000000 l d .bss 00000000 .bss +\& 00000000 g .text 00000000 fred +.Ve +.Sp +Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to as +its address). The next field is actually a set of characters and +spaces indicating the flag bits that are set on the symbol. These +characters are described below. Next is the section with which the +symbol is associated or \fI*ABS*\fR if the section is absolute (ie +not connected with any section), or \fI*UND*\fR if the section is +referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined there. +.Sp +After the section name comes another field, a number, which for common +symbols is the alignment and for other symbol is the size. Finally +the symbol's name is displayed. +.Sp +The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows: +.RS 4 +.ie n .IP """l""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWl\fR" 4 +.IX Item "l" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """g""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWg\fR" 4 +.IX Item "g" +.ie n .IP """u""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWu\fR" 4 +.IX Item "u" +.ie n .IP """!""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CW!\fR" 4 +.IX Item "!" +.PD +The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), neither +global nor local (a space) or both global and local (!). A +symbol can be neither local or global for a variety of reasons, e.g., +because it is used for debugging, but it is probably an indication of +a bug if it is ever both local and global. Unique global symbols are +a \s-1GNU\s0 extension to the standard set of \s-1ELF\s0 symbol bindings. For such +a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process +there is just one symbol with this name and type in use. +.ie n .IP """w""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWw\fR" 4 +.IX Item "w" +The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space). +.ie n .IP """C""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWC\fR" 4 +.IX Item "C" +The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a space). +.ie n .IP """W""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWW\fR" 4 +.IX Item "W" +The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space). A warning +symbol's name is a message to be displayed if the symbol following the +warning symbol is ever referenced. +.ie n .IP """I""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWI\fR" 4 +.IX Item "I" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """i""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWi\fR" 4 +.IX Item "i" +.PD +The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a function +to be evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a normal symbol (a +space). +.ie n .IP """d""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWd\fR" 4 +.IX Item "d" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """D""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWD\fR" 4 +.IX Item "D" +.PD +The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) or a +normal symbol (a space). +.ie n .IP """F""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWF\fR" 4 +.IX Item "F" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP """f""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWf\fR" 4 +.IX Item "f" +.ie n .IP """O""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWO\fR" 4 +.IX Item "O" +.PD +The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an object +(O) or just a normal symbol (a space). +.RE +.RS 4 +.RE +.IP "\fB\-T\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-T" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dynamic-syms" +.PD +Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file. This is only +meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared +libraries. This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR +program when given the \fB\-D\fR (\fB\-\-dynamic\fR) option. +.IP "\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--special-syms" +When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to be +special in some way and which would not normally be of interest to the +user. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Print the version number of \fBobjdump\fR and exit. +.IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-x" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--all-headers" +.PD +Display all available header information, including the symbol table and +relocation entries. Using \fB\-x\fR is equivalent to specifying all of +\&\fB\-a \-f \-h \-p \-r \-t\fR. +.IP "\fB\-w\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-w" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-wide\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--wide" +.PD +Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 columns. +Also do not truncate symbol names when they are displayed. +.IP "\fB\-z\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-z" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--disassemble-zeroes" +.PD +Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes. This +option directs the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just like +any other data. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fInm\fR\|(1), \fIreadelf\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/ranlib.1 b/binutils/doc/ranlib.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..607af53 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/ranlib.1 @@ -0,0 +1,227 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "RANLIB 1" +.TH RANLIB 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +ranlib \- generate index to archive. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +ranlib [\fB\-\-plugin\fR \fIname\fR] [\fB\-DhHvVt\fR] \fIarchive\fR +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBranlib\fR generates an index to the contents of an archive and +stores it in the archive. The index lists each symbol defined by a +member of an archive that is a relocatable object file. +.PP +You may use \fBnm \-s\fR or \fBnm \-\-print\-armap\fR to list this index. +.PP +An archive with such an index speeds up linking to the library and +allows routines in the library to call each other without regard to +their placement in the archive. +.PP +The \s-1GNU \s0\fBranlib\fR program is another form of \s-1GNU \s0\fBar\fR; running +\&\fBranlib\fR is completely equivalent to executing \fBar \-s\fR. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-H" +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Show usage information for \fBranlib\fR. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Show the version number of \fBranlib\fR. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D" +Operate in \fIdeterministic\fR mode. The symbol map archive member's +header will show zero for the \s-1UID, GID,\s0 and timestamp. When this +option is used, multiple runs will produce identical output files. +.Sp +If \fIbinutils\fR was configured with +\&\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR, then this mode is on by +default. It can be disabled with the \fB\-U\fR option, described +below. +.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t" +Update the timestamp of the symbol map of an archive. +.IP "\fB\-U\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-U" +Do \fInot\fR operate in \fIdeterministic\fR mode. This is the +inverse of the \fB\-D\fR option, above: the archive index will get +actual \s-1UID, GID,\s0 timestamp, and file mode values. +.Sp +If \fIbinutils\fR was configured \fIwithout\fR +\&\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR, then this mode is on by +default. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fIar\fR\|(1), \fInm\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/readelf.1 b/binutils/doc/readelf.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..71b97b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/readelf.1 @@ -0,0 +1,457 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "READELF 1" +.TH READELF 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +readelf \- Displays information about ELF files. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +readelf [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-all\fR] + [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-file\-header\fR] + [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-program\-headers\fR|\fB\-\-segments\fR] + [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR|\fB\-\-sections\fR] + [\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-\-section\-groups\fR] + [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-section\-details\fR] + [\fB\-e\fR|\fB\-\-headers\fR] + [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-syms\fR|\fB\-\-symbols\fR] + [\fB\-\-dyn\-syms\fR] + [\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-\-notes\fR] + [\fB\-r\fR|\fB\-\-relocs\fR] + [\fB\-u\fR|\fB\-\-unwind\fR] + [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\fR] + [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\-info\fR] + [\fB\-A\fR|\fB\-\-arch\-specific\fR] + [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-use\-dynamic\fR] + [\fB\-x\fR <number or name>|\fB\-\-hex\-dump=\fR<number or name>] + [\fB\-p\fR <number or name>|\fB\-\-string\-dump=\fR<number or name>] + [\fB\-R\fR <number or name>|\fB\-\-relocated\-dump=\fR<number or name>] + [\fB\-c\fR|\fB\-\-archive\-index\fR] + [\fB\-w[lLiaprmfFsoRt]\fR| + \fB\-\-debug\-dump\fR[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]] + [\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR] + [\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR] + [\fB\-I\fR|\fB\-\-histogram\fR] + [\fB\-v\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [\fB\-W\fR|\fB\-\-wide\fR] + [\fB\-H\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] + \fIelffile\fR... +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBreadelf\fR displays information about one or more \s-1ELF\s0 format object +files. The options control what particular information to display. +.PP +\&\fIelffile\fR... are the object files to be examined. 32\-bit and +64\-bit \s-1ELF\s0 files are supported, as are archives containing \s-1ELF\s0 files. +.PP +This program performs a similar function to \fBobjdump\fR but it +goes into more detail and it exists independently of the \s-1BFD\s0 +library, so if there is a bug in \s-1BFD\s0 then readelf will not be +affected. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are +equivalent. At least one option besides \fB\-v\fR or \fB\-H\fR must be +given. +.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-a" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-all\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--all" +.PD +Equivalent to specifying \fB\-\-file\-header\fR, +\&\fB\-\-program\-headers\fR, \fB\-\-sections\fR, \fB\-\-symbols\fR, +\&\fB\-\-relocs\fR, \fB\-\-dynamic\fR, \fB\-\-notes\fR and +\&\fB\-\-version\-info\fR. +.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-file\-header\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--file-header" +.PD +Displays the information contained in the \s-1ELF\s0 header at the start of the +file. +.IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-l" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-program\-headers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--program-headers" +.IP "\fB\-\-segments\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--segments" +.PD +Displays the information contained in the file's segment headers, if it +has any. +.IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-S" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-sections\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--sections" +.IP "\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--section-headers" +.PD +Displays the information contained in the file's section headers, if it +has any. +.IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-g" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-section\-groups\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--section-groups" +.PD +Displays the information contained in the file's section groups, if it +has any. +.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-section\-details\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--section-details" +.PD +Displays the detailed section information. Implies \fB\-S\fR. +.IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-s" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-symbols\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--symbols" +.IP "\fB\-\-syms\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--syms" +.PD +Displays the entries in symbol table section of the file, if it has one. +.IP "\fB\-\-dyn\-syms\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dyn-syms" +Displays the entries in dynamic symbol table section of the file, if it +has one. +.IP "\fB\-e\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-e" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-headers\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--headers" +.PD +Display all the headers in the file. Equivalent to \fB\-h \-l \-S\fR. +.IP "\fB\-n\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-n" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-notes\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--notes" +.PD +Displays the contents of the \s-1NOTE\s0 segments and/or sections, if any. +.IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-r" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-relocs\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--relocs" +.PD +Displays the contents of the file's relocation section, if it has one. +.IP "\fB\-u\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-u" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-unwind\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--unwind" +.PD +Displays the contents of the file's unwind section, if it has one. Only +the unwind sections for \s-1IA64 ELF\s0 files, as well as \s-1ARM\s0 unwind tables +(\f(CW\*(C`.ARM.exidx\*(C'\fR / \f(CW\*(C`.ARM.extab\*(C'\fR) are currently supported. +.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dynamic" +.PD +Displays the contents of the file's dynamic section, if it has one. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\-info\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version-info" +.PD +Displays the contents of the version sections in the file, it they +exist. +.IP "\fB\-A\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-A" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-arch\-specific\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--arch-specific" +.PD +Displays architecture-specific information in the file, if there +is any. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-use\-dynamic\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--use-dynamic" +.PD +When displaying symbols, this option makes \fBreadelf\fR use the +symbol hash tables in the file's dynamic section, rather than the +symbol table sections. +.IP "\fB\-x <number or name>\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-x <number or name>" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-hex\-dump=<number or name>\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--hex-dump=<number or name>" +.PD +Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes. +A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; +any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file. +.IP "\fB\-R <number or name>\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-R <number or name>" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-relocated\-dump=<number or name>\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--relocated-dump=<number or name>" +.PD +Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal +bytes. A number identifies a particular section by index in the +section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name +in the object file. The contents of the section will be relocated +before they are displayed. +.IP "\fB\-p <number or name>\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p <number or name>" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-string\-dump=<number or name>\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--string-dump=<number or name>" +.PD +Displays the contents of the indicated section as printable strings. +A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; +any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file. +.IP "\fB\-c\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-c" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-archive\-index\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--archive-index" +.PD +Displays the file symbol index information contained in the header part +of binary archives. Performs the same function as the \fBt\fR +command to \fBar\fR, but without using the \s-1BFD\s0 library. +.IP "\fB\-w[lLiaprmfFsoRt]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-w[lLiaprmfFsoRt]" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-debug\-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]" +.PD +Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are +present. If one of the optional letters or words follows the switch +then only data found in those specific sections will be dumped. +.Sp +Note that there is no single letter option to display the content of +trace sections or .gdb_index. +.Sp +Note: the \fB=decodedline\fR option will display the interpreted +contents of a .debug_line section whereas the \fB=rawline\fR option +dumps the contents in a raw format. +.Sp +Note: the \fB=frames\-interp\fR option will display the interpreted +contents of a .debug_frame section whereas the \fB=frames\fR option +dumps the contents in a raw format. +.Sp +Note: the output from the \fB=info\fR option can also be affected +by the options \fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR and \fB\-\-dwarf\-start\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dwarf-depth=n" +Limit the dump of the \f(CW\*(C`.debug_info\*(C'\fR section to \fIn\fR children. +This is only useful with \fB\-\-debug\-dump=info\fR. The default is +to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for \fIn\fR will also have this +effect. +.Sp +With a non-zero value for \fIn\fR, DIEs at or deeper than \fIn\fR +levels will not be printed. The range for \fIn\fR is zero-based. +.IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--dwarf-start=n" +Print only DIEs beginning with the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. This is only +useful with \fB\-\-debug\-dump=info\fR. +.Sp +If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header +information and all DIEs before the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. Only +siblings and children of the specified \s-1DIE\s0 will be printed. +.Sp +This can be used in conjunction with \fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR. +.IP "\fB\-I\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-I" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-histogram\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--histogram" +.PD +Display a histogram of bucket list lengths when displaying the contents +of the symbol tables. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Display the version number of readelf. +.IP "\fB\-W\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-W" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-wide\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--wide" +.PD +Don't break output lines to fit into 80 columns. By default +\&\fBreadelf\fR breaks section header and segment listing lines for +64\-bit \s-1ELF\s0 files, so that they fit into 80 columns. This option causes +\&\fBreadelf\fR to print each section header resp. each segment one a +single line, which is far more readable on terminals wider than 80 columns. +.IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-H" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Display the command line options understood by \fBreadelf\fR. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fIobjdump\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/size.1 b/binutils/doc/size.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3b3411a --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/size.1 @@ -0,0 +1,275 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "SIZE 1" +.TH SIZE 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +size \- list section sizes and total size. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +size [\fB\-A\fR|\fB\-B\fR|\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIcompatibility\fR] + [\fB\-\-help\fR] + [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-o\fR|\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fInumber\fR] + [\fB\-\-common\fR] + [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-totals\fR] + [\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [\fIobjfile\fR...] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +The \s-1GNU \s0\fBsize\fR utility lists the section sizes\-\-\-and the total +size\-\-\-for each of the object or archive files \fIobjfile\fR in its +argument list. By default, one line of output is generated for each +object file or each module in an archive. +.PP +\&\fIobjfile\fR... are the object files to be examined. +If none are specified, the file \f(CW\*(C`a.out\*(C'\fR will be used. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +The command line options have the following meanings: +.IP "\fB\-A\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-A" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-B\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-B" +.IP "\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIcompatibility\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--format=compatibility" +.PD +Using one of these options, you can choose whether the output from \s-1GNU +\&\s0\fBsize\fR resembles output from System V \fBsize\fR (using \fB\-A\fR, +or \fB\-\-format=sysv\fR), or Berkeley \fBsize\fR (using \fB\-B\fR, or +\&\fB\-\-format=berkeley\fR). The default is the one-line format similar to +Berkeley's. +.Sp +Here is an example of the Berkeley (default) format of output from +\&\fBsize\fR: +.Sp +.Vb 4 +\& $ size \-\-format=Berkeley ranlib size +\& text data bss dec hex filename +\& 294880 81920 11592 388392 5ed28 ranlib +\& 294880 81920 11888 388688 5ee50 size +.Ve +.Sp +This is the same data, but displayed closer to System V conventions: +.Sp +.Vb 7 +\& $ size \-\-format=SysV ranlib size +\& ranlib : +\& section size addr +\& .text 294880 8192 +\& .data 81920 303104 +\& .bss 11592 385024 +\& Total 388392 +\& +\& +\& size : +\& section size addr +\& .text 294880 8192 +\& .data 81920 303104 +\& .bss 11888 385024 +\& Total 388688 +.Ve +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +Show a summary of acceptable arguments and options. +.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-o\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-o" +.IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-x" +.IP "\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fInumber\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--radix=number" +.PD +Using one of these options, you can control whether the size of each +section is given in decimal (\fB\-d\fR, or \fB\-\-radix=10\fR); octal +(\fB\-o\fR, or \fB\-\-radix=8\fR); or hexadecimal (\fB\-x\fR, or +\&\fB\-\-radix=16\fR). In \fB\-\-radix=\fR\fInumber\fR, only the three +values (8, 10, 16) are supported. The total size is always given in two +radices; decimal and hexadecimal for \fB\-d\fR or \fB\-x\fR output, or +octal and hexadecimal if you're using \fB\-o\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-common\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--common" +Print total size of common symbols in each file. When using Berkeley +format these are included in the bss size. +.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-totals\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--totals" +.PD +Show totals of all objects listed (Berkeley format listing mode only). +.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target=bfdname" +Specify that the object-code format for \fIobjfile\fR is +\&\fIbfdname\fR. This option may not be necessary; \fBsize\fR can +automatically recognize many formats. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Display the version number of \fBsize\fR. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fIar\fR\|(1), \fIobjdump\fR\|(1), \fIreadelf\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/strings.1 b/binutils/doc/strings.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..516957f --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/strings.1 @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "STRINGS 1" +.TH STRINGS 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +strings \- print the strings of printable characters in files. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +strings [\fB\-afovV\fR] [\fB\-\fR\fImin-len\fR] + [\fB\-n\fR \fImin-len\fR] [\fB\-\-bytes=\fR\fImin-len\fR] + [\fB\-t\fR \fIradix\fR] [\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fIradix\fR] + [\fB\-e\fR \fIencoding\fR] [\fB\-\-encoding=\fR\fIencoding\fR] + [\fB\-\fR] [\fB\-\-all\fR] [\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fR] + [\fB\-T\fR \fIbfdname\fR] [\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-w\fR] [\fB\-\-include\-all\-whitespace\fR] + [\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-\-version\fR] \fIfile\fR... +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +For each \fIfile\fR given, \s-1GNU \s0\fBstrings\fR prints the +printable character sequences that are at least 4 characters long (or +the number given with the options below) and are followed by an +unprintable character. +.PP +Depending upon how the strings program was configured it will default +to either displaying all the printable sequences that it can find in +each file, or only those sequences that are in loadable, initialized +data sections. If the file type in unrecognizable, or if strings is +reading from stdin then it will always display all of the printable +sequences that it can find. +.PP +For backwards compatibility any file that occurs after a command line +option of just \fB\-\fR will also be scanned in full, regardless of +the presence of any \fB\-d\fR option. +.PP +\&\fBstrings\fR is mainly useful for determining the contents of +non-text files. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-a" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-all\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--all" +.IP "\fB\-\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-" +.PD +Scan the whole file, regardless of what sections it contains or +whether those sections are loaded or initialized. Normally this is +the default behaviour, but strings can be configured so that the +\&\fB\-d\fR is the default instead. +.Sp +The \fB\-\fR option is position dependent and forces strings to +perform full scans of any file that is mentioned after the \fB\-\fR +on the command line, even if the \fB\-d\fR option has been +specified. +.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-data\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--data" +.PD +Only print strings from initialized, loaded data sections in the +file. This may reduce the amount of garbage in the output, but it +also exposes the strings program to any security flaws that may be +present in the \s-1BFD\s0 library used to scan and load sections. Strings +can be configured so that this option is the default behaviour. In +such cases the \fB\-a\fR option can be used to avoid using the \s-1BFD\s0 +library and instead just print all of the strings found in the file. +.IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-f" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--print-file-name" +.PD +Print the name of the file before each string. +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +Print a summary of the program usage on the standard output and exit. +.IP "\fB\-\fR\fImin-len\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-min-len" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-n\fR \fImin-len\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-n min-len" +.IP "\fB\-\-bytes=\fR\fImin-len\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--bytes=min-len" +.PD +Print sequences of characters that are at least \fImin-len\fR characters +long, instead of the default 4. +.IP "\fB\-o\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-o" +Like \fB\-t o\fR. Some other versions of \fBstrings\fR have \fB\-o\fR +act like \fB\-t d\fR instead. Since we can not be compatible with both +ways, we simply chose one. +.IP "\fB\-t\fR \fIradix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t radix" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fIradix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--radix=radix" +.PD +Print the offset within the file before each string. The single +character argument specifies the radix of the offset\-\-\-\fBo\fR for +octal, \fBx\fR for hexadecimal, or \fBd\fR for decimal. +.IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIencoding\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-e encoding" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-encoding=\fR\fIencoding\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--encoding=encoding" +.PD +Select the character encoding of the strings that are to be found. +Possible values for \fIencoding\fR are: \fBs\fR = single\-7\-bit\-byte +characters (\s-1ASCII, ISO 8859,\s0 etc., default), \fBS\fR = +single\-8\-bit\-byte characters, \fBb\fR = 16\-bit bigendian, \fBl\fR = +16\-bit littleendian, \fBB\fR = 32\-bit bigendian, \fBL\fR = 32\-bit +littleendian. Useful for finding wide character strings. (\fBl\fR +and \fBb\fR apply to, for example, Unicode \s-1UTF\-16/UCS\-2\s0 encodings). +.IP "\fB\-T\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-T bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target=bfdname" +.PD +Specify an object code format other than your system's default format. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Print the program version number on the standard output and exit. +.IP "\fB\-w\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-w" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-include\-all\-whitespace\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--include-all-whitespace" +.PD +By default tab and space characters are included in the strings that +are displayed, but other whitespace characters, such a newlines and +carriage returns, are not. The \fB\-w\fR option changes this so +that all whitespace characters are considered to be part of a string. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fIar\fR\|(1), \fInm\fR\|(1), \fIobjdump\fR\|(1), \fIranlib\fR\|(1), \fIreadelf\fR\|(1) +and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/strip.1 b/binutils/doc/strip.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e42487c --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/strip.1 @@ -0,0 +1,436 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "STRIP 1" +.TH STRIP 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +strip \- Discard symbols from object files. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +strip [\fB\-F\fR \fIbfdname\fR |\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-I\fR \fIbfdname\fR |\fB\-\-input\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-O\fR \fIbfdname\fR |\fB\-\-output\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] + [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-strip\-all\fR] + [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-strip\-debug\fR] + [\fB\-\-strip\-dwo\fR] + [\fB\-K\fR \fIsymbolname\fR |\fB\-\-keep\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-N\fR \fIsymbolname\fR |\fB\-\-strip\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR] + [\fB\-w\fR|\fB\-\-wildcard\fR] + [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-discard\-all\fR] [\fB\-X\fR |\fB\-\-discard\-locals\fR] + [\fB\-R\fR \fIsectionname\fR |\fB\-\-remove\-section=\fR\fIsectionname\fR] + [\fB\-o\fR \fIfile\fR] [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-preserve\-dates\fR] + [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR] + [\fB\-U\fR|\fB\-\-disable\-deterministic\-archives\fR] + [\fB\-\-keep\-file\-symbols\fR] + [\fB\-\-only\-keep\-debug\fR] + [\fB\-v\fR |\fB\-\-verbose\fR] [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] + [\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-\-info\fR] + \fIobjfile\fR... +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\s-1GNU \s0\fBstrip\fR discards all symbols from object files +\&\fIobjfile\fR. The list of object files may include archives. +At least one object file must be given. +.PP +\&\fBstrip\fR modifies the files named in its argument, +rather than writing modified copies under different names. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-F\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-F bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target=bfdname" +.PD +Treat the original \fIobjfile\fR as a file with the object +code format \fIbfdname\fR, and rewrite it in the same format. +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +Show a summary of the options to \fBstrip\fR and exit. +.IP "\fB\-\-info\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--info" +Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available. +.IP "\fB\-I\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-I bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-input\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input-target=bfdname" +.PD +Treat the original \fIobjfile\fR as a file with the object +code format \fIbfdname\fR. +.IP "\fB\-O\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-O bfdname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-target=bfdname" +.PD +Replace \fIobjfile\fR with a file in the output format \fIbfdname\fR. +.IP "\fB\-R\fR \fIsectionname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-R sectionname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-remove\-section=\fR\fIsectionname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--remove-section=sectionname" +.PD +Remove any section named \fIsectionname\fR from the output file. This +option may be given more than once. Note that using this option +inappropriately may make the output file unusable. The wildcard +character \fB*\fR may be given at the end of \fIsectionname\fR. If +so, then any section starting with \fIsectionname\fR will be removed. +.IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-s" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-all\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-all" +.PD +Remove all symbols. +.IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-g" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-S" +.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d" +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-debug\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-debug" +.PD +Remove debugging symbols only. +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-dwo\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-dwo" +Remove the contents of all \s-1DWARF \s0.dwo sections, leaving the +remaining debugging sections and all symbols intact. +See the description of this option in the \fBobjcopy\fR section +for more information. +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-unneeded" +Remove all symbols that are not needed for relocation processing. +.IP "\fB\-K\fR \fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-K symbolname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-keep\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--keep-symbol=symbolname" +.PD +When stripping symbols, keep symbol \fIsymbolname\fR even if it would +normally be stripped. This option may be given more than once. +.IP "\fB\-N\fR \fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-N symbolname" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-symbol=\fR\fIsymbolname\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--strip-symbol=symbolname" +.PD +Remove symbol \fIsymbolname\fR from the source file. This option may be +given more than once, and may be combined with strip options other than +\&\fB\-K\fR. +.IP "\fB\-o\fR \fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-o file" +Put the stripped output in \fIfile\fR, rather than replacing the +existing file. When this argument is used, only one \fIobjfile\fR +argument may be specified. +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-preserve\-dates\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--preserve-dates" +.PD +Preserve the access and modification dates of the file. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--enable-deterministic-archives" +.PD +Operate in \fIdeterministic\fR mode. When copying archive members +and writing the archive index, use zero for UIDs, GIDs, timestamps, +and use consistent file modes for all files. +.Sp +If \fIbinutils\fR was configured with +\&\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR, then this mode is on by default. +It can be disabled with the \fB\-U\fR option, below. +.IP "\fB\-U\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-U" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-disable\-deterministic\-archives\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--disable-deterministic-archives" +.PD +Do \fInot\fR operate in \fIdeterministic\fR mode. This is the +inverse of the \fB\-D\fR option, above: when copying archive members +and writing the archive index, use their actual \s-1UID, GID,\s0 timestamp, +and file mode values. +.Sp +This is the default unless \fIbinutils\fR was configured with +\&\fB\-\-enable\-deterministic\-archives\fR. +.IP "\fB\-w\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-w" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-wildcard\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--wildcard" +.PD +Permit regular expressions in \fIsymbolname\fRs used in other command +line options. The question mark (?), asterisk (*), backslash (\e) and +square brackets ([]) operators can be used anywhere in the symbol +name. If the first character of the symbol name is the exclamation +point (!) then the sense of the switch is reversed for that symbol. +For example: +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& \-w \-K !foo \-K fo* +.Ve +.Sp +would cause strip to only keep symbols that start with the letters +\&\*(L"fo\*(R", but to discard the symbol \*(L"foo\*(R". +.IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-x" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-discard\-all\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--discard-all" +.PD +Remove non-global symbols. +.IP "\fB\-X\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-X" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-discard\-locals\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--discard-locals" +.PD +Remove compiler-generated local symbols. +(These usually start with \fBL\fR or \fB.\fR.) +.IP "\fB\-\-keep\-file\-symbols\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--keep-file-symbols" +When stripping a file, perhaps with \fB\-\-strip\-debug\fR or +\&\fB\-\-strip\-unneeded\fR, retain any symbols specifying source file names, +which would otherwise get stripped. +.IP "\fB\-\-only\-keep\-debug\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--only-keep-debug" +Strip a file, removing contents of any sections that would not be +stripped by \fB\-\-strip\-debug\fR and leaving the debugging sections +intact. In \s-1ELF\s0 files, this preserves all note sections in the output. +.Sp +The intention is that this option will be used in conjunction with +\&\fB\-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink\fR to create a two part executable. One a +stripped binary which will occupy less space in \s-1RAM\s0 and in a +distribution and the second a debugging information file which is only +needed if debugging abilities are required. The suggested procedure +to create these files is as follows: +.RS 4 +.IP "1.<Link the executable as normal. Assuming that is is called>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Link the executable as normal. Assuming that is is called>" +\&\f(CW\*(C`foo\*(C'\fR then... +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-only\-keep\-debug foo foo.dbg"" to>" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-only\-keep\-debug foo foo.dbg\fR to>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --only-keep-debug foo foo.dbg to>" +create a file containing the debugging info. +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-strip\-debug foo"" to create a>" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-strip\-debug foo\fR to create a>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --strip-debug foo to create a>" +stripped executable. +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=foo.dbg foo"">" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=foo.dbg foo\fR>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.dbg foo>" +to add a link to the debugging info into the stripped executable. +.RE +.RS 4 +.Sp +Note\-\-\-the choice of \f(CW\*(C`.dbg\*(C'\fR as an extension for the debug info +file is arbitrary. Also the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-only\-keep\-debug\*(C'\fR step is +optional. You could instead do this: +.IP "1.<Link the executable as normal.>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Link the executable as normal.>" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP "1.<Copy ""foo"" to ""foo.full"">" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Copy \f(CWfoo\fR to \f(CWfoo.full\fR>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Copy foo to foo.full>" +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""strip \-\-strip\-debug foo"">" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWstrip \-\-strip\-debug foo\fR>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run strip --strip-debug foo>" +.ie n .IP "1.<Run ""objcopy \-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=foo.full foo"">" 4 +.el .IP "1.<Run \f(CWobjcopy \-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink=foo.full foo\fR>" 4 +.IX Item "1.<Run objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.full foo>" +.RE +.RS 4 +.PD +.Sp +i.e., the file pointed to by the \fB\-\-add\-gnu\-debuglink\fR can be the +full executable. It does not have to be a file created by the +\&\fB\-\-only\-keep\-debug\fR switch. +.Sp +Note\-\-\-this switch is only intended for use on fully linked files. It +does not make sense to use it on object files where the debugging +information may be incomplete. Besides the gnu_debuglink feature +currently only supports the presence of one filename containing +debugging information, not multiple filenames on a one-per-object-file +basis. +.RE +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Show the version number for \fBstrip\fR. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-verbose\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--verbose" +.PD +Verbose output: list all object files modified. In the case of +archives, \fBstrip \-v\fR lists all members of the archive. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/windmc.1 b/binutils/doc/windmc.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fca17d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/windmc.1 @@ -0,0 +1,360 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "WINDMC 1" +.TH WINDMC 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +windmc \- generates Windows message resources. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +windmc [options] input-file +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBwindmc\fR reads message definitions from an input file (.mc) and +translate them into a set of output files. The output files may be of +four kinds: +.ie n .IP """h""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWh\fR" 4 +.IX Item "h" +A C header file containing the message definitions. +.ie n .IP """rc""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWrc\fR" 4 +.IX Item "rc" +A resource file compilable by the \fBwindres\fR tool. +.ie n .IP """bin""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWbin\fR" 4 +.IX Item "bin" +One or more binary files containing the resource data for a specific +message language. +.ie n .IP """dbg""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWdbg\fR" 4 +.IX Item "dbg" +A C include file that maps message id's to their symbolic name. +.PP +The exact description of these different formats is available in +documentation from Microsoft. +.PP +When \fBwindmc\fR converts from the \f(CW\*(C`mc\*(C'\fR format to the \f(CW\*(C`bin\*(C'\fR +format, \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`h\*(C'\fR, and optional \f(CW\*(C`dbg\*(C'\fR it is acting like the +Windows Message Compiler. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-a" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-ascii_in\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--ascii_in" +.PD +Specifies that the input file specified is \s-1ASCII.\s0 This is the default +behaviour. +.IP "\fB\-A\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-A" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-ascii_out\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--ascii_out" +.PD +Specifies that messages in the output \f(CW\*(C`bin\*(C'\fR files should be in \s-1ASCII\s0 +format. +.IP "\fB\-b\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-b" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-binprefix\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--binprefix" +.PD +Specifies that \f(CW\*(C`bin\*(C'\fR filenames should have to be prefixed by the +basename of the source file. +.IP "\fB\-c\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-c" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-customflag\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--customflag" +.PD +Sets the customer bit in all message id's. +.IP "\fB\-C\fR \fIcodepage\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-C codepage" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-codepage_in\fR \fIcodepage\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--codepage_in codepage" +.PD +Sets the default codepage to be used to convert input file to \s-1UTF16.\s0 The +default is ocdepage 1252. +.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-decimal_values\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--decimal_values" +.PD +Outputs the constants in the header file in decimal. Default is using +hexadecimal output. +.IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIext\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-e ext" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-extension\fR \fIext\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--extension ext" +.PD +The extension for the header file. The default is .h extension. +.IP "\fB\-F\fR \fItarget\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-F target" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-target\fR \fItarget\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target target" +.PD +Specify the \s-1BFD\s0 format to use for a bin file as output. This +is a \s-1BFD\s0 target name; you can use the \fB\-\-help\fR option to see a list +of supported targets. Normally \fBwindmc\fR will use the default +format, which is the first one listed by the \fB\-\-help\fR option. +.IP "\fB\-h\fR \fIpath\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h path" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-headerdir\fR \fIpath\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--headerdir path" +.PD +The target directory of the generated header file. The default is the +current directory. +.IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-H" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Displays a list of command line options and then exits. +.IP "\fB\-m\fR \fIcharacters\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-m characters" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-maxlength\fR \fIcharacters\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--maxlength characters" +.PD +Instructs \fBwindmc\fR to generate a warning if the length +of any message exceeds the number specified. +.IP "\fB\-n\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-n" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-nullterminate\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--nullterminate" +.PD +Terminate message text in \f(CW\*(C`bin\*(C'\fR files by zero. By default they are +terminated by \s-1CR/LF.\s0 +.IP "\fB\-o\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-o" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-hresult_use\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--hresult_use" +.PD +Not yet implemented. Instructs \f(CW\*(C`windmc\*(C'\fR to generate an \s-1OLE2\s0 header +file, using \s-1HRESULT\s0 definitions. Status codes are used if the flag is not +specified. +.IP "\fB\-O\fR \fIcodepage\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-O codepage" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-codepage_out\fR \fIcodepage\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--codepage_out codepage" +.PD +Sets the default codepage to be used to output text files. The default +is ocdepage 1252. +.IP "\fB\-r\fR \fIpath\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-r path" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-rcdir\fR \fIpath\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--rcdir path" +.PD +The target directory for the generated \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR script and the generated +\&\f(CW\*(C`bin\*(C'\fR files that the resource compiler script includes. The default +is the current directory. +.IP "\fB\-u\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-u" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-unicode_in\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--unicode_in" +.PD +Specifies that the input file is \s-1UTF16.\s0 +.IP "\fB\-U\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-U" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-unicode_out\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--unicode_out" +.PD +Specifies that messages in the output \f(CW\*(C`bin\*(C'\fR file should be in \s-1UTF16\s0 +format. This is the default behaviour. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-verbose\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--verbose" +.PD +Enable verbose mode. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Prints the version number for \fBwindmc\fR. +.IP "\fB\-x\fR \fIpath\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-x path" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-xdgb\fR \fIpath\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--xdgb path" +.PD +The path of the \f(CW\*(C`dbg\*(C'\fR C include file that maps message id's to the +symbolic name. No such file is generated without specifying the switch. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". diff --git a/binutils/doc/windres.1 b/binutils/doc/windres.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dafbd56 --- /dev/null +++ b/binutils/doc/windres.1 @@ -0,0 +1,368 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ +. if \nF \{ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" +.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). +.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. +. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds #H 0 +. ds #V .8m +. ds #F .3m +. ds #[ \f1 +. ds #] \fP +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) +. ds #V .6m +. ds #F 0 +. ds #[ \& +. ds #] \& +.\} +. \" simple accents for nroff and troff +.if n \{\ +. ds ' \& +. ds ` \& +. ds ^ \& +. ds , \& +. ds ~ ~ +. ds / +.\} +.if t \{\ +. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" +. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' +. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' +. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' +. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' +.\} +. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents +.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' +.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' +.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] +.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' +.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' +.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] +.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] +.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e +.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E +. \" corrections for vroff +.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' +.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' +. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) +.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ +\{\ +. ds : e +. ds 8 ss +. ds o a +. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga +. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy +. ds th \o'bp' +. ds Th \o'LP' +. ds ae ae +. ds Ae AE +.\} +.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "WINDRES 1" +.TH WINDRES 1 "2014-12-23" "binutils-2.25" "GNU Development Tools" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +windres \- manipulate Windows resources. +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +windres [options] [input\-file] [output\-file] +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +\&\fBwindres\fR reads resources from an input file and copies them into +an output file. Either file may be in one of three formats: +.ie n .IP """rc""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWrc\fR" 4 +.IX Item "rc" +A text format read by the Resource Compiler. +.ie n .IP """res""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWres\fR" 4 +.IX Item "res" +A binary format generated by the Resource Compiler. +.ie n .IP """coff""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWcoff\fR" 4 +.IX Item "coff" +A \s-1COFF\s0 object or executable. +.PP +The exact description of these different formats is available in +documentation from Microsoft. +.PP +When \fBwindres\fR converts from the \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR format to the \f(CW\*(C`res\*(C'\fR +format, it is acting like the Windows Resource Compiler. When +\&\fBwindres\fR converts from the \f(CW\*(C`res\*(C'\fR format to the \f(CW\*(C`coff\*(C'\fR +format, it is acting like the Windows \f(CW\*(C`CVTRES\*(C'\fR program. +.PP +When \fBwindres\fR generates an \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file, the output is similar +but not identical to the format expected for the input. When an input +\&\f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file refers to an external filename, an output \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file +will instead include the file contents. +.PP +If the input or output format is not specified, \fBwindres\fR will +guess based on the file name, or, for the input file, the file contents. +A file with an extension of \fI.rc\fR will be treated as an \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR +file, a file with an extension of \fI.res\fR will be treated as a +\&\f(CW\*(C`res\*(C'\fR file, and a file with an extension of \fI.o\fR or +\&\fI.exe\fR will be treated as a \f(CW\*(C`coff\*(C'\fR file. +.PP +If no output file is specified, \fBwindres\fR will print the resources +in \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR format to standard output. +.PP +The normal use is for you to write an \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file, use \fBwindres\fR +to convert it to a \s-1COFF\s0 object file, and then link the \s-1COFF\s0 file into +your application. This will make the resources described in the +\&\f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file available to Windows. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-i\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-i filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-input\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input filename" +.PD +The name of the input file. If this option is not used, then +\&\fBwindres\fR will use the first non-option argument as the input file +name. If there are no non-option arguments, then \fBwindres\fR will +read from standard input. \fBwindres\fR can not read a \s-1COFF\s0 file from +standard input. +.IP "\fB\-o\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-o filename" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output filename" +.PD +The name of the output file. If this option is not used, then +\&\fBwindres\fR will use the first non-option argument, after any used +for the input file name, as the output file name. If there is no +non-option argument, then \fBwindres\fR will write to standard output. +\&\fBwindres\fR can not write a \s-1COFF\s0 file to standard output. Note, +for compatibility with \fBrc\fR the option \fB\-fo\fR is also +accepted, but its use is not recommended. +.IP "\fB\-J\fR \fIformat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-J format" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-input\-format\fR \fIformat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--input-format format" +.PD +The input format to read. \fIformat\fR may be \fBres\fR, \fBrc\fR, or +\&\fBcoff\fR. If no input format is specified, \fBwindres\fR will +guess, as described above. +.IP "\fB\-O\fR \fIformat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-O format" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-output\-format\fR \fIformat\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--output-format format" +.PD +The output format to generate. \fIformat\fR may be \fBres\fR, +\&\fBrc\fR, or \fBcoff\fR. If no output format is specified, +\&\fBwindres\fR will guess, as described above. +.IP "\fB\-F\fR \fItarget\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-F target" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-target\fR \fItarget\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--target target" +.PD +Specify the \s-1BFD\s0 format to use for a \s-1COFF\s0 file as input or output. This +is a \s-1BFD\s0 target name; you can use the \fB\-\-help\fR option to see a list +of supported targets. Normally \fBwindres\fR will use the default +format, which is the first one listed by the \fB\-\-help\fR option. +.IP "\fB\-\-preprocessor\fR \fIprogram\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--preprocessor program" +When \fBwindres\fR reads an \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file, it runs it through the C +preprocessor first. This option may be used to specify the preprocessor +to use, including any leading arguments. The default preprocessor +argument is \f(CW\*(C`gcc \-E \-xc\-header \-DRC_INVOKED\*(C'\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-preprocessor\-arg\fR \fIoption\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--preprocessor-arg option" +When \fBwindres\fR reads an \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file, it runs it through +the C preprocessor first. This option may be used to specify additional +text to be passed to preprocessor on its command line. +This option can be used multiple times to add multiple options to the +preprocessor command line. +.IP "\fB\-I\fR \fIdirectory\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-I directory" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-include\-dir\fR \fIdirectory\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--include-dir directory" +.PD +Specify an include directory to use when reading an \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file. +\&\fBwindres\fR will pass this to the preprocessor as an \fB\-I\fR +option. \fBwindres\fR will also search this directory when looking for +files named in the \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file. If the argument passed to this command +matches any of the supported \fIformats\fR (as described in the \fB\-J\fR +option), it will issue a deprecation warning, and behave just like the +\&\fB\-J\fR option. New programs should not use this behaviour. If a +directory happens to match a \fIformat\fR, simple prefix it with \fB./\fR +to disable the backward compatibility. +.IP "\fB\-D\fR \fItarget\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D target" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-define\fR \fIsym\fR\fB[=\fR\fIval\fR\fB]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--define sym[=val]" +.PD +Specify a \fB\-D\fR option to pass to the preprocessor when reading an +\&\f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file. +.IP "\fB\-U\fR \fItarget\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-U target" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-undefine\fR \fIsym\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--undefine sym" +.PD +Specify a \fB\-U\fR option to pass to the preprocessor when reading an +\&\f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file. +.IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-r" +Ignored for compatibility with rc. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v" +Enable verbose mode. This tells you what the preprocessor is if you +didn't specify one. +.IP "\fB\-c\fR \fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-c val" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-codepage\fR \fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--codepage val" +.PD +Specify the default codepage to use when reading an \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file. +\&\fIval\fR should be a hexadecimal prefixed by \fB0x\fR or decimal +codepage code. The valid range is from zero up to 0xffff, but the +validity of the codepage is host and configuration dependent. +.IP "\fB\-l\fR \fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-l val" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-language\fR \fIval\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--language val" +.PD +Specify the default language to use when reading an \f(CW\*(C`rc\*(C'\fR file. +\&\fIval\fR should be a hexadecimal language code. The low eight bits are +the language, and the high eight bits are the sublanguage. +.IP "\fB\-\-use\-temp\-file\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--use-temp-file" +Use a temporary file to instead of using popen to read the output of +the preprocessor. Use this option if the popen implementation is buggy +on the host (eg., certain non-English language versions of Windows 95 and +Windows 98 are known to have buggy popen where the output will instead +go the console). +.IP "\fB\-\-no\-use\-temp\-file\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--no-use-temp-file" +Use popen, not a temporary file, to read the output of the preprocessor. +This is the default behaviour. +.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-h" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--help" +.PD +Prints a usage summary. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" +.PD 0 +.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--version" +.PD +Prints the version number for \fBwindres\fR. +.IP "\fB\-\-yydebug\fR" 4 +.IX Item "--yydebug" +If \fBwindres\fR is compiled with \f(CW\*(C`YYDEBUG\*(C'\fR defined as \f(CW1\fR, +this will turn on parser debugging. +.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 +.IX Item "@file" +Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are +inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR +does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated +literally, and not removed. +.Sp +Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace +character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire +option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a +backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included +with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional +@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT" +Copyright (c) 1991\-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +.PP +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 +or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no +Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the +section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". |