src: improve StreamBase write throughput

Improve performance by transferring information about write status
to JS through an `AliasedBuffer`, rather than object properties
set from C++.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23843


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Anatoli Papirovski <apapirovski@mac.com>