http2: adjust error types, test coverage

Change error types emitted from request and validatePriorityOptions
to be TypeError rather than the incorrect RangeError. Add tests
to confirm that all errors are thrown as expected (weight, parent,
exclusive, silent, endStream and getTrailers). Add test for method
CONNECT throwing error on missing :authority or superfluous :scheme
and :path.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/15109


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <ruben@bridgewater.de>