test: update test-domain-uncaught-exception.js

file: test/parallel/test-domain-uncaught-exception.js

1. There are three setTimeout() in the file and they do not specify a
duration (the second argument), so I change them to setImmediate()
instead.

2. There are four callbacks that take an argument called `err` but that
argument is never used, so I removed them.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/10193


Reviewed-By: Sam Roberts <sam@strongloop.com>
Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Michael Dawson <michael_dawson@ca.ibm.com>