src: add node_crypto_common and refactor

Two things in one on this commit:

(a) For the QUIC implementation, we need to separate out various bits
    from node_crypto.cc to allow them to be reused. That's where this
    commit starts.

(b) Quite a bit of the node_crypto.cc code was just messy in terms of
    it's organization and lack of error handling and use of Local vs.
    MaybeLocal. This cleans that up a bit and hopefully makes certain
    parts a bit more manageable also.

Signed-off-by: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32016


Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: Sam Roberts <vieuxtech@gmail.com>