process: simplify report uncaught exception logic

This commit combines two if statements into a single if
statement. Another if statement is replaced with a ternary.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/25744


Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: Gus Caplan <me@gus.host>
Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <ruben@bridgewater.de>
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <riclau@uk.ibm.com>