test: remove test-debug-args

It it's not testing anything useful anymore.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/38990


Reviewed-By: Jiawen Geng <technicalcute@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Matteo Collina <matteo.collina@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Robert Nagy <ronagy@icloud.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>