test: fix flaky VM timeout test on Raspberry Pi

Increase the timeouts based on platform. This required adjusting
common.platformTimeout() to deal with bigint.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/24120

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/24238


Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <riclau@uk.ibm.com>