build: set disable_glibcxx_debug flag

This breaks a few tests when Node is built in debug mode, because
V8 is built with `-D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG=1` and Node is built without,
which makes e.g. `std::vector` ABI-incompatible between the two.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/16159


Reviewed-By: James Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Franziska Hinkelmann <franziska.hinkelmann@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Ben Noordhuis <info@bnoordhuis.nl>