test: refactor test-next-tick-error-spin

* use common.mustCall()
* setTimeout() -> setImmediate()
* assert() -> assert.strictEqual()
* var -> const
* remove unneeded console.log()
* remove commented-out code

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/9537


Reviewed-By: Michael Dawson <michael_dawson@ca.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>