build: add -Werror=undefined-inline to clang builds

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23961
Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23954
Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23910
Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23880


Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <targos@protonmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <riclau@uk.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Joyee Cheung <joyeec9h3@gmail.com>