debugger: use ERR_DEBUGGER_ERROR in debugger client

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/39024


Reviewed-By: Antoine du Hamel <duhamelantoine1995@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Jan Krems <jan.krems@gmail.com>