doc: improve process.platform

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/18057


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Tobias Nießen <tniessen@tnie.de>
Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <ruben@bridgewater.de>