fs: make fs.read params optional

This makes all the parameters of the `fs.read` function, except
for `fd` and the callback(when not using as a promise) optional.

They will default to sensible defaults.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/31237

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31402


Reviewed-By: Robert Nagy <ronagy@icloud.com>