worker: prevent event loop starvation through MessagePorts

Limit the number of messages processed without interruption on a
given `MessagePort` to prevent event loop starvation, but still
make sure that all messages are emitted that were already in the
queue when emitting began.

This aligns the behaviour better with the web.

Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28030

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29315


Reviewed-By: Gus Caplan <me@gus.host>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Jeremiah Senkpiel <fishrock123@rocketmail.com>