loader: fix up #18394

This commit fixes up some issues in #18394.

* Switch vm.Module internals to use the new link method properly
* Fix bug with ModuleWrap::Link
* Add tests for ModuleWrap::Link

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/18509
Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/18249
Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/18394


Reviewed-By: Tiancheng "Timothy" Gu <timothygu99@gmail.com>