test: remove usage of `process.binding()`

Prefer `internalBinding` or other equivalents over `process.binding()`
(except in tests checking `process.binding()` itself).

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/26304


Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Minwoo Jung <minwoo@nodesource.com>
Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <ruben@bridgewater.de>
Reviewed-By: Gus Caplan <me@gus.host>
Reviewed-By: Sakthipriyan Vairamani <thechargingvolcano@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>